1
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Li H, Wen X, Ren Y, Fan Z, Zhang J, He G, Fu L. Targeting PI3K family with small-molecule inhibitors in cancer therapy: current clinical status and future directions. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:164. [PMID: 39127670 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) family is well-known to comprise three classes of intracellular enzymes. Class I PI3Ks primarily function in signaling by responding to cell surface receptor stimulation, while class II and III are more involved in membrane transport. Under normal physiological conditions, the PI3K signaling network orchestrates cell growth, division, migration and survival. Aberrant activation of the PI3K signaling pathway disrupts cellular activity and metabolism, often marking the onset of cancer. Currently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the clinical use of five class I PI3K inhibitors. These small-molecule inhibitors, which exhibit varying selectivity for different class I PI3K family members, are primarily used in the treatment of breast cancer and hematologic malignancies. Therefore, the development of novel class I PI3K inhibitors has been a prominent research focus in the field of oncology, aiming to enhance potential therapeutic selectivity and effectiveness. In this review, we summarize the specific structures of PI3Ks and their functional roles in cancer progression. Additionally, we critically evaluate small molecule inhibitors that target class I PI3K, with a particular focus on their clinical applications in cancer treatment. Moreover, we aim to analyze therapeutic approaches for different types of cancers marked by aberrant PI3K activation and to identify potential molecular targets amenable to intervention with small-molecule inhibitors. Ultimately, we propose future directions for the development of therapeutic strategies that optimize cancer treatment outcomes by modulating the PI3K family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyao Li
- Institute of Precision Drug Innovation and Cancer Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yueting Ren
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Brain Science, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, SW72AZ, UK
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Institute of Precision Drug Innovation and Cancer Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Leilei Fu
- Institute of Precision Drug Innovation and Cancer Center, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
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2
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Marin-Lopez A, Huck JD, Esterly AT, Azcutia V, Rosen C, Garcia-Milian R, Sefik E, Vidal-Pedrola G, Raduwan H, Chen TY, Arora G, Halene S, Shaw AC, Palm NW, Flavell RA, Parkos CA, Thangamani S, Ring AM, Fikrig E. The human CD47 checkpoint is targeted by an immunosuppressive Aedes aegypti salivary factor to enhance arboviral skin infectivity. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadk9872. [PMID: 39121194 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk9872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a vector of many infectious agents, including flaviviruses such as Zika virus. Components of mosquito saliva have pleomorphic effects on the vertebrate host to enhance blood feeding, and these changes also create a favorable niche for pathogen replication and dissemination. Here, we demonstrate that human CD47, which is known to be involved in various immune processes, interacts with a 34-kilodalton mosquito salivary protein named Nest1. Nest1 is up-regulated in blood-fed female A. aegypti and facilitates Zika virus dissemination in human skin explants. Nest1 has a stronger affinity for CD47 than its natural ligand, signal regulatory protein α, competing for binding at the same interface. The interaction between Nest1 with CD47 suppresses phagocytosis by human macrophages and inhibits proinflammatory responses by white blood cells, thereby suppressing antiviral responses in the skin. This interaction elucidates how an arthropod protein alters the human response to promote arbovirus infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Marin-Lopez
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John D Huck
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Allen T Esterly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Veronica Azcutia
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Connor Rosen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia-Milian
- Bioinformatics Support Program, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Esen Sefik
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gemma Vidal-Pedrola
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hamidah Raduwan
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tse-Yu Chen
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gunjan Arora
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephanie Halene
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Albert C Shaw
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Noah W Palm
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Saravanan Thangamani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Aaron M Ring
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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3
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Lolicato F, Nickel W, Haucke V, Ebner M. Phosphoinositide switches in cell physiology - From molecular mechanisms to disease. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105757. [PMID: 38364889 PMCID: PMC10944118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides are amphipathic lipid molecules derived from phosphatidylinositol that represent low abundance components of biological membranes. Rather than serving as mere structural elements of lipid bilayers, they represent molecular switches for a broad range of biological processes, including cell signaling, membrane dynamics and remodeling, and many other functions. Here, we focus on the molecular mechanisms that turn phosphoinositides into molecular switches and how the dysregulation of these processes can lead to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Lolicato
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Walter Nickel
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Ebner
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.
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4
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Juyoux P, Galdadas I, Gobbo D, von Velsen J, Pelosse M, Tully M, Vadas O, Gervasio FL, Pellegrini E, Bowler MW. Architecture of the MKK6-p38α complex defines the basis of MAPK specificity and activation. Science 2023; 381:1217-1225. [PMID: 37708276 PMCID: PMC7615176 DOI: 10.1126/science.add7859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38α is a central component of signaling in inflammation and the immune response and is, therefore, an important drug target. Little is known about the molecular mechanism of its activation by double phosphorylation from MAPK kinases (MAP2Ks), because of the challenge of trapping a transient and dynamic heterokinase complex. We applied a multidisciplinary approach to generate a structural model of p38α in complex with its MAP2K, MKK6, and to understand the activation mechanism. Integrating cryo-electron microscopy with molecular dynamics simulations, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, and experiments in cells, we demonstrate a dynamic, multistep phosphorylation mechanism, identify catalytically relevant interactions, and show that MAP2K-disordered amino termini determine pathway specificity. Our work captures a fundamental step of cell signaling: a kinase phosphorylating its downstream target kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Juyoux
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Grenoble, France
| | - Ioannis Galdadas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dorothea Gobbo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jill von Velsen
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Grenoble, France
| | - Martin Pelosse
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Grenoble, France
| | - Mark Tully
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - Oscar Vadas
- Protein and peptide purification platform, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Luigi Gervasio
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland
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5
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Safaroghli-Azar A, Sanaei MJ, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Bashash D. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) classes: From cell signaling to endocytic recycling and autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175827. [PMID: 37269974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipid signaling is defined as any biological signaling action in which a lipid messenger binds to a protein target, converting its effects to specific cellular responses. In this complex biological pathway, the family of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) represents a pivotal role and affects many aspects of cellular biology from cell survival, proliferation, and migration to endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, metabolism, and autophagy. While yeasts have a single isoform of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammals possess eight PI3K types divided into three classes. The class I PI3Ks have set the stage to widen research interest in the field of cancer biology. The aberrant activation of class I PI3Ks has been identified in 30-50% of human tumors, and activating mutations in PIK3CA is one of the most frequent oncogenes in human cancer. In addition to indirect participation in cell signaling, class II and III PI3Ks primarily regulate vesicle trafficking. Class III PI3Ks are also responsible for autophagosome formation and autophagy flux. The current review aims to discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on the latest discoveries regarding PI3Ks-mediated cell biological processes. Also, we unravel the mechanisms by which pools of the same phosphoinositides (PIs) derived from different PI3K types act differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Badoiu SC, Greabu M, Miricescu D, Stanescu-Spinu II, Ilinca R, Balan DG, Balcangiu-Stroescu AE, Mihai DA, Vacaroiu IA, Stefani C, Jinga V. PI3K/AKT/mTOR Dysregulation and Reprogramming Metabolic Pathways in Renal Cancer: Crosstalk with the VHL/HIF Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8391. [PMID: 37176098 PMCID: PMC10179314 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents 85-95% of kidney cancers and is the most frequent type of renal cancer in adult patients. It accounts for 3% of all cancer cases and is in 7th place among the most frequent histological types of cancer. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), accounts for 75% of RCCs and has the most kidney cancer-related deaths. One-third of the patients with ccRCC develop metastases. Renal cancer presents cellular alterations in sugars, lipids, amino acids, and nucleic acid metabolism. RCC is characterized by several metabolic dysregulations including oxygen sensing (VHL/HIF pathway), glucose transporters (GLUT 1 and GLUT 4) energy sensing, and energy nutrient sensing cascade. Metabolic reprogramming represents an important characteristic of the cancer cells to survive in nutrient and oxygen-deprived environments, to proliferate and metastasize in different body sites. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT-mammalian target of the rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway is usually dysregulated in various cancer types including renal cancer. This molecular pathway is frequently correlated with tumor growth and survival. The main aim of this review is to present renal cancer types, dysregulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway members, crosstalk with VHL/HIF axis, and carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acid alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silviu Constantin Badoiu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Greabu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, Sector 5, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniela Miricescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, Sector 5, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, Sector 5, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Radu Ilinca
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniela Gabriela Balan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.G.B.); (A.-E.B.-S.)
| | - Andra-Elena Balcangiu-Stroescu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.G.B.); (A.-E.B.-S.)
| | - Doina-Andrada Mihai
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ileana Adela Vacaroiu
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Constantin Stefani
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, Dr. Carol Davila Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Department of Urology, “Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele” Hospital, 050653 Bucharest, Romania
- “Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele” Clinical Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Medical Sciences Section, Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050085 Bucharest, Romania
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7
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Kumar A, Vadas O, Dos Santos Pacheco N, Zhang X, Chao K, Darvill N, Rasmussen HØ, Xu Y, Lin GMH, Stylianou FA, Pedersen JS, Rouse SL, Morgan ML, Soldati-Favre D, Matthews S. Structural and regulatory insights into the glideosome-associated connector from Toxoplasma gondii. eLife 2023; 12:e86049. [PMID: 37014051 PMCID: PMC10125020 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The phylum of Apicomplexa groups intracellular parasites that employ substrate-dependent gliding motility to invade host cells, egress from the infected cells, and cross biological barriers. The glideosome-associated connector (GAC) is a conserved protein essential to this process. GAC facilitates the association of actin filaments with surface transmembrane adhesins and the efficient transmission of the force generated by myosin translocation of actin to the cell surface substrate. Here, we present the crystal structure of Toxoplasma gondii GAC and reveal a unique, supercoiled armadillo repeat region that adopts a closed ring conformation. Characterisation of the solution properties together with membrane and F-actin binding interfaces suggests that GAC adopts several conformations from closed to open and extended. A multi-conformational model for assembly and regulation of GAC within the glideosome is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Oscar Vadas
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Nicolas Dos Santos Pacheco
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kin Chao
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Darvill
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Helena Ø Rasmussen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Yingqi Xu
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Gloria Meng-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | | | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Sarah L Rouse
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Marc L Morgan
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Dominique Soldati-Favre
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Stephen Matthews
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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8
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Fleeman R. Repurposing Inhibitors of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase as Adjuvant Therapeutics for Bacterial Infections. FRONTIERS IN ANTIBIOTICS 2023; 2:1135485. [PMID: 38983593 PMCID: PMC11233138 DOI: 10.3389/frabi.2023.1135485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The rise in antimicrobial resistance and the decline in new antibiotics has created a great need for novel approaches to treat drug resistant bacterial infections. Increasing the burden of antimicrobial resistance, bacterial virulence factors allow for survival within the host, where they can evade host killing and antimicrobial therapy within their intracellular niches. Repurposing host directed therapeutics has great potential for adjuvants to allow for more effective bacterial killing by the host and antimicrobials. To this end, phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors are FDA approved for cancer therapy, but also have potential to eliminate intracellular survival of pathogens. This review describes the PI3K pathway and its potential as an adjuvant target to treat bacterial infections more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee Fleeman
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida. Orlando, FL 32837
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9
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Lo WT, Belabed H, Kücükdisli M, Metag J, Roske Y, Prokofeva P, Ohashi Y, Horatscheck A, Cirillo D, Krauss M, Schmied C, Neuenschwander M, von Kries JP, Médard G, Kuster B, Perisic O, Williams RL, Daumke O, Payrastre B, Severin S, Nazaré M, Haucke V. Development of selective inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase C2α. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:18-27. [PMID: 36109648 PMCID: PMC7613998 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase type 2α (PI3KC2α) and related class II PI3K isoforms are of increasing biomedical interest because of their crucial roles in endocytic membrane dynamics, cell division and signaling, angiogenesis, and platelet morphology and function. Herein we report the development and characterization of PhosphatidylInositol Three-kinase Class twO INhibitors (PITCOINs), potent and highly selective small-molecule inhibitors of PI3KC2α catalytic activity. PITCOIN compounds exhibit strong selectivity toward PI3KC2α due to their unique mode of interaction with the ATP-binding site of the enzyme. We demonstrate that acute inhibition of PI3KC2α-mediated synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphates by PITCOINs impairs endocytic membrane dynamics and membrane remodeling during platelet-dependent thrombus formation. PITCOINs are potent and selective cell-permeable inhibitors of PI3KC2α function with potential biomedical applications ranging from thrombosis to diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Lo
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hassane Belabed
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Murat Kücükdisli
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Metag
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yvette Roske
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Kristallographie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Polina Prokofeva
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Yohei Ohashi
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - André Horatscheck
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Davide Cirillo
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Krauss
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Schmied
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Neuenschwander
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Peter von Kries
- grid.418832.40000 0001 0610 524XLeibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Guillaume Médard
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Olga Perisic
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roger L. Williams
- grid.42475.300000 0004 0605 769XMRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oliver Daumke
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Kristallographie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- Inserm, U1297-Université, Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France ,grid.411175.70000 0001 1457 2980Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Sonia Severin
- Inserm, U1297-Université, Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Departments of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany. .,Departments of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Burke JE, Triscott J, Emerling BM, Hammond GRV. Beyond PI3Ks: targeting phosphoinositide kinases in disease. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 22:357-386. [PMID: 36376561 PMCID: PMC9663198 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipid phosphoinositides are master regulators of almost all aspects of a cell's life and death and are generated by the tightly regulated activity of phosphoinositide kinases. Although extensive efforts have focused on drugging class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), recent years have revealed opportunities for targeting almost all phosphoinositide kinases in human diseases, including cancer, immunodeficiencies, viral infection and neurodegenerative disease. This has led to widespread efforts in the clinical development of potent and selective inhibitors of phosphoinositide kinases. This Review summarizes our current understanding of the molecular basis for the involvement of phosphoinositide kinases in disease and assesses the preclinical and clinical development of phosphoinositide kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. Burke
- grid.143640.40000 0004 1936 9465Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia Canada ,grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Joanna Triscott
- grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brooke M. Emerling
- grid.479509.60000 0001 0163 8573Sanford Burnham Prebys, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Gerald R. V. Hammond
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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11
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Huang R, Dai Q, Yang R, Duan Y, Zhao Q, Haybaeck J, Yang Z. A Review: PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway and Its Regulated Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factors May Be a Potential Therapeutic Target in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:817916. [PMID: 35574327 PMCID: PMC9096244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.817916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant tumor developing from the esophageal squamous epithelium, and is the most common histological subtype of esophageal cancer (EC). EC ranks 10th in morbidity and sixth in mortality worldwide. The morbidity and mortality rates in China are both higher than the world average. Current treatments of ESCC are surgical treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgical resection is recommended for advanced patients. However, it does not work in the significant promotion of overall survival (OS) after such therapy. Research on targeted therapy in ESCC mainly focus on EGFR and PD-1, but neither of the targeted drugs can significantly improve the 3-year and 5-year survival rates of disease. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is an important survival pathway in tumor cells, associated with its aggressive growth and malignant progression. Specifically, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and so on. Related genetic alterations of this pathway have been investigated in ESCC, such as PI3K, AKT and mTOR-rpS6K. Therefore, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway seems to have the capability to serve as research hotspot in the future. Currently, various inhibitors are being tested in cells, animals, and clinical trials, which targeting at different parts of this pathway. In this work, we reviewed the research progress on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway how to influence biological behaviors in ESCC, and discussed the interaction between signals downstream of this pathway, especially eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) and the development and progression of ESCC, to provide reference for the identification of new therapeutic targets in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiong Dai
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ruixue Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Duan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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12
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Li H, Prever L, Hsu MY, Lo W, Margaria JP, De Santis MC, Zanini C, Forni M, Novelli F, Pece S, Di Fiore PP, Porporato PE, Martini M, Belabed H, Nazare M, Haucke V, Gulluni F, Hirsch E. Phosphoinositide Conversion Inactivates R-RAS and Drives Metastases in Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103249. [PMID: 35098698 PMCID: PMC8948670 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and a major cause of death in women worldwide. Although early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention significantly improve patient survival rate, metastasis still accounts for most deaths. Here it is reported that, in a cohort of more than 2000 patients with breast cancer, overexpression of PI3KC2α occurs in 52% of cases and correlates with high tumor grade as well as increased probability of distant metastatic events, irrespective of the subtype. Mechanistically, it is demonstrated that PI3KC2α synthetizes a pool of PI(3,4)P2 at focal adhesions that lowers their stability and directs breast cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. PI(3,4)P2 locally produced by PI3KC2α at focal adhesions recruits the Ras GTPase activating protein 3 (RASA3), which inactivates R-RAS, leading to increased focal adhesion turnover, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Proof-of-concept is eventually provided that inhibiting PI3KC2α or lowering RASA3 activity at focal adhesions significantly reduces the metastatic burden in PI3KC2α-overexpressing breast cancer, thereby suggesting a novel strategy for anti-breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayi Li
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Lorenzo Prever
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Myriam Y. Hsu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Wen‐Ting Lo
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)Berlin13125Germany
| | - Jean Piero Margaria
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Maria Chiara De Santis
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Cristina Zanini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Marco Forni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Salvatore Pece
- IEOEuropean Institute of Oncology IRCCSVia Ripamonti 435Milan20141Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato‐OncologyUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilano20142Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- IEOEuropean Institute of Oncology IRCCSVia Ripamonti 435Milan20141Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato‐OncologyUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilano20142Italy
| | - Paolo Ettore Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Hassane Belabed
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)Berlin13125Germany
| | - Marc Nazare
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)Berlin13125Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)Berlin13125Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and PharmacyFreie Universität BerlinBerlin14195Germany
| | - Federico Gulluni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurin10126Italy
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13
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Lo WT, Zhang Y, Vadas O, Roske Y, Gulluni F, De Santis MC, Zagar AV, Stephanowitz H, Hirsch E, Liu F, Daumke O, Kudryashev M, Haucke V. Structural basis of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase C2α function. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2022; 29:218-228. [PMID: 35256802 PMCID: PMC8930771 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-022-00730-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase type 2α (PI3KC2α) is an essential member of the structurally unresolved class II PI3K family with crucial functions in lipid signaling, endocytosis, angiogenesis, viral replication, platelet formation and a role in mitosis. The molecular basis of these activities of PI3KC2α is poorly understood. Here, we report high-resolution crystal structures as well as a 4.4-Å cryogenic-electron microscopic (cryo-EM) structure of PI3KC2α in active and inactive conformations. We unravel a coincident mechanism of lipid-induced activation of PI3KC2α at membranes that involves large-scale repositioning of its Ras-binding and lipid-binding distal Phox-homology and C-C2 domains, and can serve as a model for the entire class II PI3K family. Moreover, we describe a PI3KC2α-specific helical bundle domain that underlies its scaffolding function at the mitotic spindle. Our results advance our understanding of PI3K biology and pave the way for the development of specific inhibitors of class II PI3K function with wide applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Lo
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Yingyi Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Biological Cryo-EM Center, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Oscar Vadas
- University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yvette Roske
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Crystallography, Berlin, Germany
| | - Federico Gulluni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara De Santis
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Heike Stephanowitz
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fan Liu
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Crystallography, Berlin, Germany
| | - Misha Kudryashev
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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14
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Diverse activation mechanisms of PI3Ks. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2022; 29:185-187. [PMID: 35256803 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-022-00744-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Gozzelino L, Kochlamazashvili G, Baldassari S, Mackintosh AI, Licchetta L, Iovino E, Liu YC, Bennett CA, Bennett MF, Damiano JA, Zsurka G, Marconi C, Giangregorio T, Magini P, Kuijpers M, Maritzen T, Norata GD, Baulac S, Canafoglia L, Seri M, Tinuper P, Scheffer IE, Bahlo M, Berkovic SF, Hildebrand MS, Kunz WS, Giordano L, Bisulli F, Martini M, Haucke V, Hirsch E, Pippucci T. OUP accepted manuscript. Brain 2022; 145:2313-2331. [PMID: 35786744 PMCID: PMC9337808 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most frequent neurological diseases, with focal epilepsy accounting for the largest number of cases. The genetic alterations involved in focal epilepsy are far from being fully elucidated. Here, we show that defective lipid signalling caused by heterozygous ultra-rare variants in PIK3C2B, encoding for the class II phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase PI3K-C2β, underlie focal epilepsy in humans. We demonstrate that patients’ variants act as loss-of-function alleles, leading to impaired synthesis of the rare signalling lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate, resulting in mTORC1 hyperactivation. In vivo, mutant Pik3c2b alleles caused dose-dependent neuronal hyperexcitability and increased seizure susceptibility, indicating haploinsufficiency as a key driver of disease. Moreover, acute mTORC1 inhibition in mutant mice prevented experimentally induced seizures, providing a potential therapeutic option for a selective group of patients with focal epilepsy. Our findings reveal an unexpected role for class II PI3K-mediated lipid signalling in regulating mTORC1-dependent neuronal excitability in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Albert Ian Mackintosh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Licchetta
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Epilepsy Center (Reference Center for Rare and Complex Epilepsies—EpiCARE), Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Iovino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yu Chi Liu
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VictoriaAustralia
| | - Caitlin A Bennett
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark F Bennett
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VictoriaAustralia
| | - John A Damiano
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gábor Zsurka
- Department of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology, University Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg Campus 1, D-53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Caterina Marconi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tania Giangregorio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pamela Magini
- U.O. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marijn Kuijpers
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Maritzen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nanophysiology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department of Excellence in Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan and Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, SISA Bassini Hospital Cinisello B, Italy
| | - Stéphanie Baulac
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Unit of Integrated Diagnostics for Epilepsy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Seri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- U.O. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Tinuper
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Epilepsy Center (Reference Center for Rare and Complex Epilepsies—EpiCARE), Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ingrid E Scheffer
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Spedali Civili, Neuropsychiatric Department, Brescia, Italy
- Faculty of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Samuel F Berkovic
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael S Hildebrand
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wolfram S Kunz
- Department of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology, University Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg Campus 1, D-53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lucio Giordano
- Spedali Civili, Neuropsychiatric Department, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Bisulli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Epilepsy Center (Reference Center for Rare and Complex Epilepsies—EpiCARE), Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Volker Haucke
- Volker Haucke Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany E-mail:
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Correspondence may also be addressed to: Emilio Hirsch via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino (TO), Italy E-mail:
| | - Tommaso Pippucci
- Correspondence to: Tommaso Pippucci Via Giuseppe Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna (BO), Italy E-mail:
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16
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An Overview of Class II Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:51-68. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Gulluni F, Prever L, Li H, Krafcikova P, Corrado I, Lo WT, Margaria JP, Chen A, De Santis MC, Cnudde SJ, Fogerty J, Yuan A, Massarotti A, Sarijalo NT, Vadas O, Williams RL, Thelen M, Powell DR, Schüler M, Wiesener MS, Balla T, Baris HN, Tiosano D, McDermott BM, Perkins BD, Ghigo A, Martini M, Haucke V, Boura E, Merlo GR, Buchner DA, Hirsch E. PI(3,4)P2-mediated cytokinetic abscission prevents early senescence and cataract formation. Science 2021; 374:eabk0410. [PMID: 34882480 PMCID: PMC7612254 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cytokinetic membrane abscission is a spatially and temporally regulated process that requires ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport)–dependent control of membrane remodeling at the midbody, a subcellular organelle that defines the cleavage site. Alteration of ESCRT function can lead to cataract, but the underlying mechanism and its relation to cytokinesis are unclear. We found a lens-specific cytokinetic process that required PI3K-C2α (phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 2α), its lipid product PI(3,4)P2 (phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate), and the PI(3,4)P2–binding ESCRT-II subunit VPS36 (vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36). Loss of each of these components led to impaired cytokinesis, triggering premature senescence in the lens of fish, mice, and humans. Thus, an evolutionarily conserved pathway underlies the cell type–specific control of cytokinesis that helps to prevent early onset cataract by protecting from senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Gulluni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Prever
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Huayi Li
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Petra Krafcikova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Ilaria Corrado
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Wen-Ting Lo
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean Piero Margaria
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Anlu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Maria Chiara De Santis
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Sophie J. Cnudde
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Joseph Fogerty
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alex Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alberto Massarotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, “A. Avogadro”, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Nasrin Torabi Sarijalo
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oscar Vadas
- Section des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roger L. Williams
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - David R. Powell
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA
| | - Markus Schüler
- Division of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charite University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael S. Wiesener
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tamas Balla
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hagit N. Baris
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ruth Children's Hospital, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 30196, Israel
| | - Dov Tiosano
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ruth Children's Hospital, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 30196, Israel
- Rappaport Family Faculty of Medicine, Technion - –Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 30196, Israel
| | - Brian M. McDermott
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Brian D. Perkins
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin, Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Evzen Boura
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Giorgio Roberto Merlo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - David A. Buchner
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, 10126, Italy
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18
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Li H, Prever L, Hirsch E, Gulluni F. Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3517. [PMID: 34298731 PMCID: PMC8304822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the primary cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Although early diagnosis and cancer growth inhibition has significantly improved breast cancer survival rate over the years, there is a current need to develop more effective systemic treatments to prevent metastasis. One of the most commonly altered pathways driving breast cancer cell growth, survival, and motility is the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade. In the past 30 years, a great surge of inhibitors targeting these key players has been developed at a rapid pace, leading to effective preclinical studies for cancer therapeutics. However, the central role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling varies among diverse biological processes, suggesting the need for more specific and sophisticated strategies for their use in cancer therapy. In this review, we provide a perspective on the role of the PI3K signaling pathway and the most recently developed PI3K-targeting breast cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Federico Gulluni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (H.L.); (L.P.); (E.H.)
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19
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Lentini G, Ben Chaabene R, Vadas O, Ramakrishnan C, Mukherjee B, Mehta V, Lunghi M, Grossmann J, Maco B, Visentin R, Hehl AB, Korkhov VM, Soldati-Favre D. Structural insights into an atypical secretory pathway kinase crucial for Toxoplasma gondii invasion. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3788. [PMID: 34145271 PMCID: PMC8213820 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Active host cell invasion by the obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasites relies on the formation of a moving junction, which connects parasite and host cell plasma membranes during entry. Invading Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites secrete their rhoptry content and insert a complex of RON proteins on the cytoplasmic side of the host cell membrane providing an anchor to which the parasite tethers. Here we show that a rhoptry-resident kinase RON13 is a key virulence factor that plays a crucial role in host cell entry. Cryo-EM, kinase assays, phosphoproteomics and cellular analyses reveal that RON13 is a secretory pathway kinase of atypical structure that phosphorylates rhoptry proteins including the components of the RON complex. Ultimately, RON13 kinase activity controls host cell invasion by anchoring the moving junction at the parasite-host cell interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Lentini
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rouaa Ben Chaabene
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Oscar Vadas
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chandra Ramakrishnan
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Budhaditya Mukherjee
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859Present Address: School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, India
| | - Ved Mehta
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Lunghi
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Grossmann
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Functional Genomic Center Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006The Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, SIB, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bohumil Maco
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Visentin
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adrian B. Hehl
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Volodymyr M. Korkhov
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Soldati-Favre
- grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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20
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Larsen AH, Sansom MSP. Binding of Ca 2+-independent C2 domains to lipid membranes: A multi-scale molecular dynamics study. Structure 2021; 29:1200-1213.e2. [PMID: 34081910 PMCID: PMC8507603 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
C2 domains facilitate protein interactions with lipid bilayers in either a Ca2+-dependent or -independent manner. We used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore six Ca2+-independent C2 domains, from KIBRA, PI3KC2α, RIM2, PTEN, SHIP2, and Smurf2. In coarse-grained MD simulations these C2 domains formed transient interactions with zwitterionic bilayers, compared with longer-lived interactions with anionic bilayers containing phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2). Type I C2 domains bound non-canonically via the front, back, or side of the β sandwich, whereas type II C2 domains bound canonically, via the top loops. C2 domains interacted strongly with membranes containing PIP2, causing bound anionic lipids to cluster around the protein. Binding modes were refined via atomistic simulations. For PTEN and SHIP2, CG simulations of their phosphatase plus C2 domains with PIP2-containing bilayers were also performed, and the roles of the two domains in membrane localization compared. These studies establish a simulation protocol for membrane-recognition proteins. Binding of Ca2+-independent C2 domains to membranes was explored by MD simulation C2 domains from KIBRA, PI3KC2α, RIM2, PTEN, SHIP2, and Smurf2 were compared C2 domains formed longer-lived interactions with lipid bilayers containing PIP2 For PTEN and SHIP2, simulations of their phosphatase plus C2 domains were performed
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Haahr Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Mark S P Sansom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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21
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Naturally acquired blocking human monoclonal antibodies to Plasmodium vivax reticulocyte binding protein 2b. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1538. [PMID: 33750786 PMCID: PMC7943553 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax preferentially invades reticulocytes and recognition of these cells is mediated by P. vivax Reticulocyte Binding Protein 2b (PvRBP2b) binding to human Transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and Transferrin (Tf). Longitudinal cohort studies in Papua New Guinea, Thailand and Brazil show that PvRBP2b antibodies are correlated with protection against P. vivax infection and disease. Here, we isolate and characterize anti-PvRBP2b human monoclonal antibodies from two individuals in Cambodia with natural P. vivax infection. These antibodies bind with high affinities and map to different regions of PvRBP2b. Several human antibodies block PvRBP2b binding to reticulocytes and inhibit complex formation with human TfR1-Tf. We describe different structural mechanisms for functional inhibition, including either steric hindrance with TfR1-Tf or the reticulocyte membrane. These results show that naturally acquired human antibodies against PvRBP2b can inhibit its function which is important for P. vivax invasion. Plasmodium vivax reticulocyte binding protein 2b (PvRBP2b) is important for invasion of reticulocytes and PvRBP2b antibodies correlate with protection. Here, Chan et al. isolate and characterize anti-PvRBP2b human monoclonal antibodies and describe mechanisms by which these antibodies inhibit invasion.
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22
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Class II phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase isoforms in vesicular trafficking. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:893-901. [PMID: 33666217 PMCID: PMC8106491 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are critical regulators of many cellular processes including cell survival, proliferation, migration, cytoskeletal reorganization, and intracellular vesicular trafficking. They are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate membrane phosphoinositide lipids at the 3′ position of their inositol rings, and in mammals they are divided into three classes. The role of the class III PI3K Vps34 is well-established, but recent evidence suggests the physiological significance of class II PI3K isoforms in vesicular trafficking. This review focuses on the recently discovered functions of the distinct PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β class II PI3K isoforms in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and consequent endosomal signaling, and discusses recently reported data on class II PI3K isoforms in different physiological contexts in comparison with class I and III isoforms.
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23
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Li X, Pal DS, Biswas D, Iglesias PA, Devreotes PN. Reverse fountain flow of phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate polarizes migrating cells. EMBO J 2021; 40:e105094. [PMID: 33586225 PMCID: PMC7883298 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of cells to polarize and move toward external stimuli plays a crucial role in development, as well as in normal and pathological physiology. Migrating cells maintain dynamic complementary distributions of Ras activity and of the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol‐3,4‐bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P2). Here, we show that lagging‐edge component PI(3,4)P2 also localizes to retracting leading‐edge protrusions and nascent macropinosomes, even in the absence of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5‐trisphosphate (PIP3). Once internalized, macropinosomes break up into smaller PI(3,4)P2‐enriched vesicles, which fuse with the plasma membrane at the rear of the cell. Subsequently, the phosphoinositide diffuses toward the front of the cell, where it is degraded. Computational modeling confirms that this cycle gives rise to stable back‐to‐front gradient. These results uncover a surprising “reverse‐fountain flow” of PI(3,4)P2 that regulates polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dhiman Sankar Pal
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Debojyoti Biswas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pablo A Iglesias
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter N Devreotes
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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24
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Koch PA, Dornan GL, Hessenberger M, Haucke V. The molecular mechanisms mediating class II PI 3-kinase function in cell physiology. FEBS J 2021; 288:7025-7042. [PMID: 33387369 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family of lipid-modifying enzymes plays vital roles in cell signaling and membrane trafficking through the production of 3-phosphorylated phosphoinositides. Numerous studies have analyzed the structure and function of class I and class III PI3Ks. In contrast, we know comparably little about the structure and physiological functions of the class II enzymes. Only recent studies have begun to unravel their roles in development, endocytic and endolysosomal membrane dynamics, signal transduction, and cell migration, while the mechanisms that control their localization and enzymatic activity remain largely unknown. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of the class II PI3Ks and outline open questions related to their structure, enzymatic activity, and their physiological and pathophysiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Alexander Koch
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Hessenberger
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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25
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Walpole GFW, Grinstein S. Endocytosis and the internalization of pathogenic organisms: focus on phosphoinositides. F1000Res 2020; 9. [PMID: 32494357 PMCID: PMC7233180 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.22393.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their comparatively low abundance in biological membranes, phosphoinositides are key to the regulation of a diverse array of signaling pathways and direct membrane traffic. The role of phosphoinositides in the initiation and progression of endocytic pathways has been studied in considerable depth. Recent advances have revealed that distinct phosphoinositide species feature prominently in clathrin-dependent and -independent endocytosis as well as in phagocytosis and macropinocytosis. Moreover, a variety of intracellular and cell-associated pathogens have developed strategies to commandeer host cell phosphoinositide metabolism to gain entry and/or metabolic advantage, thereby promoting their survival and proliferation. Here, we briefly survey the current knowledge on the involvement of phosphoinositides in endocytosis, phagocytosis, and macropinocytosis and highlight several examples of molecular mimicry employed by pathogens to either “hitch a ride” on endocytic pathways endogenous to the host or create an entry path of their own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn F W Walpole
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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26
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Durrant TN, Hers I. PI3K inhibitors in thrombosis and cardiovascular disease. Clin Transl Med 2020; 9:8. [PMID: 32002690 PMCID: PMC6992830 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-020-0261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are lipid kinases that regulate important intracellular signalling and vesicle trafficking events via the generation of 3-phosphoinositides. Comprising eight core isoforms across three classes, the PI3K family displays broad expression and function throughout mammalian tissues, and the (patho)physiological roles of these enzymes in the cardiovascular system present the PI3Ks as potential therapeutic targets in settings such as thrombosis, atherosclerosis and heart failure. This review will discuss the PI3K enzymes and their roles in cardiovascular physiology and disease, with a particular focus on platelet function and thrombosis. The current progress and future potential of targeting the PI3K enzymes for therapeutic benefit in cardiovascular disease will be considered, while the challenges of developing drugs against these master cellular regulators will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom N Durrant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | - Ingeborg Hers
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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27
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Wang H, Loerke D, Bruns C, Müller R, Koch PA, Puchkov D, Schultz C, Haucke V. Phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate synthesis and turnover are spatially segregated in the endocytic pathway. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:1091-1104. [PMID: 31831620 PMCID: PMC6983852 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides play crucial roles in intracellular membrane dynamics and cell signaling, with phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-phosphates being the predominant phosphoinositide lipids at endosomes and lysosomes, whereas PI 4-phosphates, such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), are enriched at the cell surface including sites of endocytosis. How PI 4-phosphates and PI 3-phosphates are dynamically interconverted within the endocytic pathway and how this is controlled in space and time remains poorly understood. Here, combining live imaging, genome engineering, and acute chemical and genetic manipulations, we found that local synthesis of PI(3,4)P2 by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase C2α at plasma membrane clathrin-coated pits is spatially segregated from its hydrolysis by the PI(3,4)P2-specific inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase 4A (INPP4A). We observed that INPP4A is dispensable for clathrin-mediated endocytosis and is undetectable in endocytic clathrin-coated pits. Instead, we found that INPP4A partially localizes to endosomes and that loss of INPP4A in HAP1 cancer cells perturbs signaling via AKT kinase and mTOR complex 1. These results reveal a function for INPP4-mediated PI(3,4)P2 hydrolysis in local regulation of growth factor and nutrient signals at endosomes in cancer cells. They further suggest a model whereby synthesis and turnover of PI(3,4)P2 are spatially segregated within the endocytic pathway to couple endocytic membrane traffic to growth factor and nutrient signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Wang
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dinah Loerke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208
| | - Caroline Bruns
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Müller
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp-Alexander Koch
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Schultz
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany,Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239–3098
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany,Faculty of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany, To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.:
49-30-94793101; Fax:
49-30-94793109; E-mail:
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28
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Aki S, Yoshioka K, Takuwa N, Takuwa Y. TGFβ receptor endocytosis and Smad signaling require synaptojanin1, PI3K-C2α-, and INPP4B-mediated phosphoinositide conversions. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:360-372. [PMID: 31913757 PMCID: PMC7183790 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-11-0662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide conversion regulates a diverse array of dynamic membrane events including endocytosis. However, it is not well understood which enzymes are involved in phosphoinositide conversions for receptor endocytosis. We found by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown (KD) that class II PI3K α-isoform (PI3K-C2α), the 5'-phosphatase synaptojanin1 (Synj1), and the 4'-phosphatase INPP4B, but not PI3K-C2β, Synj2, or INPP4A, were required for TGFβ-induced endocytosis of TGFβ receptor. TGFβ induced rapid decreases in PI(4,5)P2 at the plasma membrane (PM) with increases in PI(4)P, followed by increases in PI(3,4)P2, in a TGFβ receptor kinase ALK5-dependent manner. TGFβ induced the recruitment of both synaptojanin1 and PI3K-C2α to the PM with their substantial colocalization. Knockdown of synaptojanin1 abolished TGFβ-induced PI(4,5)P2 decreases and PI(4)P increases. Interestingly, PI3K-C2α KD abolished not only TGFβ-induced PI(3,4)P2 increases but also TGFβ-induced synaptojanin1 recruitment to the PM, PI(4,5)P2 decreases, and PI(4)P increases. Finally, the phosphoinositide conversions were necessary for TGFβ-induced activation of Smad2 and Smad3. These observations demonstrate that the sequential phosphoinositide conversions mediated by Synj1, PI3K-C2α, and INPP4B are essential for TGFβ receptor endocytosis and its signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Aki
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Noriko Takuwa
- Department of Health Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Kahoku, Ishikawa 929-1210, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
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29
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Wang H, Loerke D, Bruns C, Müller R, Koch PA, Puchkov D, Schultz C, Haucke V. Phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate synthesis and turnover are spatially segregated in the endocytic pathway. J Biol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)49918-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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30
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Bilanges B, Posor Y, Vanhaesebroeck B. PI3K isoforms in cell signalling and vesicle trafficking. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:515-534. [PMID: 31110302 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PI3Ks are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate intracellular inositol lipids to regulate signalling and intracellular vesicular traffic. Mammals have eight isoforms of PI3K, divided into three classes. The class I PI3Ks generate 3-phosphoinositide lipids, which directly activate signal transduction pathways. In addition to being frequently genetically activated in cancer, similar mutations in class I PI3Ks have now also been found in a human non-malignant overgrowth syndrome and a primary immune disorder that predisposes to lymphoma. The class II and class III PI3Ks are regulators of membrane traffic along the endocytic route, in endosomal recycling and autophagy, with an often indirect effect on cell signalling. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the different PI3K classes and isoforms, focusing on recently uncovered biological functions and the mechanisms by which these kinases are activated. Deeper insight into the PI3K isoforms will undoubtedly continue to contribute to a better understanding of fundamental cell biological processes and, ultimately, of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Bilanges
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
| | - York Posor
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
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31
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Wang H, Lo WT, Haucke V. Phosphoinositide switches in endocytosis and in the endolysosomal system. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2019; 59:50-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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32
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Sugiyama MG, Fairn GD, Antonescu CN. Akt-ing Up Just About Everywhere: Compartment-Specific Akt Activation and Function in Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:70. [PMID: 31131274 PMCID: PMC6509475 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase Akt is a master regulator of many diverse cellular functions, including survival, growth, metabolism, migration, and differentiation. Receptor tyrosine kinases are critical regulators of Akt, as a result of activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling leading to Akt activation upon receptor stimulation. The signaling axis formed by receptor tyrosine kinases, PI3K and Akt, as well as the vast range of downstream substrates is thus central to control of cell physiology in many different contexts and tissues. This axis must be tightly regulated, as disruption of PI3K-Akt signaling underlies the pathology of many diseases such as cancer and diabetes. This sophisticated regulation of PI3K-Akt signaling is due in part to the spatial and temporal compartmentalization of Akt activation and function, including in specific nanoscale domains of the plasma membrane as well as in specific intracellular membrane compartments. Here, we review the evidence for localized activation of PI3K-Akt signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases in various specific cellular compartments, as well as that of compartment-specific functions of Akt leading to control of several fundamental cellular processes. This spatial and temporal control of Akt activation and function occurs by a large number of parallel molecular mechanisms that are central to regulation of cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory D. Fairn
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Costin N. Antonescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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33
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De Santis MC, Gulluni F, Campa CC, Martini M, Hirsch E. Targeting PI3K signaling in cancer: Challenges and advances. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:361-366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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34
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Gulluni F, De Santis MC, Margaria JP, Martini M, Hirsch E. Class II PI3K Functions in Cell Biology and Disease. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:339-359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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35
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Margaria JP, Ratto E, Gozzelino L, Li H, Hirsch E. Class II PI3Ks at the Intersection between Signal Transduction and Membrane Trafficking. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E104. [PMID: 30884740 PMCID: PMC6468456 DOI: 10.3390/biom9030104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids by the family of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) is crucial in controlling membrane lipid composition and regulating a wide range of intracellular processes, which include signal transduction and vesicular trafficking. In spite of the extensive knowledge on class I PI3Ks, recent advances in the study of the three class II PI3Ks (PIK3C2A, PIK3C2B and PIK3C2G) reveal their distinct and non-overlapping cellular roles and localizations. By finely tuning membrane lipid composition in time and space among different cellular compartments, this class of enzymes controls many cellular processes, such as proliferation, survival and migration. This review focuses on the recent developments regarding the coordination of membrane trafficking and intracellular signaling of class II PI3Ks through the confined phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Piero Margaria
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Ratto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Luca Gozzelino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Huayi Li
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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36
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Aung KT, Yoshioka K, Aki S, Ishimaru K, Takuwa N, Takuwa Y. The class II phosphoinositide 3-kinases PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β differentially regulate clathrin-dependent pinocytosis in human vascular endothelial cells. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:263-280. [PMID: 30374841 PMCID: PMC10717547 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pinocytosis is an important fundamental cellular process that is used by the cell to transport fluid and solutes. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) regulate a diverse array of dynamic membrane events. However, it is not well-understood which PI3K isoforms are involved in specific mechanisms of pinocytosis. We performed knockdown studies of endogenous PI3K isoforms and clathrin heavy chain (CHC) mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA). The results demonstrated that the class II PI3K PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β, but not the class I or III PI3K, were required for pinocytosis, based on an evaluation of fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran uptake in endothelial cells. Pinocytosis was partially dependent on both clathrin and dynamin, and both PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β were required for clathrin-mediated-but not clathrin-non-mediated-FITC-dextran uptake at the step leading up to its delivery to early endosomes. Both PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β were co-localized with clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. However, PI3K-C2β, but not PI3K-C2α, was highly co-localized with actin filament-associated clathrin-coated structures and required for actin filament formation at the clathrin-coated structures. These results indicate that PI3K-C2α and PI3K-C2β play differential, indispensable roles in clathrin-mediated pinocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khin Thuzar Aung
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshioka
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Sho Aki
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ishimaru
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Noriko Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Health Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 929-1210, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan.
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37
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Yudushkin I. Getting the Akt Together: Guiding Intracellular Akt Activity by PI3K. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9020067. [PMID: 30781447 PMCID: PMC6406913 DOI: 10.3390/biom9020067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular signaling pathways mediate the rapid response of cells to environmental cues. To control the fidelity of these responses, cells coordinate the activities of signaling enzymes with the strength, timing, and localization of the upstream stimuli. Protein kinase Akt links the PI3K-coupled receptors to cellular anabolic processes by phosphorylating multiple substrates. How the cells ensure that Akt activity remains proportional to upstream signals and control its substrate specificity is unclear. In this review, I examine how cell-autonomous and intrinsic allosteric mechanisms cooperate to ensure localized, context-specific signaling in the PI3K/Akt axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Yudushkin
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Laboratories Vienna BioCenter, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, Rm. 1.624, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
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38
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Goulden BD, Pacheco J, Dull A, Zewe JP, Deiters A, Hammond GRV. A high-avidity biosensor reveals plasma membrane PI(3,4)P 2 is predominantly a class I PI3K signaling product. J Cell Biol 2018; 218:1066-1079. [PMID: 30591513 PMCID: PMC6400549 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201809026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Class I phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI3K) signaling is central to animal growth and metabolism, and pathological disruption of this pathway affects cancer and diabetes. However, the specific spatial/temporal dynamics and signaling roles of its minor lipid messenger, phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P2), are not well understood. This owes principally to a lack of tools to study this scarce lipid. Here we developed a high-sensitivity genetically encoded biosensor for PI(3,4)P2, demonstrating high selectivity and specificity of the sensor for the lipid. We show that despite clear evidence for class II PI3K in PI(3,4)P2-driven function, the overwhelming majority of the lipid accumulates through degradation of class I PI3K-produced PIP3 However, we show that PI(3,4)P2 is also subject to hydrolysis by the tumor suppressor lipid phosphatase PTEN. Collectively, our results show that PI(3,4)P2 is potentially an important driver of class I PI3K-driven signaling and provides powerful new tools to begin to resolve the biological functions of this lipid downstream of class I and II PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady D Goulden
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jonathan Pacheco
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Allyson Dull
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - James P Zewe
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Gerald R V Hammond
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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39
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Structural Basis for Regulation of Phosphoinositide Kinases and Their Involvement in Human Disease. Mol Cell 2018; 71:653-673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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