1
|
Chen L, Xing X, Zhang P, Chen L, Pei H. Homeostatic regulation of NAD(H) and NADP(H) in cells. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101146. [PMID: 38988322 PMCID: PMC11233901 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/reduced NAD+ (NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)/reduced NADP+ (NADPH) are essential metabolites involved in multiple metabolic pathways and cellular processes. NAD+ and NADH redox couple plays a vital role in catabolic redox reactions, while NADPH is crucial for cellular anabolism and antioxidant responses. Maintaining NAD(H) and NADP(H) homeostasis is crucial for normal physiological activity and is tightly regulated through various mechanisms, such as biosynthesis, consumption, recycling, and conversion between NAD(H) and NADP(H). The conversions between NAD(H) and NADP(H) are controlled by NAD kinases (NADKs) and NADP(H) phosphatases [specifically, metazoan SpoT homolog-1 (MESH1) and nocturnin (NOCT)]. NADKs facilitate the synthesis of NADP+ from NAD+, while MESH1 and NOCT convert NADP(H) into NAD(H). In this review, we summarize the physiological roles of NAD(H) and NADP(H) and discuss the regulatory mechanisms governing NAD(H) and NADP(H) homeostasis in three key aspects: the transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of NADKs, the role of MESH1 and NOCT in maintaining NAD(H) and NADP(H) homeostasis, and the influence of the circadian clock on NAD(H) and NADP(H) homeostasis. In conclusion, NADKs, MESH1, and NOCT are integral to various cellular processes, regulating NAD(H) and NADP(H) homeostasis. Dysregulation of these enzymes results in various human diseases, such as cancers and metabolic disorders. Hence, strategies aiming to restore NAD(H) and NADP(H) homeostasis hold promise as novel therapeutic approaches for these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luojun Chen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Xiaoke Xing
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Pingfeng Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Huadong Pei
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lipońska A, Lee H, Yap MN. Staphylococcal exoribonuclease YhaM destabilizes ribosomes by targeting the mRNA of a hibernation factor. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:8998-9013. [PMID: 38979572 PMCID: PMC11347170 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The hibernation-promoting factor (Hpf) in Staphylococcus aureus binds to 70S ribosomes and induces the formation of the 100S complex (70S dimer), leading to translational avoidance and occlusion of ribosomes from RNase R-mediated degradation. Here, we show that the 3'-5' exoribonuclease YhaM plays a previously unrecognized role in modulating ribosome stability. Unlike RNase R, which directly degrades the 16S rRNA of ribosomes in S. aureus cells lacking Hpf, YhaM destabilizes ribosomes by indirectly degrading the 3'-hpf mRNA that carries an intrinsic terminator. YhaM adopts an active hexameric assembly and robustly cleaves ssRNA in a manganese-dependent manner. In vivo, YhaM appears to be a low-processive enzyme, trimming the hpf mRNA by only 1 nucleotide. Deletion of yhaM delays cell growth. These findings substantiate the physiological significance of this cryptic enzyme and the protective role of Hpf in ribosome integrity, providing a mechanistic understanding of bacterial ribosome turnover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lipońska
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 320 E Superior St, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Biophysics Core in Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), 1100 S Ashland Ave, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Mee-Ngan F Yap
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 320 E Superior St, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guillard J, Schwörer S. Metabolic control of collagen synthesis. Matrix Biol 2024:S0945-053X(24)00094-5. [PMID: 39084474 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is present in all tissues and crucial in maintaining normal tissue homeostasis and function. Defects in ECM synthesis and remodeling can lead to various diseases, while overproduction of ECM components can cause severe conditions like organ fibrosis and influence cancer progression and therapy resistance. Collagens are the most abundant core ECM proteins in physiological and pathological conditions and are predominantly synthesized by fibroblasts. Previous efforts to target aberrant collagen synthesis in fibroblasts by inhibiting pro-fibrotic signaling cascades have been ineffective. More recently, metabolic rewiring downstream of pro-fibrotic signaling has emerged as a critical regulator of collagen synthesis in fibroblasts. Here, we propose that targeting the metabolic pathways involved in ECM biomass generation provides a novel avenue for treating conditions characterized by excessive collagen accumulation. This review summarizes the unique metabolic challenges collagen synthesis imposes on fibroblasts and discusses how underlying metabolic networks could be exploited to create therapeutic opportunities in cancer and fibrotic disease. Finally, we provide a perspective on open questions in the field and how conceptual and technical advances will help address them to unlock novel metabolic vulnerabilities of collagen synthesis in fibroblasts and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guillard
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division
| | - Simon Schwörer
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division; Committee on Cancer Biology, Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tran DH, Kim D, Kesavan R, Brown H, Dey T, Soflaee MH, Vu HS, Tasdogan A, Guo J, Bezwada D, Al Saad H, Cai F, Solmonson A, Rion H, Chabatya R, Merchant S, Manales NJ, Tcheuyap VT, Mulkey M, Mathews TP, Brugarolas J, Morrison SJ, Zhu H, DeBerardinis RJ, Hoxhaj G. De novo and salvage purine synthesis pathways across tissues and tumors. Cell 2024; 187:3602-3618.e20. [PMID: 38823389 PMCID: PMC11246224 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Purine nucleotides are vital for RNA and DNA synthesis, signaling, metabolism, and energy homeostasis. To synthesize purines, cells use two principal routes: the de novo and salvage pathways. Traditionally, it is believed that proliferating cells predominantly rely on de novo synthesis, whereas differentiated tissues favor the salvage pathway. Unexpectedly, we find that adenine and inosine are the most effective circulating precursors for supplying purine nucleotides to tissues and tumors, while hypoxanthine is rapidly catabolized and poorly salvaged in vivo. Quantitative metabolic analysis demonstrates comparative contribution from de novo synthesis and salvage pathways in maintaining purine nucleotide pools in tumors. Notably, feeding mice nucleotides accelerates tumor growth, while inhibiting purine salvage slows down tumor progression, revealing a crucial role of the salvage pathway in tumor metabolism. These findings provide fundamental insights into how normal tissues and tumors maintain purine nucleotides and highlight the significance of purine salvage in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diem H Tran
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dohun Kim
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rushendhiran Kesavan
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Harrison Brown
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Trishna Dey
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mona Hoseini Soflaee
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hieu S Vu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen & German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site, Essen, Germany
| | - Jason Guo
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Divya Bezwada
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Houssam Al Saad
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Feng Cai
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ashley Solmonson
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Halie Rion
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rawand Chabatya
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Salma Merchant
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nathan J Manales
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Vanina T Tcheuyap
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Megan Mulkey
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - James Brugarolas
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gerta Hoxhaj
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jamerson LE, Bradshaw PC. The Roles of White Adipose Tissue and Liver NADPH in Dietary Restriction-Induced Longevity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:820. [PMID: 39061889 PMCID: PMC11273496 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) protocols frequently employ intermittent fasting. Following a period of fasting, meal consumption increases lipogenic gene expression, including that of NADPH-generating enzymes that fuel lipogenesis in white adipose tissue (WAT) through the induction of transcriptional regulators SREBP-1c and CHREBP. SREBP-1c knockout mice, unlike controls, did not show an extended lifespan on the DR diet. WAT cytoplasmic NADPH is generated by both malic enzyme 1 (ME1) and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), while liver cytoplasmic NADPH is primarily synthesized by folate cycle enzymes provided one-carbon units through serine catabolism. During the daily fasting period of the DR diet, fatty acids are released from WAT and are transported to peripheral tissues, where they are used for beta-oxidation and for phospholipid and lipid droplet synthesis, where monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) may activate Nrf1 and inhibit ferroptosis to promote longevity. Decreased WAT NADPH from PPP gene knockout stimulated the browning of WAT and protected from a high-fat diet, while high levels of NADPH-generating enzymes in WAT and macrophages are linked to obesity. But oscillations in WAT [NADPH]/[NADP+] from feeding and fasting cycles may play an important role in maintaining metabolic plasticity to drive longevity. Studies measuring the WAT malate/pyruvate as a proxy for the cytoplasmic [NADPH]/[NADP+], as well as studies using fluorescent biosensors expressed in the WAT of animal models to monitor the changes in cytoplasmic [NADPH]/[NADP+], are needed during ad libitum and DR diets to determine the changes that are associated with longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick C. Bradshaw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang R, Zhang K. Mitochondrial NAD kinase in health and disease. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102613. [PMID: 36689815 PMCID: PMC9873681 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), a co-enzyme and an electron carrier, plays crucial roles in numerous biological functions, including cellular metabolism and antioxidation. Because NADP is subcellular-membrane impermeable, eukaryotes compartmentalize NAD kinases (NADKs), the NADP biosynthetic enzymes. Mitochondria are fundamental organelles for energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. Ten years after the discovery of the mitochondrial NADK (known as MNADK or NADK2), a significant amount of knowledge has been obtained regarding its functions, mechanism of action, human biology, mouse models, crystal structures, and post-translation modifications. NADK2 phosphorylates NAD(H) to generate mitochondrial NADP(H). NADK2-deficient patients suffered from hyperlysinemia, elevated plasma C10:2-carnitine (due to the inactivity of relevant NADP-dependent enzymes), and neuronal development defects. Nadk2-deficient mice recapitulate key features of NADK2-deficient patients, including metabolic and neuronal abnormalities. Crystal structures of human NADK2 show a dimer, with the NADP+-binding site located at the dimer interface. NADK2 activity is highly regulated by post-translational modifications, including S188 phosphorylation, K76 and K304 acetylation, and C193 S-nitrosylation; mutations in each site affect NADK2 activity and function. In mice, hepatic Nadk2 functions as a major metabolic regulator upon increased energy demands by regulating sirtuin 3 activity and fatty acid oxidation. Hopefully, future research on NADK2 will not only elucidate its functional roles in health and disease but will also pave the way for novel therapeutics for both rare and common diseases, including NADK2 deficiency and metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Clément DA, Gelin M, Leseigneur C, Huteau V, Mondange L, Pons JL, Dussurget O, Lionne C, Labesse G, Pochet S. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of original cyclic diadenosine derivatives as nanomolar inhibitors of NAD kinase from pathogenic bacteria. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114941. [PMID: 36455355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinases (NAD kinases) are essential and ubiquitous enzymes involved in the production of NADP(H) which is an essential cofactor in many metabolic pathways. Targeting NAD kinase (NADK), a rate limiting enzyme of NADP biosynthesis pathway, represents a new promising approach to treat bacterial infections. Previously, we have produced the first NADK inhibitor active against staphylococcal infection. From this linear di-adenosine derivative, namely NKI1, we designed macrocyclic analogues. Here, we describe the synthesis and evaluation of an original series of cyclic diadenosine derivatives as NADK inhibitors of two pathogenic bacteria, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The nature and length of the link between the two adenosine units were examined leading to sub-micromolar inhibitors of NADK1 from L. monocytogenes, including its most potent in vitro inhibitor reported so far (with a 300-fold improvement compared to NKI1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Clément
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, Unité de Chimie et Biocatalyse, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Gelin
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), CNRS UMR5048, INSERM U1054, Université de Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Clarisse Leseigneur
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Unité de Recherche Yersinia, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Huteau
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, Unité de Chimie et Biocatalyse, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Lou Mondange
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Unité de Recherche Yersinia, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Pons
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), CNRS UMR5048, INSERM U1054, Université de Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Dussurget
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Unité de Recherche Yersinia, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Lionne
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), CNRS UMR5048, INSERM U1054, Université de Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Labesse
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), CNRS UMR5048, INSERM U1054, Université de Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France.
| | - Sylvie Pochet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, Unité de Chimie et Biocatalyse, F-75015, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rahimova R, Nogaret P, Huteau V, Gelin M, Clément DA, Labesse G, Pochet S, Blanc-Potard AB, Lionne C. Structure-based design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a NAD + analogue targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa NAD kinase. FEBS J 2023; 290:482-501. [PMID: 36036789 PMCID: PMC10087438 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is a major public health problem that requires the urgent development of new antibiotics and therefore the identification of novel bacterial targets. The activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase, NADK, is essential in all bacteria tested so far, including many human pathogens that display antibiotic resistance leading to the failure of current treatments. Inhibiting NADK is therefore a promising and innovative antibacterial strategy since there is currently no drug on the market targeting this enzyme. Through a fragment-based drug design approach, we have recently developed a NAD+ -competitive inhibitor of NADKs, which displayed in vivo activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Here, we show that this compound, a di-adenosine derivative, is inactive against the NADK enzyme from the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PaNADK). This lack of activity can be explained by the crystal structure of PaNADK, which was determined in complex with NADP+ in this study. Structural analysis led us to design and synthesize a benzamide adenine dinucleoside analogue, active against PaNADK. This novel compound efficiently inhibited PaNADK enzymatic activity in vitro with a Ki of 4.6 μm. Moreover, this compound reduced P. aeruginosa infection in vivo in a zebrafish model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahila Rahimova
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5048, INSERM U1054, France
| | - Pauline Nogaret
- Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions (LPHI), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5235, France
| | - Valérie Huteau
- Unité de Chimie Biologique Epigénétique, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, France
| | - Muriel Gelin
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5048, INSERM U1054, France
| | - David A Clément
- Unité de Chimie Biologique Epigénétique, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, France
| | - Gilles Labesse
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5048, INSERM U1054, France
| | - Sylvie Pochet
- Unité de Chimie Biologique Epigénétique, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, France
| | | | - Corinne Lionne
- Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5048, INSERM U1054, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oka SI, Titus AS, Zablocki D, Sadoshima J. Molecular properties and regulation of NAD + kinase (NADK). Redox Biol 2022; 59:102561. [PMID: 36512915 PMCID: PMC9763689 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) kinase (NADK) phosphorylates NAD+, thereby producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). Both NADK genes and the NADP(H)-producing mechanism are evolutionarily conserved among archaea, bacteria, plants and mammals. In mammals, NADK is activated by phosphorylation and protein-protein interaction. Recent studies conducted using genetically altered models validate the essential role of NADK in cellular redox homeostasis and metabolism in multicellular organisms. Here, we describe the evolutionary conservation, molecular properties, and signaling mechanisms and discuss the pathophysiological significance of NADK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
NADPH and Mitochondrial Quality Control as Targets for a Circadian-Based Fasting and Exercise Therapy for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152416. [PMID: 35954260 PMCID: PMC9367803 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional mitochondrial quality control (MQC) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The improper selection of mitochondria for mitophagy increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lowers ATP levels. The downstream effects include oxidative damage, failure to maintain proteostasis and ion gradients, and decreased NAD+ and NADPH levels, resulting in insufficient energy metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis. A ketosis-based metabolic therapy that increases the levels of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) may reverse the dysfunctional MQC by partially replacing glucose as an energy source, by stimulating mitophagy, and by decreasing inflammation. Fasting can potentially raise cytoplasmic NADPH levels by increasing the mitochondrial export and cytoplasmic metabolism of ketone body-derived citrate that increases flux through isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1). NADPH is an essential cofactor for nitric oxide synthase, and the nitric oxide synthesized can diffuse into the mitochondrial matrix and react with electron transport chain-synthesized superoxide to form peroxynitrite. Excessive superoxide and peroxynitrite production can cause the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) to depolarize the mitochondria and activate PINK1-dependent mitophagy. Both fasting and exercise increase ketogenesis and increase the cellular NAD+/NADH ratio, both of which are beneficial for neuronal metabolism. In addition, both fasting and exercise engage the adaptive cellular stress response signaling pathways that protect neurons against the oxidative and proteotoxic stress implicated in PD. Here, we discuss how intermittent fasting from the evening meal through to the next-day lunch together with morning exercise, when circadian NAD+/NADH is most oxidized, circadian NADP+/NADPH is most reduced, and circadian mitophagy gene expression is high, may slow the progression of PD.
Collapse
|