1
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Xie X, Huang R, Zhang W, Zhang R. Cofactor-dependence alteration of 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: Enhancing one-pot synthesis efficiency of chenodeoxycholic acid to ursodeoxycholic acid through cofactor self-recycling. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:136328. [PMID: 39378924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2024] [Revised: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
NAD+-dependent 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-HSDH) and NADPH-dependent 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7β-HSDH) are involved in the biosynthesis of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). To realize the one-pot synthesis of CDCA to UDCA through NAD+-NADH cycling, we aimed to improve the binding ability of Hyphomicrobium sp. 7β-HSDH to NADH. The 7β-HSDH structure was modeled and some potential residues to improve NADH affinity near conserved cofactor binding regions were screened, including Ala22, Gln23, Asn24, Asp44, Leu45, and Asn46. The dominant mutant A22T/Q23E/L45A/N46E significantly enhanced the binding affinity for NADH, resulting in a 44.9-fold increase in its kcat/Km value. It increased enzymatic activity by 65.2-fold and catalyzed the synthesis of UDCA at a yield of 77.6 % with 5 g/L 7K-LCA and 12.5 mM NADH. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated increased interactions of mutated 7β-HSDH and the ligand NADH by their spatially reduced binding distance and reaction energy. The modified cofactor-dependence of 7β-HSDH realized efficient one-pot synthesis of CDCA to UDCA through strengthening cofactor-recycling and reducing the use of cofactor, achieving 90.1 % UDCA yield and 54.1 g/L/d spatiotemporal yield when coupled with 7α-HSDH with only 0.5 mM NAD+ as coenzyme. This work also supplies a universal cofactor-dependence engineering technique for homologous HSDH enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiubing Xie
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Runyi Huang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenchi Zhang
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rongzhen Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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2
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Biotransformation of testosterone by the filamentous fungus Penicillium pinophilum. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:570. [PMID: 35994127 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The microbial biotransformation is a robust procedure in developing steroids and fungi are practical tools in this process; therefore, the fungal modification of testosterone by Penicillium pinophilum was investigated. The three prominent metabolites, including 14α-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3,17-dione (II), 14α-hydroxytestosterone (III), and 11α-hydroxytestosterone (IV), were isolated and characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The time course profile showed that the content of the metabolites II and III began to decrease after 96 and 24 h, respectively. In comparison, the content of the metabolite IV remained stable after 24 h. In silico studies showed that the probability of binding to the androgen receptor remains high for all three metabolites. However, the probability of binding to the estrogen receptors α and β increased for metabolite IV but decreased for metabolite III. Penicillium pinophilum as a potentially viable biocatalyst could hydroxylate C-11α and C-14α positions and oxidize the C-17β hydroxyl group to 17-ketone in testosterone molecule.
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3
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Hydroxylation of Progesterone and Its Derivatives by the Entomopathogenic Strain Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137015. [PMID: 35806021 PMCID: PMC9266320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Progesterone biotransformation is worth studying because of the high industrial value of its derivatives. This study investigated the catalytic ability of the entomopathogenic filamentous fungus strain Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1 to transform progesterone derivatives: 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, 16α,17α-epoxyprogesterone and pregnenolone. In the culture of Isaria farinosa KCh KW1.1, 11α-hydroxyprogesterone was effectively transformed into only one product: 6β,11α-dihydroxyprogesterone. Transformation of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone gave three hydroxy derivatives: 6β,17α-dihydroxyprogesterone, 12β,17α-dihydroxyprogesterone and 6β,12β,17α-trihydroxyprogesterone. Two products: 6β-hydroxy-16α,17α-epoxyprogesterone and 6β,11α-dihydroxy-16α,17α-epoxyprogesterone, were obtained from the 16α,17α-epoxyprogesterone transformation. We isolated two compounds from the biotransformation medium with pregnenolone: 11α-hydroxy-7-oxopregnenolone and 5α,6α-epoxy-3β,11α-dihydroxypregnan-7,20-dione. In this study, we observed only mono- and dihydroxy derivatives of the tested substrates, and the number of obtained products for each biotransformation did not exceed three.
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4
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Liu M, Jiang H, An Y, Lin Y, Gao B. Ultrasonic Cell Grinder Extraction of Cyperenoic Acid from
Crotonis Crassifolii
Radix and the Activity Assay of the Extract. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- College of Physical Education and Training Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Hailong Jiang
- Qilu University of Technology Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instrument of Shandong Province Analysis and Test Centre Jinan Shandong Province 250014 P. R. China
| | - Yide An
- Tianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Yunliang Lin
- Qilu University of Technology Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instrument of Shandong Province Analysis and Test Centre Jinan Shandong Province 250014 P. R. China
| | - Binghong Gao
- College of Physical Education and Training Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
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5
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He P, Li H, Sun J, Zhang X, Gong J, Shi J, Xu Z. Identification of a fungal cytochrome P450 with steroid two-step ordered selective hydroxylation characteristics in Colletotrichum lini. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 220:106096. [PMID: 35301115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Microbial hydroxylation reaction has greatly enriched the number of steroids and created many meaningful new compounds. The dihydroxylation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by filamentous fungi produces an important product 3β,7α,15α-trihydroxy-5-androstene-17-one (7α,15α-diOH-DHEA), which can be used as a key intermediate for the synthesis of contraceptive drospirenone. The introduction of microbial hydroxylation reaction reduces the traditional chemical synthesis process by 4 steps and greatly improves the productivity and economic efficiency. Colletotrichum lini is an industrial strain producing 7α,15α-diOH-DHEA, but the related cytochrome P450 that plays hydroxylation effect has not yet been discovered. In this work, a combination of quantitative proteomics, qRT-PCR, and functional expression in Pichia pastoris was used to identify highly induced steroid hydroxylase from Colletotrichum lini ST-1. A novel fungal cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CYP68JX was identified. The biotransformation in recombinant yeast confirmed that the cytochrome P450 has steroid C7α and C15α hydroxylase activities. The hydroxylation of DHEA by CYP68JX is an ordered reaction, proceeding from the C7 to the C15 site of the steroidal nucleus. The cloning and identification of the CYP68JX gene provide useful information for deepening the understanding regarding the structural basis of its regional and stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Jin Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jinsong Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jinsong Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhenghong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
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6
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Pereira dos Santos VH, Coelho Neto DM, Lacerda Júnior V, Borges WDS, de Oliveira Silva E. Fungal Biotransformation: An Efficient Approach for Stereoselective Chemical Reactions. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999201111203506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is great interest in developing chemical technologies to achieve regioselective
and stereoselective reactions since only one enantiomer is required for producing the
chiral leads for drug development. These selective reactions are provided by traditional
chemical synthetic methods, even under expensive catalysts and long reaction times. Filamentous
fungi are efficient biocatalysts capable of catalyzing a wide variety of reactions with
significant contributions to the development of clean and selective processes. Although some
enzymes have already been employed in isolated forms or as crude protein extracts as catalysts
for conducting selective reactions, the use of whole-cell provides advantages regarding
cofactor regenerations. It is also possible to carry out conversions at chemically unreactive
positions and to perform racemic resolution through microbial transformation. The current
literature contains several reports on the biotransformation of different compounds by fungi, which generated chemical
analogs with high selectivity, using mild and eco-friendly conditions. Prompted by the enormous pharmacological
interest in the development of stereoselective chemical technologies, this review covers the biotransformations catalyzed
by fungi that yielded chiral products with enantiomeric excesses published over the period 2010-2020. This
work highlights new approaches for the achievement of a variety of bioactive chiral building blocks, which can be a
good starting point for the synthesis of new compounds combining biotransformation and synthetic organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eliane de Oliveira Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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Li H, Wu Y, Liu W, Zhang XM, Gong JS, Shi JS, Xu ZH. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of Colletotrichum lini reveals ethanol induced mechanism for enhancing dihydroxylation efficiency of DHEA. J Proteomics 2020; 224:103851. [PMID: 32485395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Colletotrichum lini is used as an industrial stain for the dihydroxylation of steroid compound dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to biosynthesize 3β,7α,15α-trihydroxy-5-androstene-17-one (7α,15α-diOH-DHEA), a key intermediate of the most popular oral contraceptive "Yasmin". This work aimed to enhance 7α,15α-diOH-DHEA production in C. lini CGMCC 6051 through ethanol induction. With 0.6% (v/v) ethanol induction and 10 g/L DHEA concentration, the 7α,15α-diOH-DHEA molar yield reached 58.8%, which was increased by 67.5% than that of the control. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis was applied to explore the probable molecular mechanism of C. lini response to ethanol induction. A total of 50 differential expressed proteins was affected by ethanol induction, and could be related to multiple metabolic pathways. Most of differently expressed proteins were functionally mapped into pathways of transport, steroids metabolism, or redox reaction. Other proteins for energy, transcription and translation, and carbohydrate metabolism might have important roles in the cellular response to ethanol induction. In addition, the levels of cytochrome P450 and NAD(P)H-cytochrome P450 reductase were remarkably higher under ethanol induction, and their functions on DHEA dihydroxylation were first proposed in C. lini. Our results provide critical clues in revealing the dihydroxylation mechanism and are important for efficient microbiological hydroxylation of steroidal compounds in the future. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: iTRAQ strategy was first used to compare the proteomes of ethanol induction during the dihydroxylation reaction by Colletotrichum lini CGMCC 6051. The changes in protein provided a comprehensive overview of DHEA dihydroxylation in C. lini, including the proteins for steroids metabolism, redox reaction, transport, transcription and translation, energy and carbohydrate metabolism. Cytochrome P450, NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase, and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase were highlighted due to their outstanding contribution to DHEA dihydroxylation. The results help us understand the molecular mechanism underlying ethanol induction in C. lini and would guide strain engineering to further improve dihydroxylation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yan Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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8
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Cano-Flores A, Gómez J, S. Escalona-Torres I, Velasco-Bejarano B. Microorganisms as Biocatalysts and Enzyme Sources. Microorganisms 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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9
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Zoghi M, Gandomkar S, Habibi Z. Biotransformation of progesterone and testosterone enanthate by Circinella muscae. Steroids 2019; 151:108446. [PMID: 31302114 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the biotransformation of progesterone (1) and testosterone enanthate (5) using the whole cells of Circinella muscae was investigated for the first time. Microbial transformation of 1 with C. muscae afforded three known metabolites including 9α-hydroxyprogesterone (2), 14α-hydroxyprogesterone (3) and 6β,14α dihydroxyprogesterone (4) after 6 days of incubation at 26 °C. The biotransformation of 5 with C. muscae yielded a new metabolite; 8β,14α-dihydroxytestosterone (8), in addition to two known metabolites; 6β-hydroxytestosterone (6), and 9α-hydroxytestosterone (7). The structure of the metabolites were established on the basis of spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Zoghi
- Department of Pure Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G.C, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Gandomkar
- Department of Pure Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G.C, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Habibi
- Department of Pure Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G.C, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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An X, Gao P, Zhao S, Zhu L, You X, Li C, Zhang Q, Shan L. Biotransformation of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione by three fungal species Fusarium solani BH1031, Aspergillus awamori MH18 and Mucor circinelloides W12. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:428-435. [PMID: 31429310 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1636238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The microbial transformation of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (4-AD; I) by three fungal species, involved Fusarium solani BH1031, Aspergillus awamori MH18 and Mucor circinelloides W12, has been studied. The latter two fungi were studied for the first time on biotransformation of 4-AD. The main product obtained by Fusarium solani BH1031 was 17α-oxa-D-homo-androst-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (testolactone; IV), which can be used as an anticancer agent. The main derivative yielded by Aspergillus awamori MH18 was 11α-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione (11α-OH-4-AD; VI), which was an important intermediate to produce Eplerenone. Meanwhile, the microbial transformation of 4-AD by Mucor circinelloides W12 produced three derivatives. Possible metabolic pathway of 4-AD via Fusarium solani BH1031 was proposed. Furthermore, the optimization for the production of 11α-OH-4-AD was carried out and the conversion rate reached to 84.0%. In this process, the dextrin and corn flour showed significant effects by response surface analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University.,Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Peipei Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University.,Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Shasha Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University.,Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University.,Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xueting You
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University.,Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Congyu Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Qiurong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University.,Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lihong Shan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University.,Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, PR China
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11
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Zhang R, Xu X, Cao H, Yuan C, Yuminaga Y, Zhao S, Shi J, Zhang B. Purification, characterization, and application of a high activity 3-ketosteroid-Δ1-dehydrogenase from Mycobacterium neoaurum DSM 1381. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6605-6616. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09988-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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12
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Yildirim K, Kuru A, Küçükbaşol E. Microbial transformation of androstenedione by Cladosporium sphaerospermum and Ulocladium chartarum. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2019.1604690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kudret Yildirim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ali Kuru
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Eda Küçükbaşol
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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13
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Nickavar B, Vahidi H, Eslami M. An efficient biotransformation of progesterone into 11α-hydroxyprogesterone by Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus. Z NATURFORSCH C 2018; 74:9-15. [PMID: 30367812 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2018-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus is a fungus that belongs to the Mucoraceae family that is used for the preparation of some soy-fermented foods. Microbial biotransformation of progesterone by R. microsporus var. oligosporus afforded some monohydroxylated and dihydroxylated metabolites. The main product was purified using chromatographic methods and identified as 11α-hydroxyprogesterone on the basis of its spectroscopic features. Time course studies by high-performance thin-layer chromatography demonstrated that this fungi efficiently hydroxylated progesterone at the 11α-position for 3 days with a yield of 76.48%, but beyond this time, the microorganism transformed 11α-hydroxyprogesterone into dihydroxylated metabolites. 11α-Hydroxyprogesterone is widely used as a precursor in the synthesis of hydrocortisone and other steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Nickavar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran, Phone: +98-21-88200064, Fax: +98-21-88665250, E-mail:
| | - Hossein Vahidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Eslami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Al-Aboudi A, Kana'an BM, Zarga MA, Bano S, Javed K, Choudhary MI. Fungal biotransformation of diuretic and antihypertensive drug spironolactone with Gibberella fujikuroi, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium lini, and Aspergillus alliaceus. Steroids 2017; 128:15-22. [PMID: 29037584 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Derivatives of spironolactone (1), a diuretic and antihypertensive drug, were synthesized by using fungal cells for the first time. Ten different fungi were screened for their ability to biotransform 1, four of which were able to produce metabolites 2-8. Gibberella fujikuroi produced canrenone (2), 1-dehydrocanrenone (3), Curvularia lunuta provided compound 2, and 7α-thio-spironolactone (4), Fusarium lini yielded compounds 2, 3, 1β-hydroxycanrenone (5), 1α-hydroxycanrenone (6), 1-dehydro-15α-hydroxycanrenone (7), and 15α-hydroxycanrenone (8), while Aspergillus alliaceus was able to produce all the seven metabolites. Metabolites 5, 6, and 7 were identified as new compounds. Their structures were elucidated by using different spectroscopic techniques. Substrate 1 and its metabolites 2, 3, and 5-8 were also evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro. Substrate 1 was found to be strongly active with IC50 = 335 ± 4.3 μM as compared to the standard drug acarbose IC50 = 840 ± 1.73 μM, whereas all of resulting metabolites were found to be inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Al-Aboudi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Belal Muneeb Kana'an
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Musa Abu Zarga
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Saira Bano
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Kulsoom Javed
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - M Iqbal Choudhary
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21412, Saudi Arabia.
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15
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Gao Q, Qiao Y, Shen Y, Wang M, Wang X, Liu Y. Screening for strains with 11α-hydroxylase activity for 17α-hydroxy progesterone biotransformation. Steroids 2017; 124:67-71. [PMID: 28533033 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Various corticosteroids are prepared by using 11α,17α-diOH-progesterone (11α,17α-diOH-PROG) as an important intermediate and raw material. Hence, strains that can improve the yields of 11α,17α-diOH-PROG should be screened. Cunninghamella elegans CICC40250 was singled out from five common 11α hydroxylation strains. The reaction parameters of 11α,17α-diOH-PROG production were also investigated. C. elegans CICC40250 could efficiently catalyze the hydroxylation of 17α-hydroxy progesterone (17α-OH-PROG) at C-11α position. This strain could also effectively convert 11α,17α-diOH-PROG at high substrate concentrations (up to 30g/L). After the coenzyme precursor glucose was added, the rate of 11α,17α-diOH-PROG formation reached 84.2%, which was 11.4% higher than that of the control group. Our study established a simple and feasible mechanism to increase 11α,17α-diOH-PROG production levels. This mechanism involves C. elegans CICC40250 that can be efficiently applied to induce the biotransformation of 17α-OH-PROG with a hydroxylation biocatalytic ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqian Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
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Chen Y, Tian JL, Wu JS, Sun TM, Zhou LN, Song SJ, You S. Biotransfomation of cyperenoic acid by Cunninghamella elegans AS 3.2028 and the potent anti-angiogenic activities of its metabolites. Fitoterapia 2017; 118:32-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mascotti ML, Palazzolo MA, Bisogno FR, Kurina-Sanz M. Biotransformation of dehydro-epi-androsterone by Aspergillus parasiticus: Metabolic evidences of BVMO activity. Steroids 2016; 109:44-9. [PMID: 27025973 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The research on the synthesis of steroids and its derivatives is of high interest due to their clinical applications. A particular focus is given to molecules bearing a D-ring lactone like testolactone because of its bioactivity. The Aspergillus genus has been used to perform steroid biotransformations since it offers a toolbox of redox enzymes. In this work, the use of growing cells of Aspergillus parasiticus to study the bioconversion of dehydro-epi-androsterone (DHEA) is described, emphasizing the metabolic steps leading to D-ring lactonization products. It was observed that A. parasiticus is not only capable of transforming bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one, the standard Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) substrate, but also yielded testololactone and the homo-lactone 3β-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homoandrost-5-en-17-one from DHEA. Moreover, the biocatalyst degraded the lateral chain of cortisone by an oxidative route suggesting the action of a BVMO, thus providing enough metabolic evidences denoting the presence of BVMO activity in A. parasiticus. Furthermore, since excellent biotransformation rates were observed, A. parasiticus is a promising candidate for the production of bioactive lactone-based compounds of steroidal origin in larger scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Laura Mascotti
- Area de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, INTEQUI-CONICET, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Martín A Palazzolo
- Area de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, INTEQUI-CONICET, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Fabricio R Bisogno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, INFIQC-CONICET, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Marcela Kurina-Sanz
- Area de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, INTEQUI-CONICET, San Luis 5700, Argentina.
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