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Wang Y, Gu W, Xu Z, Lv L, Wang D, Jin Y, Wang X. Comprehensive multi-omics investigation of sub-chronic toxicity induced by Cadmium and Triazophos Co-exposure in hook snout carps (Opsariichthys bidens). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135104. [PMID: 38970972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The coexistence of heavy metals and pesticides poses a critical challenge in agricultural ecosystems. Traditional toxicity assessments often focus only on the individual impacts of either pesticides or heavy metals. Here, the untargeted metabolomics and 16 S rRNA sequencing were used to assess the individual and combined effects of cadmium (Cd) and triazophos (TRI) on hook snout carps (Opsariichthys bidens). Cd caused much more serious impacts on hepatic metabolism and gut microbiota than those in TRI. Combined Cd and TRI exposure synergistically affected hepatic metabolism, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and even oxidative damage. Simultaneously, 16 S rRNA sequencing highlighted significant variations in the composition and abundance of gut microbiota. A noteworthy connection emerged between these distinct microbiota profiles and disruptions in energy metabolism, ultimately leading to disorders in metabolites. These findings enhanced the understanding of risks posed by heavy metals and pesticides, providing insights for better environmental risk assessments of aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Weijie Gu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhenlan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Xinquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China.
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2
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Zhu X, Lin M, Chi Y, Li X, Jiang Z, Jian X, Lian M, Wu X, Han S, Shi X. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical components in Qianggan capsule by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and LC-sMRM. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1728:465020. [PMID: 38805896 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Qianggan capsule (QGC) is a complex preparation composed of 16 traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) that can clear heat and dampness, fortify the spleen and blood, typify qi and relieve depression. However, the chemical composition of QGC remains incompletely understood, despite its clinical use in treating chronic hepatitis and liver injury. The objective of this study was to explore the quality markers of QGC through qualitative and quantitative analysis of its chemical components. First, the chemical composition of QGC was qualitatively analyzed using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Subsequently, the LC-sMRM method was developed and optimized to accurately quantify various chemical components of 10 batches of QGC. Finally, the variations in chemical components between batches were analyzed via multivariate statistical analysis. UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis revealed 167 chemical constituents in QGC, comprised of 48 flavonoids, 32 terpenoids, 18 phenolic acids, 9 coumarins, 9 phenylpropanoids, and 51 nucleosides, sugars, amino acids, anthraquinones, and other compounds. The LC-sMRM method was established for the quantitative analysis of 42 chemical components in 10 batches of QGC. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction parameters were optimized using RSM. Compared with conventional MRM, sMRM demonstrated superior sensitivity and precision. PCA and OPLS-DA identified eight chemical components with content differences among batches. This study established the chemical composition of QGC, offering useful guidance for assessing its quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Mengmeng Lin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yuqian Chi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xin Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Ziyi Jiang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jian
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Mengyuan Lian
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xiaodi Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Shuang Han
- Department of Teaching Support, Hebei Open University, Shijiazhuang 052360, China.
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; National Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and excipients, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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3
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Li M, Zhang J, Li Z, Xu Z, Qian S, Tay LJ, Zhang Z, Yang F, Huang Y. The role and mechanism of SUMO modification in liver disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116898. [PMID: 38878635 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver disease affects millions of people in the world, and China has the highest prevalence of liver disease in the world. Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) modification is a highly conserved post-translational modification of proteins. They are widely expressed in a variety of tissues, including the heart, liver, kidney and lung. SUMOylation of protein plays a key role in the occurrence and development of liver disease. Therefore, this study reviewed the effects of SUMO protein on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), viral hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis (HF), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and other liver diseases to provide novel strategies for targeted treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Li
- Anhui Provincial laboratory of inflammatory and immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jingrong Zhang
- Anhui Provincial laboratory of inflammatory and immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zihao Li
- Anhui Provincial laboratory of inflammatory and immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Anhui Provincial laboratory of inflammatory and immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shishun Qian
- Anhui Provincial laboratory of inflammatory and immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lynn Jia Tay
- School of International Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ziwen Zhang
- Anhui Provincial laboratory of inflammatory and immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Furong Yang
- Anhui Provincial laboratory of inflammatory and immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Anhui Provincial laboratory of inflammatory and immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; School of International Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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4
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Yan L, Yan Y, Yang K, Chang Q, Zhang L. Metabolomics reveals dysregulated all-trans retinoic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism contribute to PXR-induced hepatic steatosis in mice. Toxicol Lett 2024; 398:150-160. [PMID: 38971454 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Activation of pregnane X receptor (PXR) by xenobiotics has been associated with metabolic diseases. This study aimed to reveal the impact of PXR activation on hepatic metabolome and explore novel mechanisms underlying PXR-mediated lipid metabolism disorder in the liver. Wild-type and PXR-deficient male C57BL/6 mice were used as in vivo models, and hepatic steatosis was induced by pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile, a typical rodent PXR agonist. Metabolomic analysis of liver tissues showed that PXR activation led to significant changes in metabolites involved in multiple metabolic pathways previously reported, including lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, and amino acid metabolism. Moreover, the level of hepatic all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the main active metabolite of vitamin A, was significantly increased by PXR activation, and genes involved in ATRA metabolism exhibited differential expression following PXR activation or deficiency. Consistent with previous research, the expression of downstream target genes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) was decreased. Analysis of fatty acids by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer further revealed changes in polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism upon PXR activation, suggesting inhibition of PPARα activity. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel metabolomic signature of hepatic steatosis induced by PXR activation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Univerisity, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Yachun Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Univerisity, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qi Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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5
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Govatati S, Kumar R, Boro M, Traylor JG, Orr AW, Lusis AJ, Rao GN. TRIM13 reduces cholesterol efflux and increases oxidized LDL uptake leading to foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107224. [PMID: 38537695 PMCID: PMC11053335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Impaired cholesterol efflux and/or uptake can influence arterial lipid accumulation leading to atherosclerosis. Here, we report that tripartite motif-containing protein 13 (TRIM13), a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a role in arterial lipid accumulation leading to atherosclerosis. Using molecular approaches and KO mouse model, we found that TRIM13 expression was induced both in the aorta and peritoneal macrophages (pMφ) of ApoE-/- mice in response to Western diet (WD) in vivo. Furthermore, proatherogenic cytokine interleukin-1β also induced TRIM13 expression both in pMφ and vascular smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, we found that TRIM13 via ubiquitination and degradation of liver X receptor (LXR)α/β downregulates the expression of their target genes ABCA1/G1 and thereby inhibits cholesterol efflux. In addition, TRIM13 by ubiquitinating and degrading suppressor of cytokine signaling 1/3 (SOCS1/3) mediates signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) activation, CD36 expression, and foam cell formation. In line with these observations, genetic deletion of TRIM13 by rescuing cholesterol efflux and inhibiting foam cell formation protects against diet-induced atherosclerosis. We also found that while TRIM13 and CD36 levels were increased, LXRα/β, ABCA1/G1, and SOCS3 levels were decreased both in Mφ and smooth muscle cells of stenotic human coronary arteries as compared to nonstenotic arteries. More intriguingly, the expression levels of TRIM13 and its downstream signaling molecules were correlated with the severity of stenotic lesions. Together, these observations reveal for the first time that TRIM13 plays a crucial role in diet-induced atherosclerosis, and that it could be a potential drug target against this vascular lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Govatati
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Monoranjan Boro
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - James G Traylor
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - A Wayne Orr
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gadiparthi N Rao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
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6
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Tyczyńska M, Hunek G, Szczasny M, Brachet A, Januszewski J, Forma A, Portincasa P, Flieger J, Baj J. Supplementation of Micro- and Macronutrients-A Role of Nutritional Status in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4916. [PMID: 38732128 PMCID: PMC11085010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition in which the pathological cumulation of fat with coexisting inflammation and damage of hepatic cells leads to progressive dysfunctions of the liver. Except for the commonly well-known major causes of NAFLD such as obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, or diabetes, an unbalanced diet and imbalanced nutritional status should also be taken into consideration. In this narrative review, we summarized the current knowledge regarding the micro- and macronutrient status of patients suffering from NAFLD considering various diets and supplementation of chosen supplements. We aimed to summarize the knowledge indicating which nutritional impairments may be associated with the onset and progression of NAFLD at the same time evaluating the potential therapy targets that could facilitate the healing process. Except for the above-mentioned objectives, one of the most important aspects of this review was to highlight the possible strategies for taking care of NAFLD patients taking into account the challenges and opportunities associated with the micronutrient status of the patients. The current research indicates that a supplementation of chosen vitamins (e.g., vitamin A, B complex, C, or D) as well as chosen elements such as zinc may alleviate the symptoms of NAFLD. However, there is still a lack of sufficient data regarding healthy ranges of dosages; thus, further research is of high importance in this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Tyczyńska
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Gabriela Hunek
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (G.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Martyna Szczasny
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (J.J.)
| | - Adam Brachet
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (G.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Jacek Januszewski
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (J.J.)
| | - Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (G.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (J.J.)
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7
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Gao J, Zhang S, Deng P, Wu Z, Lemaitre B, Zhai Z, Guo Z. Dietary L-Glu sensing by enteroendocrine cells adjusts food intake via modulating gut PYY/NPF secretion. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3514. [PMID: 38664401 PMCID: PMC11045819 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Amino acid availability is monitored by animals to adapt to their nutritional environment. Beyond gustatory receptors and systemic amino acid sensors, enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are believed to directly percept dietary amino acids and secrete regulatory peptides. However, the cellular machinery underlying amino acid-sensing by EECs and how EEC-derived hormones modulate feeding behavior remain elusive. Here, by developing tools to specifically manipulate EECs, we find that Drosophila neuropeptide F (NPF) from mated female EECs inhibits feeding, similar to human PYY. Mechanistically, dietary L-Glutamate acts through the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR to decelerate calcium oscillations in EECs, thereby causing reduced NPF secretion via dense-core vesicles. Furthermore, two dopaminergic enteric neurons expressing NPFR perceive EEC-derived NPF and relay an anorexigenic signal to the brain. Thus, our findings provide mechanistic insights into how EECs assess food quality and identify a conserved mode of action that explains how gut NPF/PYY modulates food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Gao
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Institute for Brain Research, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Institute for Brain Research, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zhigang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Bruno Lemaitre
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zongzhao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Institute for Brain Research, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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8
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Yang K, Liu C, Shao J, Guo L, Wang Q, Meng Z, Jin X, Chen X. Would Combination Be Better: Swimming Exercise and Intermittent Fasting Improve High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Rats via the miR-122-5p/SREBP-1c/CPT1A Pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1675-1686. [PMID: 38623310 PMCID: PMC11016699 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s448165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Swimming and intermittent fasting can both improve obesity-induced NAFLD, but which of the two is more effective and whether the combination of the two has a superimposed effect is inconclusive. Methods The model of NAFLD in obese rats was established by a high-fat diet and performed swimming, intermittent fasting, and a combination of both interventions for 8 weeks. Serum lipids and enzyme activity were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Liver morphostructural analysis was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and morphology was observed by HE staining. RT‒PCR was used to detect the mRNA level. Results Morphology and microstructure of the liver of model rats were impaired, with the upregulation of miR-122-5p, SREBP-1c, FASN and ACC1. Eight weeks of swimming exercise, intermittent fasting and the combination of both attenuate these effects, manifested by the downregulation of miR-122-5p and upregulation of CPT1A mRNA levels. There was no significant stacking effect of the combination of the swimming and intermittent fasting interventions. Conclusion NAFLD leads to pathology in model rats. Eight weeks of swimming exercise, intermittent fasting and the combination of both can inhibit miR-122-5p and improve hepatic lipid metabolism, while no significant additive effects of combining the interventions were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengye Liu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Shao
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingxiang Guo
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Respiratory Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxiang Meng
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Jin
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianghe Chen
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Li J, Zhang Q, Guan Y, Liao D, Chen H, Xiong H, Sheng Y, Chen X, Pang J. TRIB3 promotes the progression of renal cell carcinoma by upregulating the lipid droplet-associated protein PLIN2. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:240. [PMID: 38561354 PMCID: PMC10985002 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal lipid metabolism and lipid accumulation are characteristic hallmarks of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). While there is prior evidence closely linking such lipid accumulation within RCC cells and consequent tumorigenesis, the mechanisms underlying this process remain incompletely understood. In this study, a series of bioinformatics analyses were initially performed by screening RCC databases and gene sets, ultimately leading to the identification of TRIB3 as an oncogene that functions as a central regulator of lipid metabolism. TRIB3 overexpression was observed in both RCC patient tumor tissues and cell lines, and this upregulation was correlated with a worse RCC patient prognosis. When TRIB3 was knocked down, this resulted in a reduction in lipid accumulation and the consequent induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related apoptotic cell death. At the molecular level, interactions between TRIB3 and PLIN2 were found to abrogate TEB4-mediated PLIN2 ubiquitination and consequent degradation, thus maintaining higher PLIN2 expression levels. This simultaneously helps facilitate the accumulation of lipids while preserving ER homeostasis, thus driving accelerated RCC tumor progression. This TRIB3-PLIN2 axis thus represents a promising new target for efforts to treat RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yupeng Guan
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Dingzhun Liao
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Huikun Chen
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Haiyun Xiong
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yiyu Sheng
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xianju Chen
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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10
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Zou Y, Zhang Y, Li M, Cao K, Song C, Zhang Z, Cai K, Geng D, Chen S, Wu Y, Zhang N, Sun G, Wang J, Zhang Y, Sun Y. Regulation of lipid metabolism by E3 ubiquitin ligases in lipid-associated metabolic diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130961. [PMID: 38508558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have progressively elucidated the involvement of E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligases in regulating lipid metabolism. Ubiquitination, facilitated by E3 Ub ligases, modifies critical enzymes in lipid metabolism, enabling them to respond to specific signals. In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive analysis of the role of E3 Ub ligases in lipid metabolism, which includes lipid synthesis and lipolysis, and their influence on cellular lipid homeostasis through the modulation of lipid uptake and efflux. Furthermore, it explores how the ubiquitination process governs the degradation or activation of pivotal enzymes, thereby regulating lipid metabolism at the transcriptional level. Perturbations in lipid metabolism have been implicated in various diseases, including hepatic lipid metabolism disorders, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer. Therefore, this review focuses on the association between E3 Ub ligases and lipid metabolism in lipid-related diseases, highlighting enzymes critically involved in lipid synthesis and catabolism, transcriptional regulators, lipid uptake translocators, and transporters. Overall, this review aims to identify gaps in current knowledge, highlight areas requiring further research, offer potential targeted therapeutic approaches, and provide a comprehensive outlook on clinical conditions associated with lipid metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Zou
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mohan Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Song
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaobo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Danxi Geng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjiao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhe Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Deng Y, Hu M, Huang S, Fu N. Molecular mechanism and therapeutic significance of essential amino acids in metabolically associated fatty liver disease. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 126:109581. [PMID: 38219809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also known as metabolically associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is a systemic metabolic disease characterized by lipid accumulation in the liver, lipid toxicity, insulin resistance, intestinal dysbiosis, and inflammation that can progress from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and even cirrhosis or cancer. It is the most prevalent illness threatening world health. Currently, there are almost no approved drug interventions for MAFLD, mainly dietary changes and exercise to control weight and regulate metabolic disorders. Meanwhile, the metabolic pathway involved in amino acid metabolism also influences the onset and development of MAFLD in the body, and most amino acid metabolism takes place in the liver. Essential amino acids are those amino acids that must be supplemented from outside the diet and that cannot be synthesized in the body or cannot be synthesized at a rate sufficient to meet the body's needs, including leucine, isoleucine, valine (collectively known as branched-chain amino acids), tryptophan, phenylalanine (which are aromatic amino acids), histidine, methionine, threonine and lysine. The metabolic balance of the body is closely linked to these essential amino acids, and essential amino acids are closely linked to the pathophysiological process of MAFLD. In this paper, we will focus on the metabolism of essential amino acids in the body and further explore the therapeutic strategies for MAFLD based on the studies conducted in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Deng
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421002, China
| | - Mengsi Hu
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421002, China
| | - Shufang Huang
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421002, China.
| | - Nian Fu
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421002, China; The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421002, China.
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12
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Wu T, Chen X, Xu K, Dai C, Li X, Zhang YWQ, Li J, Gao M, Liu Y, Liu F, Zhang X, Wang B, Xia P, Li Z, Ma W, Yuan Y. LIM domain only 7 negatively controls nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in the setting of hyperlipidemia. Hepatology 2024; 79:149-166. [PMID: 37676481 PMCID: PMC10718224 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hyperlipidemia has been extensively recognized as a high-risk factor for NASH; however, clinical susceptibility to NASH is highly heterogeneous. The key controller(s) of NASH susceptibility in patients with hyperlipidemia has not yet been elucidated. Here, we aimed to reveal the key regulators of NASH in patients with hyperlipidemia and to explore its role and underlying mechanisms. APPROACH AND RESULTS To identify the predominant suppressors of NASH in the setting of hyperlipidemia, we collected liver biopsy samples from patients with hyperlipidemia, with or without NASH, and performed RNA-sequencing analysis. Notably, decreased Lineage specific Interacting Motif domain only 7 (LMO7) expression robustly correlated with the occurrence and severity of NASH. Although overexpression of LMO7 effectively blocked hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation, LMO7 deficiency in hepatocytes greatly exacerbated diet-induced NASH progression. Mechanistically, lysine 48 (K48)-linked ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of tripartite motif-containing 47 (TRIM47) and subsequent inactivation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade are required for the protective function of LMO7 in NASH. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide proof-of-concept evidence supporting LMO7 as a robust suppressor of NASH in the context of hyperlipidemia, indicating that targeting the LMO7-TRIM47 axis is a promising therapeutic strategy for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiangen Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Kequan Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Caixia Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaomian Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yang-Wen-Qing Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yingyi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xutao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Bicheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Weijie Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
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13
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Roberts MA, Deol KK, Mathiowetz AJ, Lange M, Leto DE, Stevenson J, Hashemi SH, Morgens DW, Easter E, Heydari K, Nalls MA, Bassik MC, Kampmann M, Kopito RR, Faghri F, Olzmann JA. Parallel CRISPR-Cas9 screens identify mechanisms of PLIN2 and lipid droplet regulation. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1782-1800.e10. [PMID: 37494933 PMCID: PMC10530302 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the key roles of perilipin-2 (PLIN2) in governing lipid droplet (LD) metabolism, the mechanisms that regulate PLIN2 levels remain incompletely understood. Here, we leverage a set of genome-edited human PLIN2 reporter cell lines in a series of CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screens, identifying genetic modifiers that influence PLIN2 expression and post-translational stability under different metabolic conditions and in different cell types. These regulators include canonical genes that control lipid metabolism as well as genes involved in ubiquitination, transcription, and mitochondrial function. We further demonstrate a role for the E3 ligase MARCH6 in regulating triacylglycerol biosynthesis, thereby influencing LD abundance and PLIN2 stability. Finally, our CRISPR screens and several published screens provide the foundation for CRISPRlipid (http://crisprlipid.org), an online data commons for lipid-related functional genomics data. Our study identifies mechanisms of PLIN2 and LD regulation and provides an extensive resource for the exploration of LD biology and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Roberts
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kirandeep K Deol
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Alyssa J Mathiowetz
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mike Lange
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dara E Leto
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julian Stevenson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sayed Hadi Hashemi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
| | - David W Morgens
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Emilee Easter
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kartoosh Heydari
- Cancer Research Laboratory FACS Core Facility, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, LLC, Washington, DC, USA; Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael C Bassik
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Martin Kampmann
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ron R Kopito
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Faraz Faghri
- Data Tecnica International, LLC, Washington, DC, USA; Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James A Olzmann
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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14
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Zhang M, Bai X, Du Q, Xu J, Wang D, Chen L, Dong K, Chen Z, Yang J. The Different Mechanisms of Lipid Accumulation in Hepatocytes Induced by Oleic Acid/Palmitic Acid and High-Fat Diet. Molecules 2023; 28:6714. [PMID: 37764494 PMCID: PMC10536454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the primary chronic liver disease worldwide, mainly manifested by hepatic steatosis. Hepatic lipids may be derived from dietary intake, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) uptake, or hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Currently, cellular and animal models of hepatocellular steatosis are widely used to study the pathogenesis of NAFLD and to investigate therapeutic agents. However, whether there are differences between the in vivo and in vitro models of the mechanisms that cause lipid accumulation has not been reported. We used OA/PA-induced NCTC 1469 cells and high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6J mice to simulate a hepatocyte steatosis model of NAFLD and to detect indicators related to FFA uptake and DNL. In addition, when serological indicators were analysed in the mouse model, it was found that serum FASN levels decreased. The results revealed that, in the cellular model, indicators related to DNL were decreased, FASN enzyme activity was unchanged, and indicators related to FFA uptake were increased, including the high expression of CD36; while, in the animal model, indicators related to both FFA uptake and de novo synthesis were increased, including the high expression of CD36 and the increased protein levels of FASN with enhanced enzyme activity. In addition, after an analysis of the serological indicators in the mouse model, it was found that the serum levels of FASN were reduced. In conclusion, the OA/PA-induced cellular model can be used to study the mechanism of FFA uptake, whereas the high-fat-diet-induced mouse model can be used to study the mechanism of FFA uptake and DNL. Combined treatment with CD36 and FASN may be more effective against NAFLD. FASN in the serum can be used as one of the indicators for the clinical diagnosis of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Xue Bai
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Qian Du
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Jiaojiao Xu
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Danqing Wang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Lei Chen
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Keting Dong
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Ziyue Chen
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
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15
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Li Q, Wang W, Duan F, Wang Y, Chen S, Shi K, Xia Y, Li X, Gao Y, Liu G. DNMT3B Alleviates Liver Steatosis Induced by Chronic Low-grade LPS via Inhibiting CIDEA Expression. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:59-77. [PMID: 37703946 PMCID: PMC10665944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most prevalent chronic liver disease and threats to human health. Gut dysbiosis caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leakage has been strongly related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS Previous studies have shown that low-grade LPS administration to mice on a standard, low-fat chow diet is sufficient to induce symptoms of fatty liver. This study confirmed these findings and supported LPS as a lipid metabolism regulator in the liver. RESULTS Mechanically, LPS induced dysregulated lipid metabolism by inhibiting the expression of DNA methyltransferases 3B (DNMT3B). Genetic overexpression of DNMT3B alleviated LPS-induced lipid accumulation, whereas its knockdown increased steatosis in mice and human hepatocytes. LPS-induced lower expression of DNMT3B led to hypomethylation in promoter region of CIDEA, resulting in increased binding of SREBP-1c to its promoter and activated CIDEA expression. Hepatic interference of CIDEA reversed the effect of LPS on lipogenesis. These effects were independent of a high-fat diet or high fatty acid action. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings sustain the conclusion that LPS is a lipogenic factor and could be involved in hepatic steatosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China.
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Feifan Duan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yaju Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Shuya Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Kangyun Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yinyin Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China; Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China.
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16
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Bombarda-Rocha V, Silva D, Badr-Eddine A, Nogueira P, Gonçalves J, Fresco P. Challenges in Pharmacological Intervention in Perilipins (PLINs) to Modulate Lipid Droplet Dynamics in Obesity and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4013. [PMID: 37568828 PMCID: PMC10417315 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15154013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Perilipins (PLINs) are the most abundant proteins in lipid droplets (LD). These LD-associated proteins are responsible for upgrading LD from inert lipid storage structures to fully functional organelles, fundamentally integrated in the lipid metabolism. There are five distinct perilipins (PLIN1-5), each with specific expression patterns and metabolic activation, but all capable of regulating the activity of lipases on LD. This plurality creates a complex orchestrated mechanism that is directly related to the healthy balance between lipogenesis and lipolysis. Given the essential role of PLINs in the modulation of the lipid metabolism, these proteins can become interesting targets for the treatment of lipid-associated diseases. Since reprogrammed lipid metabolism is a recognized cancer hallmark, and obesity is a known risk factor for cancer and other comorbidities, the modulation of PLINs could either improve existing treatments or create new opportunities for the treatment of these diseases. Even though PLINs have not been, so far, directly considered for pharmacological interventions, there are many established drugs that can modulate PLINs activity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the involvement of PLINs in diseases related to lipid metabolism dysregulation and whether PLINs can be viewed as potential therapeutic targets for cancer and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victória Bombarda-Rocha
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Dany Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Allal Badr-Eddine
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
| | - Patrícia Nogueira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Fresco
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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17
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Wu X, Xu M, Geng M, Chen S, Little PJ, Xu S, Weng J. Targeting protein modifications in metabolic diseases: molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:220. [PMID: 37244925 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represents a major public health burden worldwide. The most common form of NCD is metabolic diseases, which affect people of all ages and usually manifest their pathobiology through life-threatening cardiovascular complications. A comprehensive understanding of the pathobiology of metabolic diseases will generate novel targets for improved therapies across the common metabolic spectrum. Protein posttranslational modification (PTM) is an important term that refers to biochemical modification of specific amino acid residues in target proteins, which immensely increases the functional diversity of the proteome. The range of PTMs includes phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, neddylation, glycosylation, palmitoylation, myristoylation, prenylation, cholesterylation, glutathionylation, S-nitrosylation, sulfhydration, citrullination, ADP ribosylation, and several novel PTMs. Here, we offer a comprehensive review of PTMs and their roles in common metabolic diseases and pathological consequences, including diabetes, obesity, fatty liver diseases, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Building upon this framework, we afford a through description of proteins and pathways involved in metabolic diseases by focusing on PTM-based protein modifications, showcase the pharmaceutical intervention of PTMs in preclinical studies and clinical trials, and offer future perspectives. Fundamental research defining the mechanisms whereby PTMs of proteins regulate metabolic diseases will open new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510000, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Mengya Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute and School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, QLD, 4575, Australia
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510000, Guangzhou, China.
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, China.
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18
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Xu J, Liu Z, Zhang J, Chen S, Wang W, Zhao X, Zhen M, Huang X. N-end Rule-Mediated Proteasomal Degradation of ATGL Promotes Lipid Storage. Diabetes 2023; 72:210-222. [PMID: 36346641 PMCID: PMC9871197 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cellular lipid storage is regulated by the balance of lipogenesis and lipolysis. The rate-limiting triglyceride hydrolase ATGL (desnutrin/PNPLA2) is critical for lipolysis. The control of ATGL transcription, localization, and activation has been intensively studied, while regulation of the protein stability of ATGL is much less explored. In this study, we showed that the protein stability of ATGL is regulated by the N-end rule in cultured cells and in mice. The N-end rule E3 ligases UBR1 and UBR2 reduce the level of ATGL and affect lipid storage. The N-end rule-resistant ATGL(F2A) mutant, in which the N-terminal phenylalanine (F) of ATGL is substituted by alanine (A), has increased protein stability and enhanced lipolysis activity. ATGLF2A/F2A knock-in mice are protected against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance. Hepatic knockdown of Ubr1 attenuates HFD-induced hepatic steatosis by enhancing the ATGL level. Finally, the protein levels of UBR1 and ATGL are negatively correlated in the adipose tissue of obese mice. Our study reveals N-end rule-mediated proteasomal regulation of ATGL, a finding that may potentially be beneficial for treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Corresponding authors: Jiesi Xu, , and Xun Huang,
| | - Zhenglong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Zhen
- Lunenfeld–Tanebaum Research Institute, Departments of Molecular Genetics and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Corresponding authors: Jiesi Xu, , and Xun Huang,
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19
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Zhu M, Wang X, Wang K, Zhao Z, Dang Y, Ji G, Li F, Zhou W. Lingguizhugan decoction improves non-alcoholic steatohepatitis partially by modulating gut microbiota and correlated metabolites. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1066053. [PMID: 36779187 PMCID: PMC9908757 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1066053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lingguizhugan decoction is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription that has been used to improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its progressive form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the anti-NASH effects and underlying mechanisms of Lingguizhugan decoction remain unclear. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet to induce NASH, and then given Lingguizhugan decoction orally for four weeks. NASH indexes were evaluated by histopathological analysis and biochemical parameters including serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), liver triglycerides (TG), etc. Fecal samples of rats were subjected to profile the changes of gut microbiota and metabolites using 16S rRNA sequencing and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Bioinformatics was used to identify Lingguizhugan decoction reversed candidates, and Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to uncover the relationship among gut microbiota, fecal metabolites, and NASH indexes. Results Four-week Lingguizhugan decoction treatment ameliorated MCD diet-induced NASH features, as evidenced by improved hepatic steatosis and inflammation, as well as decreased serum AST and ALT levels. Besides, Lingguizhugan decoction partially restored the changes in gut microbial community composition in NASH rats. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of 26 genera was significantly changed in NASH rats, and 11 genera (such as odoribacter, Ruminococcus_1, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-004, etc.) were identified as significantly reversed by Lingguizhugan decoction. Additionally, a total of 99 metabolites were significantly altered in NASH rats, and 57 metabolites (such as TDCA, Glutamic acid, Isocaproic acid, etc.) enriched in different pathways were reversed by Lingguizhugan decoction. Furthermore, Spearman's correlation analyses revealed that most of the 57 metabolites were significantly correlated with 11 genera and NASH indexes. Conclusion Lingguizhugan decoction may exert protective effects on NASH partially by modulating gut microbiota and correlated metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Zhu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqi Dang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghua Li
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Wenjun Zhou, ; Fenghua Li,
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Wenjun Zhou, ; Fenghua Li,
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20
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Li X, Shan K, Li C, Zhou G. Intermittent Protein Diets Alter Hepatic Lipid Accumulation by Changing Tryptophan Metabolism in a Fast-Response Manner. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3261-3272. [PMID: 36634216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In modern life, the fluctuation of dietary protein levels is common, in particular, for low-income populations. However, its effect on human health is little known. Alternating changes of low and high casein or pork protein were used to simulate the fluctuation of dietary protein content in mice. Hepatic lipid accumulation showed a fast response to alternating changes of low- and high-protein diets. Correspondingly, some gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolite composition also showed a fast response to dietary protein changes. The fast response of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) was proven to inhibit hepatic lipid accumulation in vitro. Therefore, intermittent protein diets modulated hepatic lipid accumulation through 3-HK. These findings highlighted the sensitivity of hepatic lipid accumulation to dietary protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Kai Shan
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chunbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095Nanjing, P. R. China
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21
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Shao C, Xu L, Lei P, Wang W, Feng S, Ye J, Zhong B. Metabolomics to identify fingerprints of carotid atherosclerosis in nonobese metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:12. [PMID: 36624524 PMCID: PMC9830861 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03760-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Nonobese metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is paradoxically associated with improved metabolic and pathological features at diagnosis but similar cardiovascular diseases (CVD) prognosis to obese MAFLD. We aimed to utilize the metabolomics to identify the potential metabolite profiles accounting for this phenomenon. METHODS This prospective multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in China enrolling derivation and validation cohorts. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were applied to perform a metabolomics measurement. RESULTS The study involved 120 MAFLD patients and 60 non-MAFLD controls in the derivation cohort. Controls were divided into two groups according to the presence of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS). The MAFLD group was further divided into nonobese MAFLD with/without CAS groups and obese MAFLD with/without CAS groups. Fifty-six metabolites were statistically significant for discriminating the six groups. Among the top 10 metabolites related to CAS in nonobese MAFLD, only phosphatidylethanolamine (PE 20:2/16:0), phosphatidylglycerol (PG 18:0/20:4) and de novo lipogenesis (16:0/18:2n-6) achieved significant areas under the ROC curve (AUCs, 0.67, p = 0.03; 0.79, p = 0.02; 0.63, p = 0.03, respectively). The combination of these three metabolites and liver stiffness achieved a significantly higher AUC (0.92, p < 0.01). In obese MAFLD patients, cystine was found to be significant with an AUC of 0.69 (p = 0.015), followed by sphingomyelin (SM 16:1/18:1) (0.71, p = 0.004) and de novo lipogenesis (16:0/18:2n-6) (0.73, p = 0.004). The combination of these three metabolites, liver fat content and age attained a significantly higher AUC of 0.91 (p < 0.001). The AUCs of these metabolites remained highly significant in the independent validation cohorts involving 200 MAFLD patients and 90 controls. CONCLUSIONS Diagnostic models combining different metabolites according to BMI categories could raise the accuracy of identifying subclinical CAS. Trial registration The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee and all the participants have provided written informed consent (Approval number: [2014] No. 112, registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-ChiCTR2000034197).
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Affiliation(s)
- Congxiang Shao
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan II Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Lishu Xu
- grid.410643.4Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, and Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, No. 106 Zhongshan II Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingguang Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Baoan District Songgang People’s Hospital, No. 2, Shajiang Road, Songgang Street, Bao’an District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan II Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiting Feng
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan II Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junzhao Ye
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan II Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Bihui Zhong
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan II Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080 China
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22
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Sherpa D, Chrustowicz J, Schulman BA. How the ends signal the end: Regulation by E3 ubiquitin ligases recognizing protein termini. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1424-1438. [PMID: 35247307 PMCID: PMC9098119 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Specificity of eukaryotic protein degradation is determined by E3 ubiquitin ligases and their selective binding to protein motifs, termed "degrons," in substrates for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. From the discovery of the first substrate degron and the corresponding E3 to a flurry of recent studies enabled by modern systems and structural methods, it is clear that many regulatory pathways depend on E3s recognizing protein termini. Here, we review the structural basis for recognition of protein termini by E3s and how this recognition underlies biological regulation. Diverse E3s evolved to harness a substrate's N and/or C terminus (and often adjacent residues as well) in a sequence-specific manner. Regulation is achieved through selective activation of E3s and also through generation of degrons at ribosomes or by posttranslational means. Collectively, many E3 interactions with protein N and C termini enable intricate control of protein quality and responses to cellular signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawafuti Sherpa
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Jakub Chrustowicz
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Bavaria, Germany.
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