Ring-opening copolymerization of CHO and MA catalyzed by mononuclear [Zn(L2)(H2O)] or trinuclear [Zn3(L2)2(OAc)2] complex based on the asymmetrical bis-Schiff-base ligand precursor

Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide and Cyclic Anhydrides Catalyzed by Bimetallic Scorpionate Zinc Catalysts

The catalytic activity and high selectivity reported by bimetallic heteroscorpionate acetate zinc complexes in ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) reactions involving CO₂ as substrate encouraged us to expand their use as catalysts for ROCOP of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and cyclic anhydrides. Among the catalysts tested for the ROCOP of CHO and phthalic anhydride at different reaction conditions, the most active catalytic system was the combination of complex 3 with bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium as cocatalyst in toluene at 80 °C. Once the optimal catalytic system was determined, the scope in terms of other cyclic anhydrides was broadened. The catalytic system was capable of copolymerizing selectively and efficiently CHO with phthalic, maleic, succinic and naphthalic anhydrides to afford the corresponding polyester materials. The polyesters obtained were characterized by spectroscopic, spectrometric, and calorimetric techniques. Finally, the reaction mechanism of the catalytic system was proposed based on stoichiometric reactions.

A trinuclear Zn(ii) Schiff base azido compound: synthesis, structure and exploration of antimicrobial activity

The synthesis, characterization, X-ray crystal structure and antimicrobial activity of a trinuclear zinc(ii) complex have been explored.

Zinc Amido-Oxazolinate Catalyzed Ring Opening Copolymerization and Terpolymerization of Maleic Anhydride and Epoxides

Ring opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of epoxides and cyclic anhydrides has become an attractive approach for the synthesis of biodegradable polyesters with various compositions. Encouraged by the efficiency and versatility of a series of amido-oxazolinate zinc complexes, in this study they were shown to be active catalysts for the synthesis of unsaturated polyesters via ROCOP of maleic anhydride and various epoxides. The relative activity of epoxides in these reactions was observed to be styrene oxide > cyclohexene oxide > phenyl glycidyl ether, which could be correlated with the electronic and steric features of the substrate. To provide more structural possibilities for the polyesters, the difference in epoxide reactivity was exploited in an attempt to prepare block terpolymers from one anhydride and two epoxides. Terpolymerization was carried out in one or two steps in a single pot. The thermal characterization by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques suggested that the resulting materials were mostly random terpolymers.

Copolymerization of epoxides with cyclic anhydrides catalyzed by dinuclear cobalt complexes

The alternating copolymerization of epoxides with cyclic anhydrides (CAs) is a highly diverse synthetic method for polyesters as the polymers’ architectures and properties can be easily controlled depending on the combination of two monomers. Thus, a variety of catalyst designs has been reported to prepare the desired copolymers efficiently. We herein report dinuclear cobalt–salen complexes with a benzene ring as a linker and their activities in copolymerization reactions. The dinuclear cobalt complexes showed a higher catalytic activity for the copolymerization of propylene oxide with phthalic anhydride than the corresponding mononuclear cobalt–salen complex and achieved one of the highest turnover frequencies ever reported. A variety of epoxides and CAs were also found to be copolymerized successfully by the dinuclear cobalt complex with a high catalytic activity.

A new co-crystal dinuclear/trinuclear ZnII-ZnII/ZnII-SmIII-ZnII complex with a salen-type Schiff base ligand

In the penta-nuclear title complex, [SmZn2(C22H18N2O4)2(NCS)2(C3H7NO)2][Zn2(C22H18N2O4)(NCS)3]·C3H7NO·0.32H2O, namely bis-{μ2-6,6'-dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[phenyl-ene-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo-methanylyl-idene)]diphenolato}-1κ4 O,N,N',O':2κ3 O,O',O 6;2κ3 O,O',O 6:3κ4 O,N,N',O'-bis-(di-methyl-formamide-2κO)di-thiocyanato-1κN,3κN-2-samarium(III)-1,3-dizinc(II) {μ2-6,6'-dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[phenyl-ene-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo-methanylyl-idene)]diphenolato-1κ4 O,N,N',O':2κ2 O,O'}trithio-cyan-ato-1κN;2κ2 N,N-dizinc(II) di-methyl-formamide monosolvate 1.32-hydrate, a dinuclear unit and a trinuclear unit co-exist. One of the ZnII centers in the dinuclear unit as well as the two ZnII centers in the trinuclear unit are located in the inner N2O2 cavity of the ligand and are coordinated to the nitro-gen atom of one thio-cyanate moiety, giving rise to a square-pyramidal geometry. The second ZnII center in the dinuclear unit is coordinated to the two phenolate oxygen atoms of the ligand and to two thio-cyanate groups via the nitro-gen atom in a tetra-hedral geometry. The SmIII ion is eight-coordinated by four phenolate O atoms from the two ligand mol-ecules, two meth-oxy O atoms from the two ligand mol-ecules and two O atoms from the DFM solvent mol-ecule. In the dinuclear unit, the two meth-oxy oxygen atoms remain uncoordinated while in the trinuclear unit, for each ligand one meth-oxy oxygen is coordinated and the other one remains uncoordinated. In the crystal, the trinuclear cationic units and dinuclear anionic units are assembled into infinite layers. These layers are held together via electrostatic inter-actions, forming a three-dimensional structure. In the dinuclear unit, the C and S atoms of one of the thio-cyanate groups are disordered over two sets of sites in a 0.680 (4)(4):0.320 (4) ratio.

Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Epoxides and Cyclic Anhydrides with Discrete Metal Complexes: Structure-Property Relationships

Polyesters synthesized through the alternating copolymerization of epoxides and cyclic anhydrides compose a growing class of polymers that exhibit an impressive array of chemical and physical properties. Because they are synthesized through the chain-growth polymerization of two variable monomers, their syntheses can be controlled by discrete metal complexes, and the resulting materials vary widely in their functionality and physical properties. This polymer-focused review gives a perspective on the current state of the field of epoxide/anhydride copolymerization mediated by discrete catalysts and the relationships between the structures and properties of these polyesters.

Alternating ring-opening copolymerization of styrene oxide and maleic anhydride using asymmetrical bis-Schiff-base metal(iii) catalysts

The ring-opening copolymerization of styrene oxide and maleic anhydride catalyzed by a series of [M(Ln)X] complexes based on the asymmetrical bis-Schiff-base ligands.

Ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP): synthesis and properties of polyesters and polycarbonates

This feature article highlights the opportunities presented by ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) as a controlled route to prepare polyesters and polycarbonates.

Ring-opening copolymerization of epoxide and dianhydride in the presence of manganese(III) asymmetrical bis-Schiff base catalysts

Based on a series of asymmetrical bis-Schiff base H2Ln (n = 1–4) ligands with different electronic and steric effects, a series of [Mn(Ln)Cl] complexes 1–4 are obtained and shown to be effective catalysts in ring-opening copolymerization of epoxides and dianhydrides. Through the structure design, the input of electron-withdrawing bromine substituent para to the phenoxide group of the complexes is considerately beneficial to the improved activities. Moreover, steric and electronic effects of the suitable MeO substituent at the ortho orientation on the phenoxide group may both play a role in the formation of alternating ring-opening copolymers under the identical reaction conditions. In three cocatalysts tested, n-Bu4NBr is positive to monomer conversion and chain growth of polymer.