Aggregation behavior of pyrrolidinium-based surface active ionic liquids in H 2 O-EAN binary solvents

Impact of surface-active ionic solutions on the structure and function of laccase from trametes versicolor: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations

Many protein-ionic liquid investigations have examined laccase interactions. Laccases are a class of poly-copper oxidoreductases that retain significant biotechnological relevance owing to their notable oxidative capabilities and their application in the elimination of synthetic dyes, phenolic compounds, insecticides, and various other substances. This study investigates the impact of surface active ionic liquids (SAILs), namely, decyltrimethylammonium bromide [N10111][Br] and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [C10mim][Cl] as cationic surfactant ionic liquids and cholinium decanoate [Chl][Dec], an anionic surfactant ionic liquid, on the structure and function of laccase from the fungus Trametes versicolor (TvL) by the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. In summary, this study showed that laccase solvent-accessible surface area increased in the ionic liquid [Chl][Dec] while it decreased in the other two ionic liquids. Interestingly, [Chl][Dec] ionic liquid components formed hydrogen bonds with laccase, while [N10111][Br] and [C10mim][Cl] components were unable to form hydrogen bonds with laccase. The quantity of hydrogen bonds formed between water molecules and the enzyme was also diminished in the presence of [Chl][Dec] in comparison to the other two ionic liquids. especially at a concentration of 250 mM. In 250 mM concentrations of [N10111][Br] and [C10mim][Cl], clusters of long-chain cations are likely to form near the copper T1 site. However, even at low [Chl][Dec] concentrations, long [Dec]- chains were observed to penetrate the enzyme near the copper T1 site, and at 250 mM [Chl][Dec], a large cluster of anions occupied the opening of the active site. The results of the analysis also show that the interaction between the [Dec]- anion and the enzyme is stronger than the interaction between [N10111]+ and [C10mim]+ with laccase; in addition, the [Dec]- anion, compared to [Br]- and [Cl]- has a much greater tendency to bind with the enzyme residues.

Formation and Structure of Nanotubes in Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid Aqueous Solution

Self-assembled structures have attracted much attention for their potential applications in biological and electrochemical studies. Understanding the aggregation mechanism is necessary for utilizing the structures and improving the properties. In this study, the tubular cluster aggregations formed by the 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium salicylate ([C₁₂mim][Sal]) have been studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The rod-like and funnel-shaped structures were observed during the simulations, and finally, the nanotube structure enclosed by a bilayer membrane was formed. For the first time, the point cloud fitting method was used to obtain the axis equation of the tubular cluster. Based on the equation, the structure of tubular clusters was analyzed in detail. The imidazolium ring and anions were distributed at the ionic liquid-water interface, while the dodecyl groups were buried in the nanotube membrane away from the water. Electrostatic interactions between cations and anions played a dominant role in stabilizing the structure of the nanotube. The tubular cluster size, membrane thickness, and permeability of water molecules through the membrane of the cluster were also calculated. Furthermore, the orientation analysis revealed that multitudinous aggregation structures could be formed by the long alkyl chain in aqueous solution, which might be beneficial for the strengthening and separating processes.

Impact of Fluorinated Ionic Liquids on Human Phenylalanine Hydroxylase-A Potential Drug Delivery System

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by deficient activity of human phenylalanine hydroxylase (hPAH), which can lead to neurologic impairments in untreated patients. Although some therapies are already available for PKU, these are not without drawbacks. Enzyme-replacement therapy through the delivery of functional hPAH could be a promising strategy. In this work, biophysical methods were used to evaluate the potential of [N_1112(OH)][C₄F₉SO₃], a biocompatible fluorinated ionic liquid (FIL), as a delivery system of hPAH. The results herein presented show that [N_1112(OH)][C₄F₉SO₃] spontaneously forms micelles in a solution that can encapsulate hPAH. This FIL has no significant effect on the secondary structure of hPAH and is able to increase its enzymatic activity, despite the negative impact on protein thermostability. The influence of [N_1112(OH)][C₄F₉SO₃] on the complex oligomerization equilibrium of hPAH was also assessed.

Aggregation behaviour of biocompatible choline carboxylate ionic liquids and their interactions with biomolecules through experimental and theoretical investigations

The self-assembly of long-chain choline carboxylates accompanied by their interaction with BSA protein were investigated with focus on environmental sustainability.