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Akbarzadeh A, Gerami MH, Farrokhi MR, Shapoori S, Jafarinia M. Therapeutic prospects of microRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive overview. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05082-1. [PMID: 39105963 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05082-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammatory joint damage. Recent studies have focused on the significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of RA. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a potential therapeutic option for RA based on their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. MSCs release extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing miRNAs that can modulate immune and inflammatory responses. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on the existence of various MSCs-derived miRNAs involved in the pathophysiology, characterization, and treatment of RA. An overview of the miRNA profiles in MSC-EVs is provided, along with an examination of their impact on various cell types implicated in RA pathogenesis, including synovial fibroblasts, macrophages, and T cells. Furthermore, the therapeutic capability of MSC-EVs for miRNA-based therapies in RA is discussed. In total, this review can present an extensive view of the complex interaction between EVs and MSC-derived miRNAs in RA and thus suggest valuable strategies for developing new therapeutic approaches to target this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Akbarzadeh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Gerami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Reza Farrokhi
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shima Shapoori
- Center for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Morteza Jafarinia
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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2
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Xu S, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Sun J, Wei Y, Ding G. Mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles in bone and joint diseases: targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome. Hum Cell 2024:10.1007/s13577-024-01101-x. [PMID: 38985391 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like-receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a cytosolic multi-subunit protein complex, and recent studies have demonstrated the vital role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathological and physiological conditions, which cleaves gasdermin D to induce inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis and mediates the release of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-18 in response to microbial infection or cellular injury. Over-activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is associated with the pathogenesis of many disorders affecting bone and joints, including gouty arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and periodontitis. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been discovered to facilitate the inhibition of NLRP3 and maybe ideal for treating bone and joint diseases. In this review, we implicate the structure and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome along with the detail on the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in bone and joint diseases pathology. In addition, we focused on MSCs and MSC-extracellular vesicles targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes in bone and joint diseases. Finally, the existing problems and future direction are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Xu
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zejun Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinmeng Sun
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanan Wei
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gang Ding
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong Province, China.
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Ren W, Sun Y, Zhao L, Shi X. NLRP3 inflammasome and its role in autoimmune diseases: A promising therapeutic target. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116679. [PMID: 38701567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a protein complex that regulates innate immune responses by activating caspase-1 and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Numerous studies have highlighted its crucial role in the pathogenesis and development of inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune thyroid diseases, and other autoimmune diseases. Therefore, investigating the underlying mechanisms of NLRP3 in disease and targeted drug therapies holds clinical significance. This review summarizes the structure, assembly, and activation mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome, focusing on its role and involvement in various autoimmune diseases. This review also identifies studies where the involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the disease mechanism within the same disease appears contradictory, as well as differences in NLRP3-related gene polymorphisms among different ethnic groups. Additionally, the latest therapeutic advances in targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome for autoimmune diseases are outlined, and novel clinical perspectives are discussed. Conclusively, this review provides a consolidated source of information on the NLRP3 inflammasome and may guide future research efforts that have the potential to positively impact patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
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Liu Y, Jiang P, Qu Y, Liu C, Zhang D, Xu B, Zhang Q. Exosomes and exosomal miRNAs: A new avenue for the future treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28127. [PMID: 38533025 PMCID: PMC10963384 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that involves mainly synovitis and joint injury and is one of the main causes of disability. The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis is complicated, and the treatment cycle is long. The traditional methods of inhibiting inflammation and immunosuppression are no longer sufficient for treatment of the disease, so there is an urgent need to seek new treatments. The exocrine microenvironment is a kind of microvesicle with a lipid bilayer membrane structure that can be secreted by most cells in the body. This structure contains cell-specific proteins, lipids and nucleic acids that can transmit this information from one cell to another. To achieve cell-to-cell communication. Exocrine microRNAs can be contained in exocrine cells and can be selectively transferred to target receptor cells via exocrine signaling, thus regulating the physiological function of target cells. This article focuses on the pathological changes that occur during the development of rheumatoid arthritis and the biological regulation of exocrine and exocrine microRNAs in rheumatoid joints. Research on the roles of exocrine and exocrine microRNAs in regulating the inflammatory response, cell proliferation/apoptosis, autophagy, effects on fibroblast-like synoviocytes and immune regulation in rheumatoid arthritis was reviewed. In addition, the challenges faced by this new treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Jinan, China
- Rheumatology and Immunology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Qu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanguo Liu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Rheumatology and Immunology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Rheumatology and Immunology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Science and Technology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Zhang R, Han L, Lin W, Ba X, Yan J, Li T, Yang Y, Huang Y, Huang Y, Qin K, Chen Z, Wang Y, Tu S. Mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and the effects of traditional Chinese medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117432. [PMID: 37992880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE It has been widely reported that various anti-rheumatic traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) through regulating the abnormal production, assembly, and activation of the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. These TCMs include monomers isolated from Chinese herbs, extracts of Chinese herbs, and Chinese medical formulae with a lengthy application history. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aimed to summarize and analyze the published articles about the NLRP3 inflammasome and its role in the pathogenesis of RA and OA. We also reviewed existing knowledge on the therapeutic mechanism of TCMs in RA and OA via the regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched for relevant articles with the keywords "NLRP3 inflammasome", "traditional Chinese medicine," "Chinese herbal drugs," "rheumatoid arthritis," and "osteoarthritis." The information retrieval was conducted in medical Chinese and English databases from the date of construction to April 19, 2023, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database (VIP), and China Online Journals (COJ). RESULTS According to retrieval results, 35 TCMs have been demonstrated to relieve RA by targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome, including six traditional Chinese prescriptions, seven extracts of Chinese herbs, and 22 monomers extracted from traditional Chinese herbs and formulae. Additionally, 23 TCMs have shown anti-OA effects with abilities to modulate the NLRP3 inflammasome, including five traditional Chinese prescriptions, one extract of Chinese herbs, and 17 monomers from Chinese herbs. CONCLUSIONS We summarized mechanism research about the pivotal roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of RA and OA. Moreover, a review of TCMs with targets of the NLRP3 inflammasome in RA and OA treatment was also conducted. Our work is conducive to a better application of TCMs in complementary and alternative therapies in RA and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyuan Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liang Han
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Weiji Lin
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xin Ba
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jiahui Yan
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yuyao Yang
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Clinical Medicine, Second Clinical School, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Yao Huang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Kai Qin
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhe Chen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Li X, Ji LJ, Feng KD, Huang H, Liang MR, Cheng SJ, Meng XD. Emerging role of exosomes in ulcerative colitis: Targeting NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:527-541. [PMID: 38463022 PMCID: PMC10921143 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i6.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease. Despite ongoing advances in our understanding of UC, its pathogenesis is yet unelucidated, underscoring the urgent need for novel treatment strategies for patients with UC. Exosomes are nanoscale membrane particles that mediate intercellular communication by carrying various bioactive molecules, such as proteins, RNAs, DNA, and metabolites. The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a cytosolic tripartite protein complex whose activation induces the maturation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, triggering the inflammatory response to a pathogenic agent or injury. Growing evidence suggests that exosomes are new modulators of the NLRP3 inflammasome, with vital roles in the pathological process of UC. Here, recent evidence is reviewed on the role of exosomes and NLRP3 inflammasome in UC. First, the dual role of exosomes on NLRP3 inflammasome and the effect of NLRP3 inflammasome on exosome secretion are summarized. Finally, an outlook on the directions of exosome-NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk research in the context of UC is proposed and areas of further research on this topic are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li-Jiang Ji
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kai-Di Feng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei-Rou Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shi-Jin Cheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiu-Dong Meng
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
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Chen PK, Tang KT, Chen DY. The NLRP3 Inflammasome as a Pathogenic Player Showing Therapeutic Potential in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Comorbidities: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:626. [PMID: 38203796 PMCID: PMC10779699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by chronic synovitis and the progressive destruction of cartilage and bone. RA is commonly accompanied by extra-articular comorbidities. The pathogenesis of RA and its comorbidities is complex and not completely elucidated. The assembly of the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activates caspase-1, which induces the maturation of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and leads to the cleavage of gasdermin D with promoting pyroptosis. Accumulative evidence indicates the pathogenic role of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in RA and its comorbidities, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and interstitial lung diseases. Although the available therapeutic agents are effective for RA treatment, their high cost and increased infection rate are causes for concern. Recent evidence revealed the components of the NLRP3 inflammasome as potential therapeutic targets in RA and its comorbidities. In this review, we searched the MEDLINE database using the PubMed interface and reviewed English-language literature on the NLRP3 inflammasome in RA and its comorbidities from 2000 to 2023. The current evidence reveals that the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the pathogenesis of RA and its comorbidities. Consequently, the components of the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway represent promising therapeutic targets, and ongoing research might lead to the development of new, effective treatments for RA and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ku Chen
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tung Tang
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yuan Chen
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Bertolino GM, Maumus M, Jorgensen C, Noël D. Therapeutic potential in rheumatic diseases of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:682-694. [PMID: 37666995 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-01010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and injuries to articular cartilage that lead to osteochondral defects is predicted to rise as a result of population ageing and the increase in high-intensity physical activities among young and middle-aged people. Current treatments focus on the management of pain and joint functionality to improve the patient's quality of life, but curative strategies are greatly desired. In the past two decades, the therapeutic value of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been evaluated because of their regenerative potential, which is mainly attributed to the secretion of paracrine factors. Many of these factors are enclosed in extracellular vesicles (EVs) that reproduce the main functions of parental cells. MSC-derived EVs have anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic as well as pro-regenerative activities. Research on EVs has gained considerable attention as they are a potential cell-free therapy with lower immunogenicity and easier management than whole cells. MSC-derived EVs can rescue the pathogenetic phenotypes of chondrocytes and exert a protective effect in animal models of rheumatic disease. To facilitate the therapeutic use of EVs, appropriate cell sources for the production of EVs with the desired biological effects in each disease should be identified. Production and isolation of EVs should be optimized, and pre-isolation and post-isolation modifications should be considered to maximize the disease-modifying potential of the EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie Maumus
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295, Montpellier, France.
- Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Disease Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Montpellier, 34095, Montpellier, France.
| | - Danièle Noël
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295, Montpellier, France.
- Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Disease Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Montpellier, 34095, Montpellier, France.
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Moghaddam MZ, Mousavi MJ, Ghotloo S. Cell-based therapies for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1091. [PMID: 38018576 PMCID: PMC10664399 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis that is the most prevalent rheumatic autoimmune disorder, affect autologous connective tissues caused by the breakdown of the self-tolerance mechanisms of the immune system. During the last two decades, cell-based therapy, including stem cells and none-stem cells has been increasingly considered as a therapeutic option in various diseases. This is partly due to the unique properties of stem cells that divide and differentiate from the specialized cells in the damaged tissue. Moreover, stem cells and none-stem cells, impose immunomodulatory properties affecting the diseases caused by immunological abnormalities such as rheumatic autoimmune disorders. In the present review, the efficacy of cell-based therapy with four main types of stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and human amniotic membrane cells, as well as none-stem cells, including regulatory T cells, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and tolerogenic dendritic cells will be evaluated. Moreover, other related issues, including safety, changes in immunological parameters, suitable choice of stem cell and none-stem cell origin, conditioning regimen, limitations, and complications will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Javad Mousavi
- Department of HematologyFaculty of Allied Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical SciencesBushehrIran
| | - Somayeh Ghotloo
- Autoimmune Diseases Research CenterKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran
- Department of Clinical Laboratory SciencesKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran
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10
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Rani R, Raina N, Sharma A, Kumar P, Tulli HS, Gupta M. Advancement in nanotechnology for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: scope and potential applications. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2287-2310. [PMID: 37166463 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a hyperactive immune disorder that results in severe inflammation in synovial joints, cartilage, and bone deterioration, resulting in immobilization of joints. Traditional approaches for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis are associated with some limiting factors such as suboptimal patient compliance, inability to control the progression of disorder, and safety concerns. Therefore, innovative drug delivery carriers for efficient therapeutic delivery at inflamed synovial sites with better safety assessment are urgently needed to address these issues. From this perspective, nanotechnology is an outstanding alternative to traditional drug delivery approaches, and it has shown great promise in developing novel carriers to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Considering the current research and future application of nanocarriers, it is believed that nanocarriers can be a crucial element in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. This paper covers all currently available pathophysiological aspects of rheumatoid arthritis and treatment options. Future research for the reduction of synovial inflammation should focus on developing multifunction nanoparticles capable of delivering therapeutic agents with improved safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness to be commercialized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Rani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS-DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi-110054, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hardeep Singh Tulli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India.
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11
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Zhang S, Duan Z, Liu F, Wu Q, Sun X, Ma H. The impact of exosomes derived from distinct sources on rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1240747. [PMID: 37575235 PMCID: PMC10414108 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1240747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that can induce joint deformities and functional impairment, significantly impacting the overall well-being of individuals. Exosomes, which are cellularly secreted vesicles, possess favorable biological traits such as biocompatibility, stability, and minimal toxicity. Additionally, they contain nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, amino acids, and metabolites, serving as mediators in cellular communication and information exchange. Recent studies have demonstrated the association between exosomes and the pathogenesis of RA. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells, dendritic cells, and neutrophils exert influence on the biological functions of immune cells and joint cells, however, the precise mechanism remains largely unclarified. This comprehensive review systematically analyzes and summarizes the biological characteristics and functionalities of exosomes derived from diverse cellular sources, thus establishing a scientific foundation for the utilization of exosomes as diagnostic targets and therapeutic modalities in the context of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Duan
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Qingjie Wu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Xiwei Sun
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Hailong Ma
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, China
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12
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Xie H, Hong F, Yang S. Role of miRNAs in Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:1749. [PMID: 37443783 PMCID: PMC10340706 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease characterized by autoimmunity, synovial inflammation and joint destruction. Pannus formation in the synovial cavity can cause irreversible damage to the joint and cartilage and eventually permanent disability. Current conventional treatments for RA have limitations regarding efficacy, safety and cost. microRNA (miRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The dysregulation of miRNA has been observed in RA patients and implicated in the pathogenesis of RA. miRNAs have emerged as potential biomarkers or therapeutic agents. In this review, we explore the role of miRNAs in various aspects of RA pathophysiology, including immune cell imbalance, the proliferation and invasion of fibroblast-like synovial (FLS) cell, the dysregulation of inflammatory signaling and disturbance in angiogenesis. We delve into the regulatory effects of miRNAs on Treg/Th17 and M1/M2 polarization, the activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway, neovascular formation, energy metabolism induced by FLS-cell-induced energy metabolism, apoptosis, osteogenesis and mobility. These findings shed light on the potential applications of miRNAs as diagnostic or therapeutic biomarkers for RA management. Furthermore, there are some strategies to regulate miRNA expression levels by utilizing miRNA mimics or exosomes and to hinder miRNA activity via competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network-based antagonists. We conclude that miRNAs offer a promising avenue for RA therapy with unlimited potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases, Fuzhou Medical University, Fuzhou 344000, China; (Y.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Meiwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases, Fuzhou Medical University, Fuzhou 344000, China; (Y.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Department of Physiology, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344100, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Chronic Disease Research in Fuzhou City, Fuzhou Science and Technology Bureau, Fuzhou 344100, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- Department of Foreign Language, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344100, China;
| | - Fenfang Hong
- Experimental Centre of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Shulong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases, Fuzhou Medical University, Fuzhou 344000, China; (Y.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Department of Physiology, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344100, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Chronic Disease Research in Fuzhou City, Fuzhou Science and Technology Bureau, Fuzhou 344100, China
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Han X, Lin D, Huang W, Li D, Li N, Xie X. Mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome intervention for synovitis in knee osteoarthritis: A review of TCM intervention. Front Genet 2023; 14:1159167. [PMID: 37065495 PMCID: PMC10090545 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1159167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This paper briefly reviews the structure and function of NLRP3 inflammasomes, signaling pathway, relationship with synovitis in KOA, and intervention of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in NLRP3 inflammasomes as a means to improve its therapeutic potential and clinical application.Method: Literatures about NLRP3 inflammasomes and synovitis in KOA were reviewed to analyze and discuss.Result: NLRP3 inflammasome can activate NF-κB mediated signal transduction, which in turn causes the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, initiates the innate immune response, and triggers synovitis in KOA. The TCM monomer/active ingredient, decoction, external ointment, and acupuncture regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes are helpful to alleviate synovitis in KOA.Conclusion: The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of synovitis in KOA, TCM intervention targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome can be a novel approach and therapeutic direction for the treatment of synovitis in KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfu Han
- Clinical Medical College of Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Demin Lin
- Clinical Medical College of Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Clinical Medical College of Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dingpeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ning Li
- Clinical Medical College of Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Li, ; Xingwen Xie,
| | - Xingwen Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Li, ; Xingwen Xie,
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14
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MiR-223-3p regulates the eosinophil degranulation and enhances the inflammation in allergic rhinitis by targeting FBXW7. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110007. [PMID: 36924565 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MiR-223-3p is a multifunctional microRNA regulated by multiple transcription factors and plays a critical role in inflammation. This paper was designed to investigate the regulatory role and mechanism of miR-223-3p in eosinophils degranulation and allergic rhinitis (AR) inflammation. METHODS OVA sensitized AR mouse model and EOL-1 cells model were established. RT-qPCR and FISH were performed to detect the miR-223-3p expression. ELISA and WB were utilized to evaluate mRNA and protein expression. HE staining and transmission electron microscopy were applied to observe the morphological changes in nasal mucosa. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining were performed to measure the proportion of eosinophils and eosinophilic major basic protein expression. The targeting relationship between miR-223-3p and FBXW7 was verified by bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of FBXW7 was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The level of miR-223-3p in nasal mucosa was significantly up-regulated in AR group. The expression of miR-223-3p, ECP, MBP, and EPO were increased in EOL-1 cells, further increasing the miR-223-3p level could promote the ECP and EPO mRNA expression. Upregulation of miR-223-3p increased eosinophils granule protein expression, aggravated mucosal destruction and enhanced AR inflammation. Luciferase assay verified miR-223-3p directly target the 3'-UTR of FBXW7. In vitro, overexpression of FBXW7 could reverse the increase in MBP expression caused by the up-regulation of miR-223-3p. In vivo, knockdown of FBXW7 could reverse the down-regulation in granule protein level caused by the down-regulation of miR-223-3p, thereby aggravating AR inflammation. CONCLUSION Collected evidence elucidated that miR-223-3p could regulate the eosinophil degranulation and enhances the inflammation in AR by targeting FBXW7. The miR-223-3p/FBXW7 axis may provide a novel approach for AR treatment.
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Yang X, Xia H, Liu C, Wu Y, Liu X, Cheng Y, Wang Y, Xia Y, Yue Y, Cheng X, Jia R. The novel delivery-exosome application for diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 242:154332. [PMID: 36696804 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by persistent systemic synovitis, with a high risk of stiffness, pain, and swelling. It may affect the other extra-articular tissues. There is no ideal treatment for this disease at present, and it can only be controlled by medication to alleviate the prognosis. Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by various cells in the organism under normal or pathological conditions, and play a role in immune response, antigen presentation, cell migration, cell differentiation, tumor invasion and so on. Due to the adverse effects of conventional drugs and treatments in the treatment of RA, exosomes, as a nanocarrier with many advantages, can have a great impact on the loading of drugs for the treatment of RA. This article reviews the role of exosomes in the pathogenesis of RA and the progress of exosome-based therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifang Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Cheng
- Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China; School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yue
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoman Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyang Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
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16
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Peng X, Wang Q, Li W, Ge G, Peng J, Xu Y, Yang H, Bai J, Geng D. Comprehensive overview of microRNA function in rheumatoid arthritis. Bone Res 2023; 11:8. [PMID: 36690624 PMCID: PMC9870909 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous single-stranded short noncoding RNAs, have emerged as vital epigenetic regulators of both pathological and physiological processes in animals. They direct fundamental cellular pathways and processes by fine-tuning the expression of multiple genes at the posttranscriptional level. Growing evidence suggests that miRNAs are implicated in the onset and development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly affects synovial joints. This common autoimmune disorder is characterized by a complex and multifaceted pathogenesis, and its morbidity, disability and mortality rates remain consistently high. More in-depth insights into the underlying mechanisms of RA are required to address unmet clinical needs and optimize treatment. Herein, we comprehensively review the deregulated miRNAs and impaired cellular functions in RA to shed light on several aspects of RA pathogenesis, with a focus on excessive inflammation, synovial hyperplasia and progressive joint damage. This review also provides promising targets for innovative therapies of RA. In addition, we discuss the regulatory roles and clinical potential of extracellular miRNAs in RA, highlighting their prospective applications as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Peng
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Wenming Li
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Gaoran Ge
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Peng
- grid.413390.c0000 0004 1757 6938Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 563000 Zunyi, P. R. China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Huilin Yang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Dechun Geng
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006 Jiangsu P. R. China
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17
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Zhao J, Zhang B, Meng W, Hu J. Elucidating a fresh perspective on the interplay between exosomes and rheumatoid arthritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1177303. [PMID: 37187619 PMCID: PMC10175795 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1177303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic synovitis and the destruction of bones and joints. Exosomes are nanoscale lipid membrane vesicles originating from multivesicular bodies and are used as a vital means of intercellular communication. Both exosomes and the microbial community are essential in RA pathogenesis. Multiple types of exosomes from different origins have been demonstrated to have effects on various immune cells through distinct mechanisms in RA, which depend on the specific cargo carried by the exosomes. Tens of thousands of microorganisms exist in the human intestinal system. Microorganisms exert various physiological and pathological effects on the host directly or through their metabolites. Gut microbe-derived exosomes are being studied in the field of liver disease; however, information on their role in the context of RA is still limited. Gut microbe-derived exosomes may enhance autoimmunity by altering intestinal permeability and transporting cargo to the extraintestinal system. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive literature review on the latest progress on exosomes in RA and provided an outlook on the potential role of microbe-derived exosomes as emerging players in clinical and translational research on RA. This review aimed to provide a theoretical basis for developing new clinical targets for RA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhao
- Department of Nephropathy, The Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Meng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Nephropathy, The Seventh People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Hu,
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18
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Alcaraz MJ, Guillén MI. Cellular and Molecular Targets of Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1177-1185. [PMID: 36318277 PMCID: PMC9801303 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes progressive joint destruction. Despite the advances in the treatment of this condition there remains a clinical need for safe therapies leading to clinical remission. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) play immunomodulatory and regenerative roles which can be partly mediated by their secretome. In recent years, the important contribution of extracellular vesicles (EVs) to MSC actions has received an increasing interest as a new therapeutic approach. We provide an extensive overview of the immunomodulatory properties of MSC EVs and their effects on articular cells such as fibroblast-like synoviocytes that play a central role in joint destruction. This review discusses the anti-arthritic effects of MSC EVs in vitro and in animal models of RA as well as their potential mechanisms. Recent preclinical data suggest that transfer of non-coding RNAs by MSC EVs regulates key signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of RA. We also examine a number of EV modifications for improving their anti-arthritic efficacy and carrier ability for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Alcaraz
- Corresponding author: María José Alcaraz, PhD, Interuniversity Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), University of Valencia, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain. E-mail:
| | - María Isabel Guillén
- Interuniversity Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), University of Valencia, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
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19
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MSC-EV therapy for bone/cartilage diseases. Bone Rep 2022; 17:101636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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20
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Lee S, Ko JH, Kim SN. The Extracellular MicroRNAs on Inflammation: A Literature Review of Rodent Studies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1601. [PMID: 35884901 PMCID: PMC9312877 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an indispensable biological process stimulated by infection and injuries. Inflammatory mechanisms related to extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are small membrane structures carrying various molecules, were summarized in this review. Emerging evidence from animal studies has highlighted the role of EVs in modulating inflammatory responses, by transporting various molecules involved in host defense. In this review, we have discussed the role of EV miRNAs in inflammation. Rodent studies associated with extracellular miRNAs in inflammatory diseases, published from 2012 to 2022, were explored from PUBMED, EMBASE, and MEDLINE. A total of 95 studies were reviewed. In summary, EV-associated miRNAs play a key role in various diseases, including organ injury, immune dysfunction, neurological disease, metabolic syndrome, vesicular disease, arthritis, cancer, and other inflammatory diseases. Diverse EV-associated miRNAs regulate inflammasome activation and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels by targeting genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seri Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea; (S.L.); (J.H.K.)
- Graduate School, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | - Jade Heejae Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea; (S.L.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Seung-Nam Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea; (S.L.); (J.H.K.)
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21
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Liu L, Zhou T, Li T, Liang Z, Luo X. LncRNA DLX6-AS1 promotes microglial inflammatory response in Parkinson's disease by regulating the miR-223-3p/NRP1 axis. Behav Brain Res 2022; 431:113923. [PMID: 35550840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevailing neurodegenerative disorder. This study discussed the mechanism of lncRNA distal-less homeobox 6 antisense 1 (DLX6-AS1) on inflammatory responses in PD. With healthy male C57BL/6 mice (8-10 weeks) and BV2 microglia as study subjects, we established PD models in vivo/in vitro by injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) for 4 weeks and treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24hours, respectively. DLX6-AS1 expression in PD mice and BV2 microglia was examined using reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction and then down-regulated via stereotaxic catheter injection or cell transfection to evaluate its effect on neurological function. Meanwhile, the cell number of TH+/Caspase3+/IBA1+ in substantia nigra, cell viability, and apoptosis rate of BV2 microglia, inflammatory levels, and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were determined using immunohistochemistry, MTT assay, flow cytometry, ELISA assay, and Western blot. The binding relationship between miR-223-3p and DLX6-AS1/Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) was verified by dual-luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. After down-regulation of DLX6-AS1, we down-regulated/overexpressed miR-223-3p/NRP1 levels in BV2 microglia. DLX6-AS1 was overexpressed in PD mice. Silencing DLX6-AS1 improved neurological function and alleviated microglial inflammation in PD mice. Specifically, the latency of mice falling from the rotating rod was longer, and the latency of climbing rod test was shorter; TH+ cells increased, while Caspase3+/IBA1+ cells decreased; the levels of inflammatory were lowered. Silencing DLX6-AS1 inhibited LPS-induced inflammation of BV2 microglia. DLX6-AS1 acted as the ceRNA of miR-223-3p to promote NRP1. Down-regulation of miR-223-3p or overexpression of NRP1 partially annulled the effect of silencing DLX6-AS1 on BV2 microglial inflammation. Overall, DLX6-AS1 promotes the microglial inflammatory response in PD through the ceRNA mechanism of miR-223-3p/NRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Zhanhua Liang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Luo
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518020, China
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