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Li Z, Ying Lee Y, Wang Y, Qiu C. Interfacial behavior, gelation and foaming properties of diacylglycerols with different acyl chain lengths and isomer ratios. Food Chem 2023; 427:136696. [PMID: 37392626 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Diacylglycerols (DAG) of varying chain lengths were synthesized and the acyl migrated samples with different 1,3-DAG/1,2-DAG ratios were obtained. The crystallization profile and surface adsorption differed depending on DAG structure. C12 and C14 DAGs formed small platelet- and needle-like crystals at the oil-air interface which can better reduce surface tension and pack in an ordered lamellar structure in oil. The acyl migrated DAGs with higher ratios of 1,2-DAG showed reduced crystal size and lower oil-air interfacial activity. C14 and C12 DAG oleogels exhibited higher elasticity and whipping ability with crystal shells surrounding bubbles, whereas C16 and C18 DAG oleogels had low elasticity and limited whipping ability due to the formation of aggregated needle-like crystals and loose gel network. Thus, acyl chain length dramatically influences the gelation and foaming behaviors of DAGs whereas the isomers exert little influence. This study provides basis for applying DAG of different structures in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Li
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China; National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Yee Ying Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Chaoying Qiu
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
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2
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Lakshminarayanan S, Shereen MF, Niraimathi KL, Brindha P, Arumugam A. One-pot green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles from Bauhinia tomentosa: Characterization and application towards synthesis of 1, 3 diolein. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8643. [PMID: 33883589 PMCID: PMC8060310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87960-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The green synthesis of NPs through plant extracts can be a modest, one-pot alternative synthesis to the conventional physical or chemical method. The prime focus of this study is to produce MNPs by the reducing effect of Bauhinia tomentosa leaf extract, and it was immobilized in porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL). Synthesized NPs were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis Spectrometry, Thermogravimetry, and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Zeta potential test, VSM, BET and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of process parameters was studied, about the efficiency of immobilization are enzyme stability, the extent of enzyme reusability, its separation from products, the activity of immobilized enzyme, recovery, and its loss. Finally, the immobilized lipase was used for the synthesis of 1,3-diolein using enzyme-mediated esterification of oleic acid and glycerol. Under optimized condition (reaction temp-55 [Formula: see text]C; molar ratio-2.5:1; pH-7) diolein yield was achieved to be 94%. Therefore, this work was further used for the industrial production of 1,3-diacylglycerol since a perfect enzyme-catalyzed process was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha Lakshminarayanan
- Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | - M Furhana Shereen
- Bioprocess Intensification Laboratory, Centre for Bioenergy, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed To Be University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | - K L Niraimathi
- Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | - P Brindha
- Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | - A Arumugam
- Bioprocess Intensification Laboratory, Centre for Bioenergy, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed To Be University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, India.
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Miao S, Li X. Enzymatic esterification of lauric acid to give monolaurin in a microreactor. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519820977164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Monolaurin is a naturally occurring compound widely utilized in food and cosmetics. In this paper, we present a new method for the synthesis of monolaurin by esterification between lauric acid and glycerol catalyzed by Novozym® 435 using a microreactor. The conversion of lauric acid is 87.04% in 20 min, compared with 70.54% via the batch approach in 5 h. Using an optimized solvent system consisting of t-BuOH/ tert-amyl alcohol (1:1, v/v), the selectivity using the microreactor method is enhanced to 90.63% and the space–time yield of the process is 380.91 g/h/L. This newly devised method has the potential for application to other multiphase and enzymatic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Miao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Agapay RC, Ju Y, Tran‐Nguyen PL, Ismadji S, Angkawijaya AE, Go AW. Process evaluation of solvent‐free lipase‐catalyzed esterification schemes in the synthesis of structured triglycerides from oleic and palmitic acids. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramelito Casado Agapay
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Hsu Ju
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
- Taiwan Building Technology Center National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
| | | | - Suryadi Ismadji
- Department of Chemical Engineering Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Surabaya Indonesia
| | - Artik Elisa Angkawijaya
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
| | - Alchris Woo Go
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan
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5
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Wang S, Lee WJ, Wang Y, Tan CP, Lai OM, Wang Y. Effect of Purification Methods on the Physicochemical and Thermodynamic Properties and Crystallization Kinetics of Medium-Chain, Medium-Long-Chain, and Long-Chain Diacylglycerols. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8391-8403. [PMID: 32511921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Medium-chain diacylglycerol (MCD), medium-long-chain diacylglycerol (MLCD), and long-chain diacylglycerol (LCD) were prepared through enzymatic esterification using different conditions at temperatures of 55-70 °C and reaction times of 1.5-5 h and in the presence of 5-6% Novozym 435. Subsequently, purification was performed using three different techniques, namely, molecular distillation (MD), deodorization (DO), and silica gel column chromatography (SGCC). Variations in terms of the physicochemical and thermodynamic properties, crystallization properties, and kinetics of the diacylglycerols (DAGs) before and after purification were determined. Irrespective of the DAG chain lengths, SGCC was able to produce samples with high DAG purity (96-99 wt %), followed by MD (58-79 wt %) and DO (39-59 wt %). A higher 1,3-DAG/1,2-DAG ratio was recorded for all samples, with the highest ratio recorded for SGCC purified samples. Regardless of the purification techniques used, the solid fat content (SFC) profiles of crude samples with steep curves were altered post-purification, showing a gradual increment in SFC along with increasing temperature. Modification of the Avrami constant and coefficient suggested the modification of the crystal growth mechanism post-purification. Crystallization and melting temperatures of products with a higher DAG purity were shifted to a higher temperature region. Variations were also reflected in terms of the crystal polymorphism, whereby the α and β' crystals transitioned into the more stable β form in purified samples accompanied by modification in the microstructures and crystal sizes. However, there was insignificant change in the morphology of MLCD crystal after purification, except for the decrease in crystal sizes. In conclusion, synthesis of MCD, MLCD, and LCD comprising different DAG purities had distinctive SFC profiles, thermodynamic properties, crystallization kinetics, and crystal morphologies, which can be further incorporated into the preparation of a variety of fat products to obtain end products with desired characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolin Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Jun Lee
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
- National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Oi Ming Lai
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
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Chen J, Lee WJ, Qiu C, Wang S, Li G, Wang Y. Immobilized Lipase in the Synthesis of High Purity Medium Chain Diacylglycerols Using a Bubble Column Reactor: Characterization and Application. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:466. [PMID: 32509749 PMCID: PMC7248569 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Novozym® 435, an immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica B. (CALB), was used as a biocatalyst for the synthesis of high purity medium chain diacylglycerol (MCD) in a bubble column reactor. In this work, the properties of the MCD produced were characterized followed by determining its practical application as an emulsifier in water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion. Two types of MCDs, namely, dicaprylin (C8-DAG) and dicaprin (C10-DAG), were prepared through enzymatic esterification using the following conditions: 5% Novozym® 435, 2.5% deionized water, 60°C for 30 min followed by purification. A single-step molecular distillation (MD) (100–140°C, 0.1 Pa, 300 rpm) was performed and comparison was made to that of a double-step purification with MD followed by silica gel column chromatography technique (MD + SGCC). Crude C8-DAG and C10-DAG with DAG concentration of 41 and 44%, respectively, were obtained via the immobilized enzyme catalyzing reaction. Post-purification via MD, the concentrations of C8-DAG and C10-DAG were increased to 80 and 83%, respectively. Both MCDs had purity of 99% after the MD + SGCC purification step. Although Novozym® 435 is a non-specific lipase, higher ratios of 1,3-DAG to 1,2-DAG were acquired. Via MD, the ratios of 1,3-DAG to 1,2-DAG in C8-DAG and C10-DAG were 5.8:1 and 7.3:1, respectively. MCDs that were purified using MD + SGCC were found to contain 1,3-DAG to 1,2-DAG ratios of 8.8:1 and 9.8:1 in C8-DAG and C10-DAG, respectively. The crystallization and melting peaks were shifted to higher temperature regions as the purity of the MCD was increased. Dense needle-like crystals were observed in MCDs with high purities. Addition of 5% C8-DAG and C10-DAG as emulsifier together in the presence of 9% of hydrogenated soybean oil produced stable W/O emulsion with particle size of 18 and 10 μm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazi Chen
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan Jun Lee
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoying Qiu
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaolin Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Green Synthesis of Decaglycerol Laurates by Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification of Methyl Laurate with Decaglycerol. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/6342475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Decaglycerol laurates have been widely used as emulsifiers in food, medicine, and cosmetic industries for many years. Currently, they are synthesized using alkaline catalysts under stringent conditions. Here, decaglycerol laurates were prepared through a green lipase-catalyzed process, employing the transesterification of methyl laurate with decaglycerol by the immobilized lipase (Novozym 435). Single-factor experiments and orthogonal test were used for reaction optimization. The optimum conditions were obtained as follows: reaction temperature of 65°C, a laurate/decaglycerol molar ratio of 2 : 1, an oscillating speed of 180 rpm, an enzyme dosage (based on amount of methyl laurate) of 8 wt.%, initial water content (based on the total substrate mass) of 5.0 wt.%, and reaction time of 4.5 h with 84.4% conversion of methyl laurate. The transesterification products were identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometer. In addition, the surface activity of decaglycerol laurates was also characterized, and the surface tension of water was reduced to 33 mN·m−1 at a concentration magnitude of 10−5 g/mL.
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8
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Zhao JF, Tao-Wang, Lin JP, Yang LR, Wu MB. Preparation of High-purity 1,3-Diacylglycerol Using Performance-enhanced Lipase Immobilized on Nanosized Magnetite Particles. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-018-0458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Wang B, Zhang M, Ge W, He K, Cheng F. Microencapsulated duck oil diacylglycerol: Preparation and application as anti-obesity agent. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Peng B, Xiong CY, Huang Y, Hu JN, Zhu XM, Deng ZY. Enzymatic Synthesis of Polyglycerol Fatty Acid Esters and Their Application as Emulsion Stabilizers. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8104-8113. [PMID: 29989410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyglycerol ester is considered an excellent kind of food emulsifier. The aim of the current study was to synthesize polyglycerol fatty acid esters (PGFEs) with different-sized long-chain fatty acids (i.e. long-carbon fatty acid polyglycerol esters, L-PGFEs; medium-carbon fatty acid polyglycerol esters, M-PGFEs; and short-carbon fatty acid polyglycerol esters, S-PGFEs), using Lipozyme 435 as a catalyst in a solvent-free system. Thereafter, the physicochemical properties of the newly synthesized PGFEs and their potential applications as food emulsifiers were investigated. The maximum esterification efficiencies of L-PGFEs, M-PGFEs, and S-PGFEs were 69.37, 67.34, and 71.68%, respectively, at the optimum conditions: a reaction temperature of 84.48 °C, a reaction time of 6 h, a molar ratio of polyglycerol to fatty acid of 1.35:1, and 1.41 wt % enzyme usage (based on the total substrate mass). A high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with an evaporative light-scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) and an electrospray-ionization mass spectrometer (ESI-MS) were employed to identify the synthesized products. The results demonstrated that the main components of these PGFEs were dimeric glycerides (68.3%), triglycerides (13.13%), and a small amount of tetraglycerides (3.18%). The properties of the PGFEs were characterized by physical and chemical methods. Compared with M-PGFEs and S-PGFEs, L-PGFEs had the best physicochemical properties without any obvious odor. Further, the emulsion capabilities of these different long-chain PGFEs were evaluated via examining the particle sizes and storage stabilities and comparing them with those of glycerin monostearate (GMS). The results showed that the emulsions prepared with L-PGFEs had the best stability and the smallest particle sizes (16.8 nm) compared with those of M-PGFEs, S-PGFEs, and GMS, and they were not prone to oil-droplet coalescence or the separation of oil and water. From the current study, the newly synthesized PGFEs with long-chain fatty acids showed the best advantages as a food emulsifier compared with M-PGFEs, S-PGFEs, and even glycerin monostearate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - Chao-Yue Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - Yao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - Jiang-Ning Hu
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
- School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Ze-Yuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
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11
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Teixeira DA, da Motta CR, Ribeiro CMS, de Castro AM. A rapid enzyme-catalyzed pretreatment of the acidic oil of macauba (Acrocomia aculeata) for chemoenzymatic biodiesel production. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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12
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Wang Y, Wan FL, Teng YL, Li AJ, Zhang N. Optimization of oligoglycerol fatty acid esters preparation catalyzed by Lipozyme 435. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2015. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.1180142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Wang X, Xiao J, Zou W, Han Z, Jin Q, Wang X. Improved enzymatic synthesis route for highly purified diacid 1,3-diacylglycerols. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Wang J, Wang S, Li Z, Gu S, Wu X, Wu F. Ultrasound irradiation accelerates the lipase-catalyzed synthesis of methyl caffeate in an ionic liquid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Li R, Du W, Lu D, Dai L, Liu D. Study on the enzyme's 1,3-positional specificity during lipozyme TL-mediated biodiesel production. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09432a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Effect of organic solvent on lipase's 1,3-positional specificity from a kinetics study. Effect of water activity on lipase's 1,3-positional specificity from a kinetics study. Molecular dynamics simulation to reveal the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renwang Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Dianlan Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Lingmei Dai
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Dehua Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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16
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Wang X, Han Z, Zou W, Yang W, Jin Q, Wang X. Preparation of 1,3-Diolein by Irreversible Acylation. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-014-2579-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Wang X, Zou W, Sun X, Zhang Y, Wei L, Jin Q, Wang X. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 37:691-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1714-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Martin D, Moran-Valero MI, Vázquez L, Reglero G, Torres CF. Comparative in vitro intestinal digestion of 1,3-diglyceride and 1-monoglyceride rich oils and their mixtures. Food Res Int 2014; 64:603-609. [PMID: 30011694 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal in vitro digestion of 1,3-diolein (DO), 1-monoolein (MO), DO:MO (1:1) rich oils, and triolein (TO), was performed to study the rate and extent of hydrolysis as well as their bioaccessibility in detail, with special emphasis on 1,3-DO and 1-MO forms, as potential bioactive lipids with additional technological functions such as self-emulsifying lipids. The importance of in vitro conditions on non-desirable acylmigration was also shown. The rate of in vitro intestinal lipolysis was in increasing order TO<DO<DO:MO<MO. At the end of digestion, DO:MO was hydrolyzed to absorbable products at the same level than the MO sample. The degree of lipolysis positively correlated with the level of 1-MG and negatively with the level of 2-MG. Either DO, MO or DO:MO produced higher level of 1-MG than TO. DO:MO produced the highest level of 1-MG and a high ratio of 1-MG to 2-MG. Most hydrolysis products (>95%) of DO, MO and DO:MO were found within the micellar phase fraction during digestion, suggesting a high bioaccessibility. A positive correlation between the degree of lipolysis and the number of mixed micelles formed at the end of digestion was found. As summary, the obtained results would enhance the selection of glycerides to formulate ingredients with different purposes. Thus, in case a final high level of 1-MO would be desired to take advantage of the bioactivity of 1-MO, oils under the form of DO or DO:MO might be superior to MO. In case a high 1-MO level together with a low 2-MO level would be desired at the same time, mixtures of DO:MO or MO would be preferred. In case a higher self-emulsifying ability would be desired, the preferred forms would be MO and DO:MO. Finally, in case all the potential functionalities would be desired at the same time, namely the highest bioactivity, together with a high self-emulsifying ability, the mixture DO:MO might be suggested as an interesting product, with the additional economical advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Martin
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria I Moran-Valero
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Vázquez
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos F Torres
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Zheng MM, Huang Q, Huang FH, Guo PM, Xiang X, Deng QC, Li WL, Wan CY, Zheng C. Production of novel "functional oil" rich in diglycerides and phytosterol esters with "one-pot" enzymatic transesterification. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5142-5148. [PMID: 24815553 DOI: 10.1021/jf500744n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Diglycerides and phytosterol esters are two important functional lipids. Phytosterol esters mixed with dietary diglyceride could not only influence body weight but also prevent or reverse insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia. In this study, a kind of novel "functional oil" rich in both diglycerides and phytosterol esters was prepared with "one-pot" enzymatic transesterification. First, lipase AYS (Candida rugosa) was immobilized on the porous cross-linked polystyrene resin beads (NKA) via hydrophobic interaction. The resulting immobilized AYS showed much better transesterification activity and thermal stability to freeways. On the basis of the excellent biocatalyst prepared, a method for high-efficiency enzymatic esterification of phytosterols with different triglycerides to produce corresponding functional oils rich in both diglycerides and phytosterol esters was developed. Four functional oils rich in both diglycerides and phytosterol esters with conversions >92.1% and controllable fatty acid composition were obtained under the optimized conditions: 80 mmol/L phytosterols, 160 mmol/L triglycerides, and 25 mg/mL AYS@NKA at 180 rpm and 50 °C for 12 h in hexane. The prepared functional oil possessed low acid value (≤1.0 mgKOH/g), peroxide value (≤2.1 mmol/kg), and conjugated diene value (≤1.96 mmol/kg) and high diglyceride and phytosterol ester contents (≥10.4 and ≥20.2%, respectively). All of the characteristics favored the wide application of the functional oil in different fields of functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Zheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Oilcrops Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
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Zhou Y, Jin Q, Gao Z, Guo H, Zhang H, Zhou X. Asymmetric organic carbonate synthesis catalyzed by an enzyme with dimethyl carbonate: a fruitful sustainable alliance. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43698e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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