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Briganti L, Manzine LR, de Mello Capetti CC, de Araújo EA, de Oliveira Arnoldi Pellegrini V, Guimaraes FEG, de Oliveira Neto M, Polikarpov I. Unravelling biochemical and structural features of Bacillus licheniformis GH5 mannanase using site-directed mutagenesis and high-resolution protein crystallography studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133182. [PMID: 38885857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5) encompasses enzymes with several different activities, including endo-1,4-β-mannosidases. These enzymes are involved in mannan degradation, and have a number of biotechnological applications, such as mannooligosaccharide prebiotics production, stain removal and dyes decolorization, to name a few. Despite the importance of GH5 enzymes, only a few members of subfamily 7 were structurally characterized. In the present work, biochemical and structural characterization of Bacillus licheniformis GH5 mannanase, BlMan5_7 were performed and the enzyme cleavage pattern was analyzed, showing that BlMan5_7 requires at least 5 occupied subsites to perform efficient hydrolysis. Additionally, crystallographic structure at 1.3 Å resolution was determined and mannoheptaose (M7) was docked into the active site to investigate the interactions between substrate and enzyme through molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, revealing the existence of a - 4 subsite, which might explain the generation of mannotetraose (M4) as an enzyme product. Biotechnological application of the enzyme in stain removal was investigated, demonstrating that BlMan5_7 addition to washing solution greatly improves mannan-based stain elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Briganti
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400 - Centro, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Livia R Manzine
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400 - Centro, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Caio Cesar de Mello Capetti
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400 - Centro, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Evandro Ares de Araújo
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Eduardo Gontijo Guimaraes
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400 - Centro, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Mario de Oliveira Neto
- Departamento de Física e Biofísica, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Jr. s/n, Botucatu 18618-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400 - Centro, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil.
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Wang P, Pei X, Zhou W, Zhao Y, Gu P, Li Y, Gao J. Research and application progress of microbial β-mannanases: a mini-review. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:169. [PMID: 38630389 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Mannan is a predominant constituent of cork hemicellulose and is widely distributed in various plant tissues. β-Mannanase is the principal mannan-degrading enzyme, which breaks down the β-1,4-linked mannosidic bonds in mannans in an endo-acting manner. Microorganisms are a valuable source of β-mannanase, which exhibits catalytic activity in a wide range of pH and temperature, making it highly versatile and applicable in pharmaceuticals, feed, paper pulping, biorefinery, and other industries. Here, the origin, classification, enzymatic properties, molecular modification, immobilization, and practical applications of microbial β-mannanases are reviewed, the future research directions for microbial β-mannanases are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Pei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Zhou
- Weili Biotechnology (Shandong) Co., Ltd, Taian, 271400, PR China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Yumei Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
| | - Juan Gao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Key Technologies for High-Value and High-Efficiency Full Industry Chain of Lonicera japonica, Linyi, 273399, PR China.
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The Existing Recovery Approaches of the Huangjiu Lees and the Future Prospects: A Mini Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9110695. [DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Huangjiu lees (HL) is a byproduct in Chinese Huangjiu production with various nutrient and biological functional components. Without efficient treatment, it could cause environmental issues and bioresource wasting. Existing dominant recovery approaches focus on large-scale disposal, but they ignore the application of high-value components. This study discusses the advantages and limitations of existing resourcing approaches, such as feed, food and biogas biological production, considering the efficiency and value of HL resourcing. The extraction of functional components as a suggestion for HL cascade utilization is pointed out. This study is expected to promote the application of HL resourcing.
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Ikram Ul Haq, Shakoor S, Nawaz A, Arshad Y, Mukhtar H. Purification and Characterization of Mannanase from Aspergillus awamori for Fruit Juice Clarification. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:459-468. [PMID: 32938340 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200916142305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit juice clarification is a challenging aspect of beverage industry which needs to be addressed for economical and hygienic production of fruit juices. OBJECTIVE Current study is focused on the complete purification, characterization and thermodynamic analysis of an efficient mannanase enzyme to analyze its applicability in biological clarification fruit juice. METHODS Mannanase production using Aspergillus awamori IIB037 in a 25 L stirred fermenter at pre optimized reaction conditions was carried out. Enzyme purification was carried out via series of steps. Characterization of enzyme along with kinetics and thermodynamic studies was conducted. Purified and characterized enzyme was assessed for its applicability in fruit juice clarification through clarification experiments on fresh apple juice. RESULTS Purification fold of 3.98 was obtained along with 86.80% purification yield of mannanase with specific activity of 158.16 U/mg. The molecular size of purified enzyme was determined as 66 kDa. The enzyme depicted 56% residual activity at 60°C after 8 hrs. Thermodynamic studies of an enzyme revealed enthalpy of activation (ΔH) and activation energy (Ea) as 30.53KJ/mol, 27.76KJ/mol, respectively. The enzyme activity increased in the presence of ß-mercaptoethanol surprisingly. On the other hand, methyl alcohol, ethanol, Hg2+ and Cu2+ inhibited enzyme activity. The enzyme showed Km and Vmax values of 11.07 mM and 19.08 μM min-1 for Locust Bean Gum (LBG) under optimal conditions. Juice treated with mannanase showed decrease in absorbance and increase in reducing sugar content. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated that mannanase from Aspergillus awamori in its purified form has significant characteristics to be employed industrially for juice clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Ul Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheeba Shakoor
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Nawaz
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yesra Arshad
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Mukhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Liu J, Basit A, Miao T, Zheng F, Yu H, Wang Y, Jiang W, Cao Y. Secretory expression of β-mannanase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its high efficiency for hydrolysis of mannans to mannooligosaccharides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10027-10041. [PMID: 30215129 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of mannans is a key process in the production of foods and prebiotics. β-Mannanase is the key enzyme that hydrolyzes 1,4-β-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans. Heterogeneous expression of β-mannanase in Pichia pastoris systems is widely used; however, Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression systems are more reliable and safer. We optimized β-mannanase gene from Aspergillus sulphureus and expressed it in five S. cerevisiae strains. Haploid and diploid strains, and strains with constitutive promoter TEF1 or inducible promoter GAL1, were tested for enzyme expression in synthetic auxotrophic or complex medium. Highest efficiency expression was observed for haploid strain BY4741 integrated with β-mannanase gene under constitutive promoter TEF1, cultured in complex medium. In fed-batch culture in a fermentor, enzyme activity reached ~ 24 U/mL after 36 h, and production efficiency reached 16 U/mL/day. Optimal enzyme pH was 2.0-7.0, and optimal temperature was 60 °C. In studies of β-mannanase kinetic parameters for two substrates, locust bean gum galactomannan (LBG) gave Km = 24.13 mg/mL and Vmax = 715 U/mg, while konjac glucomannan (KGM) gave Km = 33 mg/mL and Vmax = 625 U/mg. One-hour hydrolysis efficiency values were 57% for 1% LBG, 74% for 1% KGM, 39% for 10% LBG, and 53% for 10% KGM. HPLC analysis revealed that the major hydrolysis products were the oligosaccharides mannose, mannobiose, mannotriose, mannotetraose, mannopentaose, and mannohexaose. Our findings show that this β-mannanase has high efficiency for hydrolysis of mannans to mannooligosaccharides, a type of prebiotic, suggesting strong potential application in food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junquan Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Abdul Basit
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Miao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhen Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Liaoning Union Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Benxi, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Liaoning Union Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Benxi, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yunhe Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Li YX, Yi P, Yan QJ, Qin Z, Liu XQ, Jiang ZQ. Directed evolution of a β-mannanase from Rhizomucor miehei to improve catalytic activity in acidic and thermophilic conditions. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:143. [PMID: 28588644 PMCID: PMC5457547 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0833-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Mannanase randomly cleaves the β-1,4-linked mannan backbone of hemicellulose, which plays the most important role in the enzymatic degradation of mannan. Although the industrial applications of β-mannanase have tremendously expanded in recent years, the wild-type β-mannanases are still defective for some industries. The glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 5 β-mannanase (RmMan5A) from Rhizomucor miehei shows many outstanding properties, such as high specific activity and hydrolysis property. However, owing to the low catalytic activity in acidic and thermophilic conditions, the application of RmMan5A to the biorefinery of mannan biomasses is severely limited. RESULTS To overcome the limitation, RmMan5A was successfully engineered by directed evolution. Through two rounds of screening, a mutated β-mannanase (mRmMan5A) with high catalytic activity in acidic and thermophilic conditions was obtained, and then characterized. The mutant displayed maximal activity at pH 4.5 and 65 °C, corresponding to acidic shift of 2.5 units in optimal pH and increase by 10 °C in optimal temperature. The catalytic efficiencies (kcat/Km) of mRmMan5A towards many mannan substrates were enhanced more than threefold in acidic and thermophilic conditions. Meanwhile, the high specific activity and excellent hydrolysis property of RmMan5A were inherited by the mutant mRmMan5A after directed evolution. According to the result of sequence analysis, three amino acid residues were substituted in mRmMan5A, namely Tyr233His, Lys264Met, and Asn343Ser. To identify the function of each substitution, four site-directed mutations (Tyr233His, Lys264Met, Asn343Ser, and Tyr233His/Lys264Met) were subsequently generated, and the substitutions at Tyr233 and Lys264 were found to be the main reason for the changes of mRmMan5A. CONCLUSIONS Through directed evolution of RmMan5A, two key amino acid residues that controlled its catalytic efficiency under acidic and thermophilic conditions were identified. Information about the structure-function relationship of GH family 5 β-mannanase was acquired, which could be used for modifying β-mannanases to enhance the feasibility in industrial application, especially in biorefinery process. This is the first report on a β-mannanase from zygomycete engineered by directed evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-xiao Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua Donglu, Haidian District, Post Box 294, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Ping Yi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua Donglu, Haidian District, Post Box 294, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Qiao-juan Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua Donglu, Haidian District, Post Box 294, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-qiang Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua Donglu, Haidian District, Post Box 294, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Zheng-qiang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Kim DY, Chung CW, Cho HY, Rhee YH, Shin DH, Son KH, Park HY. Biocatalytic characterization of an endo-β-1,4-mannanase produced by Paenibacillus sp. strain HY-8. Biotechnol Lett 2016; 39:149-155. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-016-2228-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shukor H, Abdeshahian P, Al-Shorgani NKN, Hamid AA, Rahman NA, Kalil MS. Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:257-264. [PMID: 27372004 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The ANOVA results revealed that all factors studied had highly significant effects on total sugar liberated (P<0.01). The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time. Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose. ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 resulted in 3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Shukor
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Peyman Abdeshahian
- Department of Microbiology, Masjed Soleyman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Masjed Soleyman, Iran
| | | | - Aidil Abdul Hamid
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norliza A Rahman
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Sahaid Kalil
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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