Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking and DNA binding studies of Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and Mn(II) complexes

Synthesis and characterization of a novel TiO2@chitosan/alginate nanocomposite sponge for highly efficient removal of As(V) ions from aqueous solutions: Adsorption isotherm, kinetics, experiment and adsorption mechanism optimization using Box-Behnken design

This research uses a novel TiO2@CSC.Alg composite sponge was created by encasing TiO2 nanoparticles in the natural polymers alginate and chitosan, resulting in a nanocomposite that is both ecologically friendly and biocompatible. Using the generated nanocomposite as a new environmentally friendly adsorbent, As(V) heavy metal ions were effectively removed from aqueous media. The following techniques were used to analyse the physicochemical properties of the obtained materials: pHZPC, FTIR, XRD, BET, SEM, and XPS. Utilizing nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, the TiO2@CSC.Alg composite sponge's textural properties were identified. This revealed a BET surface area of 168.42 m2/g and a total pore volume of 1.18 cc/g, indicating its porous nature and potential for high adsorption capacity. Examine the effects of temperature, pH, dose, and beginning concentration on adsorption. The adsorption characteristics were determined based on equilibrium and adsorption kinetics measurements. The adsorption process was both pseudo-second-order (PSOE) and Langmuir isothermally fit. Chemisorption was the adsorption method since the adsorption energy was 25.45 kJ·mol-1. An endothermic and spontaneous adsorption process was indicated by more metal being absorbed as the temperature increased. The optimal conditions for adsorption were optimized via Box-Behnken design software to be pH of 5 in the solution, a dosage of 0.02 g of the TiO2@CSC.Alg composite sponge per 25 mL, and an arsenate (As(V)) solution the adsorption capacity was 202.27 mg/g are ideal for efficient adsorption. These parameters are critical in achieving the maximum adsorption capacity of the composite sponge for arsenate, which could be beneficial for water purification applications. Utilizing Design-Expert software's response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD), the adsorption process was optimized with the fewest planned tests. After six successive cycles of adsorption and desorption, the adsorbent stability was confirmed by the adsorbent reusability test without any noticeable decrease in removal efficacy. Additionally, it displayed good efficiency, the same XRD and XPS data before and after reuse, and no change in chemical composition.

Anti-cancer property and DNA binding interaction of first row transition metal complexes: A decade update

Metal ions carry out a wide variety of functions, including acid-base/redox catalysis, structural functions, signaling, and electron transport. Understanding the interactions of transition metal complexes with biomacromolecules is essential for biology, medicinal chemistry, and the production of synthetic metalloenzymes. After the coincidental discovery of cisplatin, importance of the metal complexes in biochemistry became a top priority for inquiry. In this review, a decade update on various synthetic strategies to first row transition metal complex and their interaction with DNA through non-covalent binding are explored. Moreover, this effort provides an excellent analysis on the efficacy of theoretical and practical approaches to the systematic generation of new non-platinum based metallodrugs for anti-cancer therapeutics.

Synthesis, characterization and adsorption optimization of bimetallic La-Zn metal organic framework for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid

To eliminate the hazardous pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid (2,4-D) through aqueous solutions, stacked nanorods known as hetero bimetallic organic frameworks (MOFs) of 2-methyl imidazole based on lanthanum and zinc are created. The research's convincing discoveries displayed that La/Zn-MOF is an actual adsorbent for the removal of 2,4-D through aqueous solutions. The La/Zn-MOF was investigated using a variability of techniques, with scanning electron microscope (SEM), powered X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) investigation. La/Zn-MOF has a significant pore capacity of 1.04 cm³/g and a comparatively large surface area of 897.69 m2/g. Our findings, which are quite intriguing, demonstrate that adsorption behavior is pointedly wedged by variations in pH. A pH 6 dose of 0.02 g was shown to be the optimal setting for the greatest capacity for adsorption. Because adsorption is an endothermic process, temperature variations affect its capability. The adsorption method was fit both isothermally and kinetically using the Langmuir isotherm classical. It was created that the entire process made use of a chemisorption mechanism. Solution pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage, and time were all improved using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). We were able to accurately calculate the values of ΔHo, ΔSo, and ΔGo for 2,4-D by following the guidelines. These results demonstrated the spontaneous and endothermic character of the adsorption procedure employing La/Zn-MOF as an adsorbent. Adsorption-desorption cycles can be carried out up to five times. With the synthesized La/Zn-MOF adsorbent due to its exceptional reusability. Many processes, such π-π interaction, pore filling, H-bonding, or electrostatic contact, were postulated to explain the connection between La/Zn-MOF and 2,4-D after extra research to appreciate well the link was conducted. This is the first study to demonstrate the effectiveness of utilizing La/Zn-MOF as an adsorbent to eliminate 2,4-D from wastewater models. The results display that a pH of 6 is required to achieve the maximal 2,4-D adsorption capability on La/Zn-MOF, which is 307.5 mg/g.

Superior adsorption and removal of doxorubicin from aqueous solution using activated carbon via thermally treated green adsorbent: isothermal, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies

Activated carbon from apricot seeds (ASAC) was successfully made using a low-cost, straightforward synthesis process. With the use of various instruments, including XRD, XPS, FT-IR, SEM, and TEM, the adsorbent was demonstrated. The surface area of the ASAC that was given was also shown to be 436.8 m2/g. It was discovered that the synthesized ASAC has a fantastic capacity to absorb the anti-cancer medication doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). Based on changes in temperature, pH, and DOX concentration, The DOX adsorption behaviour's mechanism was evaluated. The adsorption capacity of ASAC for DOX was greater at pH 6.0, according to experimental data as the adsorption capacity was discovered to be 951.13 mg/g. Adsorption equilibrium analysis revealed that, when compared to the other models, the Langmuir adsorption provided the best fit to the data that were collected. Additionally, The ASAC has validated the DOX activation energy of adsorption as a chemisorption technique. The kinetics of adsorption were shown to be fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The reaction was endothermic and spontaneous, according to thermodynamic data. Innvestigation the removal efficiency of ASAC to remove DOX from real watrer sample (tap water, effluent wastewater, and impact wastewater). It was suggested by the results that ASAC was a viable option for treating wastewater and adsorbing DOX. The synthesized ASAC has noteworthy cyclability and reusability characteristics due to its high efficiency (up to five cycles) and low cost (around 86 percent).

Chitosan-nano CuO composite for removal of mercury (II): Box-Behnken design optimization and adsorption mechanism

The study aimed to develop an adsorbent for extracting mercury (II) from water by combining chitosan beads with green copper oxide nanoparticles. This resulted in the synthesis of the CuO NPs@CSC composite sponge, achieved by loading CuO NPs onto citrate-crosslinked chitosan (CSC). Characterization involved X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The BET method confirmed a higher surface area of the adsorbent at 285.55 m2/g, suggesting its potential for effective mercury (II) removal from water. This research aligns with broader efforts in environmental science and nanotechnology to create advanced materials for water purification. The characterization techniques ensure the suitability of the synthesized material for its intended application, and the significant surface area enhances its capacity for contaminant adsorption. The study investigated the impact of adsorbent dosage, pH, and initial Hg (II) concentration on mercury (II) adsorption. Results showed a fit with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Using the Dubinin-Radushkevich model (adsorption energy: 22.74 kJ mol-1), chemisorption was identified. Notably, the adsorption process was found to be endothermic, indicating that higher temperatures led to increased removal capacity and related parameters. This temperature influence was explored systematically. Additionally, the study concluded that the adsorption reaction was spontaneous, evidenced by a positive entropy change. This analysis contributes valuable insights into the thermodynamics and kinetics of mercury (II) adsorption in the studied system. The CuO NPs@CSC composite sponge achieved an impressive adsorption capacity of 672 mg/g. Even after five consecutive cycles, it maintained strong adsorption capabilities with 84.5 % removal efficiency. Remarkably, over six reuse cycles, there were no observable changes in chemical composition, and XRD peaks remained consistent before and after each cycle. The study delved into the interaction mechanism between the CuO NPs@CSC composite sponge and heavy metals. Utilizing the Box-Behnken design (BBD), the adsorption process was optimized for enhanced efficiency.

Efficiency of Fe3O4@ZIF-8 for the removal of Doxorubicin from aqueous solutions: equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamic studies

Due to inadequate pharmaceutical wastewater treatment, anticancer contaminants from the pharmaceutical industry frequently end up in the aquatic environment where they endanger aquatic life and humans. As a result, the appropriate treatment of wastewater that contains anticancer agents is crucial for pollution prevention. The purpose of this work is to assess the effectiveness of a Fe3O4@ZIF-8 nanocomposite as an adsorbent to remove of the chemotherapeutic drugs doxorubicin (DOX) from aqueous solution. SEM, XRD, BET, FT-IR, Zeta potential, and point of zero charge analysis were used to study the surface and structural characteristics of the Fe3O4@ZIF-8 nanocomposite. Via the proposed treatment, 804.84 mg/g elimination was successful under the following circumstances: pH = 6; Fe3O4@ZIF-8 dose = 0.02 g/25 mL; DOX concentration = 1.22x10-3 mol; adsorption time = 100 min; and shaking speed = 200 rpm. A investigation of isotherms shown that the Langmuir equation and experimental data suited each other quite well. The adsorption of DOX on Fe3O4@ZIF-8 was endothermic and spontaneous, in accordance with thermodynamic properties. Furthermore, the elimination of DOX was enhanced by the rise in solution temperature. The kinetic analysis revealed that the pseudo-second order was fitted by the model. The suggested adsorption method could recycle Fe3O4@ZIF-8 nanocomposite six times, with a modest reduction in its ability for adsorption. For all XRD reflection peaks, physical characteristics including strain rates were computed and the dislocation of was 4.7 × 10-6. Investigate the activity of the DOX towards COVID-19, breast and prostate cancer using molecular docking.

Effective levofloxacin adsorption and removal from aqueous solution onto tea waste biochar; synthesis, characterization, adsorption studies, and optimization by Box-Behnken design and its antibacterial activity

ABSTRACTResearch efforts are focusing on investigating cost-effective and ecologically friendly ways to create nanoparticles as a result of promising developments in green technology (NPs). This experiment focused on the effectiveness of using biochar (TWB) made from coffee waste to extract levofloxacin (LEV) from water. The conclusive results of the trials showed that TWB is an effective adsorbent for removing LEV from liquid solutions. The TWB produced through biological processes underwent comprehensive analysis using techniques such as X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurement (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The bioengineered TWB's exceptional crystalline properties, which closely resemble the monoclinic structure of bulk TWB, were confirmed by the XRD analysis. Based on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data, the synthesis of TWB Nanoparticles resulted in the formation of spherical particles with an approximate diameter of 40 nm, accompanied by a substantial surface area of 285.55 m²/g. The Pseudo-Second-Order model, which best captured Levofloxacin's adsorption characteristics, was evaluated on the TWB, and the results showed that external mass transfer was the main determinant of response rate. It was also found that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. The system was optimized using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) methodology. The achieved removal capacity of 1119.19 mg/g utilizing the tested adsorbent was determined to be reasonable when compared to the performance of other previously used adsorbents when evaluating the effectiveness of eliminating LEV. The process of LEV adsorption onto TWB involves a number of different mechanisms, such as ion exchange, π-π interactions, electrostatic pore filling, and hydrogen bonding. Following extensive testing in connection with a real-world sample, the adsorbent demonstrated remarkable efficacy, and it maintained good performance even after undergoing three further regeneration cycles. By adjusting the annealing temperature, we controlled the synthesis of TWB nanoparticles across a range of sizes in order to maximize their antibacterial capabilities. This research utilized a pair of Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and a pair of Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of TWB.

Benzothiazole-pyridone and benzothiazole-pyrazole clubbed emissive azo dyes and dyeing application on polyester fabric: UPF, biological, photophysical and fastness properties with correlative computational assessments

Positional isomers of benzothiazole-pyridone and benzothiazole-pyrazole containing disperse azo dyes are reported. These heterocyclic azo dyes are decorated with 'separate ESIPT core' and show emission in seven solvents of different polarity. After application on polyester fabric, "very good to excellent" light and washing fastness properties were observed. Thermal stability of 'dyed fabric' was analysed by sublimation fastness test- and found 'very good to excellent' ratings at 210 °C. Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) analysis of four 'dyed fabric' indicates the blocking 96-97% of UV radiation. Dyes were found effective on gram positive and negative bacteria by agar diffusion method and all the 'dyed fabrics' also showed more than 92% or 94% reduction of S. aureus or K. pneumoniae respectively by 'AATCC 100' method. Structures of the dyes were optimized using Density Functional Theory (DFT) to deduce stable tautomeric form. Calculated HOMO-LUMO gap is then compared with antibacterial activities. Electrophilicity index and lightfastness property were also compared and found to have very good correlation.