1
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Lima PJM, da Silva RM, Neto CACG, Gomes E Silva NC, Souza JEDS, Nunes YL, Sousa Dos Santos JC. An overview on the conversion of glycerol to value-added industrial products via chemical and biochemical routes. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:2794-2818. [PMID: 33481298 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol is a common by-product of industrial biodiesel syntheses. Due to its properties, availability, and versatility, residual glycerol can be used as a raw material in the production of high value-added industrial inputs and outputs. In particular, products like hydrogen, propylene glycol, acrolein, epichlorohydrin, dioxalane and dioxane, glycerol carbonate, n-butanol, citric acid, ethanol, butanol, propionic acid, (mono-, di-, and triacylglycerols), cynamoil esters, glycerol acetate, benzoic acid, and other applications. In this context, the present study presents a critical evaluation of the innovative technologies based on the use of residual glycerol in different industries, including the pharmaceutical, textile, food, cosmetic, and energy sectors. Chemical and biochemical catalysts in the transformation of residual glycerol are explored, along with the factors to be considered regarding the choice of catalyst route used in the conversion process, aiming at improving the production of these industrial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Jéssyca Morais Lima
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rhonyele Maciel da Silva
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Natan Câmara Gomes E Silva
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - José Erick da Silva Souza
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável - IEDS, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção, CE, Brazil
| | - Yale Luck Nunes
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - José Cleiton Sousa Dos Santos
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável - IEDS, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção, CE, Brazil
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2
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Singh R, Dien BS, Singh V. Solvent‐free enzymatic esterification of free fatty acids with glycerol for biodiesel application: Optimized using the Taguchi experimental method. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramkrishna Singh
- Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois USA
| | - Bruce S. Dien
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research Bioenergy Research Unit, 1815 N University Peoria Illinois USA
| | - Vijay Singh
- Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois USA
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3
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Improved Productivity of Naringin Oleate with Flavonoid and Fatty Acid by Efficient Enzymatic Esterification. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020242. [PMID: 35204125 PMCID: PMC8868195 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringin is a flavonoid found in citrus fruits. It exhibits biological activities, such as anticancer and antioxidant effects, but it suffers from low solubility and low stability in lipophilic systems. These drawbacks lead to difficulties in the commercial application of naringin, but they can be overcome through esterification. In this study, naringin oleate was synthesized by enzymatic esterification and optimal conditions for the reaction were investigated. Experiments were conducted focusing on the following parameters: enzyme type, enzyme concentration, molar ratio of naringin to oleic acid, reaction temperature, and reaction solvent. We further confirmed the degree of esterification based on the difference in the initial and the final naringin concentrations. A conversion of 93.10% was obtained under optimized conditions (Lipozyme TL IM 10 g/L, molar ratio 1:20, reaction temperature 40 °C, acetonitrile as solvent, and 48 h reaction time). Thus, naringin oleate, a high value-added material that overcomes the low hydrophobicity of naringin and enhances its performance, was obtained through esterification of naringin using oleic acid. This study presented a method for the efficient enzymatic synthesis that could ensure high conversion within a shorter reaction time compared with that required in previously reported methods.
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4
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Vilas Bôas RN, Lima R, Silva MVC, Freitas L, Aguiar LG, de Castro HF. Continuous production of monoacylglycerol via glycerolysis of babassu oil by immobilized Burkholderia cepacia lipase in a packed bed reactor. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2205-2215. [PMID: 34089091 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02596-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the glycerolysis of babassu oil by Burkholderia cepacia lipase immobilized on SiO2-PVA particles in a continuous packed bed reactor. Experiments were conducted in a solvent-free system at 273.15 K either in an inert atmosphere or in the presence of cocoa butter to prevent lipid oxidation. The reactor (15 × 55 mm) was run at a fixed space time of 9.8 h using different molar ratios of babassu oil to glycerol (1:3, 1:6, 1:9, 1:12, and 1:15) to assess the effects of reactant molar ratio on monoacylglycerol productivity and selectivity. Nitrogen atmosphere and cocoa butter were equally effective in inhibiting lipid oxidation, indicating that addition of cocoa butter to glycerolysis reactions may be an interesting cost-reduction strategy. An oil/glycerol molar ratio of 1:9 resulted in the highest productivity (52.3 ± 2.9 mg g-1 h-1) and selectivity (31.5 ± 1.8%). Residence time distribution data were fitted to an axial dispersion model for closed-vessel boundary conditions, giving a mass transfer coefficient (kc) of 3.4229 × 10-6 m s-1. A kinetic model based on elementary steps of the studied reaction was written in Scilab and compared with experimental data, providing standard deviations in the range of 5.5-7.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata N Vilas Bôas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering of Lorena, University of São Paulo (USP), 12.602-810, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rosemar Lima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering of Lorena, University of São Paulo (USP), 12.602-810, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Mateus V C Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering of Lorena, University of São Paulo (USP), 12.602-810, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Freitas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering of Lorena, University of São Paulo (USP), 12.602-810, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro G Aguiar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering of Lorena, University of São Paulo (USP), 12.602-810, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Heizir F de Castro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering of Lorena, University of São Paulo (USP), 12.602-810, Lorena, SP, Brazil
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5
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Effects of enzymatic free fatty acid reduction process on the composition and phytochemicals of rice bran oil. Food Chem 2020; 337:127757. [PMID: 32791430 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of enzymatic free fatty acid reduction process (EFFARP) on the composition and phytochemicals of dewaxed and degummed rice bran oil (DDRBO) were investigated and compared with the effects observed using internal acyl acceptors. The acid value of DDRBO was effectively decreased from 16.99 mg KOH/g to approximately 0.36 mg KOH/g by EFFARP. EFFARP significantly decreased the moisture content and peroxide value of DDRBO and increased the induction period. The Sn-2 fatty acid comoposition of DDRBO after EFFARP was very reaching the total fatty acid composition. EFFARP significantly increased the triacylglycerol content compared to the control, while the oryzanol content was not obviously affected. The contents of free sterol, and total tocopherol and tocotrienol were increased slightly by EFFARP compared to the control. When conducted under vacuum with added nitrogen, EFFARP shows great application potential in the edible oil industry.
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6
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Hosney H, Al-Sakkari EG, Mustafa A. Kinetics and Gibbs Function Studies on Lipase-Catalyzed Production of Non-Phthalate Plasticizer. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:727-735. [PMID: 32612022 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Petroleum based phthalate plasticizers encounter enormous claims to prohibit their production due to their harmful health impacts when they are mixed with plastics. That is why efforts are being done to find safer natural alternatives. We have investigated the reaction kinetics of the esterification epoxidation of oleic acid and 2-ethylhexanol in the presence of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed using Candida antarctica lipase (Novozym 435, Novozymes, Kobenhavn, Denmark). The product of this reaction is epoxidized 2-ethylhexyl oleate, a non-phthalate green plasticizer. The kinetic model for this reaction follows a multi-substrate PingPong Bi-Bi mechanism with competitive inhibition by the alcohol. The reaction's kinetic parameters were found to be 0.76 M, 0.37 M, 0.08 M, and 37.20 mM/min for Michalis-Menten constant for oleic acid (Kmo), Michalis-Menten constant for alcohol (Kma), alcohol inhibition constant (Kia), and maximum reaction velocity (Vmax), respectively. Then the Gibbs function analysis of the transition state based on the Arrhenius and Eyring equations was carried out. The internal diffusional limitations were found to be negligible as the effectiveness factor took the value of almost unity. While the external mass transfer resistance had no effect on the reaction due to operating at relatively high agitation speed and high temperature. This investigation confirms that this reaction was only kinetically controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Hosney
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University.,Environmental Engineering program, Zewail City of Science and Technology
| | | | - Ahmad Mustafa
- Faculty of Engineering, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA).,Center of Excellence, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)
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7
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Abd Razak NN, Pérès Y, Gew LT, Cognet P, Aroua MK. Effect of Reaction Medium Mixture on the Lipase Catalyzed Synthesis of Diacylglycerol. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Nadiah Abd Razak
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, 31006, France
| | - Yolande Pérès
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, 31006, France
| | - Lai Ti Gew
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Patrick Cognet
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, 31006, France
| | - Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
- Centre for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Utilization (CCDCU), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
- Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
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8
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Hosney H, Mustafa A. Semi-continuous Production of 2-Ethyl Hexyl Ester in a Packed Bed Reactor: Optimization and Economic Evaluation. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:31-41. [PMID: 31902893 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess19229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the technical as well as the economic feasibility of producing 2-ethyl hexyl oleate (2-EHO), a non-phthalate plasticizer in a solvent free medium. The esterification reaction between oleic acid and 2-ethyl hexyl alcohol was carried out in a packed bed reactor (PBR) using Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozym 435; Novozymes; Copenhagen-Denmark) as biocatalyst. RSM was employed to optimize the esterification reaction conditions. The optimum reaction conditions were found to be flow rate of 1.5 mL/min, No. of cycles of 12 and molar ratio of 4:1 2-ethyl hexanol to oleic acid. The maximum experimental and predicated conversions were found to be 95.8% and 95.61% respectively. Formation of 2-EHO was approved by FTIR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR. From the economic prospective, PBR was capable of producing 2-EHO with a purity of more than 94% over 480 h without remarkable reduction of enzyme activity. This revealed an economic production of 2-EHO at a yield of 2 tons kg-1 lipase. The manufacturing cost was found to be $ 1.88 /kg 2-EHO, this contributed to a profit of about 30% compared to the commercial price of 2-EHO. Such results approve the technical and economic feasibility for this sustainable method in esters production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Hosney
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University.,Environmental Engineering program, Zewail City of Science and Technology
| | - Ahmad Mustafa
- Faculty of Engineering, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts.,Centre of Excellence, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts
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9
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Application of Different Methodologies to Produce Fatty Acid Esters Using the Waste Chicken Fat Catalyzed by Free NS 40116 Lipase. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2018.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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10
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Rahman INA, Wahab RA, Mahat NA, Jamalis J, Huri MAM, Kurniawan C. Ternary Blended Chitosan/Chitin/ $$\hbox {FE}_{3}\hbox {O}_{4}$$ FE 3 O 4 Nanosupport for Lipase Activation and Stabilization. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-03771-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Giménez T, Mula D, Gea-Botella S, Martínez-Madrid MC, Martí N, Valero M, Saura D. Lipase catalyzed deacidification of tocopherol-rich distillates obtained from natural Vitamin E sources. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Rahman INA, Attan N, Mahat NA, Jamalis J, Abdul Keyon AS, Kurniawan C, Wahab RA. Statistical optimization and operational stability of Rhizomucor miehei lipase supported on magnetic chitosan/chitin nanoparticles for synthesis of pentyl valerate. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:680-695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Manan FMA, Attan N, Zakaria Z, Keyon ASA, Wahab RA. Enzymatic esterification of eugenol and benzoic acid by a novel chitosan-chitin nanowhiskers supported Rhizomucor miehei lipase: Process optimization and kinetic assessments. Enzyme Microb Technol 2018; 108:42-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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14
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Sarmah N, Revathi D, Sheelu G, Yamuna Rani K, Sridhar S, Mehtab V, Sumana C. Recent advances on sources and industrial applications of lipases. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 34:5-28. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nipon Sarmah
- Chemical Engineering Div.; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Chennai 600 113 India
| | - D. Revathi
- Chemical Engineering Div.; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - G. Sheelu
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Div.; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - K. Yamuna Rani
- Chemical Engineering Div.; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - S. Sridhar
- Chemical Engineering Div.; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - V. Mehtab
- Chemical Engineering Div.; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - C. Sumana
- Chemical Engineering Div.; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Chennai 600 113 India
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15
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Yadav MG, Kavadia MR, Vadgama RN, Odaneth AA, Lali AM. Green enzymatic production of glyceryl monoundecylenate using immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:1050-1058. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1381621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manish G. Yadav
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Monali R. Kavadia
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Annamma A. Odaneth
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Arvind M. Lali
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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16
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Yazdi ZK, Alemzadeh I. Kinetic mechanism of conjugated linoleic acid esterification and production of enriched glycerides as functional oil. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kouchak Yazdi
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department; Sharif University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Iran Alemzadeh
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department; Sharif University of Technology; Tehran Iran
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17
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Kołodziejska R, Studzińska R. Reverse Stereoselectivity in the Lipase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Diacetylated Pyrimidine Acyclonucleosides. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kołodziejska
- Department of Biochemistry; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń; Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; Karłowicza 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Renata Studzińska
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń; Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz; Jurasza 2 85-089 Bydgoszcz Poland
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18
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Simsek V, Degirmenci L, Murtezaoglu K. Esterification of Lauric Acid with Glycerol in the Presence of STA/MCM-41 Catalysts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2015-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Esterification reaction between glycerol and lauric acid in the presence of STA/MCM-41 and H2SO4 catalysts indicated that the activity of synthesized catalyst had been comparable to H2SO4. On the other hand, only di glyceride formation instead of favored mono glyceride has been observed with H2SO4 which had rendered the use of heterogeneous STA/MCM-41 catalyst preferable. Temperature had a decreasing effect on lauric acid conversion due to competitive adsorption of water on catalyst structure. The high mono glyceride selectivity obtained in favor of the desired product was due to shape selectivity of the catalyst. High glycerol amount in feed ratio resulted in deformation of long range order of the catalyst structure and hence a decrease in mono glyceride selectivity. Experiments conducted in identical conditions in the presence of recovered catalysts showed a decrease in lauric acid conversion which had been due to loss of STA from catalyst structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veli Simsek
- Chemical and Process Engineering Department, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Gulumbe Campus, 11210 Bilecik/ Turkey
| | - Levent Degirmenci
- Chemical and Process Engineering Department, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Gulumbe Campus, 11210 Bilecik/ Turkey
| | - Kırali Murtezaoglu
- Chemical Engineering Department, Gazi University, Maltepe, 06570, Ankara, Turkey
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19
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von der Haar D, Gofferjé G, Stäbler A, Wichmann R, Herfellner T. Kinetics of lipase-catalyzed de-acidification of degummed rapeseed oil utilizing monoacylglycerol as acyl-group acceptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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The centrifugal partition reactor, a novel intensified continuous reactor for liquid–liquid enzymatic reactions. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Chowdhury A, Mitra D. A kinetic study on the Novozyme 435-catalyzed esterification of free fatty acids with octanol to produce octyl esters. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:1494-9. [PMID: 26334440 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Octyl esters can serve as an important class of biolubricant components replacing their mineral oil counterparts. The purpose of the current work was to investigate the enzymatic esterification reaction of free fatty acids (FFA, from waste cooking oil) with octanol in a solvent-free system using a commercial lipase Novozyme 435. It was found that the esterificaton reaction followed the Ping-pong bi-bi kinetics with no inhibition by substrates or products within the studied concentration range. The maximum reaction rate was estimated to be 0.041 mol L(-1) g(-1) h(-1) . Additionally, the stability of Novozyme 435 in the current reaction system was studied by determining its activity and final conversion of FFA to esters after 12 successive utilizations. Novozyme 435 exhibited almost 100% enzyme activity up to 7 cycles of reaction and gradually decreased (by 5%) thereafter. The kinetic parameters evaluated from the study shall assist in the design of reactors for large-scale production of octyl esters from a cheap biomass source. The enzyme reusability data can further facilitate mass production by curtailing the cost of expensive enzyme consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisha Chowdhury
- Dept. of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Debarati Mitra
- Dept. of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
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