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Di Muzio M, Wildner S, Huber S, Hauser M, Vejvar E, Auzinger W, Regl C, Laimer J, Zennaro D, Wopfer N, Huber CG, van Ree R, Mari A, Lackner P, Ferreira F, Schubert M, Gadermaier G. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange memory NMR reveals structural epitopes involved in IgE cross-reactivity of allergenic lipid transfer proteins. J Biol Chem 2021; 295:17398-17410. [PMID: 33453986 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of antibody-binding epitopes is crucial to understand immunological mechanisms. It is of particular interest for allergenic proteins with high cross-reactivity as observed in the lipid transfer protein (LTP) syndrome, which is characterized by severe allergic reactions. Art v 3, a pollen LTP from mugwort, is frequently involved in this cross-reactivity, but no antibody-binding epitopes have been determined so far. To reveal human IgE-binding regions of Art v 3, we produced three murine high-affinity mAbs, which showed 70-90% coverage of the allergenic epitopes from mugwort pollen-allergic patients. As reliable methods to determine structural epitopes with tightly interacting intact antibodies under native conditions are lacking, we developed a straightforward NMR approach termed hydrogen/deuterium exchange memory (HDXMEM). It relies on the slow exchange between the invisible antigen-mAb complex and the free 15N-labeled antigen whose 1H-15N correlations are detected. Due to a memory effect, changes of NH protection during antibody binding are measured. Differences in H/D exchange rates and analyses of mAb reactivity to homologous LTPs revealed three structural epitopes: two partially cross-reactive regions around α-helices 2 and 4 as well as a novel Art v 3-specific epitope at the C terminus. Protein variants with exchanged epitope residues confirmed the antibody-binding sites and revealed strongly reduced IgE reactivity. Using the novel HDXMEM for NMR epitope mapping allowed identification of the first structural epitopes of an allergenic pollen LTP. This knowledge enables improved cross-reactivity prediction for patients suffering from LTP allergy and facilitates design of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Di Muzio
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sabrina Wildner
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sara Huber
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Hauser
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eva Vejvar
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Werner Auzinger
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christof Regl
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Josef Laimer
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Danila Zennaro
- Centri Associati di Allergologica Molecolare (CAAM), Latina, Italy
| | - Nicole Wopfer
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian G Huber
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriano Mari
- Centri Associati di Allergologica Molecolare (CAAM), Latina, Italy
| | - Peter Lackner
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mario Schubert
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
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Biochemical and functional characterization of a new recombinant phospholipase A 2 inhibitor from Crotalus durissus collilineatus snake serum. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1545-1553. [PMID: 32735921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 plays an important role in many diseases. Thus, the production of bioactive molecules, which can modulate PLA2 activity, became an important target for the pharmaceutical industry. Previously, we demonstrated the inhibitory and anti-angiogenic effect of γCdcPLI, the natural PLA2inhibitor from Crotalus durissus collilineatus. The aim of the present study was to recombinantly express the γCdcPLI inhibitor and analyze its biochemical and functional characteristics. Based on the amino acid sequence from the natural protein, we designed a synthetic gene for production of a non-tagged recombinant recγCdcPLI using the pHis-Parallel2 vector. To enable disulfide bond formation, protein expression was performed using E. coli Rosetta-gamiB. The protein was purified by anion and affinity chromatography with a yield of 5 mg/L. RecγCdcPLI showed similar secondary structure in CD and FTIR, revealing predominately β-strands. Analogous to the natural protein, recγCdcPLI was able to form oligomers of ~5.5 nm. The inhibitor was efficiently binding to PLA2 from honeybee (Kd = 1.48 μM) and was able to inhibit the PLA2 activity. Furthermore, it decreased the vessel formation in HUVEC cells, suggesting an anti-angiogenic potential. Heterologous production of recγCdcPLI is highly efficient and thus enables enhanced drug design for treatment of diseases triggered by PLA2 activity.
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Zhao L, Fu W, Gao B, Liu Y, Wu S, Chen Z, Zhang X, Wang H, Feng Y, Wang X, Wang H, Lan T, Liu M, Wang X, Sun Y, Luo F, Gadermaier G, Ferreira F, Versteeg SA, Akkerdaas JH, Wang D, Valenta R, Vrtala S, Gao Z, van Ree R. Variation in IgE binding potencies of seven Artemisia species depending on content of major allergens. Clin Transl Allergy 2020; 10:50. [PMID: 33292509 PMCID: PMC7677751 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-020-00354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemisia weed pollen allergy is important in the northern hemisphere. While over 350 species of this genus have been recorded, there has been no full investigation into whether different species may affect the allergen diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the variations in amino acid sequences and the content of major allergens, and how these affect specific IgE binding capacity in representative Artemisia species. METHODS Six representative Artemisia species from China and Artemisia vulgaris from Europe were used to determine allergen amino acid sequences by transcriptome, gene sequencing and mass spectrometry of the purified allergen component proteins. Sandwich ELISAs were developed and applied for Art v 1, Art v 2 and Art v 3 allergen quantification in different species. Aqueous pollen extracts and purified allergen components were used to assess IgE binding by ELISA and ImmunoCAP with mugwort allergic patient serum pools and individual sera from five areas in China. RESULTS The Art v 1 and Art v 2 homologous allergen sequences in the seven Artemisia species were highly conserved. Art v 3 type allergens in A. annua and A. sieversiana were more divergent compared to A. argyi and A. vulgaris. The allergen content of Art v 1 group in the seven extracts ranged from 3.4% to 7.1%, that of Art v 2 from 1.0% to 3.6%, and Art v 3 from 0.3% to 10.5%. The highest IgE binding potency for most Chinese Artemisia allergy patients was with A. annua pollen extract, followed by A. vulgaris and A. argyi, with A. sieversiana significantly lower. Natural Art v 1-3 isoallergens from different species have almost equivalent IgE binding capacity in Artemisia allergic patients from China. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE There was high sequence similarity but different content of the three group allergens from different Artemisia species. Choice of Artemisia annua and A. argyi pollen source for diagnosis and immunotherapy is recommended in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhao
- Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wanyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Biyuan Gao
- Hangzhou Aileji Biotech Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shandong Wu
- Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Xianqi Zhang
- Department of Allergy, School of Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Department of Allergy, School of Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Yan Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030012, China
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtian Wang
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianfei Lan
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- Department of Allergy, The Third People's Hospital of Datong, Datong, Shanxi, 037008, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Allergy, The Third People's Hospital of Datong, Datong, Shanxi, 037008, China
| | - Yuemei Sun
- Department of Allergy, Yu Huang Ding Hospital, Yan Tai, Yantai, China
| | - Fangmei Luo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qvjing Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital, Yunnan, China
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Serge A Versteeg
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, UMC, University Of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap H Akkerdaas
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, UMC, University Of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Deyun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- National Research Center - Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Karl Landsteiner University for Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Susanne Vrtala
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhongshan Gao
- Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, UMC, University Of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ , Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, UMC, University Of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wildner S, Griessner I, Stemeseder T, Regl C, Soh WT, Stock LG, Völker T, Alessandri C, Mari A, Huber CG, Stutz H, Brandstetter H, Gadermaier G. Boiling down the cysteine-stabilized LTP fold - loss of structural and immunological integrity of allergenic Art v 3 and Pru p 3 as a consequence of irreversible lanthionine formation. Mol Immunol 2019; 116:140-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Pablos I, Egger M, Vejvar E, Reichl V, Briza P, Zennaro D, Rafaiani C, Pickl W, Bohle B, Mari A, Ferreira F, Gadermaier G. Similar Allergenicity to Different Artemisia Species Is a Consequence of Highly Cross-Reactive Art v 1-Like Molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55080504. [PMID: 31434264 PMCID: PMC6723817 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55080504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Pollens of weeds are relevant elicitors of type I allergies. While many Artemisia species occur worldwide, allergy research so far has only focused on Artemisia vulgaris. We aimed to characterize other prevalent Artemisia species regarding their allergen profiles. Materials and Methods: Aqueous extracts of pollen from seven Artemisia species were characterized by gel electrophoresis and ELISA using sera from mugwort pollen-allergic patients (n = 11). The cDNA sequences of defensin–proline-linked proteins (DPLPs) were obtained, and purified proteins were tested in a competition ELISA, in rat basophil mediator release assays, and for activation of Jurkat T cells transduced with an Art v 1-specific TCR. IgE cross-reactivity to other allergens was evaluated using ImmunoCAP and ISAC. Results: The protein patterns of Artemisia spp. pollen extracts were similar in gel electrophoresis, with a major band at 24 kDa corresponding to DPLPs, like the previously identified Art v 1. Natural Art v 1 potently inhibited IgE binding to immobilized pollen extracts. Six novel Art v 1 homologs with high sequence identity and equivalent IgE reactivity were identified and termed Art ab 1, Art an 1, Art c 1, Art f 1, Art l 1, and Art t 1. All proteins triggered mediator release and cross-reacted at the T cell level. The Artemisia extracts contained additional IgE cross-reactive molecules from the nonspecific lipid transfer protein, pectate lyase, profilin, and polcalcin family. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that DPLPs in various Artemisia species have high allergenic potential. Therefore, related Artemisia species need to be considered to be allergen elicitors, especially due to the consideration of potential geographic expansion due to climatic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pablos
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Matthias Egger
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eva Vejvar
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Victoria Reichl
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infection and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Briza
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Danila Zennaro
- Associated Centers for Molecular Allergology, 04100 Rome, Italy
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rafaiani
- Associated Centers for Molecular Allergology, 04100 Rome, Italy
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Winfried Pickl
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infection and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Bohle
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Adriano Mari
- Associated Centers for Molecular Allergology, 04100 Rome, Italy
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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Gao ZS, Fu WY, Zhao L, Gao L, Zhou JY, Gao BY, Wu S, Versteeg SA, Ferreira F, Gadermaier G, van Ree R. Localization of Four Allergens in Artemisia Pollen by Immunofluorescent Antibodies. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2019; 179:165-172. [PMID: 30970365 DOI: 10.1159/000497321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemisia pollens have a high potential to induce allergic symptoms. Seven allergen components have been identified, but only Art v 7 has been localized in the pollen grain. This study aimed to localize the allergens in the pollen grains of 4 Artemisia spp. METHODS Pollen extracts from 2 Chinese Artemisia spp., A. argyi and A. annua, were used to immunize BALB/c mice. Recombinant Art v 1 and Art v 3 allergens were used to select specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Three mAbs were used to purify the natural allergens and were then analyzed by mass spectrometry. As reported previously, polyclonal antibodies were obtained from rabbits immunized with 3 synthesized peptides of Art an 7. Using conventional histology procedures with pollens from 4 Artemisia spp. (A. argyi, A. annua, A. capilaris, and A. sieversiana), allergen images were observed and recorded by fluorescence and confocal laser microscopy. RESULTS We obtained 2 specific mAbs against Art v 1, 1 against Art v 2, and 4 against Art v 3 homologs. The Art v 1 and Art v 3 homologs were mainly located on the pollen walls, and the Art v 7 homologous protein was localized intracellularly around nuclei. The location of the Art v 2 homologous protein varied across species, being intracellular around nuclei for A. annua and A. argyi, and in both the pollen wall and around nuclei for A. capilaris and A. sieversiana. CONCLUSIONS Four mugwort allergens were localized in the pollen, and the major Art v 1 and Art v 3 allergens were located mainly in the pollen wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Shan Gao
- Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, .,College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, .,Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Wan-Yi Fu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Gao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ya Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bi-Yuan Gao
- Hangzhou Aileji Biotech Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Shandong Wu
- Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Serge A Versteeg
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Stock LG, Wildner S, Regl C, Gadermaier G, Huber CG, Stutz H. Monitoring of Deamidation and Lanthionine Formation in Recombinant Mugwort Allergen by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE)-UV and Transient Capillary Isotachophoresis-CZE-Electrospray Ionization-TOF-MS. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11933-11940. [PMID: 30179456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The response to thermal stress is an important parameter relevant for characterizing the biological activity and long-term stability of recombinant proteins, which may show irreversible, pH dependent structural changes under these conditions. We selected the recombinant pollen allergen of mugwort ( Artemisia vulgaris) rArt v 3.0201 as a relevant model to study structural changes due to thermal and pH stress by means of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)-UV and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-TOF-MS. Therefore, this recombinant protein was exposed to 95 °C under acidic (pH 3.4) and slightly alkaline (pH 7.3) conditions for up to 120 min. CZE-UV data showed a continuous degradation of the allergen accompanied by the gradual formation of several reaction products. Characterization of novel allergen variants occurring at longer migration times was done via CZE-ESI-TOF-MS using in-capillary transient capillary isotachophoresis (tCITP) preconcentration to facilitate the identification of minor variants. MS data revealed various modifications of rArt v 3.0201 in response to heating. Variants with deamidations and sulfur-related modifications including both yield and loss of sulfur were identified at increased migration times. Desulfurization produced allergen variants with up to four lanthionines that replaced initial disulfide bonds. In addition, mass spectra revealed shifts in the charge state distribution which indicate concomitant conformational alterations. Moreover, several low-abundant oxidized variants were identified. With extended thermal stress, the portfolio of variants increased and progressively shifted toward rArt v 3.0201 with high lanthionine content. The kinetics of conversion and the complexity of variant composition were pH dependent and increased under alkaline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz G Stock
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Sabrina Wildner
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Christof Regl
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Christian G Huber
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Hanno Stutz
- Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Tools for Biosimilar Characterization , University of Salzburg , Hellbrunner Straße 34 , 5020 Salzburg , Austria
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A recombinant isoform of the Ole e 7 olive pollen allergen assembled by de novo mass spectrometry retains the allergenic ability of the natural allergen. J Proteomics 2018; 187:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Pablos I, Eichhorn S, Briza P, Asam C, Gartner U, Wolf M, Ebner C, Bohle B, Arora N, Vieths S, Ferreira F, Gadermaier G. Proteomic profiling of the weed feverfew, a neglected pollen allergen source. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6049. [PMID: 28729676 PMCID: PMC5519751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06213-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Feverfew (Parthenium hysterophorus), an invasive weed from the Asteraceae family, has been reported as allergen source. Despite its relevance, knowledge of allergens is restricted to a partial sequence of a hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein. We aimed to obtain the entire sequence for recombinant production and characterize feverfew pollen using proteomics and immunological assays. Par h 1, a defensin-proline fusion allergen was obtained by cDNA cloning and recombinantly produced in E. coli. Using two complementary proteomic strategies, a total of 258 proteins were identified in feverfew pollen among those 47 proteins belonging to allergenic families. Feverfew sensitized patients’ sera from India revealed IgE reactivity with a pectate lyase, PR-1 protein and thioredoxin in immonoblot. In ELISA, recombinant Par h 1 was recognized by 60 and 40% of Austrian and Indian sera, respectively. Inhibition assays demonstrated the presence of IgE cross-reactive Par h 1, pectate lyase, lipid-transfer protein, profilin and polcalcin in feverfew pollen. This study reveals significant data on the allergenic composition of feverfew pollen and makes recombinant Par h 1 available for cross-reactivity studies. Feverfew might become a global player in weed pollen allergy and inclusion of standardized extracts in routine allergy diagnosis is suggested in exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pablos
- University of Salzburg, Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stephanie Eichhorn
- University of Salzburg, Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Briza
- University of Salzburg, Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Claudia Asam
- University of Salzburg, Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ulrike Gartner
- University of Salzburg, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Wolf
- University of Salzburg, Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Barbara Bohle
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Naveen Arora
- CSIR-Institute of Genomic and Integrative Biology, Allergy and Immunology Section, Delhi, India
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- University of Salzburg, Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- University of Salzburg, Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Salzburg, Austria.
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The Evolution of Human Basophil Biology from Neglect towards Understanding of Their Immune Functions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8232830. [PMID: 28078302 PMCID: PMC5204076 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8232830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Being discovered long ago basophils have been neglected for more than a century. During the past decade evidence emerged that basophils share features of innate and adaptive immunity. Nowadays, basophils are best known for their striking effector role in the allergic reaction. They hence have been used for establishing new diagnostic tests and therapeutic approaches and for characterizing natural and recombinant allergens as well as hypoallergens, which display lower or diminished IgE-binding activity. However, it was a long way from discovery in 1879 until identification of their function in hypersensitivity reactions, including adverse drug reactions. Starting with a historical background, this review highlights the modern view on basophil biology.
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Matricardi PM, Kleine-Tebbe J, Hoffmann HJ, Valenta R, Hilger C, Hofmaier S, Aalberse RC, Agache I, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber B, Barber D, Beyer K, Biedermann T, Bilò MB, Blank S, Bohle B, Bosshard PP, Breiteneder H, Brough HA, Caraballo L, Caubet JC, Crameri R, Davies JM, Douladiris N, Ebisawa M, EIgenmann PA, Fernandez-Rivas M, Ferreira F, Gadermaier G, Glatz M, Hamilton RG, Hawranek T, Hellings P, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jakob T, Jappe U, Jutel M, Kamath SD, Knol EF, Korosec P, Kuehn A, Lack G, Lopata AL, Mäkelä M, Morisset M, Niederberger V, Nowak-Węgrzyn AH, Papadopoulos NG, Pastorello EA, Pauli G, Platts-Mills T, Posa D, Poulsen LK, Raulf M, Sastre J, Scala E, Schmid JM, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, van Hage M, van Ree R, Vieths S, Weber R, Wickman M, Muraro A, Ollert M. EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2016; 27 Suppl 23:1-250. [PMID: 27288833 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 500] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The availability of allergen molecules ('components') from several protein families has advanced our understanding of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated responses and enabled 'component-resolved diagnosis' (CRD). The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Molecular Allergology User's Guide (MAUG) provides comprehensive information on important allergens and describes the diagnostic options using CRD. Part A of the EAACI MAUG introduces allergen molecules, families, composition of extracts, databases, and diagnostic IgE, skin, and basophil tests. Singleplex and multiplex IgE assays with components improve both sensitivity for low-abundance allergens and analytical specificity; IgE to individual allergens can yield information on clinical risks and distinguish cross-reactivity from true primary sensitization. Part B discusses the clinical and molecular aspects of IgE-mediated allergies to foods (including nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, vegetables, cereal grains, milk, egg, meat, fish, and shellfish), inhalants (pollen, mold spores, mites, and animal dander), and Hymenoptera venom. Diagnostic algorithms and short case histories provide useful information for the clinical workup of allergic individuals targeted for CRD. Part C covers protein families containing ubiquitous, highly cross-reactive panallergens from plant (lipid transfer proteins, polcalcins, PR-10, profilins) and animal sources (lipocalins, parvalbumins, serum albumins, tropomyosins) and explains their diagnostic and clinical utility. Part D lists 100 important allergen molecules. In conclusion, IgE-mediated reactions and allergic diseases, including allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, food reactions, and insect sting reactions, are discussed from a novel molecular perspective. The EAACI MAUG documents the rapid progression of molecular allergology from basic research to its integration into clinical practice, a quantum leap in the management of allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Matricardi
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Kleine-Tebbe
- Allergy & Asthma Center Westend, Outpatient Clinic Ackermann, Hanf, & Kleine-Tebbe, Berlin, Germany
| | - H J Hoffmann
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - R Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Hilger
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - S Hofmaier
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - R C Aalberse
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I Agache
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - R Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - B Ballmer-Weber
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D Barber
- IMMA-School of Medicine, University CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Beyer
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M B Bilò
- Allergy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Blank
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Helmholtz Center Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - B Bohle
- Division of Experimental Allergology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P P Bosshard
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - H Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H A Brough
- Paediatric Allergy, Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science, King's College London, Guys' Hospital, London, UK
| | - L Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, The University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - J C Caubet
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Crameri
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - J M Davies
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - N Douladiris
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National & Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - M Ebisawa
- Department of Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Allergology and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - P A EIgenmann
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Fernandez-Rivas
- Allergy Department, Hospital Clinico San Carlos IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Ferreira
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - G Gadermaier
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M Glatz
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - R G Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T Hawranek
- Department of Dermatology, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - P Hellings
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Hoffmann-Sommergruber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Jakob
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - U Jappe
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Research Centre Borstel, Airway Research Centre North (ARCN), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Division, Department of Pneumology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, 'ALL-MED' Medical Research Institute, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - S D Kamath
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville City, Qld, Australia
| | - E F Knol
- Departments of Immunology and Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P Korosec
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - A Kuehn
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - G Lack
- King's College London, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A L Lopata
- Department of Clinical Immunology, 'ALL-MED' Medical Research Institute, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - M Mäkelä
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Morisset
- National Service of Immuno-Allergology, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, UK
| | - V Niederberger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A H Nowak-Węgrzyn
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - N G Papadopoulos
- Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - E A Pastorello
- Unit of Allergology and Immunology, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - G Pauli
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - T Platts-Mills
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - D Posa
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - L K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - J Sastre
- Allergy Division, Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Scala
- Experimental Allergy Unit, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - J M Schmid
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - M van Hage
- Department of Medicine Solna, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R van Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Vieths
- Department of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - R Weber
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health Service, Denver, CO, USA
| | - M Wickman
- Sachs' Children's Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Muraro
- The Referral Centre for Food Allergy Diagnosis and Treatment Veneto Region, Department of Mother and Child Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - M Ollert
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Breiteneder H. Grundlagen natürlicher Allergene. ALLERGOLOGIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-37203-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Ghosh N, Sircar G, Saha B, Pandey N, Gupta Bhattacharya S. Search for Allergens from the Pollen Proteome of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): A Major Sensitizer for Respiratory Allergy Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138992. [PMID: 26418046 PMCID: PMC4587886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory allergy triggered by pollen allergens is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. Sunflower pollen is thought to be an important source of inhalant allergens. Present study aims to identify the prevalence of sunflower pollinosis among the Indian allergic population and characterizes the pollen allergens using immuno-proteomic tools. METHODOLOGY Clinico-immunological tests were performed to understand the prevalence of sensitivity towards sunflower pollen among the atopic population. Sera from selected sunflower positive patients were used as probe to detect the IgE-reactive proteins from the one and two dimensional electrophoretic separated proteome of sunflower pollen. The antigenic nature of the sugar moiety of the glycoallergens was studied by meta-periodate modification of IgE-immunoblot. Finally, these allergens were identified by mass-spectrometry. RESULTS Prevalence of sunflower pollen sensitization was observed among 21% of the pollen allergic population and associated with elevated level of specific IgE and histamine in the sera of these patients. Immunoscreening of sunflower pollen proteome with patient sera detected seven IgE-reactive proteins with varying molecular weight and pI. Hierarchical clustering of 2D-immunoblot data highlighted three allergens characterized by a more frequent immuno-reactivity and increased levels of IgE antibodies in the sera of susceptible patients. These allergens were considered as the major allergens of sunflower pollen and were found to have their glycan moiety critical for inducing IgE response. Homology driven search of MS/MS data of these IgE-reactive proteins identified seven previously unreported allergens from sunflower pollen. Three major allergenic proteins were identified as two pectate lyases and a cysteine protease. CONCLUSION Novelty of the present report is the identification of a panel of seven sunflower pollen allergens for the first time at immuno-biochemical and proteomic level, which substantiated the clinical evidence of sunflower allergy. Further purification and recombinant expression of these allergens will improve component-resolved diagnosis and therapy of pollen allergy.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Allergens/immunology
- Allergens/metabolism
- Antigens, Plant/immunology
- Antigens, Plant/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
- Female
- Helianthus/immunology
- Helianthus/metabolism
- Humans
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate/diagnosis
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate/immunology
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate/metabolism
- Immunoblotting
- Immunoglobulin E/immunology
- Immunoglobulin E/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Plant Proteins/immunology
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Pollen/immunology
- Pollen/metabolism
- Proteome/analysis
- Proteomics/methods
- Respiratory System/immunology
- Respiratory System/metabolism
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/diagnosis
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/immunology
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/metabolism
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Ghosh
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Gaurab Sircar
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Bodhisattwa Saha
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Naren Pandey
- Department of Allergy and Asthma, Belle Vue Clinic, Kolkata, India
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Scala E, Till SJ, Asero R, Abeni D, Guerra EC, Pirrotta L, Paganelli R, Pomponi D, Giani M, De Pità O, Cecchi L. Lipid transfer protein sensitization: reactivity profiles and clinical risk assessment in an Italian cohort. Allergy 2015; 70:933-43. [PMID: 25903791 DOI: 10.1111/all.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonspecific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) represent a major cause of systemic food allergic reactions in the Mediterranean area. This study investigate hierarchical patterns and cluster relationships of IgE sensitization to different nsLTPs, and the relationship to clinical allergy in a large Italian cohort. METHODS A total of 568 nsLTP-positive subjects after IgE ImmunoCAP-ISAC microarray analysis with Ara h 9, Art v 3, Cor a 8, Jug r 3, Pla a 3, Pru p 3 and Tri a 14 allergens were studied. IgE inhibition experiments were carried out with mugwort and plane tree pollen extracts. RESULTS Eighty-two per cent of nsLTP-positive participants (94% if <6 years old) were Pru p 3(pos) , and 71% were Jug r 3(pos) . Participants who reacted to >5 nsLTPs reported a higher incidence of food-induced systemic reactions. Only Art v 3 and Pla a 3 (mugwort and plane tree nsLTPs, respectively) were associated with respiratory symptoms, and a correlation was observed between sensitization to pollen and plant food nsLTPs, particularly between Pla a 3 and tree nut/peanut nsLTPs. Co-sensitization to Par j 2 and PR-10 or profilin pan-allergens was associated with a lower prior prevalence of severe food-induced reactions. In inhibition assays, plane and mugwort pollen extracts inhibited 50-100% of IgE binding to food nsLTPs in microarrays. CONCLUSIONS Testing IgE reactivity to a panel of nsLTP allergens unveils important associations between nsLTP sensitization profiles and clinical presentation and allows the identification of novel cluster patterns indicating likely cross-reactivities and highlighting potential allergens for nsLTP immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Scala
- Experimental Allergy Unit; IDI-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - S. J. Till
- Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology; King's College London; School of Medicine; Guy's Hospital; London UK
| | - R. Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia; Clinica San Carlo; Paderno Dugnano Milan Italy
| | - D. Abeni
- Health Services Research Unit; IDI-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - E. C. Guerra
- Experimental Allergy Unit; IDI-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - L. Pirrotta
- Experimental Allergy Unit; IDI-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - R. Paganelli
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Science (DMSI); University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - D. Pomponi
- Experimental Allergy Unit; IDI-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - M. Giani
- Experimental Allergy Unit; IDI-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - O. De Pità
- Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; IDI-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - L. Cecchi
- UOSD Allergy and Immunology; Azienda Sanitaria di Prato; Prato Italy
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Choi JS, Roh JY, Lee JR. Clinical availability of component-resolved diagnosis using microarray technology in atopic dermatitis. Ann Dermatol 2014; 26:437-46. [PMID: 25143671 PMCID: PMC4135097 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2014.26.4.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various allergens play a role in the elicitation or exacerbation of eczematous skin lesions in atopic dermatitis (AD), and much research effort has been focused on improving diagnostic tests to identify causative allergens. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of a newly introduced microarray-based specific immunoglobulin E detection assay, ImmunoCAP ISAC, for use in AD patients. Methods The serum samples of 25 AD patients were tested by using ISAC and a multiple allergen simultaneous test-enzyme immunoassay (MAST-EIA). In addition, 10 of the 25 patients underwent skin prick testing (SPT). The positive reaction rates to allergens in each test and the agreements, sensitivities, and specificities of ISAC and MAST-EIA were evaluated versus the SPT results. Results For ISAC versus SPT, the overall results were as follows: sensitivity, 90.0%; specificity, 98.2%; positive predictive value (PPV), 90.0%; and negative predictive value (NPV), 98.2%. The total agreement and κ value for ISAC versus SPT were 96.9% and 0.882, respectively. For MAST-EIA versus SPT, the sensitivity was 80.0%, specificity 92.7%, PPV 66.7%, and NPV 96.2%. The total agreement and κ value for MAST-EIA versus SPT were 90.8% and 0.672, respectively. The overall agreement between the ISAC and MAST-EIA results was 88%. Conclusion The ISAC results in AD correlated well with the SPT results, and compared favorably to the MAST-EIA results. This study demonstrates the potential of ISAC as a convenient allergic diagnostic method in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Seok Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Joo-Young Roh
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jong-Rok Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
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Bolla M, Zenoni S, Scheurer S, Vieths S, San Miguel Moncin MDM, Olivieri M, Antico A, Ferrer M, Berroa F, Enrique E, Avesani L, Marsano F, Zoccatelli G. Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) Expresses Several nsLTP Isoforms Characterized by Different Immunoglobulin E-Binding Properties. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2014; 164:112-21. [DOI: 10.1159/000362761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Anaphylaxis to plant-foods and pollen allergens in patients with lipid transfer protein syndrome. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 13:379-85. [PMID: 23426007 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e32835f5b07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nonspecific lipid transfer protein (LTP) is the main cause of primary food allergy in adults living in the Mediterranean area. The way allergic patients get sensitized to this protein is all but established, and the clinical expression of sensitization is extremely variable, ranging from long-lasting symptomless sensitization to severe anaphylaxis. Such variability is seemingly due to the presence/absence of a number of cofactors. RECENT FINDINGS The possibility that LTP sensitization occurs via the inhalation of LTP-containing pollen particles seems unlikely; in contrast, peach particles containing the protein seem able to sensitize both via the airways and the skin. Cosensitization to pollen allergens as well as to labile plant food allergens makes LTP allergy syndrome less severe. In some LTP sensitized subjects clinical food allergy occurs only in the presence of cofactors such as exercise, NSAIDs, or chronic urticaria. SUMMARY Lipid transfer protein allergy syndrome shows some peculiarities that are unique in the primary food allergy panorama: geographical distribution, frequent asymptomatic sensitization, frequent need for cofactors, and reduced severity when pollen allergy is present. Future studies will have to address these points as the results may have favorable effects on other, more severe, types of food allergy.
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Douladiris N, Savvatianos S, Roumpedaki I, Skevaki C, Mitsias D, Papadopoulos NG. A molecular diagnostic algorithm to guide pollen immunotherapy in southern Europe: towards component-resolved management of allergic diseases. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013; 162:163-72. [PMID: 23921568 DOI: 10.1159/000353113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Correct identification of the culprit allergen is an essential part of diagnosis and treatment in immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic diseases. In recent years, molecular biology has made important advances facilitating such identification and overcoming some of the drawbacks of natural allergen extracts, which consist of mixtures of various proteins that may be allergenic or not, specific for the allergen source or widely distributed (panallergens). New technologies offer the opportunity for a more accurate component-resolved diagnosis, of benefit especially to polysensitized allergic patients. The basic elements of molecular diagnostics with potential relevance to immunotherapy prescription are reviewed here, with a focus on Southern European sensitization patterns to pollen allergens. We propose a basic algorithm regarding component-resolved diagnostic work-up for pollen allergen-specific immunotherapy candidates in Southern Europe; this and similar algorithms can form the basis of improved patient management, conceptually a 'Component-Resolved Allergy Management'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Douladiris
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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19
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Vejvar E, Himly M, Briza P, Eichhorn S, Ebner C, Hemmer W, Ferreira F, Gadermaier G. Allergenic relevance of nonspecific lipid transfer proteins 2: Identification and characterization of Api g 6 from celery tuber as representative of a novel IgE-binding protein family. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:2061-70. [PMID: 23913675 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Apium graveolens represents a relevant food allergen source linked with severe systemic reactions. We sought to identify an IgE-binding nonspecific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP) in celery tuber. METHODS AND RESULTS A low molecular weight protein exclusively present in celery tuber was purified and designated Api g 6. The entire protein sequence was obtained by MS and classified as member of the nsLTP2 family. Api g 6 is monomeric in solution with a molecular mass of 6936 Da. The alpha-helical disulfide bond-stabilized structure confers tremendous thermal stability (Tm > 90°C) and high resistance to gastrointestinal digestion. Endolysosomal degradation demonstrated low susceptibility and the presence of a dominant peptide cluster at the C-terminus. Thirty-eight percent of A. graveolens allergic patients demonstrated IgE reactivity to purified natural Api g 6 in ELISA and heat treatment did only partially reduce its allergenic activity. No correlation in IgE binding and limited cross-reactivity was observed with Api g 2 and Art v 3, nsLTP1 from celery stalks and mugwort pollen. CONCLUSION Api g 6, a novel nsLTP2 from celery tuber represents the first well-characterized allergen in this protein family. Despite similar structural and physicochemical features as nsLTP1, immunological properties of Api g 6 are distinct which warrants its inclusion in molecule-based diagnosis of A. graveolens allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vejvar
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Gadermaier G, Hauser M, Ferreira F. Allergens of weed pollen: an overview on recombinant and natural molecules. Methods 2013; 66:55-66. [PMID: 23806644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Weeds represent a botanically unrelated group of plants that usually lack commercial or aesthetical value. Pollen of allergenic weeds are able to trigger type I reactions in allergic patients and can be found in the plant families of Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, Plantaginaceae, Urticaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. To date, 34 weed pollen allergens are listed in the IUIS allergen nomenclature database, which were physicochemically and immunologically characterized to varying degrees. Relevant allergens of weeds belong to the pectate lyase family, defensin-like family, Ole e 1-like family, non-specific lipid transfer protein 1 family and the pan-allergens profilin and polcalcins. This review provides an overview on weed pollen allergens primarily focusing on the molecular level. In particular, the characteristics and properties of purified recombinant allergens and hypoallergenic derivatives are described and their potential use in diagnosis and therapy of weed pollen allergy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gadermaier
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Michael Hauser
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fatima Ferreira
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Purification and structural characterisation of lipid transfer protein from red wine and grapes. Food Chem 2013; 138:263-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Recently introduced foods as new allergenic sources: Sensitisation to Goji berries (Lycium barbarum). Food Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ebo D, Swerts S, Sabato V, Hagendorens M, Bridts C, Jorens P, De Clerck L. New Food Allergies in a European Non-Mediterranean Region: IsCannabis sativato Blame? Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013; 161:220-8. [DOI: 10.1159/000346721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Vieira T, Lopes C, Pereira AM, Araújo L, Moreira A, Delgado L. Microarray based IgE detection in poly-sensitized allergic patients with suspected food allergy - an approach in four clinical cases. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2012; 40:172-80. [PMID: 21715081 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2011.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Component-resolved diagnosis and microarray technology have been recently introduced into clinical allergy practice, and may be particularly useful in poly-sensitized allergic patients. METHODS We compare the clinical usefulness of a microarray-based IgE detection assay (ISAC(®)) with skin tests and specific IgE with standard allergens (sIgE) or their monocomponents in four case reports of patients poly-sensitized to aeroallergens and food. RESULTS Case 1: a woman with rhinitis, oral allergy syndrome to several fruits and anaphylaxis to cherry. Diagnostic tests supported non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) primary sensitization. Case 2: a woman with exercise-induced asthma, rhino-conjunctivitis and oral allergy syndrome to fresh fruits of different families. A diagnosis of primary grass and weed pollen allergy with profilin and pathogenesis-related protein family 10 (PR-10) cross-reactive food allergy was proposed. Case 3: a man with atopic eczema, asthma, rhinitis, and multiple anaphylactic episodes with cashew nuts and oral allergy syndrome to fruits. The diagnostic workup supported a primary birch pollen allergy with PR-10 and nsLTPs cross-reactive food allergy. Case 4: a woman with rhino-conjunctivitis, per-operative anaphylaxis due to latex and recent pharyngeal angio-oedema episodes. The diagnosis was a primary grass and weed pollen allergy with equivocal profilin sensitization and no obvious cross-reactivity mediated by nsLTPs sensitization. CONCLUSIONS The possibility to carry out multiple sIgE measurements with single protein allergens, in particular with the microarray technique, is a useful, simple and non-invasive diagnostic tool in complex poly-sensitized allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vieira
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal.
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Allergenic lipid transfer proteins from plant-derived foods do not immunologically and clinically behave homogeneously: the kiwifruit LTP as a model. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27856. [PMID: 22114713 PMCID: PMC3219694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Food allergy is increasingly common worldwide. Tools for allergy diagnosis measuring IgE improved much since allergenic molecules and microarrays started to be used. IgE response toward allergens belonging to the same group of molecules has not been comprehensively explored using such approach yet. Objective Using the model of lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) from plants as allergens, including two new structures, we sought to define how heterogeneous is the behavior of homologous proteins. Methods Two new allergenic LTPs, Act d 10 and Act c 10, have been identified in green (Actinidia deliciosa) and gold (Actinidia chinensis) kiwifruit (KF), respectively, using clinically characterized allergic patients, and their biochemical features comparatively evaluated by means of amino acid sequence alignments. Along with other five LTPs from peach, mulberry, hazelnut, peanut, mugwort, KF LTPs, preliminary tested positive for IgE, have been immobilized on a microarray, used for IgE testing 1,003 allergic subjects. Comparative analysis has been carried out. Results Alignment of Act d 10 primary structure with the other allergenic LTPs shows amino acid identities to be in a narrow range between 40 and 55%, with a number of substitutions making the sequences quite different from each other. Although peach LTP dominates the IgE immune response in terms of prevalence, epitope recognition driven by sequence heterogeneity has been recorded to be distributed in a wide range of behaviors. KF LTPs IgE positive results were obtained in a patient subset IgE positive for the peach LTP. Anyhow, the negative results on homologous molecules allowed us to reintroduce KF in patients' diet. Conclusion The biochemical nature of allergenic molecule belonging to a group of homologous ones should not be taken as proof of immunological recognition as well. The availability of panels of homologous molecules to be tested using microarrays is valuable to address the therapeutic intervention.
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Scala E, Alessandri C, Palazzo P, Pomponi D, Liso M, Bernardi ML, Ferrara R, Zennaro D, Santoro M, Rasi C, Mari A. IgE recognition patterns of profilin, PR-10, and tropomyosin panallergens tested in 3,113 allergic patients by allergen microarray-based technology. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24912. [PMID: 21949785 PMCID: PMC3174236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IgE recognition of panallergens having highly conserved sequence regions, structure, and function and shared by inhalant and food allergen sources is often observed. Methods We evaluated the IgE recognition profile of profilins (Bet v 2, Cyn d 12, Hel a 2, Hev b 8, Mer a 1, Ole e 2, Par j 3, Phl p 12, Pho d 2), PR-10 proteins (Aln g 1, Api g 1, Bet v 1.0101, Bet v 1.0401, Cor a 1, Dau c 1 and Mal d 1.0108) and tropomyosins (Ani s 3, Der p 10, Hel as 1, Pen i 1, Pen m 1, Per a 7) using the Immuno-Solid phase Allergen Chip (ISAC) microarray system. The three panallergen groups were well represented among the allergenic molecules immobilized on the ISAC. Moreover, they are distributed in several taxonomical allergenic sources, either close or distant, and have a route of exposure being either inhalation or ingestion. Results 3,113 individuals (49.9% female) were selected on the basis of their reactivity to profilins, PR-10 or tropomyosins. 1,521 (48.8%) patients were reactive to profilins (77.6% Mer a 1 IgE+), 1,420 (45.6%) to PR-10 (92.5% Bet v 1 IgE+) and 632 (20.3%) to tropomyosins (68% Der p 10 IgE+). A significant direct relationship between different representative molecules within each group of panallergens was found. 2,688 patients (86.4%) recognized only one out of the three distinct groups of molecules as confirmed also by hierarchical clustering analysis. Conclusions Unless exposed to most of the allergens in the same or related allergenic sources, a preferential IgE response to distinct panallergens has been recorded. Allergen microarray IgE testing increases our knowledge of the IgE immune response and related epidemiological features within and between homologous molecules better describing the patients' immunological phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Scala
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Palazzo
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Debora Pomponi
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Liso
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Danila Zennaro
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Santoro
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rasi
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Mari
- Center for Molecular Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Gadermaier G, Hauser M, Egger M, Ferrara R, Briza P, Santos KS, Zennaro D, Girbl T, Zuidmeer-Jongejan L, Mari A, Ferreira F. Sensitization prevalence, antibody cross-reactivity and immunogenic peptide profile of Api g 2, the non-specific lipid transfer protein 1 of celery. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24150. [PMID: 21897872 PMCID: PMC3163685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Celery (Apium graveolens) represents a relevant allergen source that can elicit severe reactions in the adult population. To investigate the sensitization prevalence and cross-reactivity of Api g 2 from celery stalks in a Mediterranean population and in a mouse model. Methodology 786 non-randomized subjects from Italy were screened for IgE reactivity to rApi g 2, rArt v 3 (mugwort pollen LTP) and nPru p 3 (peach LTP) using an allergen microarray. Clinical data of 32 selected patients with reactivity to LTP under investigation were evaluated. Specific IgE titers and cross-inhibitions were performed in ELISA and allergen microarray. Balb/c mice were immunized with purified LTPs; IgG titers were determined in ELISA and mediator release was examined using RBL-2H3 cells. Simulated endolysosomal digestion was performed using microsomes obtained from human DCs. Results IgE testing showed a sensitization prevalence of 25.6% to Api g 2, 18.6% to Art v 3, and 28.6% to Pru p 3 and frequent co-sensitization and correlating IgE-reactivity was observed. 10/32 patients suffering from LTP-related allergy reported symptoms upon consumption of celery stalks which mainly presented as OAS. Considerable IgE cross-reactivity was observed between Api g 2, Art v 3, and Pru p 3 with varying inhibition degrees of individual patients' sera. Simulating LTP mono-sensitization in a mouse model showed development of more congruent antibody specificities between Api g 2 and Art v 3. Notably, biologically relevant murine IgE cross-reactivity was restricted to the latter and diverse from Pru p 3 epitopes. Endolysosomal processing of LTP showed generation of similar clusters, which presumably represent T-cell peptides. Conclusions Api g 2 represents a relevant celery stalk allergen in the LTP-sensitized population. The molecule displays common B cell epitopes and endolysosomal peptides that encompass T cell epitopes with pollen and plant-food derived LTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gadermaier
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Diagnosis and Therapy, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
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Tordesillas L, Sirvent S, Díaz-Perales A, Villalba M, Cuesta-Herranz J, Rodríguez R, Salcedo G. Plant lipid transfer protein allergens: no cross-reactivity between those from foods and olive and Parietaria pollen. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2011; 156:291-6. [PMID: 21720174 DOI: 10.1159/000323503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-reactivity among plant food allergens belonging to the nonspecific lipid transfer protein (LTP) family is well known. In contrast, the relationship among these allergens and their putative homologs from olive (Ole e 7) and Parietaria (Par j 1) pollen has not been clarified. METHODS Sera with specific IgE to LTP allergens were obtained from peach-, mustard- and olive pollen-allergic patients. Purified LTP allergens from foods (peach, apple, mustard and wheat) and pollens (olive, mugwort and Parietaria) were tested by ELISA and ELISA-inhibition assays. RESULTS Plant food LTP-allergic patients showed a significantly higher number of sera (89-100 vs. 33-64%) with specific IgE and mean specific IgE levels (0.30-1.56 vs. 0.21-0.34 OD units) to the 4 food LTP allergens tested than to olive Ole e 7 and Parietaria Par j 1 pollen. ELISA-inhibition assays indicated cross-inhibition between food LTP allergens but no cross-reactivity between these allergens and Ole e 7 and Par j 1, or, even more, between the LTP allergens from olive and Parietaria pollen. CONCLUSIONS LTP allergens from olive and Parietaria pollen cross-react neither with allergenic LTPs from plant foods nor between themselves. Therefore, both pollens do not seem to be related with the LTP syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Tordesillas
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Departamento de Biotecnología, E.T.S. Ingenieros Agrónomos, UPM, Madrid, España
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Gadermaier G, Egger M, Girbl T, Erler A, Harrer A, Vejvar E, Liso M, Richter K, Zuidmeer L, Mari A, Ferreira F. Molecular characterization of Api g 2, a novel allergenic member of the lipid-transfer protein 1 family from celery stalks. Mol Nutr Food Res 2010; 55:568-77. [PMID: 21462324 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Celery represents a relevant cross-reactive food allergen source in the adult population. As the currently known allergens are not typical elicitors of severe symptoms, we aimed to identify and characterize a non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP). METHODS AND RESULTS MS and cDNA cloning were applied to obtain the full-length sequence of a novel allergenic nsLTP from celery stalks. The purified natural molecule consisted of a single isoallergen designated as Api g 2.0101, which was recombinantly produced in Escherichia coli Rosetta-gami. The natural and recombinant molecules displayed equivalent physicochemical and immunological properties. Circular dichroism revealed a typical α-helical fold and high thermal stability. Moreover, Api g 2 was highly resistant to simulated gastrointestinal digestion. As assessed by ELISA, thermal denaturation did not affect the IgE binding of Api g 2. Natural and recombinant Api g 2 showed similar allergenic activity in mediator release assays. Api g 2-specific IgE antibodies cross-reacted with peach and mugwort pollen nsLTPs. CONCLUSION Based on our results, it can be anticipated that inclusion of recombinant Api g 2 in the current panel of allergens for molecule-based diagnosis will facilitate the evaluation of the clinical relevance of nsLTP sensitization in celery allergy and help clinicians in the management of food allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gadermaier
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Diagnosis and Therapy, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
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Egger M, Hauser M, Mari A, Ferreira F, Gadermaier G. The role of lipid transfer proteins in allergic diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2010; 10:326-35. [PMID: 20582490 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-010-0128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonspecific lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are important allergens in fruits, vegetables, nuts, pollen, and latex. Despite their wide distribution throughout the plant kingdom, their clinical relevance is largely confined to the Mediterranean area. As they can sensitize via the gastrointestinal tract, LPTs are considered true food allergens, and IgE reactivity to LTPs is often associated with severe systemic symptoms. Although Pru p 3 represents the predominant LTP in terms of patients' IgE recognition, the contribution of pollen LTPs in primary sensitization cannot be ruled out. Due to structural homology, LTPs from different allergen sources are generally IgE cross-reactive. However, sensitization profiles among allergic patients are extremely heterogeneous, and individual cross-reactivity patterns can be restricted to a single LTP or encompass many different LTPs. Molecule-based approaches in allergy research and diagnosis are important for better understanding of LTP allergy and could assist clinicians with providing adequate patient-tailored advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Egger
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, Salzburg, Austria.
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Microarrayed allergen molecules for the diagnosis of allergic diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2010; 10:357-64. [PMID: 20596902 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-010-0132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
IgE-mediated allergic diseases are among the most prevalent diseases worldwide. The use of extracts in the skin test and the additional use of IgE testing still represent the current basis for the diagnostic work-up. During the past 30 years, knowledge of the molecular structure of allergens has increased dramatically, and the characterization and production of allergenic molecules, as natural purified compounds or recombinant products, is allowing us to approach the allergy diagnostic work-up differently. Much of this is based on the adoption of microtechnology since the first release of a biochip for IgE detection. Its use has prompted the development of new concepts linked to the diagnosis of allergic diseases. This review describes the background of allergy diagnosis and the tools currently used for specific IgE detection. It gives insight into the most recent advancement in the field of biotechnology leading to allergenic molecule availability, microtechnology leading to the routine use of protein biochips for IgE detection, and how they should be combined with information technology.
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Abstract
Development and progress made in the field of recombinant allergens have allowed for the development of a new concept in allergy diagnosis, molecular diagnosis (MD), which makes it possible to identify potential disease-eliciting molecules. Microarray-based testing performed with a small amount of serum sample enables clinicians to determine specific-IgE antibodies against multiple recombinants or purified natural allergen components. Performance characteristics of allergens so far tested are comparable with current diagnostic tests, but have to be confirmed in larger studies. The use of allergen components and the successful interpretation of test results in the clinic require some degree of knowledge about the basis of allergen components and their clinical implications. Allergen components can be classified by protein families based on their function and structure. This review provides a brief overview of basic information on allergen components, recombinants or purified, currently available or soon to become commercially available in ImmunoCAP or ISAC systems, including names, protein family and function. Special consideration is given to primary or species-specific sensitization and possible cross-reactivity, because one of the most important clinical utility of MD is its ability to reveal whether the sensitization is genuine in nature (primary, species-specific) or if it is due to cross-reactivity to proteins with similar protein structures, which may help to evaluate the risk of reaction on exposure to different allergen sources. MD can be a support tool for choosing the right treatment for the right patient with the right timing. Such information will eventually give clinicians the possibility to individualize the actions taken, including an advice on targeted allergen exposure reduction, selection of suitable allergens for specific immunotherapy, or the need to perform food challenges. Nevertheless, all in vitro tests should be evaluated together with the clinical history, because allergen sensitization does not necessarily imply clinical responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sastre
- Allergy Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
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Ciardiello MA, Palazzo P, Bernardi ML, Carratore V, Giangrieco I, Longo V, Melis M, Tamburrini M, Zennaro D, Mari A, Colombo P. Biochemical, immunological and clinical characterization of a cross-reactive nonspecific lipid transfer protein 1 from mulberry. Allergy 2010; 65:597-605. [PMID: 19958316 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02277.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mulberry (Morus spp.) is a genus comprising several species of deciduous trees whose fruits are commonly eaten in southern Europe. Subjects with severe systemic reaction have been described. The aim of this study was to isolate the allergens of this species. METHODS A nonspecific lipid transfer protein 1 (ns-LTP1) was purified from black mulberry by ion exchange and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and the primary structure was elucidated by direct protein sequencing. Its allergenic activity was evaluated in vivo by skin prick test and in vitro by Western Blot, CD203c basophil activation assay and high throughput multiplex inhibition method on immunosolid-phase allergen chip (ISAC). RESULTS Mulberry ns-LTP (Mor n 3) comprises 91 amino acids producing a molecular mass of 9246 Da. This protein shows high sequence identity with several allergenic ns-LTP1. Immunoblot analysis and CD203c activation assay demonstrated its allergenic activity in symptomatic subjects and in ns-LTP allergic patients who are not mulberry consumers. Immunological co-recognition was studied in vivo on a selected group of well-characterized ns-LTP allergic patients showing a high percentage of nMor n 3(+) subjects (88.46%) even in patients who have never eaten mulberry before. IgE inhibition on ISAC micro-array demonstrated an almost complete cross-reactivity to nArt v 3, rCor a 8 and a very high percentage of inhibition to nPru p 3. CONCLUSIONS Mor n 3 is the first allergen isolated in black mulberry and immunologically characterized. It displayed allergenic activity among symptomatic and nonconsumer patients and a pattern of cross-reactivity to other plant-derived LTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ciardiello
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
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Alessandri C, Zennaro D, Zaffiro A, Mari A. Molecular allergology approach to allergic diseases in the paediatric age. Ital J Pediatr 2009; 35:29. [PMID: 19804642 PMCID: PMC2761924 DOI: 10.1186/1824-7288-35-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification, characterization, and purification of allergens are essential for the structural and immunologic studies needed to understand how these molecules induce specific IgE antibody production by the human immune system. Advances in molecular biology techniques have led to the production of recombinant allergens having constant properties, allowing detection of specific IgE directed against different molecular components of an allergenic source. Presence of homologous allergens in different sources is the reason for cross-reaction. Molecule-based diagnostic tools can lead to better interpretation of poly-sensitizations, observed by ST and in vitro tests using allergenic extracts as they were made before. Some examples IgE sensitization to major genuine allergens and panallergens will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Alessandri
- Center for Clinical and Experimental Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Danila Zennaro
- Center for Clinical and Experimental Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Zaffiro
- Center for Clinical and Experimental Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Mari
- Center for Clinical and Experimental Allergology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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