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Antioxidative capacity of microalgal carotenoids for stabilizing n-3LC-PUFA rich oil: Initial quantity is key. Food Chem 2023; 406:135044. [PMID: 36455314 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The health-beneficial long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) are easily affected by the undesired process of lipid oxidation in fish oil, while being stable in the lipid extracts of photoautotrophic microalgae. The current research investigates the role of carotenoids by evaluating the oxidative stability of mixtures of fish oil with total lipid extracts of two different microalgae (Phaeodactylum and Isochrysis) throughout an accelerated storage experiment of 4 weeks at 37 °C. A clear separation between oxidatively stable and oxidatively unstable mixtures was observed for which the initial amount of carotenoids relative to the amount of n-3LC-PUFA was a good indicator. The lipid class composition, clearly differing between the two algae, was probably of minor influence. The antioxidative role of fucoxanthin, and diatoxanthin and β-carotene as minor carotenoids, was illustrated by their gradual degradation throughout storage. However, when their initial contents were too low, this role could not be exerted leading to thorough lipid oxidation.
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2
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Ghattavi S, Homaei A. Marine enzymes: Classification and application in various industries. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123136. [PMID: 36621739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Oceans are regarded as a plentiful and sustainable source of biological compounds. Enzymes are a group of marine biomaterials that have recently drawn more attention because they are produced in harsh environmental conditions such as high salinity, extensive pH, a wide temperature range, and high pressure. Hence, marine-derived enzymes are capable of exhibiting remarkable properties due to their unique composition. In this review, we overviewed and discussed characteristics of marine enzymes as well as the sources of marine enzymes, ranging from primitive organisms to vertebrates, and presented the importance, advantages, and challenges of using marine enzymes with a summary of their applications in a variety of industries. Current biotechnological advancements need the study of novel marine enzymes that could be applied in a variety of ways. Resources of marine enzyme can benefit greatly for biotechnological applications duo to their biocompatible, ecofriendly and high effectiveness. It is beneficial to use the unique characteristics offered by marine enzymes to either develop new processes and products or improve existing ones. As a result, marine-derived enzymes have promising potential and are an excellent candidate for a variety of biotechnology applications and a future rise in the use of marine enzymes is to be anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Ghattavi
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ahmad Homaei
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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3
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Singh RP, Yadav P, Kumar A, Hashem A, Al-Arjani ABF, Abd Allah EF, Rodríguez Dorantes A, Gupta RK. Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Bicarbonate Supplementation on Biomass and Lipid Content of Green Algae Scenedesmus sp. BHU1 Isolated From Wastewater for Renewable Biofuel Feedstock. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:839800. [PMID: 35444634 PMCID: PMC9015788 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.839800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, different microalgae were isolated from wastewater environment and evaluated for higher growth and lipid accumulation. The growth adaptability of all the isolated microalgae were tested for carbon source with supplementation of sodium bicarbonate in BG-11 N+ medium. Further based on the uptake rate of sodium bicarbonate and growth behavior, microalgal strains were selected for biofuel feedstock. During the study, growth parameters of all the isolates were screened after supplementation with various carbon sources, in which strain Scenedesmus sp. BHU1 was found highly effective among all. The efficacy of Scenedesmus sp. BHU1 strain under different sodium bicarbonate (4–20 mM) concentration, in which higher growth 1.4 times greater than control was observed at the concentration 12 mM sodium bicarbonate. In addition, total chlorophyll content (Chl-a + Chl-b), chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm, Y(II), ETR max, and NPQmax), and biomass productivity were found to be 11.514 μg/ml, 0.673, 0.675, and 31.167 μmol electrons m−2 s−1, 1.399, 59.167 mg/L/day, respectively, at the 12 mM sodium bicarbonate. However, under optimum sodium bicarbonate supplementation, 56.920% carbohydrate and 34.693% lipid content were accumulated, which showed potential of sodium bicarbonate supplementation in renewable biofuel feedstock by using Scenedesmus sp. BHU1 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Prasad Singh
- Laboratory of Algal Research, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Priya Yadav
- Laboratory of Algal Research, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Laboratory of Algal Research, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rajan Kumar Gupta
- Laboratory of Algal Research, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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4
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Galicia-Medina CM, Vázquez-Piñón M, Alemán-Nava GS, Gallo-Villanueva RC, Martínez-Chapa SO, Madou MJ, Camacho-León S, García-Pérez JS, Esquivel-Hernández DA, Parra-Saldívar R, Pérez-González VH. Rapid Lipid Content Screening in Neochloris oleoabundans Utilizing Carbon-Based Dielectrophoresis. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12091023. [PMID: 34577668 PMCID: PMC8471556 DOI: 10.3390/mi12091023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we carried out a heterogeneous cytoplasmic lipid content screening of Neochloris oleoabundans microalgae by dielectrophoresis (DEP), using castellated glassy carbon microelectrodes in a PDMS microchannel. For this purpose, microalgae were cultured in nitrogen-replete (N+) and nitrogen-deplete (N−) suspensions to promote low and high cytoplasmic lipid production in cells, respectively. Experiments were carried out over a wide frequency window (100 kHz–30 MHz) at a fixed amplitude of 7 VPP. The results showed a statistically significant difference between the dielectrophoretic behavior of N+ and N− cells at low frequencies (100–800 kHz), whereas a weak response was observed for mid- and high frequencies (1–30 MHz). Additionally, a finite element analysis using a 3D model was conducted to determine the dielectrophoretic trapping zones across the electrode gaps. These results suggest that low-cost glassy carbon is a reliable material for microalgae classification—between low and high cytoplasmic lipid content—through DEP, providing a fast and straightforward mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M. Galicia-Medina
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (C.M.G.-M.); (M.V.-P.); (G.S.A.-N.); (R.C.G.-V.); (S.O.M.-C.); (S.C.-L.); (J.S.G.-P.)
| | - Matías Vázquez-Piñón
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (C.M.G.-M.); (M.V.-P.); (G.S.A.-N.); (R.C.G.-V.); (S.O.M.-C.); (S.C.-L.); (J.S.G.-P.)
| | - Gibran S. Alemán-Nava
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (C.M.G.-M.); (M.V.-P.); (G.S.A.-N.); (R.C.G.-V.); (S.O.M.-C.); (S.C.-L.); (J.S.G.-P.)
| | - Roberto C. Gallo-Villanueva
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (C.M.G.-M.); (M.V.-P.); (G.S.A.-N.); (R.C.G.-V.); (S.O.M.-C.); (S.C.-L.); (J.S.G.-P.)
| | - Sergio O. Martínez-Chapa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (C.M.G.-M.); (M.V.-P.); (G.S.A.-N.); (R.C.G.-V.); (S.O.M.-C.); (S.C.-L.); (J.S.G.-P.)
| | - Marc J. Madou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, 4200 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Sergio Camacho-León
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (C.M.G.-M.); (M.V.-P.); (G.S.A.-N.); (R.C.G.-V.); (S.O.M.-C.); (S.C.-L.); (J.S.G.-P.)
| | - Jonathan S. García-Pérez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (C.M.G.-M.); (M.V.-P.); (G.S.A.-N.); (R.C.G.-V.); (S.O.M.-C.); (S.C.-L.); (J.S.G.-P.)
| | - Diego A. Esquivel-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (C.M.G.-M.); (M.V.-P.); (G.S.A.-N.); (R.C.G.-V.); (S.O.M.-C.); (S.C.-L.); (J.S.G.-P.)
- Correspondence: (R.P.-S.); (V.H.P.-G.); Tel.: +52-(81)-8358-2000 (ext. 5561) (R.P.-S.); +52-(81)-8358-2000 (ext. 5414) (V.H.P.-G.)
| | - Víctor H. Pérez-González
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (C.M.G.-M.); (M.V.-P.); (G.S.A.-N.); (R.C.G.-V.); (S.O.M.-C.); (S.C.-L.); (J.S.G.-P.)
- Correspondence: (R.P.-S.); (V.H.P.-G.); Tel.: +52-(81)-8358-2000 (ext. 5561) (R.P.-S.); +52-(81)-8358-2000 (ext. 5414) (V.H.P.-G.)
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5
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Ambriz-Pérez DL, Orozco-Guillen EE, Galán-Hernández ND, Luna-Avelar KD, Valdez-Ortiz A, Santos-Ballardo DU. Accurate method for rapid biomass quantification based on specific absorbance of microalgae species with biofuel importance. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:343-351. [PMID: 34091927 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of microalgae culture technology has been an integral part to produce biomass feedstock to biofuel production. Due to this, numerous attempts have been made to improve some operational parameters of microalgae production. Despite this, specialized research in cell growth monitoring, considered as a fundamental parameter to achieve profitable applications of microalgae for biofuels production, presents some opportunity areas mainly related to the development of specific and accurate methodologies for growth monitoring. In this work, predictive models were developed through statistical tools that correlate a specific micro-algal absorbance with cell density measured by cell count (cells∙per ml), for three species of interest for biofuels production. The results allow the precise prediction of cell density through a logistic model based on spectrophotometry, valid for all the kinetics analysed. The adjusted determination coefficients ( r adj 2 ) for the developed models were 0·993, 0·995 and 0·994 for Dunaliella tertiolecta, Nannochloropsis oculata and Chaetoceros muelleri respectively. The results showed that the equations obtained here can be used with an extremely low error (≤2%) for all the cell growth ranges analysed, with low operational cost and high potential of automation. Finally, a user-friendly software was designed to give practical use to the developed predictive models.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Ambriz-Pérez
- Unidad Académica de Ingeniería en Energía, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México.,Maestría en Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
| | - E E Orozco-Guillen
- Unidad Académica de Ingeniería en Energía, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
| | - N D Galán-Hernández
- Unidad Académica de Ingeniería en Energía, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
| | - K D Luna-Avelar
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología e Ingeniería Genética, Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
| | - A Valdez-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología e Ingeniería Genética, Posgrado en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.,Programa de Posgrado Integral en Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Biotecnología e Ingeniería Genética, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
| | - D U Santos-Ballardo
- Unidad Académica de Ingeniería en Energía, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México.,Maestría en Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
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6
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Ramírez-Castrillón M, Jaramillo-Garcia VP, Lopes Barros H, Pegas Henriques JA, Stefani V, Valente P. Nile Red Incubation Time Before Reading Fluorescence Greatly Influences the Yeast Neutral Lipids Quantification. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:619313. [PMID: 33746916 PMCID: PMC7969498 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.619313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput screening methodologies to estimate lipid content in oleaginous yeasts use Nile red fluorescence in a given solvent and optimized excitation/emission wavelengths. However, Nile red fluorescence stabilization has been poorly analyzed, and high variability occurs when relative fluorescence is measured immediately or a few minutes after dye addition. The aim of this work was to analyze the fluorescence of Nile red at different incubation times using a variety of solvents and oleaginous/non-oleaginous yeast strains. We showed that fluorescence stabilization occurs between 20 and 30 min, depending on the strain and solvent. Therefore, we suggest that fluorescence measurements should be followed until stabilization, where Relative Fluorescence Units should be considered after stabilization for lipid content estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Ramírez-Castrillón
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Research Group in Mycology (GIM), Universidad Santiago de Cali, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Victoria P. Jaramillo-Garcia
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Helio Lopes Barros
- New Organic Materials and Forensic Chemistry Laboratory (LNMO-QF), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João A. Pegas Henriques
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Biotechnology Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Valter Stefani
- New Organic Materials and Forensic Chemistry Laboratory (LNMO-QF), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patricia Valente
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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7
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Electro-Fenton Based Technique to Enhance Cell Harvest and Lipid Extraction from Microalgae. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13153813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, lipid extraction remains a major bottleneck in microalgae technology for biofuel production. In this study, an effective and easily controlled cell wall disruption method based on electro-Fenton reaction was used to enhance lipid extraction from the wet biomass of Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1. The results showed that 1.27 mM of hydroxide radical (HO•) was generated under the optimal conditions with 9.1 mM FeSO4 in a 16.4 mA·cm−2 current density for 37.0 min. After the electro-Fenton treatment, the neutral lipid extraction yield of microalgae (~155 mg) increased from 40% to 87.5%, equal to from 12.2% to 26.7% dry cell weight (DCW). In particular, the fatty acid composition remained stable. The cell wall disruption and lipid extraction processes were displayed by the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and fluorescence microscopy (FM) observations, respectively. Meanwhile, the removal efficiency of algal cells reached 85.2% within 2 h after the reaction was terminated. Furthermore, the biomass of the microalgae cultured in the electrolysis wastewater treated with fresh nutrients reached 3 g/L, which is 12-fold higher than that of the initial after 24 days. These finds provided an economic and efficient method for lipid extraction from wet microalgae, which could be easily controlled by current magnitude regulation.
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8
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Hicks RH, Chuck CJ, Scott RJ, Leak DJ, Henk DA. Comparison of Nile Red and Cell Size Analysis for High‐Throughput Lipid Estimation Within Oleaginous Yeast. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Hicks
- Centre for Doctoral Training in Sustainable Chemical TechnologiesDepartment of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of Bath Bath BA2 7AY United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Chuck
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Bath Bath BA2 7AY United Kingdom
| | - Roderick J. Scott
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of Bath Bath BA2 7AY United Kingdom
| | - David J. Leak
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of Bath Bath BA2 7AY United Kingdom
| | - Daniel A. Henk
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of Bath Bath BA2 7AY United Kingdom
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9
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Neutral Lipid Content in Lipid Droplets: Potential Biomarker of Cordycepin Accumulation in Cordycepin-Producing Fungi. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183363. [PMID: 31527427 PMCID: PMC6767356 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the relationship between neutral lipid content and cordycepin accumulation in Cordyceps militaris, mutants were generated from mixed spores of two C. militaris strains with varying cordycepin-producing capacities. Fifteen stable mutants producing from 0.001 to 2.363 mg/mL cordycepin were finally selected. The relative fluorescence intensities of the 15 mutants, two C. militaris strains and an Aspergillus nidulans strain at different concentrations of lyophilized mycelium powder were then investigated using the Nile red method. The mutant CM1-1-1 with the highest relative fluorescence intensity among the eighteen strains was selected for optimizing the Nile red method. Relative fluorescence intensity was linearly correlated with cordycepin concentration in liquid broth (R2 = 0.9514) and in lyophilized mycelium powder (R2 = 0.9378) for the 18 cordycepin-producing strains under identical culture conditions and with cordycepin concentration in liquid broth (R2 = 0.9727) and in lyophilized mycelium powder (R2 = 0.9613) for CM1-1-1 under eight different sets of conditions. In addition, the cordycepin content in lyophilized mycelium powder measured by the Nile red method was linearly correlated with that determined by an HPLC method (R2 = 0.9627). In conclusion, neutral lipids in lipid droplets are required during cordycepin accumulation; these neutral lipids are potential biomarkers of cordycepin biosynthesis.
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10
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Bernaerts TM, Gheysen L, Foubert I, Hendrickx ME, Van Loey AM. Evaluating microalgal cell disruption upon ultra high pressure homogenization. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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11
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Zhao C, Luo MT, Huang C, Chen XF, Xiong L, Li HL, Chen XD. Determining intracellular lipid content of different oleaginous yeasts by one simple and accurate Nile Red fluorescent method. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:597-605. [PMID: 30929602 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1587624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A simple and accurate Nile Red fluorescent method was built to evaluate the lipid content of three different oleaginous yeasts by one standard curve. The staining of cells can be observed clearly by laser scanning confocal microscope, showing that Nile Red can enter into the cells of oleaginous yeasts easily. A series of conditions such as pretreating temperature, cell suspension concentration (OD600), staining time, Nile Red concentration and the type of suspension solvent were learnt systematically to obtain the optimal process parameters for Nile Red staining. After optimization, the fitting curve of Nile Red fluorescent method was established under suitable conditions (pretreating temperature: 50 °C, OD600: 1.0; staining time: 5 mins; Nile Red concentration: 1.0 μg/mL; suspension solvent: PBS) and it had a suitable correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.95) for lipid content measurement of different oleaginous yeasts. By this study, the possibility of lipid content determination of different oleaginous yeasts by one fitting curve can be proven and this will improve the efficiency of researches related to microbial lipid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,b Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,d University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Mu-Tan Luo
- a Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,b Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,d University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Chao Huang
- a Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,b Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,e R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xuyi , P. R. China
| | - Xue-Fang Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,b Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,e R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xuyi , P. R. China
| | - Lian Xiong
- a Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,b Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,e R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xuyi , P. R. China
| | - Hai-Long Li
- a Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,b Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,e R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xuyi , P. R. China
| | - Xin-De Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,b Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development , Guangzhou , P. R. China.,e R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xuyi , P. R. China
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12
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Wang W, Wei T, Fan J, Yi J, Li Y, Wan M, Wang J, Bai W. Repeated mutagenic effects of 60Co-γ irradiation coupled with high-throughput screening improves lipid accumulation in mutant strains of the microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa as a feedstock for bioenergy. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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13
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Navvabi A, Razzaghi M, Fernandes P, Karami L, Homaei A. Novel lipases discovery specifically from marine organisms for industrial production and practical applications. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Alemán-Nava GS, Cuellar-Bermudez SP, Cuaresma M, Bosma R, Muylaert K, Ritmann BE, Parra R. How to use Nile Red, a selective fluorescent stain for microalgal neutral lipids. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 128:74-79. [PMID: 27432343 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of Nile Red for rapid monitoring of the neutral lipid content in microalgae has gained interest over the last decade, since neutral lipids are feedstock for renewable transportation fuel. In this review, we discuss the main considerations needed to make an NR protocol reliable for staining neutral lipids in microalgae. Cell wall permeability must be enhanced by using stain carriers: DMSO (5% v/v to 25% v/v), glycerol (0.1 to 0.125mg/mL), or EDTA (3.0 to 3.8mg/mL). Temperatures between 30 and 40°C facilitate the diffusion of NR through the cell wall without incurring excess quenching. Good NR-lipid interaction requires using a low NR/cell ratio; the NR concentration must be between 0.25μg/mL and 2.0μg/mL, and the cell concentration >5×10(4)cells/mL. In order to have the maximum and stable NR fluorescence, it is necessary to scan the excitation/emission wavelengths for up to a 40-min of incubation time. We outline a five-step method to customize the Nile Red protocol to a specific strain: 1) Evaluate the strain's suitability by checking for the presence of neutral lipid, 2) Select of the best excitation/emission wavelength, 3) Optimization of incubation time, stain carrier, dye concentration, and temperature, 4) Prepare single-strain algal cultures with different lipid contents to calibrate NR fluorescence with neutral-lipid content, and 5) Correlate NR fluorescence intensity to neutral lipid content for the same strain. Once the protocol is customized, the NR method allows for rapid and reliable monitoring of neutral lipid content of a microalgae strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibrán S Alemán-Nava
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., Mexico
| | | | - María Cuaresma
- Algal Biotechnology Group, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Recursos y Tecnologías Agroalimentarias (CIDERTA), Huelva University, Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva, Spain
| | - Rouke Bosma
- Wageningen University, Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Koenraad Muylaert
- Laboratory Aquatic Biology, KU Leuven Kulak, E. Sabbelaan 53, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Bruce E Ritmann
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., Mexico; Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, PO Box 875701, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, USA
| | - Roberto Parra
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., Mexico.
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Takeshita T, Takeda K, Ota S, Yamazaki T, Kawano S. A Simple Method for Measuring the Starch and Lipid Contents in the Cell of Microalgae. CYTOLOGIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.80.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Takeshita
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
| | - Kohei Takeda
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
| | - Shuhei Ota
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, CREST
| | - Tomokazu Yamazaki
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, CREST
| | - Shigeyuki Kawano
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, CREST
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