1
|
Wang W, Wang C, Chen W, Ding S. Advances in immunological research of amphioxus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 118:103992. [PMID: 33387559 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Amphioxus, one of the most closely related invertebrates to vertebrates, is an important animal model for studying the origin and evolution of vertebrate immunity, especially the transition from innate immunity to adaptive immunity. The current research progresses of amphioxus in the field of immune organs, immune cells, complement system, cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B, immune-related lectins and enzymes are summarized, and some issues that remain to be understood or are in need of further clarification are highlighted. We hope to provide references for more in-depth study of the amphioxus immune system and lay a solid foundation for the construction of three-dimensional immune network in amphioxus from ontogeny to phylogeny.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
| | - Changliu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China; Yantai Productivity Promotion Center, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Structural and functional insights into macrophage migration inhibitory factor from Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. Biochem J 2020; 477:2133-2151. [PMID: 32484230 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oncomelania hupensis is the unique intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. As an irreplaceable prerequisite in the transmission and prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica, an in-depth study of this obligate host-parasite interaction can provide glimpse into the molecular events in the competition between schistosome infectivity and snail immune resistance. In previous studies, we identified a macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) from O. hupensis (OhMIF), and showed that it was involved in the snail host immune response to the parasite S. japonicum. Here, we determined the crystal structure of OhMIF and revealed that there were distinct structural differences between the mammalian and O. hupensis MIFs. Noticeably, there was a projecting and structured C-terminus in OhMIF, which not only regulated the MIF's thermostability but was also critical in the activation of its tautomerase activity. Comparative studies between OhMIF and human MIF (hMIF) by analyzing the tautomerase activity, oxidoreductase activity, thermostability, interaction with the receptor CD74 and activation of the ERK signaling pathway demonstrated the functional differences between hMIF and OhMIF. Our data shed a species-specific light on structural, functional, and immunological characteristics of OhMIF and enrich the knowledge on the MIF family.
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang S, Pengsakul T, Cao Y, Lu M, Peng W, Lin J, Tang C, Tang L. Biological activities and functional analysis of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:133-140. [PMID: 29305986 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a destructive parasitic zoonosis caused by agents of the genus Schistosoma, which afflicts more than 250 million people worldwide. The freshwater amphibious snail Oncomelania hupensis serves as the obligate intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been demonstrated to be a pleiotropic immunoregulatory cytokine and a key signaling molecule involved in adaptive and innate immunity. In the present study, we obtained the full-length cDNA of OhMIF and analyzed the characteristics of the ORF and the peptide sequence in O. hupensis. Next we have successfully expressed and purified the recombinant OhMIF protein (rOhMIF) together with a site-directed mutant rOhMIFP2G, in which the N-terminal Proline (Pro2) was substituted by a Gly. Our results indicated that rOhMIF displayed the conserved D-dopachrome tautomerase activity which is dependent on Pro2, and this enzymatic activity can be significantly inhibited by the MIF antagonist ISO-1. Moreover, we also measured and compared the steady state kinetic values for D-dopachrome tautomerase activity of rOhMIF and rHsMIF, and the results showed that the reaction rate, catalytic efficiency and substrate affinity of rOhMIF are significantly lower than those of rHsMIF. Additionally, we also showed that rOhMIF had the oxidoreductase activity which can utilize DTT as reductant to reduce insulin. Furthermore, the results obtained from the in vitro injection assay demonstrated that rOhMIF and its mutant rOhMIFP2G can also induce the phosphorylation and activation of ERK1/2 pathway in O. hupensis circulating hemocytes, indicating that the tautomerase activity is not required for this biological function. These results are expected to produce a better understanding of the internal immune defense system in O. hupensis, and help to further explore the interaction between O. hupensis and its natural parasite S. japoniucm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Theerakamol Pengsakul
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Yunchao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Mingke Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wenfeng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jiaojiao Lin
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongti Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Liang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Parasitology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sparkes A, De Baetselier P, Roelants K, De Trez C, Magez S, Van Ginderachter JA, Raes G, Bucala R, Stijlemans B. Reprint of: The non-mammalian MIF superfamily. Immunobiology 2017; 222:858-867. [PMID: 28552269 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was first described as a cytokine 50 years ago, and emerged in mammals as a pleiotropic protein with pro-inflammatory, chemotactic, and growth-promoting activities. In addition, MIF has gained substantial attention as a pivotal upstream mediator of innate and adaptive immune responses and with pathologic roles in several diseases. Of less importance in mammals is an intrinsic but non-physiologic enzymatic activity that points to MIF's evolution from an ancient defense molecule. Therefore, it is not surprising that mif-like genes also have been found across a range of different organisms including bacteria, plants, protozoa, helminths, molluscs, arthropods, fish, amphibians and birds. While Genebank analysis identifying mif-like genes across species is extensive, contained herein is an overview of the non-mammalian MIF-like proteins that have been most well studied experimentally. For many of these organisms, MIF contributes to an innate defense system or plays a role in development. For parasitic organisms however, MIF appears to function as a virulence factor aiding in the establishment or persistence of infection by modulating the host immune response. Consequently, a combined targeting of both parasitic and host MIF could lead to more effective treatment strategies for parasitic diseases of socioeconomic importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sparkes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Baetselier
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim Roelants
- Amphibian Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carl De Trez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Magez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jo A Van Ginderachter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Raes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Benoît Stijlemans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sparkes A, De Baetselier P, Roelants K, De Trez C, Magez S, Van Ginderachter JA, Raes G, Bucala R, Stijlemans B. The non-mammalian MIF superfamily. Immunobiology 2017; 222:473-482. [PMID: 27780588 PMCID: PMC5293613 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was first described as a cytokine 50 years ago, and emerged in mammals as a pleiotropic protein with pro-inflammatory, chemotactic, and growth-promoting activities. In addition, MIF has gained substantial attention as a pivotal upstream mediator of innate and adaptive immune responses and with pathologic roles in several diseases. Of less importance in mammals is an intrinsic but non-physiologic enzymatic activity that points to MIF's evolution from an ancient defense molecule. Therefore, it is not surprising that mif-like genes also have been found across a range of different organisms including bacteria, plants, protozoa, helminths, molluscs, arthropods, fish, amphibians and birds. While Genebank analysis identifying mif-like genes across species is extensive, contained herein is an overview of the non-mammalian MIF-like proteins that have been most well studied experimentally. For many of these organisms, MIF contributes to an innate defense system or plays a role in development. For parasitic organisms however, MIF appears to function as a virulence factor aiding in the establishment or persistence of infection by modulating the host immune response. Consequently, a combined targeting of both parasitic and host MIF could lead to more effective treatment strategies for parasitic diseases of socioeconomic importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sparkes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Baetselier
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium
| | - Kim Roelants
- Amphibian Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carl De Trez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Magez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jo A Van Ginderachter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium
| | - Geert Raes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Benoît Stijlemans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Gent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zou L, Liu B. The polymorphisms of a MIF gene and their association with Vibrio resistance in the clam Meretrix meretrix. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 62:116-126. [PMID: 27103597 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an important proinflammatory cytokine that mediates both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, a homolog of MIF was identified in the clam Meretrix meretrix. Ten SNPs in the DNA partial sequence of MmMIF were found to be significantly associated with Vibrio resistance (P < 0.05). Distinct expression patterns of MmMIF among different haplotypes were observed after Vibrio challenge. The results showed that haplotypes did not affect MmMIF expression in the negative control group, while the expression of MmMIF in clams with Hap1 and Hap1/Hap2 was significantly lower than that with Hap2 at 24 h in the PBS-injected group but significantly higher than that with Hap2 in the Vibrio-injected group. The results also indicate that Hap1 and Hap1/Hap2 can specifically respond to mechanical stimulation while Hap2 can specifically respond to Vibrio infection. The effect of a missense mutation was detected by site-directed mutagenesis using fusion expression of the protein, which showed that the SNP g.737 (I > V) has no effect on redox activity and tautomerase activity. These studies identified a potential marker that is enriched in Vibrio-resistant clams that can be used for the genetic breeding of Meretrix meretrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linhu Zou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Watson IPB, Brüne M, Bradley AJ. The evolution of the molecular response to stress and its relevance to trauma and stressor-related disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 68:134-147. [PMID: 27216210 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The experience of "stress", in its broadest meaning, is an inevitable part of life. All living creatures have evolved multiple mechanisms to deal with such threats and challenges and to avoid damage to the organism that may be incurred from these stress responses. Trauma and stressor-related disorders are psychiatric conditions that are caused specifically by the experience of stress, though depression, anxiety and some other disorders may also be unleashed by stress. Stress, however, is not a mandatory criterion of these diagnoses. This article focuses on the evolution of the neurochemicals involved in the response to stress and the systems in which they function. This includes the skin and gut, and the immune system. Evidence suggests that responses to stress are evolutionarily highly conserved, have wider involvement than the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal stress axis alone, and that excessive stress responses can produce stressor-related disorders in both humans and animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian P Burges Watson
- University of Tasmania, Department of Psychiatry, Hobart, Tasmania 7005, Australia
| | - Martin Brüne
- LWL University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.
| | - Adrian J Bradley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yuan S, Ruan J, Huang S, Chen S, Xu A. Amphioxus as a model for investigating evolution of the vertebrate immune system. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 48:297-305. [PMID: 24877655 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As the most basal chordate, the cephalochordate amphioxus has unique features that make it a valuable model for understanding the phylogeny of immunity. Vertebrate adaptive immunity (VAI) mediated by lymphocytes bearing variable receptors has been well-studied in mammals but not observed in invertebrates. However, the identification of lymphocyte-like cells in the gill along with genes related with lymphoid proliferation and differentiation indicates the presence of some basic components of VAI in amphioxus. Without VAI, amphioxus utilizes about 10% of its gene repertoires, and an ongoing domain reshuffling mechanism among these genes, for innate immunity, suggesting extraordinary innate complexity and diversity not observed in other species. Innate diversity may not be comparable to the somatic diversity of the VAI, but there is no doubt of the success of this immune system, since amphioxus has existed for over 500 million years. Studies of amphioxus immunity may provide information on the reduction of innate immune complexity and the conflict between microbiota and host shaped the evolution of adaptive immune systems (AIS) during chordate evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaochun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangwu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Anlong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schmeits PCJ, Schaap MM, Luijten M, van Someren E, Boorsma A, van Loveren H, Peijnenburg AACM, Hendriksen PJM. Detection of the mechanism of immunotoxicity of cyclosporine A in murine in vitro and in vivo models. Arch Toxicol 2014; 89:2325-37. [PMID: 25224403 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptomics in combination with in vitro cell systems is a powerful approach to unravel modes of action of toxicants. An important question is to which extent the modes of action as revealed by transcriptomics depend on cell type, species and study type (in vitro or in vivo). To acquire more insight into this, we assessed the transcriptomic effects of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA) upon 6 h of exposure of the mouse cytotoxic T cell line CTLL-2, the thymoma EL-4 and primary splenocytes and compared these to the effects in spleens of mice orally treated with CsA for 7 days. EL-4 and CTLL-2 cells showed the highest similarities in response. CsA affected many genes in primary splenocytes that were not affected in EL-4 or CTLL-2. Pathway analysis demonstrated that CsA upregulated the unfolded protein response, endoplasmic reticulum stress and NRF2 activation in EL-4 cells, CTLL-2 cells and primary mouse splenocytes but not in mouse spleen in vivo. As expected, CsA downregulated cell cycle and immune response in splenocytes in vitro, spleens in vivo as well as CTLL-2 in vitro. Genes up- and downregulated in human Jurkat, HepG2 and renal proximal tubular cells were similarly affected in CTLL-2, EL-4 and primary splenocytes in vitro. In conclusion, of the models tested in this study, the known mechanism of immunotoxicity of CsA is best represented in the mouse cytotoxic T cell line CTLL-2. This is likely due to the fact that this cell line is cultured in the presence of a T cell activation stimulant (IL-2) making it more suitable to detect inhibitory effects on T cell activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P C J Schmeits
- RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - M M Schaap
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M Luijten
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E van Someren
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Research Group Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO, P.O. Box 360, 3700 AJ, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - A Boorsma
- Research Group Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO, P.O. Box 360, 3700 AJ, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - H van Loveren
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - A A C M Peijnenburg
- RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - P J M Hendriksen
- RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cui S, Zhang D, Jiang S, Pu H, Hu Y, Guo H, Chen M, Su T, Zhu C. A macrophage migration inhibitory factor like oxidoreductase from pearl oyster Pinctada fucata involved in innate immune responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 31:173-181. [PMID: 21496487 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an important cytokine and plays a crucial role as a pivotal regulator of innate immunity. In this study, a MIF cDNA was identified and characterized from the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata (designated as PoMIF). The full-length of PoMIF was 1544 bp and consisted of a 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of 45 bp, a 3'-UTR of 1139 bp with a polyadenylation signal (AATAAA) at 12 nucleotides upstream of the poly (A) tail. The open reading frame (ORF) of PoMIF was 360 bp which encoded a polypeptide of 120 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 13.3 kDa and a predicted pI of 6.1. SMART analysis showed that PoMIF contained the catalytic-sites P² and K³³ for tautomerase activity, a motif C⁵⁷GSV⁶⁰ for oxidoreductase activity and a MIF family signature D⁵⁵PCGSVEVYSIGALG⁶⁹. Homology analysis revealed that the PoMIF shared 40.3-65.5% similarity and 26.9-45.0% identity to other known MIF sequences. PoMIF mRNA was constitutively expressed in seven selected tissues of healthy pearl oysters, with the highest expression level in digestive gland. Eight hours after P. fucata was injected with Vibrio alginolyticus, the expression of PoMIF mRNA was significantly up-regulated in digestive gland, gills, hemocytes and intestine. The cDNA fragment encoding mature protein of PoMIF was subcloned to expression vector pRSET and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The recombinant PoMIF (rPoMIF) was expressed and purified under optimized conditions. Function analysis showed that rPoMIF had oxidoreductase activity and could utilize dithiothreitol (DTT) as reductant to reduce insulin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuge Cui
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alam A, Goyal M, Iqbal MS, Bindu S, Dey S, Pal C, Maity P, Mascarenhas NM, Ghoshal N, Bandyopadhyay U. Cysteine-3 and cysteine-4 are essential for the thioredoxin-like oxidoreductase and antioxidant activities of Plasmodium falciparum macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 50:1659-68. [PMID: 21406224 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum macrophage migration inhibitory factor (PfMIF) exhibits thioredoxin (Trx)-like oxidoreductase activity but the active site for this activity and its function have not been evaluated. A bioinformatics search revealed that the conserved CXXC motif, which is responsible for Trx-like oxidoreductase activity, is absent from PfMIF. In contrast, the adjacent N-terminal Cys-3 and Cys-4 are conserved in MIF across species of malarial parasites. Mutation of either vicinal Cys-3 or Cys-4 of PfMIF abolished the Trx-like activity, whereas the mutation of the remaining Cys-59 or Cys-103 did not affect it. PfMIF has an antioxidant function. It prevents reactive oxygen species-mediated lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage of DNA as evident from DNA nicking assay. Interestingly, chemical modification of the vicinal cysteines by phenylarsine oxide (PAO), a specific vicinal thiol modifier, significantly prevented this antioxidant activity. Modification of Cys-3 and Cys-4 was confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy of peptide fragments obtained after cyanogen bromide digestion of PAO-modified PfMIF. Furthermore, mutation of either Cys-3 or Cys-4 of PfMIF resulted in the loss of both Trx-like oxidoreductase and antioxidant activities of PfMIF. Altogether, our results suggest that the vicinal Cys-3 and Cys-4 play a critical role in the Trx-like oxidoreductase activity and antioxidant property of PfMIF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athar Alam
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Buonocore F, Randelli E, Facchiano AM, Pallavicini A, Modonut M, Scapigliati G. Molecular and structural characterisation of a macrophage migration inhibitory factor from sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2010; 136:297-304. [PMID: 20363032 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine produced in numerous cell types, mainly T lymphocytes and macrophages, in response to inflammatory stimuli. In this paper we report the identification of a cDNA encoding a MIF molecule from sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.), its expression analysis and its 3D structure obtained by template-based modelling. The sea bass MIF cDNA consists of 609bp that translates in one reading frame to give the entire molecule containing 115 amino acids. The sequence contains three cysteine residues in conserved positions compared to human MIF and most Teleost fishes, with the exception of zebrafish and carp. The Cys(57)-Ala(58)-Leu(59)-Cys(60) motif, present inside the stretch important for JAB1-interaction and mediator of the thiol-protein oxidoreductase activity of MIF, is conserved in sea bass, together with the Pro(2) residue that is crucial for the tautomerase catalytic activity. Real-time PCR analyses revealed that MIF is constitutively expressed in all selected tissues and organs, with the highest mRNA level observed in thymus. MIF expression was induced after 4h in vitro stimulation of head kidney leukocytes with LPS and decreased after 24h. The predicted 3D model of sea bass MIF has been used to verify the presence of structural requirements for its known biological activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Buonocore
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|