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Li W, Hao Y. Polo-Like Kinase 1 and DNA Damage Response. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:430-437. [PMID: 38959179 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2024.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, is a key regulator involved in the mitotic process of the cell cycle. Mounting evidence suggests that Plk1 is also involved in a variety of nonmitotic events, including the DNA damage response, DNA replication, cytokinesis, embryonic development, apoptosis, and immune regulation. The DNA damage response (DDR) includes activation of the DNA checkpoint, DNA damage recovery, DNA repair, and apoptosis. Plk1 is not only an important target of the G2/M DNA damage checkpoint but also negatively regulates the G2/M checkpoint commander Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), promotes G2/M phase checkpoint recovery, and regulates homologous recombination repair by interacting with Rad51 and BRCA1, the key factors of homologous recombination repair. This article briefly reviews the function of Plk1 in response to DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Damage, Characteristic Medical Center, PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
- Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Characteristic Medical Center, PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjian Hao
- Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Characteristic Medical Center, PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
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2
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Mouery RD, Lukasik K, Hsu C, Bonacci T, Bolhuis DL, Wang X, Mills CA, Toomer ED, Canterbury OG, Robertson KC, Branigan TB, Brown NG, Herring LE, Gupton SL, Emanuele MJ. Proteomic analysis reveals a PLK1-dependent G2/M degradation program and a role for AKAP2 in coordinating the mitotic cytoskeleton. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114510. [PMID: 39018246 PMCID: PMC11403584 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is an essential regulator of cell division. The kinase Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) promotes protein degradation at G2/M phase through the E3 ubiquitin ligase Skp1-Cul1-F box (SCF)βTrCP. However, the magnitude to which PLK1 shapes the mitotic proteome is uncharacterized. Combining quantitative proteomics with pharmacologic PLK1 inhibition revealed a widespread, PLK1-dependent program of protein breakdown at G2/M. We validated many PLK1-regulated proteins, including substrates of the cell-cycle E3 SCFCyclin F, demonstrating that PLK1 promotes proteolysis through at least two distinct E3 ligases. We show that the protein-kinase-A-anchoring protein A-kinase anchor protein 2 (AKAP2) is cell-cycle regulated and that its mitotic degradation is dependent on the PLK1/βTrCP signaling axis. Expression of a non-degradable AKAP2 mutant resulted in actin defects and aberrant mitotic spindles, suggesting that AKAP2 degradation coordinates cytoskeletal organization during mitosis. These findings uncover PLK1's far-reaching role in shaping the mitotic proteome post-translationally and have potential implications in malignancies where PLK1 is upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Mouery
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kimberly Lukasik
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Carolyn Hsu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Thomas Bonacci
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Derek L Bolhuis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xianxi Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - C Allie Mills
- UNC Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - E Drew Toomer
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Owen G Canterbury
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kevin C Robertson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Timothy B Branigan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicholas G Brown
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laura E Herring
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; UNC Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Stephanie L Gupton
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael J Emanuele
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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3
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Kaldis P, Porter LA. Regulation of biological processes by ubiquitin ligases: a focus on the Pagano Lab's contribution. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1458895. [PMID: 39211389 PMCID: PMC11358078 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1458895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis depends on many fundamental processes including mRNA synthesis, translation, post-translational modifications, and proteolysis. In the late 70s and early 80s the discovery that the small 76 amino acid protein ubiquitin could be attached to target proteins via a multi-stage process involving ubiquitin-activating enzymes, ubiquitin conjugating enzymes, and ubiquitin ligases, revealed an exciting new post-translational mechanism to regulate protein degradation. This cellular system was uncovered using biochemical methods by Avram Hershko, who would later won the Nobel prize for this discovery; however, the biological functions of ubiquitin ligases remained unknown for many years. It was initially described that ubiquitin modifies proteins at one or more lysine residues and once a long ubiquitin chain was assembled, proteins were degraded by the proteasome. Now we know that proteins can be mono-, multimono-, homotypic poly-, or heterotypic poly-ubiquitylated, each of which confers a specific signal that goes beyond protein degradation regulating additional key cellular functions such as signal transduction, protein localization, recognition of damaged proteins, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kaldis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Malmo, Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre (LUDC), Lund University, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Malmo, Sweden
| | - Lisa A. Porter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, WE-SPARK Health Institute, Windsor, ON, Canada
- Lawson Research Institute, St. Joseph’s Healthcare London, London, ON, Canada
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4
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Atemin A, Ivanova A, Kanev PB, Uzunova S, Nedelcheva-Veleva M, Stoynov S. Dynamics of Replication-Associated Protein Levels through the Cell Cycle. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8230. [PMID: 39125800 PMCID: PMC11311332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The measurement of dynamic changes in protein level and localization throughout the cell cycle is of major relevance to studies of cellular processes tightly coordinated with the cycle, such as replication, transcription, DNA repair, and checkpoint control. Currently available methods include biochemical assays of cells in bulk following synchronization, which determine protein levels with poor temporal and no spatial resolution. Taking advantage of genetic engineering and live-cell microscopy, we performed time-lapse imaging of cells expressing fluorescently tagged proteins under the control of their endogenous regulatory elements in order to follow their levels throughout the cell cycle. We effectively discern between cell cycle phases and S subphases based on fluorescence intensity and distribution of co-expressed proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-mCherry. This allowed us to precisely determine and compare the levels and distribution of multiple replication-associated factors, including Rap1-interacting factor 1 (RIF1), minichromosome maintenance complex component 6 (MCM6), origin recognition complex subunit 1 (ORC1, and Claspin, with high spatiotemporal resolution in HeLa Kyoto cells. Combining these data with available mass spectrometry-based measurements of protein concentrations reveals the changes in the concentration of these proteins throughout the cell cycle. Our approach provides a practical basis for a detailed interrogation of protein dynamics in the context of the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Stoyno Stoynov
- Laboratory of Genomic Stability, Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G., Bonchev Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (A.I.); (P.-B.K.); (S.U.); (M.N.-V.)
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5
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Shi Y, Wang Y, Niu K, Zhang W, Lv Q, Zhang Y. How CLSPN could demystify its prognostic value and potential molecular mechanism for hepatocellular carcinoma: A crosstalk study. Comput Biol Med 2024; 172:108260. [PMID: 38492457 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS CLSPN, a critical component of the S-phase checkpoint in response to DNA replication stress, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple tumor types. The rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant challenge to global public health. Despite this, the specific functions of CLSPN in the development of HCC remain poorly understood. METHODS We systematically evaluated the expression of CLSPN, prognosis and immune infiltration in patients with HCC and identified a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network by using public database. The RT-qPCR, western blot, CCK8, transwell, flow cytometry, animal experiments, proteasome inhibition experiment, Co-IP assay and mass spectrometry were applied to explore its biological functions, post-transcriptional modifications and potential molecular mechanisms of CLSPN in HCC. RESULTS We verified the expression of CLSPN, and its high expression is an independent prognostic factor in HCC. The expression of CLSPN is also associated with the immune microenvironment of HCC. CLSPN silencing inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle progression of HCC cells. We established a PSMA3-AS1/hsa-miR-101-3p/CLSPN regulator axis in HCC. CLSPN was influenced by ubiquitination and was involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to regulate HCC progression. CONCLUSIONS It was the first time to comprehensively discover and identify the expression, prognosis, immunotherapy, RNAs regulator, posttranscriptional modification, and molecular mechanisms of CLSPN in HCC. These novel insights have the potential to expedite the development of personalized treatment strategies and translational medicine approaches for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Shi
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Yizhu Wang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Kaiyi Niu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Wenning Zhang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Qingpeng Lv
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210003, China.
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6
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Sheng X, Xia Z, Yang H, Hu R. The ubiquitin codes in cellular stress responses. Protein Cell 2024; 15:157-190. [PMID: 37470788 PMCID: PMC10903993 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination/ubiquitylation, one of the most fundamental post-translational modifications, regulates almost every critical cellular process in eukaryotes. Emerging evidence has shown that essential components of numerous biological processes undergo ubiquitination in mammalian cells upon exposure to diverse stresses, from exogenous factors to cellular reactions, causing a dazzling variety of functional consequences. Various forms of ubiquitin signals generated by ubiquitylation events in specific milieus, known as ubiquitin codes, constitute an intrinsic part of myriad cellular stress responses. These ubiquitination events, leading to proteolytic turnover of the substrates or just switch in functionality, initiate, regulate, or supervise multiple cellular stress-associated responses, supporting adaptation, homeostasis recovery, and survival of the stressed cells. In this review, we attempted to summarize the crucial roles of ubiquitination in response to different environmental and intracellular stresses, while discussing how stresses modulate the ubiquitin system. This review also updates the most recent advances in understanding ubiquitination machinery as well as different stress responses and discusses some important questions that may warrant future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Zhixiong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hanting Yang
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ronggui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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7
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Colding-Christensen CS, Kakulidis ES, Arroyo-Gomez J, Hendriks IA, Arkinson C, Fábián Z, Gambus A, Mailand N, Duxin JP, Nielsen ML. Profiling ubiquitin signalling with UBIMAX reveals DNA damage- and SCF β-Trcp1-dependent ubiquitylation of the actin-organizing protein Dbn1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8293. [PMID: 38097601 PMCID: PMC10721886 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin widely modifies proteins, thereby regulating most cellular functions. The complexity of ubiquitin signalling necessitates unbiased methods enabling global detection of dynamic protein ubiquitylation. Here, we describe UBIMAX (UBiquitin target Identification by Mass spectrometry in Xenopus egg extracts), which enriches ubiquitin-conjugated proteins and quantifies regulation of protein ubiquitylation under precise and adaptable conditions. We benchmark UBIMAX by investigating DNA double-strand break-responsive ubiquitylation events, identifying previously known targets and revealing the actin-organizing protein Dbn1 as a major target of DNA damage-induced ubiquitylation. We find that Dbn1 is targeted for proteasomal degradation by the SCFβ-Trcp1 ubiquitin ligase, in a conserved mechanism driven by ATM-mediated phosphorylation of a previously uncharacterized β-Trcp1 degron containing an SQ motif. We further show that this degron is sufficient to induce DNA damage-dependent protein degradation of a model substrate. Collectively, we demonstrate UBIMAX's ability to identify targets of stimulus-regulated ubiquitylation and reveal an SCFβ-Trcp1-mediated ubiquitylation mechanism controlled directly by the apical DNA damage response kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla S Colding-Christensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen S Kakulidis
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Javier Arroyo-Gomez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivo A Hendriks
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Connor Arkinson
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Zita Fábián
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Agnieszka Gambus
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Niels Mailand
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julien P Duxin
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Michael L Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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8
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Colaco JC, Chandrasekaran AP, Karapurkar JK, Birappa G, Rajkumar S, Gowda DAA, Suresh B, Lee J, Singh V, Hong SH, Kim KS, Ramakrishna S. βTrCP1 promotes SLC35F2 protein ubiquitination and inhibits cancer progression in HeLa cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:27-38. [PMID: 37801987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The solute carrier family 35 F2 (SLC35F2) belongs to membrane-bound carrier proteins that are associated with multiple cancers. The main factor that determines cancer progression is the expression level of SLC35F2. Thus, identifying the E3 ligase that controls SLC35F2 protein abundance in cancer cells is critical. Here, we identified βTrCP1 interacting with and reducing the SLC35F2 protein level. βTrCP1 signals SLC35F2 protein ubiquitination and reduces SLC35F2 protein half-life. The mRNA expression pattern between βTrCP1 and SLC35F2 across a panel of cancer cell lines showed a negative correlation. Additionally, the depletion of βTrCP1 accumulated SLC35F2 protein and promoted SLC35F2-mediated cell growth, migration, invasion, and colony formation ability in HeLa cells. Overall, we demonstrate that βTrCP1 acts as a tumor suppressor by controlling SLC35F2 protein abundance in cancer cells. The depletion of βTrCP1 promotes SLC35F2-mediated carcinogenesis. Thus, we envision that βTrCP1 may be a potential target for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jencia Carminha Colaco
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | | | | | - Girish Birappa
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Sripriya Rajkumar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - D A Ayush Gowda
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Bharathi Suresh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Junwon Lee
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Eonjuro 211, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06273, South Korea
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana, 382715, Gujarat, India
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.
| | - Kye-Seong Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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9
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Mouery RD, Hsu C, Bonacci T, Bolhuis DL, Wang X, Mills CA, Toomer ED, Canterbury OG, Robertson KC, Branigan TB, Brown NG, Herring LE, Emanuele MJ. Proteomic Analysis Reveals a PLK1-Dependent G2/M Degradation Program and Links PKA-AKAP2 to Cell Cycle Control. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.11.561963. [PMID: 37873169 PMCID: PMC10592729 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.11.561963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system is an essential mechanism regulating cellular division. The kinase PLK1 coordinates protein degradation at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle by promoting the binding of substrates to the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCFβTrCP. However, the magnitude to which PLK1 shapes the mitotic proteome has not been characterized. Combining deep, quantitative proteomics with pharmacologic PLK1 inhibition (PLK1i), we identified more than 200 proteins whose abundances were increased by PLK1i at G2/M. We validate many new PLK1-regulated proteins, including several substrates of the cell cycle E3 SCFCyclin F, demonstrating that PLK1 promotes proteolysis through at least two distinct SCF-family E3 ligases. Further, we found that the protein kinase A anchoring protein AKAP2 is cell cycle regulated and that its mitotic degradation is dependent on the PLK1/βTrCP-signaling axis. Interactome analysis revealed that the strongest interactors of AKAP2 function in signaling networks regulating proliferation, including MAPK, AKT, and Hippo. Altogether, our data demonstrate that PLK1 coordinates a widespread program of protein breakdown at G2/M. We propose that dynamic proteolytic changes mediated by PLK1 integrate proliferative signals with the core cell cycle machinery during cell division. This has potential implications in malignancies where PLK1 is aberrantly regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Mouery
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Carolyn Hsu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Thomas Bonacci
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Derek L Bolhuis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xianxi Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Christine A Mills
- UNC Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - E Drew Toomer
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Owen G Canterbury
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kevin C Robertson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Timothy B Branigan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicholas G Brown
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laura E Herring
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael J Emanuele
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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10
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Li Y, Wang F, Li X, Wang L, Yang Z, You Z, Peng A. The ATM-E6AP-MASTL axis mediates DNA damage checkpoint recovery. eLife 2023; 12:RP86976. [PMID: 37672026 PMCID: PMC10482428 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint activation after DNA damage causes a transient cell cycle arrest by suppressing cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). However, it remains largely elusive how cell cycle recovery is initiated after DNA damage. In this study, we discovered the upregulated protein level of MASTL kinase hours after DNA damage. MASTL promotes cell cycle progression by preventing PP2A/B55-catalyzed dephosphorylation of CDK substrates. DNA damage-induced MASTL upregulation was caused by decreased protein degradation, and was unique among mitotic kinases. We identified E6AP as the E3 ubiquitin ligase that mediated MASTL degradation. MASTL degradation was inhibited upon DNA damage as a result of the dissociation of E6AP from MASTL. E6AP depletion reduced DNA damage signaling, and promoted cell cycle recovery from the DNA damage checkpoint, in a MASTL-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that E6AP was phosphorylated at Ser-218 by ATM after DNA damage and that this phosphorylation was required for its dissociation from MASTL, the stabilization of MASTL, and the timely recovery of cell cycle progression. Together, our data revealed that ATM/ATR-dependent signaling, while activating the DNA damage checkpoint, also initiates cell cycle recovery from the arrest. Consequently, this results in a timer-like mechanism that ensures the transient nature of the DNA damage checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Li
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterLincolnUnited States
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterLincolnUnited States
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterLincolnUnited States
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterLincolnUnited States
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Zhongsheng You
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Aimin Peng
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterLincolnUnited States
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11
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Qin S, Kitty I, Hao Y, Zhao F, Kim W. Maintaining Genome Integrity: Protein Kinases and Phosphatases Orchestrate the Balancing Act of DNA Double-Strand Breaks Repair in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10212. [PMID: 37373360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most lethal DNA damages which lead to severe genome instability. Phosphorylation is one of the most important protein post-translation modifications involved in DSBs repair regulation. Kinases and phosphatases play coordinating roles in DSB repair by phosphorylating and dephosphorylating various proteins. Recent research has shed light on the importance of maintaining a balance between kinase and phosphatase activities in DSB repair. The interplay between kinases and phosphatases plays an important role in regulating DNA-repair processes, and alterations in their activity can lead to genomic instability and disease. Therefore, study on the function of kinases and phosphatases in DSBs repair is essential for understanding their roles in cancer development and therapeutics. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of kinases and phosphatases in DSBs repair regulation and highlight the advancements in the development of cancer therapies targeting kinases or phosphatases in DSBs repair pathways. In conclusion, understanding the balance of kinase and phosphatase activities in DSBs repair provides opportunities for the development of novel cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Qin
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ichiwa Kitty
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yalan Hao
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Wootae Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
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12
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Mayca Pozo F, Geng X, Miyagi M, Amin AL, Huang AY, Zhang Y. MYO10 regulates genome stability and cancer inflammation through mediating mitosis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112531. [PMID: 37200188 PMCID: PMC10293887 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability can promote inflammation and tumor development. Previous research revealed an unexpected layer of regulation of genomic instability by a cytoplasmic protein MYO10; however, the underlying mechanism remained unclear. Here, we report a protein stability-mediated mitotic regulation of MYO10 in controlling genome stability. We characterized a degron motif and phosphorylation residues in the degron that mediate β-TrCP1-dependent MYO10 degradation. The level of phosphorylated MYO10 protein transiently increases during mitosis, which is accompanied by a spatiotemporal cellular localization change first accumulating at the centrosome then at the midbody. Depletion of MYO10 or expression of MYO10 degron mutants, including those found in cancer patients, disrupts mitosis, increases genomic instability and inflammation, and promotes tumor growth; however, they also increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to Taxol. Our studies demonstrate a critical role of MYO10 in mitosis progression, through which it regulates genome stability, cancer growth, and cellular response to mitotic toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Mayca Pozo
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Xinran Geng
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Masaru Miyagi
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Amanda L Amin
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alex Y Huang
- Center for Pediatric Immunotherapy at Rainbow, Angie Fowler AYA Cancer Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Youwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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13
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Yamada S, Miyata H, Isono M, Hori K, Yanagawa J, Murai A, Minowa T, Mizue Y, Sasaki K, Murata K, Tokita S, Nakatsugawa M, Iwabuchi S, Hashimoto S, Kubo T, Kanaseki T, Tsukahara T, Abe T, Shinohara N, Hirohashi Y, Torigoe T. Cisplatin resistance driver claspin is a target for immunotherapy in urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023:10.1007/s00262-023-03388-5. [PMID: 36795123 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a major and fatal urological disease. Cisplatin is a key drug for the treatment of bladder cancer, especially in muscle-invasive cases. In most cases of bladder cancer, cisplatin is effective; however, resistance to cisplatin has a significant negative impact on prognosis. Thus, a treatment strategy for cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer is essential to improve the prognosis. In this study, we established a cisplatin-resistant (CR) bladder cancer cell line using an urothelial carcinoma cell lines (UM-UC-3 and J82). We screened for potential targets in CR cells and found that claspin (CLSPN) was overexpressed. CLSPN mRNA knockdown revealed that CLSPN had a role in cisplatin resistance in CR cells. In our previous study, we identified human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01-restricted CLSPN peptide by HLA ligandome analysis. Thus, we generated a CLSPN peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone that recognized CR cells at a higher level than wild-type UM-UC-3 cells. These findings indicate that CLSPN is a driver of cisplatin resistance and CLSPN peptide-specific immunotherapy may be effective for cisplatin-resistant cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Yamada
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Haruka Miyata
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Makoto Isono
- Department of Urology, Abiko Toho Hospital, Abiko, 270-1166, Japan
| | - Kanta Hori
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Junko Yanagawa
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Aiko Murai
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Minowa
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.,Departments of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuka Mizue
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kenta Sasaki
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Asahikawa Medical University School of Medicine, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Murata
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Serina Tokita
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Iwabuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Terufumi Kubo
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanaseki
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tsukahara
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takashige Abe
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Nobuo Shinohara
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.
| | - Toshihiko Torigoe
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.
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14
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Yam CQX, Lim HH, Surana U. DNA damage checkpoint execution and the rules of its disengagement. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1020643. [PMID: 36274841 PMCID: PMC9582513 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1020643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomes are susceptible to damage during their duplication and segregation or when exposed to genotoxic stresses. Left uncorrected, these lesions can result in genomic instability, leading to cells' diminished fitness, unbridled proliferation or death. To prevent such fates, checkpoint controls transiently halt cell cycle progression to allow time for the implementation of corrective measures. Prominent among these is the DNA damage checkpoint which operates at G2/M transition to ensure that cells with damaged chromosomes do not enter the mitotic phase. The execution and maintenance of cell cycle arrest are essential aspects of G2/M checkpoint and have been studied in detail. Equally critical is cells' ability to switch-off the checkpoint controls after a successful completion of corrective actions and to recommence cell cycle progression. Interestingly, when corrective measures fail, cells can mount an unusual cellular response, termed adaptation, where they escape checkpoint arrest and resume cell cycle progression with damaged chromosomes at the cost of genome instability or even death. Here, we discuss the DNA damage checkpoint, the mitotic networks it inhibits to prevent segregation of damaged chromosomes and the strategies cells employ to quench the checkpoint controls to override the G2/M arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Hwa Lim
- A*STAR Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Uttam Surana
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Regulation of ATR-CHK1 signaling by ubiquitination of CLASPIN. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1471-1480. [PMID: 36196914 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
DNA replication forks are frequently forced into stalling by persistent DNA aberrations generated from endogenous or exogenous insults. Stalled replication forks are catastrophic for genome integrity and cell survival if not immediately stabilized. The ataxia-telangiectasia and RAD3-related kinase (ATR)-CLASPIN-checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) signaling cascade is a pivotal mechanism that initiates cell-cycle checkpoints and stabilizes stalled replication forks, assuring the faithful duplication of genomic information before entry into mitosis. The timely recovery of checkpoints after stressors are resolved is also crucial for normal cell proliferation. The precise activation and inactivation of ATR-CHK1 signaling are usually efficiently regulated by turnover and the cellular re-localization of the adaptor protein CLASPIN. The ubiquitination-proteasome-mediated degradation of CLASPIN, driven by APC/CCDH1 and SCFβTrCP, results in a cell-cycle-dependent fluctuation pattern of CLASPIN levels, with peak levels seen in S/G2 phase when it functions in the DNA replisome or as an adaptor protein in ATR-CHK1 signaling under replication stress. Deubiquitination mediated by a series of ubiquitin-specific protease family proteins releases CLASPIN from proteasome-dependent destruction and activates the ATR-CHK1 checkpoint to overcome replication stress. Moreover, the non-proteolytic ubiquitination of CLASPIN also affects CHK1 activation by regulating CLASPIN localization. In this review, we discuss the functions of CLASPIN ubiquitination with specific linkage types in the regulation of the ATR-CHK1 signaling pathway. Research in this area is progressing at pace and provides promising chemotherapeutic targets.
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16
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Guerra B, Doktor TK, Frederiksen SB, Somyajit K, Andresen BS. Essential role of CK2α for the interaction and stability of replication fork factors during DNA synthesis and activation of the S-phase checkpoint. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:339. [PMID: 35661926 PMCID: PMC9166893 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related (ATR)-CHK1 pathway is the major signalling cascade activated in response to DNA replication stress. This pathway is associated with the core of the DNA replication machinery comprising CDC45, the replicative MCM2-7 hexamer, GINS (altogether forming the CMG complex), primase-polymerase (POLε, -α, and -δ) complex, and additional fork protection factors such as AND-1, CLASPIN (CLSPN), and TIMELESS/TIPIN. In this study, we report that functional protein kinase CK2α is critical for preserving replisome integrity and for mounting S-phase checkpoint signalling. We find that CDC45, CLSPN and MCM7 are novel CK2α interacting partners and these interactions are particularly important for maintenance of stable MCM7-CDC45, ATRIP-ATR-MCM7, and ATR-CLSPN protein complexes. Consistently, cells depleted of CK2α and treated with hydroxyurea display compromised replisome integrity, reduced chromatin binding of checkpoint mediator CLSPN, attenuated ATR-mediated S-phase checkpoint and delayed recovery of stalled forks. In further support of this, differential gene expression analysis by RNA-sequencing revealed that down-regulation of CK2α accompanies global shutdown of genes that are implicated in the S-phase checkpoint. These findings add to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in DNA replication by showing that the protein kinase CK2α is essential for maintaining the stability of the replisome machinery and for optimizing ATR-CHK1 signalling activation upon replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Guerra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Thomas K Doktor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sabrina B Frederiksen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kumar Somyajit
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Brage S Andresen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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17
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Zhu X, Xue J, Jiang X, Gong Y, Gao C, Cao T, Li Q, Bai L, Li Y, Xu G, Peng B, Xu X. TRIM21 suppresses CHK1 activation by preferentially targeting CLASPIN for K63-linked ubiquitination. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:1517-1530. [PMID: 35048968 PMCID: PMC8860585 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the E3 ligase TRIM21 is increased in a broad spectrum of cancers; however, the functionally relevant molecular pathway targeted by TRIM21 overexpression remains largely unknown. Here, we show that TRIM21 directly interacts with and ubiquitinates CLASPIN, a mediator for ATR-dependent CHK1 activation. TRIM21-mediated K63-linked ubiquitination of CLASPIN counteracts the K6-linked ubiquitination of CLASPIN which is essential for its interaction with TIPIN and subsequent chromatin loading. We further show that overexpression of TRIM21, but not a TRIM21 catalytically inactive mutant, compromises CHK1 activation, leading to replication fork instability and tumorigenesis. Our findings demonstrate that TRIM21 suppresses CHK1 activation by preferentially targeting CLASPIN for K63-linked ubiquitination, providing a potential target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Jingwei Xue
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xing Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yamin Gong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Congwen Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Capital Normal University College of Life Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qian Li
- Capital Normal University College of Life Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lulu Bai
- Capital Normal University College of Life Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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18
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Sahay O, Barik GK, Sharma T, Pillai AD, Rapole S, Santra MK. Damsel in distress calling on her knights: Illuminating the pioneering role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in guarding the genome integrity. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 109:103261. [PMID: 34920250 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of genomic integrity is of utmost importance for the organisms to survive and to accurately inherit traits to their progenies. Any kind of DNA damage either due to defect in DNA duplication and/ or uncontrolled cell division or intracellular insults or environment radiation can result in gene mutation, chromosomal aberration and ultimately genomic instability, which may cause several diseases including cancers. Therefore, cells have evolved machineries for the surveillance of genomic integrity. Enormous exciting studies in the past indicate that ubiquitination (a posttranslational modification of proteins) plays a crucial role in maintaining the genomic integrity by diverse ways. In fact, various E3 ubiquitin ligases catalyse ubiquitination of key proteins to control their central role during cell cycle, DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair. Some E3 ligases promote genomic instability while others prevent it, deregulation of both of which leads to several malignancies. In this review, we consolidate the recent findings wherein the role of ubiquitination in conferring genome integrity is highlighted. We also discuss the latest discoveries on the mechanisms utilized by various E3 ligases to preserve genomic stability, with a focus on their actions during cell cycle progression and different types of DNA damage response as well as repair pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osheen Sahay
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Ganesh Kumar Barik
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Tanisha Sharma
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, S.P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Ajay D Pillai
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Srikanth Rapole
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Manas Kumar Santra
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.
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19
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Chauhan R, Bhat AA, Masoodi T, Bagga P, Reddy R, Gupta A, Sheikh ZA, Macha MA, Haris M, Singh M. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 37: an important cog in the oncogenic machinery of cancerous cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:356. [PMID: 34758854 PMCID: PMC8579576 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is one of the most crucial posttranslational modifications responsible for regulating the stability and activity of proteins involved in homeostatic cellular function. Inconsistencies in the ubiquitination process may lead to tumorigenesis. Ubiquitin-specific peptidases are attractive therapeutic targets in different cancers and are being evaluated for clinical development. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 37 (USP37) is one of the least studied members of the USP family. USP37 controls numerous aspects of oncogenesis, including stabilizing many different oncoproteins. Recent work highlights the role of USP37 in stimulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in lung and breast cancer by stabilizing SNAI1 and stimulating the sonic hedgehog pathway, respectively. Several aspects of USP37 biology in cancer cells are yet unclear and are an active area of research. This review emphasizes the importance of USP37 in cancer and how identifying its molecular targets and signalling networks in various cancer types can help advance cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Chauhan
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Genetikode, Mumbai, India
| | - Puneet Bagga
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ashna Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Sheikh
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Pulwama, India
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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20
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Iliaki S, Beyaert R, Afonina IS. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) signaling in cancer and beyond. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114747. [PMID: 34454931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PLK1 is an evolutionary conserved Ser/Thr kinase that is best known for its role in cell cycle regulation and is expressed predominantly during the G2/S and M phase of the cell cycle. PLK1-mediated phosphorylation of specific substrates controls cell entry into mitosis, centrosome maturation, spindle assembly, sister chromatid cohesion and cytokinesis. In addition, a growing body of evidence describes additional roles of PLK1 beyond the cell cycle, more specifically in the DNA damage response, autophagy, apoptosis and cytokine signaling. PLK1 has an indisputable role in cancer as it controls several key transcription factors and promotes cell proliferation, transformation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, deregulation of PLK1 results in chromosome instability and aneuploidy. PLK1 is overexpressed in many cancers, which is associated with poor prognosis, making PLK1 an attractive target for cancer treatment. Additionally, PLK1 is involved in immune and neurological disorders including Graft versus Host Disease, Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Unfortunately, newly developed small compound PLK1 inhibitors have only had limited success so far, due to low therapeutic response rates and toxicity. In this review we will highlight the current knowledge about the established roles of PLK1 in mitosis regulation and beyond. In addition, we will discuss its tumor promoting but also tumor suppressing capacities, as well as the available PLK1 inhibitors, elaborating on their efficacy and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Iliaki
- Center for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Center for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Inna S Afonina
- Center for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
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21
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Stromberg BR, Singh M, Torres AE, Burrows AC, Pal D, Insinna C, Rhee Y, Dickson AS, Westlake CJ, Summers MK. The deubiquitinating enzyme USP37 enhances CHK1 activity to promote the cellular response to replication stress. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101184. [PMID: 34509474 PMCID: PMC8487067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The deubiquitinating enzyme USP37 is known to contribute to timely onset of S phase and progression of mitosis. However, it is not clear if USP37 is required beyond S-phase entry despite expression and activity of USP37 peaking within S phase. We have utilized flow cytometry and microscopy to analyze populations of replicating cells labeled with thymidine analogs and monitored mitotic entry in synchronized cells to determine that USP37-depleted cells exhibited altered S-phase kinetics. Further analysis revealed that cells depleted of USP37 harbored increased levels of the replication stress and DNA damage markers γH2AX and 53BP1 in response to perturbed replication. Depletion of USP37 also reduced cellular proliferation and led to increased sensitivity to agents that induce replication stress. Underlying the increased sensitivity, we found that the checkpoint kinase 1 is destabilized in the absence of USP37, attenuating its function. We further demonstrated that USP37 deubiquitinates checkpoint kinase 1, promoting its stability. Together, our results establish that USP37 is required beyond S-phase entry to promote the efficiency and fidelity of replication. These data further define the role of USP37 in the regulation of cell proliferation and contribute to an evolving understanding of USP37 as a multifaceted regulator of genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Stromberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Adrian E Torres
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Amy C Burrows
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Debjani Pal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christine Insinna
- NCI-Frederick National Laboratory, Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Yosup Rhee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew S Dickson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher J Westlake
- NCI-Frederick National Laboratory, Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew K Summers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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22
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Coordinating DNA Replication and Mitosis through Ubiquitin/SUMO and CDK1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168796. [PMID: 34445496 PMCID: PMC8395760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification of the DNA replication machinery by ubiquitin and SUMO plays key roles in the faithful duplication of the genetic information. Among other functions, ubiquitination and SUMOylation serve as signals for the extraction of factors from chromatin by the AAA ATPase VCP. In addition to the regulation of DNA replication initiation and elongation, we now know that ubiquitination mediates the disassembly of the replisome after DNA replication termination, a process that is essential to preserve genomic stability. Here, we review the recent evidence showing how active DNA replication restricts replisome ubiquitination to prevent the premature disassembly of the DNA replication machinery. Ubiquitination also mediates the removal of the replisome to allow DNA repair. Further, we discuss the interplay between ubiquitin-mediated replisome disassembly and the activation of CDK1 that is required to set up the transition from the S phase to mitosis. We propose the existence of a ubiquitin–CDK1 relay, where the disassembly of terminated replisomes increases CDK1 activity that, in turn, favors the ubiquitination and disassembly of more replisomes. This model has important implications for the mechanism of action of cancer therapies that induce the untimely activation of CDK1, thereby triggering premature replisome disassembly and DNA damage.
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23
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Dang F, Jiang C, Zhang T, Inuzuka H, Wei W. PCAF and SIRT1 modulate βTrCP1 protein stability in an acetylation-dependent manner. J Genet Genomics 2021; 48:652-655. [PMID: 34366270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabin Dang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Cong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Hiroyuki Inuzuka
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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24
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Duan S, Pagano M. Ubiquitin ligases in cancer: Functions and clinical potentials. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:918-933. [PMID: 33974914 PMCID: PMC8286310 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitylation, a highly regulated post-translational modification, controls many cellular pathways that are critical to cell homeostasis. Ubiquitin ligases recruit substrates and promote ubiquitin transfer onto targets, inducing proteasomal degradation or non-degradative signaling. Accumulating evidence highlights the critical role of dysregulated ubiquitin ligases in processes associated with the initiation and progression of cancer. Depending on the substrate specificity and biological context, a ubiquitin ligase can act either as a tumor promoter or as a tumor suppressor. In this review, we focus on the regulatory roles of ubiquitin ligases and how perturbations of their functions contribute to cancer pathogenesis. We also briefly discuss current strategies for targeting or exploiting ubiquitin ligases for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Duan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michele Pagano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Babasaki T, Sentani K, Sekino Y, Kobayashi G, Thang Pham Q, Katsuya N, Akabane S, Taniyama D, Hayashi T, Shiota M, Oue N, Teishima J, Matsubara A, Yasui W. Overexpression of claspin promotes docetaxel resistance and is associated with prostate-specific antigen recurrence in prostate cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:5574-5588. [PMID: 34240817 PMCID: PMC8366092 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although docetaxel (DTX) confers significant survival benefits in patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), resistance to DTX inevitably occurs. Therefore, clarifying the mechanisms of DTX resistance may improve survival in patients with CRPC. Claspin plays a pivotal role in DNA replication stress and damage responses and is an essential regulator for the S‐phase checkpoint. CLSPN is an oncogenic gene that contributes to tumor proliferation in several human solid tumors. However, the clinical significance of claspin in prostate cancer (PCa) has not been examined. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of claspin and its relationship with DTX resistance in PCa. We immunohistochemically analyzed the expression of claspin in 89 PCa cases, of which 31 (35%) were positive for claspin. Claspin‐positive cases were associated with higher Gleason score, venous invasion, and perineural invasion. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that high claspin expression was related to poor prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) relapse‐free prognosis. In a public database, high CLSPN expression was associated with poor PSA relapse‐free prognosis, Gleason score, T stage, lymph node metastasis, CRPC, and metastatic PCa. Claspin knockdown by siRNA decreased cell proliferation, upregulated DTX sensitivity, and suppressed the expression of Akt, Erk1/2, and CHK1 phosphorylation in DU145 and PC3 cell lines. Furthermore, claspin expression was much more upregulated in DTX‐resistant DU145 (DU145‐DR) than in parental DU145 cells. Claspin knockdown significantly upregulated the sensitivity to DTX in DU145‐DR cells. These results suggest that claspin plays an important role in PCa tumor progression and DTX resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Babasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yohei Sekino
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Go Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Kure Kyosai Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Quoc Thang Pham
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Narutaka Katsuya
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Akabane
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Daiki Taniyama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naohide Oue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jun Teishima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akio Matsubara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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26
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Aliabadi F, Sohrabi B, Mostafavi E, Pazoki-Toroudi H, Webster TJ. Ubiquitin-proteasome system and the role of its inhibitors in cancer therapy. Open Biol 2021; 11:200390. [PMID: 33906413 PMCID: PMC8080017 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite all the other cells that have the potential to prevent cancer development and metastasis through tumour suppressor proteins, cancer cells can upregulate the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) by which they can degrade tumour suppressor proteins and avoid apoptosis. This system plays an extensive role in cell regulation organized in two steps. Each step has an important role in controlling cancer. This demonstrates the importance of understanding UPS inhibitors and improving these inhibitors to foster a new hope in cancer therapy. UPS inhibitors, as less invasive chemotherapy drugs, are increasingly used to alleviate symptoms of various cancers in malignant states. Despite their success in reducing the development of cancer with the lowest side effects, thus far, an appropriate inhibitor that can effectively inactivate this system with the least drug resistance has not yet been fully investigated. A fundamental understanding of the system is necessary to fully elucidate its role in causing/controlling cancer. In this review, we first comprehensively investigate this system, and then each step containing ubiquitination and protein degradation as well as their inhibitors are discussed. Ultimately, its advantages and disadvantages and some perspectives for improving the efficiency of these inhibitors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Aliabadi
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Beheshteh Sohrabi
- Department of Chemistry, Surface Chemistry Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology, PO Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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27
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Ho K, Luo H, Zhu W, Tang Y. Critical role of SMG7 in activation of the ATR-CHK1 axis in response to genotoxic stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7502. [PMID: 33820915 PMCID: PMC8021557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86957-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CHK1 is a crucial DNA damage checkpoint kinase and its activation, which requires ATR and RAD17, leads to inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle progression. Recently, we reported that SMG7 stabilizes and activates p53 to induce G1 arrest upon DNA damage; here we show that SMG7 plays a critical role in the activation of the ATR-CHK1 axis. Following genotoxic stress, SMG7-null cells exhibit deficient ATR signaling, indicated by the attenuated phosphorylation of CHK1 and RPA32, and importantly, unhindered DNA replication and fork progression. Through its 14-3-3 domain, SMG7 interacts directly with the Ser635-phosphorylated RAD17 and promotes chromatin retention of the 9-1-1 complex by the RAD17-RFC, an essential step to CHK1 activation. Furthermore, through maintenance of CHK1 activity, SMG7 controls G2-M transition and facilitates orderly cell cycle progression during recovery from replication stress. Taken together, our data reveals SMG7 as an indispensable signaling component in the ATR-CHK1 pathway during genotoxic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Ho
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Hongwei Luo
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
- Key Laboratory of State Ethnic Affairs Commission for Biological Technology, College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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28
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Panagopoulos A, Altmeyer M. The Hammer and the Dance of Cell Cycle Control. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 46:301-314. [PMID: 33279370 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle checkpoints secure ordered progression from one cell cycle phase to the next. They are important to signal cell stress and DNA lesions and to stop cell cycle progression when severe problems occur. Recent work suggests, however, that the cell cycle control machinery responds in more subtle and sophisticated ways when cells are faced with naturally occurring challenges, such as replication impediments associated with endogenous replication stress. Instead of following a stop and go approach, cells use fine-tuned deceleration and brake release mechanisms under the control of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein kinase (ATR) and checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) to more flexibly adapt their cell cycle program to changing conditions. We highlight emerging examples of such intrinsic cell cycle checkpoint regulation and discuss their physiological and clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Panagopoulos
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Altmeyer
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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29
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Dang F, Nie L, Wei W. Ubiquitin signaling in cell cycle control and tumorigenesis. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:427-438. [PMID: 33130827 PMCID: PMC7862229 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle progression is a tightly regulated process by which DNA replicates and cell reproduces. The major driving force underlying cell cycle progression is the sequential activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which is achieved in part by the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of their cyclin partners and kinase inhibitors (CKIs). In eukaryotic cells, two families of E3 ubiquitin ligases, anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome and Skp1-Cul1-F-box protein complex, are responsible for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of many of these CDK regulators, ensuring cell cycle progresses in a timely and precisely regulated manner. In the past couple of decades, accumulating evidence have demonstrated that the dysregulated cell cycle transition caused by inefficient proteolytic control leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation and finally results in tumorigenesis. Based upon this notion, targeting the E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle regulation is expected to provide novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. Thus, a better understanding of the diversity and complexity of ubiquitin signaling in cell cycle regulation will shed new light on the precise control of the cell cycle progression and guide anticancer drug development. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabin Dang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Li Nie
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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30
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Bi Y, Cui D, Xiong X, Zhao Y. The characteristics and roles of β-TrCP1/2 in carcinogenesis. FEBS J 2020; 288:3351-3374. [PMID: 33021036 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
β-transducin repeat-containing protein (β-TrCP), one of the well-characterized F-box proteins, acts as a substrate receptor and constitutes an active SCFβ-TrCP E3 ligase with a scaffold protein CUL1, a RING protein RBX1, and an adaptor protein SKP1. β-TrCP plays a critical role in the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes, including signal transduction, cell cycle progression, cell migration, DNA damage response, and tumorigenesis, by governing burgeoning amounts of key regulators for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Given that a variety of β-TrCP substrates are well-known oncoproteins and tumor suppressors, and dysregulation of β-TrCP is frequently identified in human cancers, β-TrCP plays a vital role in carcinogenesis. In this review, we first briefly introduce the characteristics of β-TrCP1, β-TrCP2, and SCFβ-TrCP ubiquitin ligase, and then discuss SCFβ-TrCP ubiquitin ligase regulated biological processes by targeting its substrates for degradation. Moreover, we summarize the regulation of β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 at multiple layers and further discuss the various roles of β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 in human cancer, functioning as either an oncoprotein or a tumor suppressor in a manner dependent of cellular context. Finally, we provide novel insights for future perspectives on the potential of targeting β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Bi
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danrui Cui
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiufang Xiong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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31
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Neizer-Ashun F, Bhattacharya R. Reality CHEK: Understanding the biology and clinical potential of CHK1. Cancer Lett 2020; 497:202-211. [PMID: 32991949 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The DNA damage response enables cells to cope with various stresses that threaten genomic integrity. A critical component of this response is the serine/threonine kinase CHK1 which is encoded by the CHEK1 gene. Originally identified as a regulator of the G2/M checkpoint, CHK1 has since been shown to play important roles in DNA replication, mitotic progression, DNA repair, and overall cell cycle regulation. However, the potential of CHK1 as a cancer therapy has not been realized clinically. Herein we expound our current understanding of the principal roles of CHK1 and highlight different avenues for CHK1 targeting in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiifi Neizer-Ashun
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States; Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States.
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32
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Lafranchi L, Müllers E, Rutishauser D, Lindqvist A. FRET-Based Sorting of Live Cells Reveals Shifted Balance between PLK1 and CDK1 Activities During Checkpoint Recovery. Cells 2020; 9:E2126. [PMID: 32961751 PMCID: PMC7564076 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells recovering from the G2/M DNA damage checkpoint rely more on Aurora A-PLK1 signaling than cells progressing through an unperturbed G2 phase, but the reason for this discrepancy is not known. Here, we devised a method based on a FRET reporter for PLK1 activity to sort cells in distinct populations within G2 phase. We employed mass spectroscopy to characterize changes in protein levels through an unperturbed G2 phase and validated that ATAD2 levels decrease in a proteasome-dependent manner. Comparing unperturbed cells with cells recovering from DNA damage, we note that at similar PLK1 activities, recovering cells contain higher levels of Cyclin B1 and increased phosphorylation of CDK1 targets. The increased Cyclin B1 levels are due to continuous Cyclin B1 production during a DNA damage response and are sustained until mitosis. Whereas partial inhibition of PLK1 suppresses mitotic entry more efficiently when cells recover from a checkpoint, partial inhibition of CDK1 suppresses mitotic entry more efficiently in unperturbed cells. Our findings provide a resource for proteome changes during G2 phase, show that the mitotic entry network is rewired during a DNA damage response, and suggest that the bottleneck for mitotic entry shifts from CDK1 to PLK1 after DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Lafranchi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (L.L.); (E.M.)
| | - Erik Müllers
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (L.L.); (E.M.)
| | - Dorothea Rutishauser
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Science for Life Laboratory, SE-171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arne Lindqvist
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (L.L.); (E.M.)
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VanGenderen C, Harkness TAA, Arnason TG. The role of Anaphase Promoting Complex activation, inhibition and substrates in cancer development and progression. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15818-15855. [PMID: 32805721 PMCID: PMC7467358 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC), a multi-subunit ubiquitin ligase, facilitates mitotic and G1 progression, and is now recognized to play a role in maintaining genomic stability. Many APC substrates have been observed overexpressed in multiple cancer types, such as CDC20, the Aurora A and B kinases, and Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), suggesting APC activity is important for cell health. We performed BioGRID analyses of the APC coactivators CDC20 and CDH1, which revealed that at least 69 proteins serve as APC substrates, with 60 of them identified as playing a role in tumor promotion and 9 involved in tumor suppression. While these substrates and their association with malignancies have been studied in isolation, the possibility exists that generalized APC dysfunction could result in the inappropriate stabilization of multiple APC targets, thereby changing tumor behavior and treatment responsiveness. It is also possible that the APC itself plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis through its regulation of mitotic progression. In this review the connections between APC activity and dysregulation will be discussed with regards to cell cycle dysfunction and chromosome instability in cancer, along with the individual roles that the accumulation of various APC substrates may play in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordell VanGenderen
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Troy Anthony Alan Harkness
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Terra Gayle Arnason
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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Smits VAJ, Alonso-de Vega I, Warmerdam DO. Chromatin regulators and their impact on DNA repair and G2 checkpoint recovery. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2083-2093. [PMID: 32730133 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1796037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin plays a pivotal role in regulating the DNA damage response and during DNA double-strand break repair. Upon the generation of DNA breaks, the chromatin structure is altered by post-translational modifications of histones and chromatin remodeling. How the chromatin structure, and the epigenetic information that it carries, is reestablished after the completion of DNA break repair remains unclear though. Also, how these processes influence recovery of the cell cycle remains poorly understood. We recently performed a reverse genetic screen for novel chromatin regulators that control checkpoint recovery after DNA damage. Here we discuss the implications of PHD finger protein 6 (PHF6) and additional candidates from the NuA4 ATPase-dependent chromatin-remodeling complex and the Cohesin complex, required for sister chromatid cohesion, in DNA repair and checkpoint recovery in more detail. In addition, the potential role of this novel function of PHF6 in cancer development and treatment is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique A J Smits
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias , La Laguna, Spain.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna , Tenerife, Spain.,Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias , Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alonso-de Vega
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias , La Laguna, Spain.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna , Tenerife, Spain
| | - Daniël O Warmerdam
- CRISPR Platform, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Pal D, Torres AE, Stromberg BR, Messina AL, Dickson AS, De K, Willard B, Venere M, Summers MK. Chk1-mediated phosphorylation of Cdh1 promotes the SCF βTRCP-dependent degradation of Cdh1 during S-phase and efficient cell-cycle progression. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:298. [PMID: 32345958 PMCID: PMC7188793 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2493-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
APC/CCdh1 is a ubiquitin ligase with roles in numerous diverse processes, including control of cellular proliferation and multiple aspects of the DNA damage response. Precise regulation of APC/CCdh1 activity is central to efficient cell-cycle progression and cellular homeostasis. Here, we have identified Cdh1 as a direct substrate of the replication stress checkpoint effector kinase Chk1 and demonstrate that Chk1-mediated phosphorylation of Cdh1 contributes to its recognition by the SCFβTRCP ubiquitin ligase, promotes efficient S-phase entry, and is important for cellular proliferation during otherwise unperturbed cell cycles. We also find that prolonged Chk1 activity in late S/G2 inhibits Cdh1 accumulation. In addition to promoting control of APC/CCdh1 activity by facilitating Cdh1 destruction, we find that Chk1 also antagonizes activity of the ligase by perturbing the interaction between Cdh1 and the APC/C. Overall, these data suggest that the rise and fall of Chk1 activity contributes to the regulation of APC/CCdh1 activity that enhances the replication process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjani Pal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Bioscience Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Adrian E Torres
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Benjamin R Stromberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Abbey L Messina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Andrew S Dickson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Kuntal De
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Bioscience Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Belinda Willard
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Monica Venere
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Matthew K Summers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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36
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Wang Y, Tian J, Huang C, Ma J, Hu G, Chen Y, Wang T, Cai R, Zuo Y, Tan H, Fan Q, Dong B, Xue W, Yi J, Chen G, Tu J, Cheng J. P53 suppresses SENP3 phosphorylation to mediate G2 checkpoint. Cell Discov 2020; 6:21. [PMID: 32351703 PMCID: PMC7171148 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-020-0154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to DNA damage, p53-mediated signaling is regulated by protein phosphorylation and ubiquitination to precisely control G2 checkpoint. Here we demonstrated that protein SUMOylation also engaged in regulation of p53-mediated G2 checkpoint. We found that G2 DNA damage suppressed SENP3 phosphorylation at G2/M phases in p53-dependent manner. We further found that the suppression of SENP3 phosphorylation was crucial for efficient DNA damage/p53-induced G2 checkpoint and G2 arrest. Mechanistically, we identified Cdh1, a subunit of APC/C complex, was a SUMOylated protein at G2/M phase. SENP3 could de-SUMOylate Cdh1. DNA damage/p53-induced suppression of SENP3 phosphorylation activated SENP3 de-SUMOylation of Cdh. De-SUMOylation promoted Cdh1 de-phosphorylation by phosphatase Cdc14B, and then activated APC/CCdh1 E3 ligase activity to ubiquitate and degrade Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) in process of G2 checkpoint. These data reveal that p53-mediated inhibition of SENP3 phosphorylation regulates the activation of Cdc14b-APC/CCdh1-Plk1 axis to control DNA damage-induced G2 checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Thoracic Oncology Institute at Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Gaolei Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Yalan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Tianshi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203 Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuju Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Jinke Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
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ZAKα Recognizes Stalled Ribosomes through Partially Redundant Sensor Domains. Mol Cell 2020; 78:700-713.e7. [PMID: 32289254 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Impairment of ribosome function activates the MAPKKK ZAK, leading to activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases p38 and JNK and inflammatory signaling. The mechanistic basis for activation of this ribotoxic stress response (RSR) remains completely obscure. We show that the long isoform of ZAK (ZAKα) directly associates with ribosomes by inserting its flexible C terminus into the ribosomal intersubunit space. Here, ZAKα binds helix 14 of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). An adjacent domain in ZAKα also probes the ribosome, and together, these sensor domains are critically required for RSR activation after inhibition of both the E-site, the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), and ribotoxin action. Finally, we show that ablation of the RSR response leads to organismal phenotypes and decreased lifespan in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our findings yield mechanistic insight into how cells detect ribotoxic stress and provide experimental in vivo evidence for its physiological importance.
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38
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Blackford AN, Stucki M. How Cells Respond to DNA Breaks in Mitosis. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:321-331. [PMID: 32001093 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are highly toxic lesions that can lead to chromosomal instability if they are not repaired correctly. DSBs are especially dangerous in mitosis when cells go through the complex process of equal chromosome segregation into daughter cells. When cells encounter DSBs in interphase, they are able to arrest the cell cycle until the breaks are repaired before entering mitosis. However, when DSBs occur during mitosis, cells no longer arrest but prioritize completion of cell division over repair of DNA damage. This review focuses on recent progress in our understanding of the mechanisms that allow mitotic cells to postpone DSB repair without accumulating massive chromosomal instability. Additionally, we review possible physiological consequences of failed DSB responses in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Blackford
- Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Cancer Research UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Manuel Stucki
- Department of Gynecology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 14, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.
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39
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Posttranscriptional control of the replication stress response via TTP-mediated Claspin mRNA stabilization. Oncogene 2020; 39:3245-3257. [PMID: 32086441 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ATR and CHK1 play key roles in the protection and recovery of the stalled replication forks. Claspin, an adaptor for CHK1 activation, is essential for DNA damage signaling and efficient replication fork progression. Here, we show that tristetraprolin (TTP), an mRNA-binding protein, can modulate the replication stress response via stabilization of Claspin mRNA. TTP depletion compromised specifically in the phosphorylation of CHK1, but not p53 or H2AX among other ATR substrates, and produced CHK1-defective replication phenotypes including accumulation of stalled replication forks. Importantly, the expression of siRNA-resistant TTP in TTP-deficient cells restored CHK1 phosphorylation and reduced the number of stalled replication forks as close to the control cells. Besides, we found that TTP was required for efficient replication fork progression even in the absence of exogenous DNA damage in a Claspin-dependent manner. Mechanistically, TTP was able to bind to the 3'-untranslated region of Claspin mRNA to increase the stability of Claspin mRNA which eventually contributed to the subsequent ATR-CHK1 activation upon DNA damage. Taken together, our results revealed an intimate link between TTP-dependent Claspin mRNA stability and ATR-CHK1-dependent replication fork stability to maintain replication fork integrity and chromosomal stability.
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40
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Warmerdam DO, Alonso‐de Vega I, Wiegant WW, van den Broek B, Rother MB, Wolthuis RMF, Freire R, van Attikum H, Medema RH, Smits VAJ. PHF6 promotes non-homologous end joining and G2 checkpoint recovery. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48460. [PMID: 31782600 PMCID: PMC6944915 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to DNA breaks is influenced by chromatin compaction. To identify chromatin regulators involved in the DNA damage response, we screened for genes that affect recovery following DNA damage using an RNAi library of chromatin regulators. We identified genes involved in chromatin remodeling, sister chromatid cohesion, and histone acetylation not previously associated with checkpoint recovery. Among these is the PHD finger protein 6 (PHF6), a gene mutated in Börjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome and leukemic cancers. We find that loss of PHF6 dramatically compromises checkpoint recovery in G2 phase cells. Moreover, PHF6 is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA lesions in a PARP-dependent manner and required for efficient DNA repair through classical non-homologous end joining. These results indicate that PHF6 is a novel DNA damage response regulator that promotes end joining-mediated repair, thereby stimulating timely recovery from the G2 checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniël O Warmerdam
- CRISPR PlatformCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of Cell BiologyOncode InstituteThe Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Alonso‐de Vega
- Unidad de InvestigaciónHospital Universitario de CanariasLa LagunaTenerifeSpain
- Instituto de Tecnologías BiomédicasUniversidad de La LagunaTenerifeSpain
| | - Wouter W Wiegant
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Bram van den Broek
- Division of Cell BiologyOncode InstituteThe Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- BioImaging FacilityThe Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Magdalena B Rother
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Rob MF Wolthuis
- Section of OncogeneticsDepartment of Clinical GeneticsVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Raimundo Freire
- Unidad de InvestigaciónHospital Universitario de CanariasLa LagunaTenerifeSpain
- Instituto de Tecnologías BiomédicasUniversidad de La LagunaTenerifeSpain
- Universidad Fernando Pessoa CanariasLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Haico van Attikum
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - René H Medema
- Division of Cell BiologyOncode InstituteThe Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Veronique AJ Smits
- Unidad de InvestigaciónHospital Universitario de CanariasLa LagunaTenerifeSpain
- Instituto de Tecnologías BiomédicasUniversidad de La LagunaTenerifeSpain
- Universidad Fernando Pessoa CanariasLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
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Pérez-Benavente B, Nasresfahani AF, Farràs R. Ubiquitin-Regulated Cell Proliferation and Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1233:3-28. [PMID: 32274751 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38266-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin ligases (E3) play a crucial role in the regulation of different cellular processes such as proliferation and differentiation via recognition, interaction, and ubiquitination of key cellular proteins in a spatial and temporal regulated manner. The type of ubiquitin chain formed determines the fate of the substrates. The ubiquitinated substrates can be degraded by the proteasome, display altered subcellular localization, or can suffer modifications on their interaction with functional protein complexes. Deregulation of E3 activities is frequently found in various human pathologies, including cancer. The illegitimated or accelerated degradation of oncosuppressive proteins or, inversely, the abnormally high accumulation of oncoproteins, contributes to cell proliferation and transformation. Anomalies in protein abundance may be related to mutations that alter the direct or indirect recognition of proteins by the E3 enzymes or alterations in the level of expression or activity of ubiquitin ligases. Through a few examples, we illustrate here the complexity and diversity of the molecular mechanisms related to protein ubiquitination involved in cell cycle regulation. We will discuss the role of ubiquitin-dependent degradation mediated by the proteasome, the role of non-proteolytic ubiquitination during cell cycle progression, and the consequences of this deregulation on cellular transformation. Finally, we will highlight the novel opportunities that arise from these studies for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosa Farràs
- Oncogenic Signaling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain.
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42
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Entrenching role of cell cycle checkpoints and autophagy for maintenance of genomic integrity. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 86:102748. [PMID: 31790874 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Genomic integrity of the cell is crucial for the successful transmission of genetic information to the offspring and its survival. Persistent DNA damage induced by endogenous and exogenous agents leads to various metabolic manifestations. To combat this, eukaryotes have developed complex DNA damage response (DDR) pathway which senses the DNA damage and activates an arsenal of enzymes for the repair of damaged DNA. The active pathways for DNA repair are nucleotide excision repair (NER), base excision repair (BER) and mismatch repair (MMR) for single-strand break repair whereas homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) for double-strand break repair. OGG1 is a DNA glycosylase which initiates BER while Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) protein complex is the primary responder to DSBs which gets localized to damage sites. DNA damage response is meticulously executed by three related kinases: ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK. ATM- and ATR-dependent phosphorylation of p53, Chk1, and Chk2 regulate the G1/S, intra-S, or G2/M checkpoints of the cell cycle, respectively. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of DNA repair and maintains the cellular homeostasis. Genotoxic stress-induced altered autophagy occurs in a P53 dependent manner which is also the master regulator of genotoxic stress. A plethora of proteins involved in autophagy is regulated by p53 which involve DRAM, DAPK, and AMPK. As evident, the mtDNA is more prone to damage than nuclear DNA because of its close proximity to the site of ROS generation. Depending on the extent of damage either the repair mechanism or mitophagy gets triggered. SIRT1 is the master regulator which directs the stress response to mitophagy. Nix, a LC3 adapter also participates in Parkin mediated mitophagy. This review highlights the intricate crosstalks between DNA damage and cell cycle checkpoints activation. The DNA damage mediated regulation of autophagy and mitophagy is also reviewed in detail.
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43
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Lemmens B, Lindqvist A. DNA replication and mitotic entry: A brake model for cell cycle progression. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:3892-3902. [PMID: 31712253 PMCID: PMC6891093 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201909032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemmens and Lindqvist discuss how DNA replication and mitosis are coordinated and propose a cell cycle model controlled by brakes. The core function of the cell cycle is to duplicate the genome and divide the duplicated DNA into two daughter cells. These processes need to be carefully coordinated, as cell division before DNA replication is complete leads to genome instability and cell death. Recent observations show that DNA replication, far from being only a consequence of cell cycle progression, plays a key role in coordinating cell cycle activities. DNA replication, through checkpoint kinase signaling, restricts the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) that promote cell division. The S/G2 transition is therefore emerging as a crucial regulatory step to determine the timing of mitosis. Here we discuss recent observations that redefine the coupling between DNA replication and cell division and incorporate these insights into an updated cell cycle model for human cells. We propose a cell cycle model based on a single trigger and sequential releases of three molecular brakes that determine the kinetics of CDK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bennie Lemmens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet and Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arne Lindqvist
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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44
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Fouad S, Wells OS, Hill MA, D'Angiolella V. Cullin Ring Ubiquitin Ligases (CRLs) in Cancer: Responses to Ionizing Radiation (IR) Treatment. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1144. [PMID: 31632280 PMCID: PMC6781834 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment with ionizing radiation (IR) remains the cornerstone of therapy for multiple cancer types, including disseminated and aggressive diseases in the palliative setting. Radiotherapy efficacy could be improved in combination with drugs that regulate the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), many of which are currently being tested in clinical trials. The UPS operates through the covalent attachment of ATP-activated ubiquitin molecules onto substrates following the transfer of ubiquitin from an E1, to an E2, and then to the substrate via an E3 enzyme. The specificity of ubiquitin ligation is dictated by E3 ligases, which select substrates to be ubiquitylated. Among the E3s, cullin ring ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) represent prototypical multi-subunit E3s, which use the cullin subunit as a central assembling scaffold. CRLs have crucial roles in controlling the cell cycle, hypoxia signaling, reactive oxygen species clearance and DNA repair; pivotal factors regulating the cancer and normal tissue response to IR. Here, we summarize the findings on the involvement of CRLs in the response of cancer cells to IR, and we discuss the therapeutic approaches to target the CRLs which could be exploited in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahd Fouad
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Owen S Wells
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Hill
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo D'Angiolella
- Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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45
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Thompson R, Gatenby R, Sidi S. How Cells Handle DNA Breaks during Mitosis: Detection, Signaling, Repair, and Fate Choice. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091049. [PMID: 31500247 PMCID: PMC6770852 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitosis is controlled by a complex series of signaling pathways but mitotic control following DNA damage remains poorly understood. Effective DNA damage sensing and repair is integral to survival but is largely thought to occur primarily in interphase and be repressed during mitosis due to the risk of telomere fusion. There is, however, increasing evidence to suggest tight control of mitotic progression in the incidence of DNA damage, whether induced in mitotic cells or having progressed from failed interphase checkpoints. Here we will discuss what is known to date about signaling pathways controlling mitotic progression and resulting cell fate in the incidence of mitotic DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Thompson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
| | - Rachel Gatenby
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
| | - Samuel Sidi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10025, USA.
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10025, USA.
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10025, USA.
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46
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Michelena J, Gatti M, Teloni F, Imhof R, Altmeyer M. Basal CHK1 activity safeguards its stability to maintain intrinsic S-phase checkpoint functions. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:2865-2875. [PMID: 31366665 PMCID: PMC6719454 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201902085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential kinase CHK1 controls cell cycle checkpoint signaling and S-phase progression. Michelena et al. reveal that steady-state activity of CHK1 is required to sustain its own stability and that failure to do so results in CHK1 degradation and sensitizes cells to replication stress. The DNA replication machinery frequently encounters impediments that slow replication fork progression and threaten timely and error-free replication. The CHK1 protein kinase is essential to deal with replication stress (RS) and ensure genome integrity and cell survival, yet how basal levels and activity of CHK1 are maintained under physiological, unstressed conditions is not well understood. Here, we reveal that CHK1 stability is controlled by its steady-state activity during unchallenged cell proliferation. This autoactivatory mechanism, which depends on ATR and its coactivator ETAA1 and is tightly associated with CHK1 autophosphorylation at S296, counters CHK1 ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation, thereby preventing attenuation of S-phase checkpoint functions and a compromised capacity to respond to RS. Based on these findings, we propose that steady-state CHK1 activity safeguards its stability to maintain intrinsic checkpoint functions and ensure genome integrity and cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Michelena
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Gatti
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federico Teloni
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Molecular Life Sciences Program, Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Imhof
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Altmeyer
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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47
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Cabrera E, Raninga P, Khanna KK, Freire R. GSK3-β Stimulates Claspin Degradation via β-TrCP Ubiquitin Ligase and Alters Cancer Cell Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081073. [PMID: 31362447 PMCID: PMC6721324 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Claspin is essential for activating the DNA damage checkpoint effector kinase Chk1, a target in oncotherapy. Claspin functions are tightly correlated to Claspin protein stability, regulated by ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Here we identify Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3-β (GSK3-β) as a new regulator of Claspin stability. Interestingly, as Chk1, GSK3-β is a therapeutic target in cancer. GSK3-β inhibition or knockdown stabilizes Claspin, whereas a GSK3-β constitutively active form reduces Claspin protein levels by ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. Our results also suggest that GSK3-β modulates the interaction of Claspin with β-TrCP, a critical E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates Claspin stability. Importantly, GSK3-β knock down increases Chk1 activation in response to DNA damage in a Claspin-dependent manner. Therefore, Chk1 activation could be a pro-survival mechanism that becomes activated upon GSK3-β inhibition. Importantly, treating triple negative breast cancer cell lines with Chk1 or GSK3-β inhibitors alone or in combination, demonstrates that Chk1/GSK3-β double inhibition restrains cell growth and triggers more apoptosis compared to individual treatments, thereby revealing novel possibilities for a combination therapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cabrera
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra s/n, La Cuesta, 38320 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Prahlad Raninga
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Raimundo Freire
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra s/n, La Cuesta, 38320 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, 35450 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Rayner SL, Morsch M, Molloy MP, Shi B, Chung R, Lee A. Using proteomics to identify ubiquitin ligase-substrate pairs: how novel methods may unveil therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2499-2510. [PMID: 30919022 PMCID: PMC11105231 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin ligases play an integral role in fine-tuning signaling cascades necessary for normal cell function. Aberrant regulation of ubiquitin ligases has been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases, generally, due to mutations within the E3 ligase itself. Several proteomic-based methods have recently emerged to facilitate the rapid identification of ligase-substrate pairs-a previously challenging feat due to the transient nature of ligase-substrate interactions. These novel methods complement standard immunoprecipitations (IPs) and include proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID), ubiquitin ligase-substrate trapping, tandem ubiquitin-binding entities (TUBEs), and a molecular trapping unit known as the NEDDylator. The implementation of these techniques is expected to facilitate the rapid identification of novel substrates of E3 ubiquitin ligases, a process that is likely to enhance our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and highlight novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Rayner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Marco Morsch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Pacific Hwy, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Roger Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Albert Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals potential evolutionary differences in adaptation of temperature and body shape among four Percidae species. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215933. [PMID: 31063465 PMCID: PMC6504104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the divergent temperature habitats and morphological traits of four Percidae species: yellow perch (Perca flavescens), Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis), pike perch (Sander lucioperca), and ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua), we stepped into the transcriptome level to discover genes and mechanisms that drive adaptation to different temperature environments and evolution in body shape. Based on 93,566 to 181,246 annotated unigenes of the four species, we identified 1,117 one-to-one orthologous genes and subsequently constructed the phylogenetic trees that are consistent with previous studies. Together with the tree, the ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions presented decreased evolutionary rates from the D. rerio branch to the sub-branch clustered by P. flavescens and P. fluviatilis. The specific 93 fast-evolving genes and 57 positively selected genes in P. flavescens, compared with 22 shared fast-evolving genes among P. fluviatilis, G. cernua, and S. lucioperca, showed an intrinsic foundation that ensure its adaptation to the warmer Great Lakes and farther south, especially in functional terms like “Cul4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.” Meanwhile, the specific 78 fast-evolving genes and 41 positively selected genes in S. lucioperca drew a clear picture of how it evolved to a large and elongated body with camera-type eyes and muscle strength so that it could occupy the highest position in the food web. Overall, our results uncover genetic basis that support evolutionary adaptation of temperature and body shape in four Percid species, and could furthermore assist studies on environmental adaptation in fishes.
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Verma N, Franchitto M, Zonfrilli A, Cialfi S, Palermo R, Talora C. DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1073. [PMID: 30832234 PMCID: PMC6429504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA is an entity shielded by mechanisms that maintain genomic stability and are essential for living cells; however, DNA is constantly subject to assaults from the environment throughout the cellular life span, making the genome susceptible to mutation and irreparable damage. Cells are prepared to mend such events through cell death as an extrema ratio to solve those threats from a multicellular perspective. However, in cells under various stress conditions, checkpoint mechanisms are activated to allow cells to have enough time to repair the damaged DNA. In yeast, entry into the cell cycle when damage is not completely repaired represents an adaptive mechanism to cope with stressful conditions. In multicellular organisms, entry into cell cycle with damaged DNA is strictly forbidden. However, in cancer development, individual cells undergo checkpoint adaptation, in which most cells die, but some survive acquiring advantageous mutations and selfishly evolve a conflictual behavior. In this review, we focus on how, in cancer development, cells rely on checkpoint adaptation to escape DNA stress and ultimately to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagendra Verma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Matteo Franchitto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Azzurra Zonfrilli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Samantha Cialfi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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