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Zaman R, Islam RA, Chowdhury EH. Evolving therapeutic proteins to precisely kill cancer cells. J Control Release 2022; 351:779-804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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2
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Shoari A, Tahmasebi M, Khodabakhsh F, Cohan RA, Oghalaie A, Behdani M. Angiogenic biomolecules specific nanobodies application in cancer imaging and therapy; review and updates. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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3
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Skottrup PD, Døssing H, Andersen NW, Buch-Rasmussen L. Nanobody-based microfluidic human Fc assay for preclinical plasma quantification of IgG1/1.1 and IgG1-Fc-conjugates. J Immunol Methods 2022; 502:113214. [PMID: 34998814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic antibodies and Fc-conjugates are becoming increasingly popular for disease management and accurate and sensitive pharmacokinetic measurements are critical in lead candidate selection in pre-clinical drug discovery. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN Human Fc-specific intact monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, Fab fragments, aptamers, affibodies and nanobodies were screened for potential as biotinylated capture moieties in a microfluidic assay. Test compounds were Bevacizumab, Rituximab, Infliximab as well as an in-house IgG1.1 and an IgG1-drug conjugate. RESULTS Capture molecules were tested for specificity in plasma matrices from beagle dog, rat, mouse, pig, rhesus monkey and cynomolgus monkey. We find that the llama nanobody provides the best selectivity across across species. The assay usability were verified in cynomolgus monkey pharmacokinetic studies of in-house IgG1.1 and IgG1-fusion molecules. CONCLUSION The presented generic nanobody-based assay may find relevance in preclinical testing of future human Fc-containing drug conjugates devoid of Fab fragments and intact monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Durand Skottrup
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Research Bioanalysis, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark.
| | - Holger Døssing
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Research Bioanalysis, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
| | - Natasja Weismann Andersen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Research Bioanalysis, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
| | - Linda Buch-Rasmussen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Global Research Technologies, Research Bioanalysis, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
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4
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Sun S, Ding Z, Yang X, Zhao X, Zhao M, Gao L, Chen Q, Xie S, Liu A, Yin S, Xu Z, Lu X. Nanobody: A Small Antibody with Big Implications for Tumor Therapeutic Strategy. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2337-2356. [PMID: 33790553 PMCID: PMC7997558 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s297631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of monoclonal antibody treatments for successful tumor-targeted therapies took several decades. However, the efficacy of antibody-based therapy is still confined and desperately needs further improvement. Nanobodies are the recombinant variable domains of heavy-chain-only antibodies, with many unique properties such as small size (~15kDa), excellent solubility, superior stability, ease of manufacture, quick clearance from blood, and deep tissue penetration, which gain increasing acceptance as therapeutical tools and are considered also as building blocks for chimeric antigen receptors as well as for targeted drug delivery. Thus, one of the promising novel developments that may address the deficiency of monoclonal antibody-based therapies is the utilization of nanobodies. This article provides readers the significant factors that the structural and biochemical properties of nanobodies and the research progress on nanobodies in the fields of tumor treatment, as well as their application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Sun
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- School of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Ding
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minlong Zhao
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- School of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Gao
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qu Chen
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- School of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shenxia Xie
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiqun Liu
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shihua Yin
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- School of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Jafari Iri Sofla F, Rahbarizadeh F, Ahmadvand D, Nomani A, Vernet E. Anti–HER2 single domain antibody-conjugated dendrimers for targeted delivery of truncated-Bid transgene to breast cancer cells. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911518813677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnoush Jafari Iri Sofla
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davoud Ahmadvand
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Nomani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Erik Vernet
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Banihashemi SR, Hosseini AZ, Rahbarizadeh F, Ahmadvand D. Development of specific nanobodies (VHH) for CD19 immuno-targeting of human B-lymphocytes. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 21:455-464. [PMID: 29922424 PMCID: PMC6000210 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2018.26778.6557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CD19 is a transmembrane glycoprotein of immunoglobulin superfamily. In order to treat lymphoma, monoclonal antibodies (mAb) can target different antigens, including CD19, CD20 and CD22 on the surface of B-cells. Along with biotechnology progress, a new generation of antibodies is introduced, with the purpose of eliminating the defects of the previous generation. Among the most developed one are nanobodies (Nb). Nbs are a unique kind of camelid single domain antibody fragments with a broad range of medical applications. Unique physicochemical properties of Nbs have made them ideal candidates for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS An immune gene library was created, and several CD19 specific Nbs were selected through antigen panning process, and their molecular properties as well as specificity, sensitivity, affinity and immunoreactivity against CD19 positive and negative cells were evaluated. RESULTS The Nb library was prepared with 7.2 x107 members. We managed to isolate a panel of CD19-specific Nbs after the last round of selection with the affinity of isolated Nbs being estimated at the standard range of 15-35 nM. Sequence analysis of positive clones was indicative of the fact that 12 variable sequences were confirmed. Of all these 12 clones, 2 clones with the greatest level signal in ELISA underwent subsequent analysis. Our sequencing results indicated high sequence homology (approximately 90%) between the Nb and Homa variable immunoglobulin domains. CONCLUSION Specific Nbs possess the potential to be used as novel therapeutic approaches in order to treat autoimmune diseases and B-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Reza Banihashemi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zavaran Hosseini
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davoud Ahmadvand
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Baharlou R, Tajik N, Habibi-Anbouhi M, Shokrgozar MA, Zarnani AH, Shahhosseini F, Behdani M. Generation and characterization of an anti-delta like ligand-4 Nanobody to induce non-productive angiogenesis. Anal Biochem 2018; 544:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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8
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Iezzi ME, Policastro L, Werbajh S, Podhajcer O, Canziani GA. Single-Domain Antibodies and the Promise of Modular Targeting in Cancer Imaging and Treatment. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29520274 PMCID: PMC5827546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies and their fragments have significantly changed the outcome of cancer in the clinic, effectively inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, triggering antibody-dependent immune effector cell activation and complement mediated cell death. Along with a continued expansion in number, diversity, and complexity of validated tumor targets there is an increasing focus on engineering recombinant antibody fragments for lead development. Single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), in particular those engineered from the variable heavy-chain fragment (VHH gene) found in Camelidae heavy-chain antibodies (or IgG2 and IgG3), are the smallest fragments that retain the full antigen-binding capacity of the antibody with advantageous properties as drugs. For similar reasons, growing attention is being paid to the yet smaller variable heavy chain new antigen receptor (VNAR) fragments found in Squalidae. sdAbs have been selected, mostly from immune VHH libraries, to inhibit or modulate enzyme activity, bind soluble factors, internalize cell membrane receptors, or block cytoplasmic targets. This succinct review is a compilation of recent data documenting the application of engineered, recombinant sdAb in the clinic as epitope recognition “modules” to build monomeric, dimeric and multimeric ligands that target, tag and stall solid tumor growth in vivo. Size, affinity, specificity, and the development profile of sdAbs drugs are seemingly consistent with desirable clinical efficacy and safety requirements. But the hepatotoxicity of the tetrameric anti-DR5-VHH drug in patients with pre-existing anti-drug antibodies halted the phase I clinical trial and called for a thorough pre-screening of the immune and poly-specific reactivities of the sdAb leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Iezzi
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Policastro
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio Nanomedicina, Gerencia de Desarrollo Tecnológico y Proyectos Especiales, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Werbajh
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo Podhajcer
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Alicia Canziani
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Arezumand R, Alibakhshi A, Ranjbari J, Ramazani A, Muyldermans S. Nanobodies As Novel Agents for Targeting Angiogenesis in Solid Cancers. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1746. [PMID: 29276515 PMCID: PMC5727022 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid cancers are dependent on angiogenesis for sustenance. The FDA approval of Bevacizumab in 2004 inspired many scientists to develop more inhibitors of angiogenesis. Although several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are being administered to successfully combat various pathologies, the complexity and large size of mAbs seem to narrow the therapeutic applications. To improve the performance of cancer therapeutics, including those blocking tumor angiogenesis, attractive strategies such as miniaturization of the antibodies have been introduced. Nanobodies (Nbs), small single-domain antigen-binding antibody fragments, are becoming promising therapeutic and diagnostic proteins in oncology due to their favorable unique structural and functional properties. This review focuses on the potential and state of the art of Nbs to inhibit the angiogenic process for therapy and the use of labeled Nbs for non-invasive in vivo imaging of the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghaye Arezumand
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Science, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran
| | - Abbas Alibakhshi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Ranjbari
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Leow CH, Fischer K, Leow CY, Cheng Q, Chuah C, McCarthy J. Single Domain Antibodies as New Biomarker Detectors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2017; 7:diagnostics7040052. [PMID: 29039819 PMCID: PMC5745390 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics7040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are defined as indicators of biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers have been widely used for early detection, prediction of response after treatment, and for monitoring the progression of diseases. Antibodies represent promising tools for recognition of biomarkers, and are widely deployed as analytical tools in clinical settings. For immunodiagnostics, antibodies are now exploited as binders for antigens of interest across a range of platforms. More recently, the discovery of antibody surface display and combinatorial chemistry techniques has allowed the exploration of new binders from a range of animals, for instance variable domains of new antigen receptors (VNAR) from shark and variable heavy chain domains (VHH) or nanobodies from camelids. These single domain antibodies (sdAbs) have some advantages over conventional murine immunoglobulin owing to the lack of a light chain, making them the smallest natural biomarker binders thus far identified. In this review, we will discuss several biomarkers used as a means to validate diseases progress. The potential functionality of modern singe domain antigen binders derived from phylogenetically early animals as new biomarker detectors for current diagnostic and research platforms development will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiuan Herng Leow
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Katja Fischer
- Bacterial Pathogenesis and Scabies Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, Australia.
| | - Chiuan Yee Leow
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Qin Cheng
- Department of Drug Resistance and Diagnostics, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Brisbane 4051, Australia.
| | - Candy Chuah
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia.
| | - James McCarthy
- Clinical Tropical Medicine Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4029, Australia.
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Skottrup PD. Structural insights into a high affinity nanobody:antigen complex by homology modelling. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 76:305-312. [PMID: 28779687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major periodontitis-causing pathogens. P. gingivalis secrete a cysteine protease termed RgpB, which is specific for Arg-Xaa bonds in substrates. Recently, a nanobody-based assay was used to demonstrate that RgpB could represent a novel diagnostic target, thereby simplifying. P. gingivalis detection. The nanobody, VHH7, had a high binding affinity and was specific for RgpB, when tested towards the highly identical RgpA. In this study a homology model of VHH7 was build. The complementarity determining regions (CDR) comprising the paratope residues responsible for RgpB binding were identified and used as input to the docking. Furthermore, residues likely involved in the RgpB epitope was identified based upon RgpB:RgpA alignment and analysis of residue surface accessibility. CDR residues and putitative RgpB epitope residues were used as input to an information-driven flexible docking approach using the HADDOCK server. Analysis of the VHH7:RgpB model demonstrated that the epitope was found in the immunoglobulin-like domain and residue pairs located at the molecular paratope:epitope interface important for complex stability was identified. Collectively, the VHH7 homology model and VHH7:RgpB docking supplies knowledge of the residues involved in the high affinity interaction. This information could prove valuable in the design of an antibody-drug conjugate for specific RgpB targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Durand Skottrup
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kettegård Alle 30, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark.
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12
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Kaczmarek JZ, Skottrup PD. Selection and characterization of camelid nanobodies towards urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Mol Immunol 2015; 65:384-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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13
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Selection and Characterization of Specific Nanobody Against Human Immunoglobulin G. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2015; 34:201-5. [DOI: 10.1089/mab.2014.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Stimac M, Dolinsek T, Lampreht U, Cemazar M, Sersa G. Gene Electrotransfer of Plasmid with Tissue Specific Promoter Encoding shRNA against Endoglin Exerts Antitumor Efficacy against Murine TS/A Tumors by Vascular Targeted Effects. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124913. [PMID: 25909447 PMCID: PMC4409373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular targeted therapies, targeting specific endothelial cell markers, are promising approaches for the treatment of cancer. One of the targets is endoglin, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) co-receptor, which mediates proliferation, differentiation and migration of endothelial cells forming neovasculature. However, its specific, safe and long-lasting targeting remains the challenge. Therefore, in our study we evaluated the transfection efficacy, vascular targeted effects and therapeutic potential of the plasmid silencing endoglin with the tissue specific promoter, specific for endothelial cells marker endothelin-1 (ET) (TS plasmid), in comparison to the plasmid with constitutive promoter (CON plasmid), in vitro and in vivo. Tissue specificity of TS plasmid was demonstrated in vitro on several cell lines, and its antiangiogenic efficacy was demonstrated by reducing tube formation of 2H11 endothelial cells. In vivo, on a murine mammary TS/A tumor model, we demonstrated good antitumor effect of gene electrotransfer (GET) of either of both plasmids in treatment of smaller tumors still in avascular phase of growth, as well as on bigger tumors, already well vascularized. In support to the observations on predominantly vascular targeted effects of endoglin, histological analysis has demonstrated an increase in necrosis and a decrease in the number of blood vessels in therapeutic groups. A significant antitumor effect was observed in tumors in avascular and vascular phase of growth, possibly due to both, the antiangiogenic and the vascular disrupting effect. Furthermore, the study indicates on the potential use of TS plasmid in cancer gene therapy since the same efficacy as of CON plasmid was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stimac
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Dolinsek
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ursa Lampreht
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Cemazar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Sersa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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T cells expressing VHH-directed oligoclonal chimeric HER2 antigen receptors: Towards tumor-directed oligoclonal T cell therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:378-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Sharifzadeh Z, Rahbarizadeh F, Shokrgozar MA, Ahmadvand D, Mahboudi F, Rahimi Jamnani F, Aghaee Bakhtiari SH. Development of oligoclonal nanobodies for targeting the tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 antigen. Mol Biotechnol 2013; 54:590-601. [PMID: 23015323 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-012-9601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG-72) is a membrane mucin whose over-expression is correlated with advanced tumor stage and increased invasion and metastasis. In this study, we identified a panel of four nanobodies, single variable domains of dromedary heavy-chain antibodies that specifically recognize the TAG-72 antigen. All selected nanobodies were shown to selectively bind to this cancer-related molecule with low-nanomolar affinities and do not cross-react with other antigens, such as MUC1 or HER2. Furthermore, they can detect TAG-72 in concentrations as low as 5 U/ml which is valuable in sensitive detection of this molecule in cancerous patients. Cell ELISA experiments proved their ability for binding to the native target antigen on TAG-72 expressing cells while not showing any reactivity to HT-29 cells, a TAG-72-negative cell line. Using competition studies, we found that each nanobody recognizes a distinct epitope on the TAG-72 antigen that is different from the one recognized by the mouse anti-TAG-72 antibody, CC49. Considering their high specificity, reduced immunogenicity and multi-targeting behavior, these oligoclonal nanobodies represent a promising tool to target TAG-72 over-expressing tumor cells.
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Abstract
Nanobodies (Nbs) are small antibody fragments derived from camelid heavy chain antibodies through recombinant gene technology. Their exceptional physicochemical properties, possibility of humanization and unique antigen recognition properties make them excellent candidates for targeted delivery of biologically active components. Several different therapeutic approaches based on the novel camelid Nbs have been developed to treat a wide range of diseases ranging from immune, bone, blood and neurological disorders; infectious diseases and cancer. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the use of camelid-derived Nbs as novel therapeutic agents against multiple diseases.
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Ardekani LS, Gargari SLM, Rasooli I, Bazl MR, Mohammadi M, Ebrahimizadeh W, Bakherad H, Zare H. A novel nanobody against urease activity of Helicobacter pylori. Int J Infect Dis 2013; 17:e723-8. [PMID: 23561799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Dolinsek T, Markelc B, Sersa G, Coer A, Stimac M, Lavrencak J, Brozic A, Kranjc S, Cemazar M. Multiple delivery of siRNA against endoglin into murine mammary adenocarcinoma prevents angiogenesis and delays tumor growth. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58723. [PMID: 23593103 PMCID: PMC3589348 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoglin is a transforming growth factor-β (TGF- β) co-receptor that participates in the activation of a signaling pathway that mediates endothelial cell proliferation and migration in angiogenic tumor vasculature. Therefore, silencing of endoglin expression is an attractive approach for antiangiogenic therapy of tumors. The aim of our study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules against endoglin in vitro and in vivo. Therapeutic potential in vitro was assessed in human and murine endothelial cells (HMEC-1, 2H11) by determining endoglin expression level, cell proliferation and tube formation. In vivo, the therapeutic potential of siRNA molecules was evaluated in TS/A mammary adenocarcinoma growing in BALB/c mice. Results of our study showed that siRNA molecules against endoglin have a good antiangiogenic therapeutic potential in vitro, as expression of endoglin mRNA and protein levels in mouse and human microvascular endothelial cells after lipofection were efficiently reduced, which resulted in the inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation. In vivo, silencing of endoglin with triple electrotransfer of siRNA molecules into TS/A mammary adenocarcinoma also significantly reduced the mRNA levels, number of tumor blood vessels and the growth of tumors. The obtained results demonstrate that silencing of endoglin is a promising antiangiogenic therapy of tumors that could not be used as single treatment, but as an adjunct to the established cytotoxic treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Dolinsek
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bostjan Markelc
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Sersa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Coer
- Department of Natural and Medical Subjects, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Monika Stimac
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jaka Lavrencak
- Department of Cytopathology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andreja Brozic
- Department of Cytopathology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Kranjc
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Cemazar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Natural and Medical Subjects, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
- * E-mail:
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20
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Recombinant λ bacteriophage displaying nanobody towards third domain of HER-2 epitope inhibits proliferation of breast carcinoma SKBR-3 cell line. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2012; 61:75-83. [PMID: 23224340 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-012-0206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phage display of many nanobodies via filamentous phage in combination with helper phage has been reported by many scientists. The aim of this study was to produce lambda (λ) bacteriophage displaying high-affinity nanobody against HER-2 expressing breast carcinoma cells. Bacteriophage λ is a temperate phage with inherent biological safety in mammalian cells. Here we report the construction of a recombinant λ phage that efficiently expresses specific nanobody towards third domain of HER-2 target on SKBR-3 and MCF-7 cell lines in vitro. We constructed recombinant λ phage particles containing a mammalian expression cassette, C-Myc tagged, encoding VHH gene of camelid anti HER-2 third domain epitope using λ ZAP-cytomegalic virus (CMV) vector. The SKBR-3, MCF-7 and human endometrial stem cells were treated by the nanobody displayed recombinant λ phage. The cell growth inhibition assay was performed by MTT Cell Viability Assay Kit. After the fourth round of biopanning there was a significant enrichment in the phage specifically binding to the antigen. The ratio of targeted phage increased approximately 1,000-fold in the fifth round. The nanobody expressed by λ ZAP-CMV-VHH phagemid cloned in λ bioparticles significantly inhibited the proliferation of HER-2 positive SKBR-3 and MCF-7 cells. Recombinant bacteriophage λ ZAP-CMV-VHH-cDNA could be used efficiently for construction of nanobodies to mortify HER-2 positive breast carcinoma cells as a nanomedical therapeutic.
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21
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Sharifzadeh Z, Rahbarizadeh F, Shokrgozar MA, Ahmadvand D, Mahboudi F, Jamnani FR, Moghimi SM. Genetically engineered T cells bearing chimeric nanoconstructed receptors harboring TAG-72-specific camelid single domain antibodies as targeting agents. Cancer Lett 2012; 334:237-44. [PMID: 22902507 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite the preclinical success of adoptive therapy with T cells bearing chimeric nanoconstructed antigen receptors (CARs), certain limitations of this therapeutic approach such as the immunogenicity of the antigen binding domain, the emergence of tumor cell escape variants and the blocking capacity of soluble antigen still remain. Here, we address these issues using a novel CAR binding moiety based on the oligoclonal camelid single domain antibodies. A unique set of 13 single domain antibodies were selected from an immunized camel phage library based on their target specificity and binding affinity. A combination of these single domain antibodies was used to generate four tumor associated glycoprotein (TAG-72)-specific CARs harboring an identical antigen binding site, but with different signaling and spacer domains. Although all four CARs were functionally active against the TAG-72 expressing tumor cells, the combination of CD3ζ, OX40, CD28 as well as the CH3-CH2-hinge-hinge domains most efficiently triggered T cell activation. Importantly, CAR mediated functions were not blocked by the soluble TAG-72 antigen at a supraphysiological concentration. Our approach may have the potential to reverse multiple tumor immune evasion mechanisms, avoid CAR immunogenicity, and overcome problems in cancer gene therapy with engineered nanoconstructs.
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22
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In vitro selection of a peptide antagonist of growth hormone secretagogue receptor using cDNA display. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:11121-6. [PMID: 22723348 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1203561109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are major drug targets, and their ligands are currently being explored and developed by many pharmaceutical companies and independent researchers. Class A (rhodopsin-like) GPCRs compose a predominant GPCR family; therefore, class A GPCR ligands are in demand. Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) is a class A GPCR that stimulates food intake by binding to its peptide ligand, ghrelin. Therefore, antagonists of GHS-R are expected to exert antiobesity function. In this article, we describe the use of cDNA display to screen for successfully and identify an antagonistic peptide of GHS-R. The antagonistic peptide inhibited the ghrelin-induced increase in intracellular Ca(2+) in vitro (IC(50) = approximately 10 μM) and repressed the contraction of isolated animal stomach in response to ghrelin. Furthermore, peripheral administration of the peptide inhibited the food intake of mice. This work provides new insight into the development of antiobesity drugs and describes a method for the discovery of unique peptide ligands for class A GPCRs.
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23
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Jamnani FR, Rahbarizadeh F, Shokrgozar MA, Ahmadvand D, Mahboudi F, Sharifzadeh Z. Targeting high affinity and epitope-distinct oligoclonal nanobodies to HER2 over-expressing tumor cells. Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:1112-24. [PMID: 22440788 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Modern anti-HER2 antibody therapy tends to exploit a panel of different antibodies against different epitopes on the antigen. For this aim, nanobodies are very striking targeting agents and can be easily produced against any cell-specific membrane antigen. The oligoclonal nanobodies can be used to block more than one functional epitope on a target antigen and inhibit the generation of escape variants associated with cancer therapy. In this study, 12 nanobody clones selected from an immune camel library were examined for their ability to differ between tumor markers. These oligoclonal nanobodies targeted breast cancer cells better than each individual nanobody. In epitope mapping, several nanobodies overlapped in the epitope recognized by trastuzumab and some of the non-overlapping nanobodies could affect the binding of trastuzumab to HER2. This study demonstrates that the oligoclonal nanobodies are potential therapeutic tools that can be used instead of, or in combination with trastuzumab to assess tumor viability during treatment.
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24
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Behdani M, Zeinali S, Khanahmad H, Karimipour M, Asadzadeh N, Azadmanesh K, Khabiri A, Schoonooghe S, Habibi Anbouhi M, Hassanzadeh-Ghassabeh G, Muyldermans S. Generation and characterization of a functional Nanobody against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2; angiogenesis cell receptor. Mol Immunol 2011; 50:35-41. [PMID: 22208996 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) is an important tumor-associated receptor and blockade of the VEGF receptor signaling can lead to the inhibition of neovascularization and tumor metastasis. Nanobodies are the smallest intact antigen binding fragments derived from heavy chain-only antibodies occurring in camelids. Here, we describe the identification of a VEGFR2-specific Nanobody, named 3VGR19, from dromedaries immunized with a cell line expressing high levels of VEGFR2. We demonstrate by FACS, that 3VGR19 Nanobody specifically binds VEGFR2 on the surface of 293KDR and HUVECs cells. Furthermore, the 3VGR19 Nanobody potently inhibits formation of capillary-like structures. These data show the potential of Nanobodies for the blockade of VEGFR2 signaling and provide a basis for the development of novel cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Behdani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Iri-Sofla FJ, Rahbarizadeh F, Ahmadvand D, Rasaee MJ. Nanobody-based chimeric receptor gene integration in Jurkat cells mediated by φC31 integrase. Exp Cell Res 2011; 317:2630-41. [PMID: 21906589 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The crucial role of T lymphocytes in anti-tumor immunity has led to the development of novel strategies that can target and activate T cells against tumor cells. Recombinant DNA technology has been used to generate non-MHC-restricted chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). Here, we constructed a panel of recombinant CAR that harbors the anti-MUC1 nanobody and the signaling and co-signaling moieties (CD3ζ/CD28) with different spacer regions derived from human IgG3 with one or two repeats of the hinge sequence or the hinge region of FcγRII. The PhiC31 integrase system was employed to investigate if the recombination efficiency could be recruited for high and stable expression of T cell chimeric receptor genes. The effect of nuclear localization signal (NLS) and two different promoters (CMV and CAG) on efficacy of PhiC31 integrase in human T cell lines was evaluated. The presence of integrase in combination with NLS, mediated up to 7.6 and 8.5 fold increases in CAR expression in ZCHN-attB and ZCHHN-attB cassette integrated T cells, respectively. Our results showed that highly efficient and stable transduction of the Jurkat cell line by PhiC31 integrase is a feasible modality for generating anti-cancer chimeric T cells for use in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnoush Jafari Iri-Sofla
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Sadeqzadeh E, Rahbarizadeh F, Ahmadvand D, Rasaee MJ, Parhamifar L, Moghimi SM. Combined MUC1-specific nanobody-tagged PEG-polyethylenimine polyplex targeting and transcriptional targeting of tBid transgene for directed killing of MUC1 over-expressing tumour cells. J Control Release 2011; 156:85-91. [PMID: 21704663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We provide evidence for combining a single domain antibody (nanobody)-based targeting approach with transcriptional targeting as a safe way to deliver lethal transgenes to MUC1 over-expressing cancer cells. From a nanobody immune library, we have isolated an anti-DF3/Mucin1 (MUC1) nanobody with high specificity for the MUC1 antigen, which is an aberrantly glycosylated glycoprotein over-expressed in tumours of epithelial origin. The anti-MUC1 nanobody was covalently linked to the distal end of poly(ethylene glycol)(3500) (PEG(3500)) in PEG(3500)-25kDa polyethylenimine (PEI) conjugates and the resultant macromolecular entity successfully condensed plasmids coding a transcriptionally targeted truncated-Bid (tBid) killer gene under the control of the cancer-specific MUC1 promoter. The engineered polyplexes exhibited favourable physicochemical characteristics for transfection and dramatically elevated the level of Bid/tBid expression in both MUC1 over-expressing caspase 3-deficient (MCF7 cells) and caspase 3-positive (T47D and SKBR3) tumour cell lines and, concomitantly, induced considerable cell death. Neither transgene expression nor cell death occurred when the MUC1 promoter was replaced with the CNS-specific synapsin I promoter. Since PEGylated PEI was only responsible for DNA compaction and played no significant role in direct transfection and cell killing, our attempts overcome previously reported PEI-mediated apoptotic and necrotic cell death, which is advantageous for future in vivo transcriptional targeting as this will minimize (or eliminate) non-targeted cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sadeqzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Skottrup PD, Leonard P, Kaczmarek JZ, Veillard F, Enghild JJ, O'Kennedy R, Sroka A, Clausen RP, Potempa J, Riise E. Diagnostic evaluation of a nanobody with picomolar affinity toward the protease RgpB from Porphyromonas gingivalis. Anal Biochem 2011; 415:158-67. [PMID: 21569755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major periodontitis-causing pathogens. P. gingivalis secretes a group of proteases termed gingipains, and in this study we have used the RgpB gingipain as a biomarker for P. gingivalis. We constructed a naive camel nanobody library and used phage display to select one nanobody toward RgpB with picomolar affinity. The nanobody was used in an inhibition assay for detection of RgpB in buffer as well as in saliva. The nanobody was highly specific for RgpB given that it did not bind to the homologous gingipain HRgpA. This indicated the presence of a binding epitope within the immunoglobulin-like domain of RgpB. A subtractive inhibition assay was used to demonstrate that the nanobody could bind native RgpB in the context of intact cells. The nanobody bound exclusively to the P. gingivalis membrane-bound RgpB isoform (mt-RgpB) and to secreted soluble RgpB. Further cross-reactivity studies with P. gingivalis gingipain deletion mutants showed that the nanobody could discriminate between native RgpB and native Kgp and RgpA in complex bacterial samples. This study demonstrates that RgpB can be used as a specific biomarker for P. gingivalis detection and that the presented nanobody-based assay could supplement existing methods for P. gingivalis detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Durand Skottrup
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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28
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Ahmadvand D, Rahbarizadeh F, Moghimi SM. Biological targeting and innovative therapeutic interventions with phage-displayed peptides and structured nucleic acids (aptamers). Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011; 22:832-8. [PMID: 21420292 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Diverse technologies such as phage display, cell systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment and related modifications thereof are generating a wide range of peptide-based and structured nucleic acid (aptamers)-based ligands for therapeutic and diagnostic interventions in an unbiased biological context. Their impressive affinity and unprecedented target specificity make these ligands as ideal small-sized candidates for conjugation to macromolecules and nanoparticulate matters, thus opening the path to new and sophisticated design solutions for targeted therapy, disease detection and diagnosis. Vascular beds of many organs and tissue, cancer, immune and stem cells are among the key targets. These technologies are evaluated and selected recent examples of innovative biological targeting and therapeutic interventions with phage-displayed peptides and aptamers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davoud Ahmadvand
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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29
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Rahbarizadeh F, Ahmadvand D, Sharifzadeh Z. Nanobody; an old concept and new vehicle for immunotargeting. Immunol Invest 2011; 40:299-338. [PMID: 21244216 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2010.542228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of antibodies in cancer therapy has come a long way since the day Paul Ehrlich described the concept and Kohler and Milstein devised the hybridoma technology to bring this theory to reality. The synthesis of murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was the first success in this field, leading to the invention of chimerization, the production of variable fragments (Fv) with the progression to domain antibodies (dAb) and later humanization technologies to maximize the clinical utility of murine mAbs. It was just by chance that dAbs were found to exist in ?heavy chain? immunoglobulins from Camelidae family and cartilaginous fish. These unique antibody fragments interact with antigen by virtue of only one single variable domain, referred to as VHH or nanobody. Several characteristics make nanobody use superior to the abovementioned antibodies. They are non-immunogenic and show high thermal and chemical stability. There are several reports of raising specific nanobodies against enzymes, haptens, pathogens, toxins and tumor markers, which are outlined in this paper. All these characteristics make them strong candidates as targeting agents for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Ahmadvand D, Rahbarizadeh F, Jafari Iri-Sofla F, Namazi G, Khaleghi S, Geramizadeh B, Pasalar P, Karimi H, Aghaee Bakhtiari SH. Inhibition of Angiogenesis by Recombinant VEGF Receptor Fragments. Lab Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1309/lmmh2wyrlp7b3hjn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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31
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Sheikholeslami F, Rasaee MJ, Shokrgozar MA, Dizaji MM, Rahbarizadeh F, Ahmadvande D. Isolation of a Novel Nanobody Against HER-2/neuUsing Phage Displays Technology. Lab Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1309/lm0wxkm0r0dvuzwf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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32
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Shishido T, Azumi Y, Nakanishi T, Umetsu M, Tanaka T, Ogino C, Fukuda H, Kondo A. Biotinylated Bionanocapsules for Displaying Diverse Ligands Toward Cell-specific Delivery. J Biochem 2009; 146:867-74. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvp134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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33
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Bernabeu C, Lopez-Novoa JM, Quintanilla M. The emerging role of TGF-beta superfamily coreceptors in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2009; 1792:954-73. [PMID: 19607914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathway plays a key role in different physiological processes such as development, cellular proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, angiogenesis or immune responses and its deregulation may result in tumor development. The TGF-beta coreceptors endoglin and betaglycan are emerging as modulators of the TGF-beta response with important roles in cancer. Endoglin is highly expressed in the tumor-associated vascular endothelium with prognostic significance in selected neoplasias and with potential to be a prime vascular target for antiangiogenic cancer therapy. On the other hand, the expression of endoglin and betaglycan in tumor cells themselves appears to play an important role in the progression of cancer, influencing cell proliferation, motility, invasiveness and tumorigenicity. In addition, experiments in vitro and in vivo in which endoglin or betaglycan expression is modulated have provided evidence that they act as tumor suppressors. The purpose of this review was to highlight the potential of membrane and soluble forms of the endoglin and betaglycan proteins as molecular targets in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Bernabeu
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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