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Bzdęga K, Kutkowska-Kaźmierczak A, Deutsch GH, Plaskota I, Smyk M, Niemiec M, Barczyk A, Obersztyn E, Modzelewski J, Lipska I, Stankiewicz P, Gajecka M, Rydzanicz M, Płoski R, Szczapa T, Karolak JA. Prenatal Detection of a FOXF1 Deletion in a Fetus with ACDMPV and Hydronephrosis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030563. [PMID: 36980834 PMCID: PMC10048226 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) is a lethal lung developmental disorder caused by the arrest of fetal lung formation, resulting in neonatal death due to acute respiratory failure and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Heterozygous single-nucleotide variants or copy-number variant (CNV) deletions involving the FOXF1 gene and/or its lung-specific enhancer are found in the vast majority of ACDMPV patients. ACDMPV is often accompanied by extrapulmonary malformations, including the gastrointestinal, cardiac, or genitourinary systems. Thus far, most of the described ACDMPV patients have been diagnosed post mortem, based on histologic evaluation of the lung tissue and/or genetic testing. Here, we report a case of a prenatally detected de novo CNV deletion (~0.74 Mb) involving the FOXF1 gene in a fetus with ACDMPV and hydronephrosis. Since ACDMPV is challenging to detect by ultrasound examination, the more widespread implementation of prenatal genetic testing can facilitate early diagnosis, improve appropriate genetic counselling, and further management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bzdęga
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Gail H. Deutsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Izabela Plaskota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Smyk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Niemiec
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Barczyk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Obersztyn
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Modzelewski
- 1st Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Lipska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Wolski Hospital, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marzena Gajecka
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rydzanicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szczapa
- II Department of Neonatology, Neonatal Biophysical Monitoring and Cardiopulmonary Therapies Research Unit, Poznan University of Medical Science, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Justyna A. Karolak
- Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence:
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2
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Pelizzo G, Costanzo S, Roveri M, Lanfranchi G, Vertemati M, Milani P, Zuccotti G, Cassin S, Panfili S, Rizzetto F, Campari A, Camporesi A, Calcaterra V. Developing Virtual Reality Head Mounted Display (HMD) Set-Up for Thoracoscopic Surgery of Complex Congenital Lung MalFormations in Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:50. [PMID: 35053675 PMCID: PMC8774663 DOI: 10.3390/children9010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been adopted in pediatric age for the treatment of congenital lung malformations (CLM). The success of VATS in pediatrics largely depends on the surgeon's skill ability to understand the airways, vascular system and lung parenchyma anatomy in CLM. In the last years, virtual reality (VR) and 3-dimensional (3D) printing of organ models and VR head mounted display (HMD) technologies have been introduced for completion of preoperative planning in adult patients. To date no reports about the use of VR HMD technologies in a pediatric setting are available. The aim of this report is to introduce a VR HMD model in VATS procedure to improve the quality of care in children with CLM. VR HMD set-up for planning thoracoscopic surgery was performed in a series of pediatric patients with diagnosis of CLM. The preoperative VR HMD evaluation allowed a navigation into the malformation with the aim to explore, interact, and make the surgeon more confident and skilled to answer to the traps. A development of surgical simulations models and teaching program dedicated to education and training in pediatric VATS is suitable among the pediatric surgery community. Further studies should demonstrate all the benefits of such technology in pediatric patients submitted to VATS procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Pelizzo
- Pediatric Surgery Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (S.C.); (M.R.); (G.L.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.V.); (G.Z.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Sara Costanzo
- Pediatric Surgery Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (S.C.); (M.R.); (G.L.)
| | - Margherita Roveri
- Pediatric Surgery Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (S.C.); (M.R.); (G.L.)
| | - Giulia Lanfranchi
- Pediatric Surgery Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (S.C.); (M.R.); (G.L.)
| | - Maurizio Vertemati
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.V.); (G.Z.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
- CIMaINa (Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces), University of Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Paolo Milani
- CIMaINa (Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces), University of Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Physics “Aldo Pontremoli”, University of Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.V.); (G.Z.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
- Pediatric Department, Children’s Hospital “Vittore Buzzi”, 20154 Milan, Italy;
| | - Simone Cassin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.V.); (G.Z.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Sebastiano Panfili
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (M.V.); (G.Z.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Francesco Rizzetto
- Department of Radiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milan, Italy;
- Postgraduate School of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Campari
- Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy;
| | - Anna Camporesi
- Division of Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Vittore Buzzi, 20154 Milan, Italy;
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric Department, Children’s Hospital “Vittore Buzzi”, 20154 Milan, Italy;
- Pediatrics and Adolescentology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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3
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Karolak JA, Gambin T, Szafranski P, Maywald RL, Popek E, Heaney JD, Stankiewicz P. Perturbation of semaphorin and VEGF signaling in ACDMPV lungs due to FOXF1 deficiency. Respir Res 2021; 22:212. [PMID: 34315444 PMCID: PMC8314029 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) is a rare lethal congenital lung disorder in neonates characterized by severe progressive respiratory failure and refractory pulmonary hypertension, resulting from underdevelopment of the peripheral pulmonary tree. Causative heterozygous single nucleotide variants (SNVs) or copy-number variant (CNV) deletions involving FOXF1 or its distant lung-specific enhancer on chromosome 16q24.1 have been identified in 80-90% of ACDMPV patients. FOXF1 maps closely to and regulates the oppositely oriented FENDRR, with which it also shares regulatory elements. METHODS To better understand the transcriptional networks downstream of FOXF1 that are relevant for lung organogenesis, using RNA-seq, we have examined lung transcriptomes in 12 histopathologically verified ACDMPV patients with or without pathogenic variants in the FOXF1 locus and analyzed gene expression profile in FENDRR-depleted fetal lung fibroblasts, IMR-90. RESULTS RNA-seq analyses in ACDMPV neonates revealed changes in the expression of several genes, including semaphorins (SEMAs), neuropilin 1 (NRP1), and plexins (PLXNs), essential for both epithelial branching and vascular patterning. In addition, we have found deregulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling that also controls pulmonary vasculogenesis and a lung-specific endothelial gene TMEM100 known to be essential in vascular morphogenesis. Interestingly, we have observed a substantial difference in gene expression profiles between the ACDMPV samples with different types of FOXF1 defect. Moreover, partial overlap between transcriptome profiles of ACDMPV lungs with FOXF1 SNVs and FENDRR-depleted IMR-90 cells suggests contribution of FENDRR to ACDMPV etiology. CONCLUSIONS Our transcriptomic data imply potential crosstalk between several lung developmental pathways, including interactions between FOXF1-SHH and SEMA-NRP or VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling, and provide further insight into complexity of lung organogenesis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna A Karolak
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Rm ABBR-R809, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Chair and Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gambin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Rm ABBR-R809, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute of Computer Science, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-665, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Szafranski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Rm ABBR-R809, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rebecca L Maywald
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Rm ABBR-R809, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Edwina Popek
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jason D Heaney
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Rm ABBR-R809, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Paweł Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Rm ABBR-R809, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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4
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Barazzone-Argiroffo C, Lascano Maillard J, Vidal I, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Blaskovic S, Donati Y, Wildhaber BE, Rougemont AL, Delacourt C, Ruchonnet-Métrailler I. New insights on congenital pulmonary airways malformations revealed by proteomic analyses. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:272. [PMID: 31779656 PMCID: PMC6883702 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) has an estimated prevalence between 0.87 and 1.02/10,000 live births and little is know about their pathogenesis. To improve our knowledge on these rare malformations, we analyzed the cellular origin of the two most frequent CPAM, CPAM types 1 and 2, and compared these malformations with adjacent healthy lung and human fetal lungs. Methods We prospectively enrolled 21 infants undergoing surgical resection for CPAM. Human fetal lung samples were collected after termination of pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry and proteomic analysis were performed on laser microdissected samples. Results CPAM 1 and 2 express mostly bronchial markers, such as cytokeratin 17 (Krt17) or α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA 2). CPAM 1 also expresses alveolar type II epithelial cell markers (SPC). Proteomic analysis on microlaser dissected epithelium confirmed these results and showed distinct protein profiles, CPAM 1 being more heterogeneous and displaying some similarities with fetal bronchi. Conclusion This study provides new insights in CPAM etiology, showing clear distinction between CPAM types 1 and 2, by immunohistochemistry and proteomics. This suggests that CPAM 1 and CPAM 2 might occur at different stages of lung branching. Finally, the comparison between fetal lung structures and CPAMs shows clearly different protein profiles, thereby arguing against a developmental arrest in a localized part of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Barazzone-Argiroffo
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Hospital, 6 Rue Willy Donzé, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Lascano Maillard
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - I Vidal
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospitals Geneva, University Center of Pediatric Surgery of Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M L Bochaton-Piallat
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Blaskovic
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Donati
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B E Wildhaber
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospitals Geneva, University Center of Pediatric Surgery of Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A-L Rougemont
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Delacourt
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - I Ruchonnet-Métrailler
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Hospital, 6 Rue Willy Donzé, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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5
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Szafranski P, Liu Q, Karolak JA, Song X, de Leeuw N, Faas B, Gerychova R, Janku P, Jezova M, Valaskova I, Gibbs KA, Surrey LF, Poisson V, Bérubé D, Oligny LL, Michaud JL, Popek E, Stankiewicz P. Association of rare non-coding SNVs in the lung-specific FOXF1 enhancer with a mitigation of the lethal ACDMPV phenotype. Hum Genet 2019; 138:1301-1311. [PMID: 31686214 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of FOXF1 causes alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV), a lethal neonatal lung developmental disorder. We describe two similar heterozygous CNV deletions involving the FOXF1 enhancer and re-analyze FOXF1 missense mutation, all associated with an unexpectedly mitigated disease phenotype. In one case, the deletion of the maternal allele of the FOXF1 enhancer caused pulmonary hypertension and histopathologically diagnosed MPV without the typical ACD features. In the second case, the deletion of the paternal enhancer resulted in ACDMPV rather than the expected neonatal lethality. In both cases, FOXF1 expression in lung tissue was higher than usually seen or expected in patients with similar deletions, suggesting an increased activity of the remaining allele of the enhancer. Sequencing of these alleles revealed two rare SNVs, rs150502618-A and rs79301423-T, mapping to the partially overlapping binding sites for TFAP2s and CTCF in the core region of the enhancer. Moreover, in a family with three histopathologically-diagnosed ACDMPV siblings whose missense FOXF1 mutation was inherited from the healthy non-mosaic carrier mother, we have identified a rare SNV rs28571077-A within 2-kb of the above-mentioned non-coding SNVs in the FOXF1 enhancer in the mother, that was absent in the affected newborns and 13 unrelated ACDMPV patients with CNV deletions of this genomic region. Based on the low population frequencies of these three variants, their absence in ACDMPV patients, the results of reporter assay, RNAi and EMSA experiments, and in silico predictions, we propose that the described SNVs might have acted on FOXF1 enhancer as hypermorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Szafranski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justyna A Karolak
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Xiaofei Song
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicole de Leeuw
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Brigitte Faas
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Romana Gerychova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Janku
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Jezova
- Department of Pathology, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Valaskova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Lea F Surrey
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginie Poisson
- CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Bérubé
- CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Luc L Oligny
- CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacques L Michaud
- CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Edwina Popek
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paweł Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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6
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Lignelli E, Palumbo F, Myti D, Morty RE. Recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of lung alveolarization and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L832-L887. [PMID: 31596603 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00369.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. A key histopathological feature of BPD is stunted late lung development, where the process of alveolarization-the generation of alveolar gas exchange units-is impeded, through mechanisms that remain largely unclear. As such, there is interest in the clarification both of the pathomechanisms at play in affected lungs, and the mechanisms of de novo alveoli generation in healthy, developing lungs. A better understanding of normal and pathological alveolarization might reveal opportunities for improved medical management of affected infants. Furthermore, disturbances to the alveolar architecture are a key histopathological feature of several adult chronic lung diseases, including emphysema and fibrosis, and it is envisaged that knowledge about the mechanisms of alveologenesis might facilitate regeneration of healthy lung parenchyma in affected patients. To this end, recent efforts have interrogated clinical data, developed new-and refined existing-in vivo and in vitro models of BPD, have applied new microscopic and radiographic approaches, and have developed advanced cell-culture approaches, including organoid generation. Advances have also been made in the development of other methodologies, including single-cell analysis, metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics, as well as the generation and use of complex mouse genetics tools. The objective of this review is to present advances made in our understanding of the mechanisms of lung alveolarization and BPD over the period 1 January 2017-30 June 2019, a period that spans the 50th anniversary of the original clinical description of BPD in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Lignelli
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Francesco Palumbo
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Despoina Myti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rory E Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
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7
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Liberti DC, Zepp JA, Bartoni CA, Liberti KH, Zhou S, Lu M, Morley MP, Morrisey EE. Dnmt1 is required for proximal-distal patterning of the lung endoderm and for restraining alveolar type 2 cell fate. Dev Biol 2019; 454:108-117. [PMID: 31242446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lung endoderm development occurs through a series of finely coordinated transcriptional processes that are regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. However, the role of DNA methylation in regulating lung endoderm development remains poorly understood. We demonstrate that DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) is required for early branching morphogenesis of the lungs and for restraining epithelial fate specification. Loss of Dnmt1 leads to an early branching defect, a loss of epithelial polarity and proximal endodermal cell differentiation, and an expansion of the distal endoderm compartment. Dnmt1 deficiency also disrupts epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk and leads to precocious distal endodermal cell differentiation with premature expression of alveolar type 2 cell restricted genes. These data reveal an important requirement for Dnmt1 mediated DNA methylation in early lung development to promote proper branching morphogenesis, maintain proximal endodermal cell fate, and suppress premature activation of the distal epithelial fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek C Liberti
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jarod A Zepp
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christina A Bartoni
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kyle H Liberti
- Middleware Engineering, Red Hat, Westford, MA, 01886, USA
| | - Su Zhou
- Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Minmin Lu
- Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Penn Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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8
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Assessment of the nitrofen model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia and of the dysregulated factors involved in pulmonary hypoplasia. Pediatr Surg Int 2019; 35:41-61. [PMID: 30386897 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-018-4375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), investigators have been employing a fetal rat model based on nitrofen administration to dams. Herein, we aimed to: (1) investigate the validity of the model, and (2) synthesize the main biological pathways implicated in the development of PH associated with CDH. METHODS Using a defined strategy, we conducted a systematic review of the literature searching for studies reporting the incidence of CDH or factors involved in PH development. We also searched for PH factor interactions, relevance to lung development and to human PH. RESULTS Of 335 full-text articles, 116 reported the incidence of CDH after nitrofen exposure or dysregulated factors in the lungs of nitrofen-exposed rat fetuses. CDH incidence: 54% (27-85%) fetuses developed a diaphragmatic defect, whereas the whole litter had PH in varying degrees. Downregulated signaling pathways included FGF/FGFR, BMP/BMPR, Sonic Hedgehog and retinoid acid signaling pathway, resulting in a delay in early epithelial differentiation, immature distal epithelium and dysfunctional mesenchyme. CONCLUSIONS The nitrofen model effectively reproduces PH as it disrupts pathways that are critical for lung branching morphogenesis and alveolar differentiation. The low CDH rate confirms that PH is an associated phenomenon rather than the result of mechanical compression alone.
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