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Yadav N, Mor S, Venkatesu P. The attenuating ability of deep eutectic solvents towards the carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes induced denatured β-lactoglobulin structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37470288 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02908e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The stabilization of proteins has been a major challenge for their practical utilization in industrial applications. Proteins can easily lose their native conformation in the presence of denaturants, which unfolds the protein structure. Since the introduction of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), there are numerous studies in which DESs act as promising co-solvents that are biocompatible with biomolecules. DESs have emerged as sustainable biocatalytic media and an alternative to conventional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). However, the superiority of DESs over the deleterious influence of denaturants on proteins is often neglected. To address this, we present the counteracting ability of biocompatible DESs, namely, choline chloride-glycerol (DES-1) and choline chloride-urea (DES-2), against the structural changes induced in β-lactoglobulin (Blg) by carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CA-MWCNTs). The work is substantiated with various spectroscopic and thermal studies. The spectroscopic results revealed that the fluorescence emission intensity enhances for the protein in DESs. Contrary to this, the emission intensity extremely quenches in the presence of CA-MWCNTs. However, in the mixture of DESs and CA-MWCNTs, there was a slight increase in the fluorescence intensity. Circular dichroism spectral studies reflect the reappearance of the native band that was lost in the presence of CA-MWCNTs, which is a good indicator of the counteraction ability of DESs. Further, thermal fluorescence studies showed that the protein exhibited extremely great thermal stability in both DESs as well as in the mixture of DES-CA-MWCNTs compared to the protein in buffer. This study is also supported by dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements; the results reveal that DESs were successfully able to maintain the protein structure. The addition of CA-MWCNTs results in complex formation with the protein, which is indicated by the increased hydrodynamic size of the protein. The presence of DESs in the mixture of CA-MWCNTs and DESs was quite successful in eliminating the negative impact of CA-MWCNTs on protein structural alteration. DES-1 proved to be superior to DES-2 over counteraction against CA-MWCNTs and maintained the native conformation of the protein. Overall, both DESs act as recoiling media for both native and unfolded (denatured by CA-MWCNTs) Blg structures. Both the DESs can be described as potential co-solvents for Blg with increased structural and thermal stability of the protein. To the best of our knowledge, this study for the first time has demonstrated the role of choline-based DESs in the mixture with CA-MWCNTs in the structural transition of Blg. The DESs in the mixture successfully enhance the stability of the protein by reducing the perturbation caused by CA-MWCNTs and then amplifying the advantages of the DESs present in the mixture. Overall, these results might find implications for understanding the role of DES-CA-MWCNT mixtures in protein folding/unfolding and pave a new direction for the development of eco-friendly protein-protective solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niketa Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.
| | - Sanjay Mor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.
| | - Pannuru Venkatesu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.
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Han Q, Brown SJ, Drummond CJ, Greaves TL. Protein aggregation and crystallization with ionic liquids: Insights into the influence of solvent properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:1173-1190. [PMID: 34735853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been used in solvents for proteins in many applications, including biotechnology, pharmaceutics, and medicine due to their tunable physicochemical and biological properties. Protein aggregation is often undesirable, and predominantly occurs during bioprocesses, while the aggregation process can be reversible or irreversible and the aggregates formed can be native/non-native and soluble/insoluble. Recent studies have clearly identified key properties of ILs and IL-water mixtures related to protein performance, suggesting the use of the tailorable properties of ILs to inhibit protein aggregation, to promote protein crystallization, and to control protein aggregation pathways. This review discusses the critical properties of IL and IL-water mixtures and presents the latest understanding of the protein aggregation pathways and the development of IL systems that affect or control the protein aggregation process. Through this feature article, we hope to inspire further advances in understanding and new approaches to controlling protein behavior to optimize bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Han
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Stuart J Brown
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Tamar L Greaves
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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3
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Singh G, Kaur M, Kaur H, Kang TS. Synthesis and complexation of a new caffeine based surface active ionic liquid with lysozyme in aqueous medium: Physicochemical, computational and antimicrobial studies. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Singh G, Kaur M, Singh D, Kesavan AK, Kang TS. Antimicrobial Colloidal Complexes of Lysozyme with Bio-Based Surface Active Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Medium. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:3791-3800. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for Advance Studies − II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Manvir Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for Advance Studies − II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Drishtant Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Anup Kumar Kesavan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Tejwant Singh Kang
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for Advance Studies − II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
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5
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Singh G, Kaur M, Aswal VK, Kang TS. Aqueous colloidal systems of bovine serum albumin and functionalized surface active ionic liquids for material transport. RSC Adv 2020; 10:7073-7082. [PMID: 35493898 PMCID: PMC9049728 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05549e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physicochemical and computational investigation of complexation between BSA and SAILs with application in material transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- UGC-Centre for Advance Studies – II
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar
- India
| | - Manvir Kaur
- Department of Chemistry
- UGC-Centre for Advance Studies – II
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar
- India
| | - Vinod Kumar Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
| | - Tejwant Singh Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- UGC-Centre for Advance Studies – II
- Guru Nanak Dev University
- Amritsar
- India
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6
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Kumar A, Bhakuni K, Venkatesu P. Strategic planning of proteins in ionic liquids: future solvents for the enhanced stability of proteins against multiple stresses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:23269-23282. [PMID: 31621726 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04772g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) present a vast number of solvents capable of replacing toxic organic solvents in chemical, biotechnology and biomedical applications. ILs are inexpensive and environmentally friendly as the materials can be recycled conveniently. Chemists use a variety of cation and anion combinations to produce an IL that fits the requirements of the sustainable future through the pursuit of greener chemical processes. As such, the development of various types of ILs has been recognized as the emergence of environmentally friendly solvents to attain enhanced protein stability in vitro. The literature survey reveals that there exist a large number of scholarly articles as well as elegant reviews on protein stability in ILs. Biomolecules have adapted to antagonistic environmental stresses that normally denature proteins, and the mechanism of adaptation that protects the cellular components against denaturation involves the intracellular concentration of co-solvents. In this regard, recent experimental results distinctly demonstrated that ILs are stabilizing proteins against denaturing stresses, and their presence in the cells does not alter protein functional activities. However, a review focusing particularly on the refolding and counteracting effects of the ILs against denatured proteins by multiple stresses is still missing. This perspective unveils the studies that have been conducted to improve protein stabilities with ILs as well as the refolding and counteracting abilities of these ILs against the denatured proteins under the influence of multiple stresses. We believe that ILs can provide significant environmental and economic advantages for biochemical processes in the near future. Essentially, numerous investigations are required to allow us to further explore the stabilizing properties of ILs over proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awanish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007, India.
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7
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Patel BK, Sepay N, Mahapatra A. Curious Results in the Prospective Binding Interactions of the Food Additive Tartrazine with β-Lactoglobulin. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:11579-11589. [PMID: 31385703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The detailed characterizations of the binding interactions between food additive tartrazine (TZ) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) have been investigated through spectroscopic techniques combined with a molecular modeling study. A series of analyses, such as hyperchromic change in the UV-visible spectra, temperature-dependent quenching constant, time-resolved fluorescence, and Rayleigh scattering measurements, show that quenching of β-LG proceeds by a static quenching mechanism. TZ specifically binds with β-LG in a stoichiometry ratio of 1:1, and the observed binding constants (104, K) are 7.64, 9.13, 9.72, and 10.79 at 293, 298, 303, and 308 K, respectively. However, the curious results of binding constants (K) with temperature, encountered in the static quenching, have been well explained on the basis of Le Chatelier's principle. Thermodynamic data and pH-dependent studies along with the surface hydrophobicity binding displacement assay reveal that the durable mode of binding is chiefly entropy-driven, revealing noteworthy interactions of such ionic molecules with the hydrophobic part of β-LG. The modulation of protein conformation has been investigated through steady-state absorption spectroscopy, synchronous emission spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and dynamic light scattering studies. TZ acts as a potential inhibitor in fibrillogenesis. Furthermore, the molecular docking study offers accurate insights about the binding of TZ with β-LG, in consistence with the experimental results. This study would be helpful in pharmaceutical, food, and industrial engineering chemistry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biman Kumar Patel
- Department of Chemistry , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - Nayim Sepay
- Department of Chemistry , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700 032 , India
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Sindhu A, Mogha NK, Venkatesu P. Insight into impact of choline-based ionic liquids on bovine β-lactoglobulin structural analysis: Unexpected high thermal stability of protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 126:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Horn JM, Kapelner RA, Obermeyer AC. Macro- and Microphase Separated Protein-Polyelectrolyte Complexes: Design Parameters and Current Progress. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E578. [PMID: 30960562 PMCID: PMC6523202 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-containing polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) are a diverse class of materials, composed of two or more oppositely charged polyelectrolytes that condense and phase separate near overall charge neutrality. Such phase-separation can take on a variety of morphologies from macrophase separated liquid condensates, to solid precipitates, to monodispersed spherical micelles. In this review, we present an overview of recent advances in protein-containing PECs, with an overall goal of defining relevant design parameters for macro- and microphase separated PECs. For both classes of PECs, the influence of protein characteristics, such as surface charge and patchiness, co-polyelectrolyte characteristics, such as charge density and structure, and overall solution characteristics, such as salt concentration and pH, are considered. After overall design features are established, potential applications in food processing, biosensing, drug delivery, and protein purification are discussed and recent characterization techniques for protein-containing PECs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Horn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Rachel A Kapelner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Allie C Obermeyer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Singh G, Singh G, Kancharla S, Kang TS. Complexation Behavior of β-Lactoglobulin with Surface Active Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solutions: An Experimental and Computational Approach. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:2169-2181. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b11610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for Advance Studies—II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Gurbir Singh
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for Advance Studies—II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Srinivasarao Kancharla
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tejwant Singh Kang
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for Advance Studies—II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
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