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Rapid Removal of Azophloxine via Catalytic Degradation by a Novel Heterogeneous Catalyst under Visible Light. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Azo dyes are the most widely used synthetic dyes in the printing and dyeing process. However, the discharge of untreated azo dyes poses a potential threat to aqueous ecosystems and human health. Herein, we fabricated a novel heterogeneous catalyst: activated-carbon-fiber-supported ferric alginate (FeAlg-ACF). Together with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and visible light, this photocatalytic oxidation system was used to remove an azo dye—azophloxine. The results indicated that the proposed catalytic oxidation system can remove 100% of azophloxine within 24 min, while under the same system, the removal rates were only 92% and 84% when ferric alginate was replaced with ferric citrate and ferric oxalate, respectively, which showed the superiority of FeAlg-ACF. The degradation of azophloxine is achieved by the active radicals (SO4•− and •OH) released from PMS and persistent free radicals from activated carbon fiber. Moreover, due to ferric alginate’s highly intrinsic photosensitivity, visible radiation can further enhance the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) processes. After 24 min of treatment, the total organic carbon of the azophloxine solution (50 μmol/L) decreased from 1.82 mg/L to 79.3 μg/L and the concentration of nitrate ions increased from 0.3 mg/L to 8.6 mg/L. That is, up to 93.5% of azophloxine molecules were completely degraded into inorganic compounds. Consequently, potential secondary contamination by intermediate organic products during catalytic degradation was prohibited. The azophloxine removal ratio was kept almost constant after seven cycles, indicating the recyclability and longevity of this system. Furthermore, the azophloxine removal was still promising at high concentrations of Cl−, HCO3−, and CO32−. Therefore, our proposed system is potentially effective at removing dye pollutants from seawater. It provides a feasible method for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly PMS activation technology combined with FeAlg-ACF, which has significant academic and application value.
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Sheng T, Zhao L, Liu WZ, Gao LF, Wang AJ. Fenton pre-treatment of rice straw with citric acid as an iron chelate reagent for enhancing saccharification. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04329e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice straw was pre-treated by Fenton action with citric acid for chelation; the pre-treated rice straw was saccharified byRuminiclostridium thermocellumM3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sheng
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
- Advanced Water Management Centre
| | - Wen-Zong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Ling-fang Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology
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Jack RS, Ayoko GA, Adebajo MO, Frost RL. A review of iron species for visible-light photocatalytic water purification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:7439-7449. [PMID: 25821036 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Iron species are one of the least toxic and least expensive substances that are photocatalytic in the visible region of the spectrum. Therefore, this article focuses on iron-based photocatalysts sensitive to visible light. Photo-Fenton reactions are considered with respect to those assisted by and involve the in situ production of H₂O₂. The possible role that photoactive iron species play by interacting with natural organic matter in water purification in the natural environment is considered. The review also considered photosensitization by phthalocyanines and the potential role that layered double hydroxides may have not only as catalyst supports but also as photosensitizers themselves. Finally, photocatalytic disinfection of water is discussed, and the desirability of standardized metrics and experimental conditions to assist in the comparative evaluation of photocatalysts is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell S Jack
- Discipline of Nanotechnology and Molecular Science, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
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De Luca A, Dantas RF, Esplugas S. Assessment of iron chelates efficiency for photo-Fenton at neutral pH. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 61:232-242. [PMID: 24930010 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, homogeneous photo-Fenton like at neutral pH was applied to remove sulfamethoxazole from water. The process was performed using different chelating agents in order to solubilize iron in a neutral water solution. The chelating agents tested were: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA); oxalic acid (OA) and tartaric acid (TA). The iron leaching was monitored over reaction time to evaluate the chelates stability and their resistance to HO· and UV-A radiation. Chelates of EDTA and NTA presented more stability than OA and TA, which also confirmed their higher efficiency. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analyses were also performed to evaluate the contribution in terms of solution contamination related to the use of chelating agents. The better properties of biodegradability in respect of EDTA combined with better efficiency in terms of microcontaminant removal and the smallest TOC contribution indicate that NTA could represent a useful option to perform photo-Fenton processes at neutral pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella De Luca
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Renato F Dantas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Santiago Esplugas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Effective Photodegradation of Methyl Orange Using Fluidized Bed Reactor Loaded with Cross-Linked Chitosan Embedded Nano-CdS Photocatalyst. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/270946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan-based photocatalyst composites containing CdS nanocrystals with and without glutaraldehyde or epichlorohydrin cross-linking treatments were investigated and the catalyzed photodegradation of methyl orange in aqueous solution was examined. In addition, the effects of catalyst dosage, initial dye concentration, and initial pH of the dye solution on the photodegradation kinetics were investigated. In this study, the effect of initial solution pH was more important than other factors. The photocatalyst composite could remove 99% dye in 80 minutes at pH 4. The catalyst composite was characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and visible reflectance spectroscopy. The dye removal mechanism of methyl orange involved an initial sorption process followed by photodegradation. The sorption process underwent the pseudo-second order kinetics, while photodegradation followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics. Although the glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan enhanced the initial dye sorption, the epichlorohydrin cross-linked catalyst composite demonstrated a better overall dye removal performance, especially in the photodegradation step. Both chitosan encapsulated catalyst with and without epichlorohydrin cross-linking demonstrated the same pseudo-first order photodegradation kinetic constant of 0.026 min−1and the same dye removal capacity. The catalyst composite could be reused but the photocatalytic activity dropped successively in each cycle.
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Iglesias O, Fernández de Dios MA, Pazos M, Sanromán MA. Using iron-loaded sepiolite obtained by adsorption as a catalyst in the electro-Fenton oxidation of Reactive Black 5. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:5983-5993. [PMID: 23516035 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1610-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the possibility of using iron-loaded sepiolite, obtained by recovering iron from polluted water, as a catalyst in the electro-Fenton oxidation of organic pollutants in textile effluents. The removal of iron ions from aqueous solution by adsorption on sepiolite was studied in batch tests at iron concentrations between 100 and 1,000 ppm. Electro-Fenton experiments were carried out in an electrochemical cell with a working volume of 0.15 L, an air flow of 1 L/min, and 3 g of iron-loaded sepiolite. An electric field was applied using a boron-doped diamond anode and a graphite sheet cathode connected to a direct current power supply with a constant potential drop. Reactive Black 5 (100 mg/L) was selected as the model dye. The adsorption isotherms proved the ability of the used adsorbent. The removal of the iron ion by adsorption on sepiolite was in the range of 80-100 % for the studied concentration range. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were found to be applicable in terms of the relatively high regression values. Iron-loaded sepiolite could be used as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the degradation of organic dyes in the electro-Fenton process. Successive batch processes were performed at optimal working conditions (5 V and pH 2). The results indicate the suitability of the proposed combined process, adsorption to iron remediation followed by the application of the obtained iron-loaded sepiolite to the electro-Fenton technique, to oxidize polluted effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Iglesias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Isaac Newton Building, Campus As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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Iglesias O, Rosales E, Pazos M, Sanromán MA. Electro-Fenton decolourisation of dyes in an airlift continuous reactor using iron alginate beads. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:2252-2261. [PMID: 22851224 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, electro-Fenton dye degradation was performed in an airlift continuous reactor configuration by harnessing the catalytic activity of Fe alginate gel beads. Electro-Fenton experiments were carried out in an airlift reactor with a working volume of 1.5 L, air flow of 1.5 L/min and 115 g of Fe alginate gel beads. An electric field was applied by two graphite bars connected to a direct current power supply with a constant potential drop. In this study, Lissamine Green B and Reactive Black 5 were selected as model dyes. Fe alginate gel beads can be used as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the degradation of organic dyes in the electro-Fenton process, as they are more efficient than the conventional electrochemical techniques. At optimal working conditions (3 V and pH 2), the continuous process was performed. For both dyes, the degree of decolourisation increases when the residence time augments. Taking into account hydrodynamic and kinetic behaviour, a model to describe the reactor profile was obtained, and the standard deviation between experimental and theoretical data was lower than 6%. The results indicate the suitability of the electro-Fenton technique to oxidise polluted effluents in the presence of Fe alginate gel beads. Moreover, the operation is possible in a continuous airlift reactor, due to the entrapment of iron in the alginate matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Iglesias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Isaac Newton Building, Campus As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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Rosales E, Iglesias O, Pazos M, Sanromán MA. Decolourisation of dyes under electro-Fenton process using Fe alginate gel beads. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 213-214:369-377. [PMID: 22381372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the application of electro-Fenton technique by use of catalytic activity of Fe alginate gel beads for the remediation of wastewater contaminated with synthetic dyes. The Fe alginate gel beads were evaluated for decolourisation of two typical dyes, Lissamine Green B and Azure B under electro-Fenton process. After characterization of Fe alginate gel beads, the pH effect on the process with Fe alginate beads and a comparative study of the electro-Fenton process with free Fe and Fe alginate bead was done. The results showed that the use of Fe alginate beads increases the efficiency of the process; moreover the developed particles show a physical integrity in a wide range of pH (2-8). Around 98-100% of dye decolourisation was obtained for both dyes by electro-Fenton process in successive batches. Therefore, the process was performed with Fe alginate beads in a bubble continuous reactor. High color removal (87-98%) was attained for both dyes operating at a residence time of 30 min, without operational problems and maintaining particle shapes throughout the oxidation process. Consequently, the stable performance of Fe alginate beads opens promising perspectives for fast and economical treatment of wastewater polluted by dyes or similar organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rosales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Isaac Newton Building, Campus As Lagoas, Marcosende 36310, Vigo, Spain
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Preparation and catalytic activity of Fe alginate gel beads for oxidative degradation of azo dyes under visible light irradiation. Catal Today 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li D, Pan C, Shi R, Zhu Y. Controllable synthesis of Fe5(PO4)4(OH)3·2H2O as a highly efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05483j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hartmann M, Kullmann S, Keller H. Wastewater treatment with heterogeneous Fenton-type catalysts based on porous materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00577k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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