1
|
Cairone S, Hegab HM, Khalil H, Nassar L, Wadi VS, Naddeo V, Hasan SW. Novel eco-friendly polylactic acid nanocomposite integrated membrane system for sustainable wastewater treatment: Performance evaluation and antifouling analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168715. [PMID: 38008330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Water contamination caused by heavy metals, nutrients, and organic pollutants of varying particle sizes originating from domestic and industrial processes poses a significant global challenge. There is a growing concern, particularly regarding the presence of heavy metals in freshwater sources, as they can be toxic even at low concentrations, posing risks to human health and the environment. Currently, membrane technologies are recognized as effective and practical for treating domestic and industrial wastewater. However, these technologies are hindered by fouling issues. Furthermore, the utilization of conventional membranes leads to the accumulation of non-recyclable synthetic polymers, commonly used in their production, resulting in adverse environmental consequences. In light of our previously published studies on environmentally friendly, biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposite mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), we selected two top-performing PLA-based ultrafiltration nanocomposite membranes: one negatively charged (PLA-M-) and one positively charged (PLA-M+). We integrated these membranes into systems with varying arrangements to control fouling and eliminate heavy metals, organic pollutants, and nutrients from raw municipal wastewater collected by the local wastewater treatment plant in Abu Dhabi (UAE). The performance of two integrated systems (i.e., PLA-M+/PLA-M- and PLA-M-/PLA-M+) was compared in terms of permeate flux, contaminant removal efficiencies, and fouling mitigation. The PLA-M+/PLA-M- system achieved removal efficiencies of 79.6 %, 92.6 %, 88.7 %, 85.2 %, 98.9 %, 94 %, 83.3 %, and 98.3 % for chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate (NO3--N), phosphate (PO43--P), ammonium (NH4+-N), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu), respectively. On the other hand, the PLA-M-/PLA-M+ system recorded removal efficiencies of 85.8 %, 95.9 %, 100 %, 81.9 %, 99.3 %, 91.9 %, 72.9 %, and 98.9 % for COD, NO3--N, PO43--P, NH4+-N, Fe, Zn, Ni, and Cu, respectively. Notably, the PLA-M-/PLA-M+ system demonstrated superior antifouling resistance, making it the preferred integrated system. These findings demonstrate the potential of eco-friendly PLA nanocomposite UF-MMMs as a promising alternative to petroleum-based polymeric membranes for efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cairone
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II #1320, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Hanaa M Hegab
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hiyam Khalil
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Civil Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lobna Nassar
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Civil Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vijay S Wadi
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vincenzo Naddeo
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II #1320, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Shadi W Hasan
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Purushothaman M, Harikrishnan A, Senthil Kumar P, George J, Rangasamy G, Vaidyanathan VK. Enhancement of antifouling properties, metal ions and protein separation of poly(ether-ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membranes by incorporation of poly ethylene glycol and n-ZnO. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114696. [PMID: 36328226 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Composite polymeric membranes with enhanced anti-fouling properties, antimicrobial activities and flux were produced via the phase inversion technique using poly (ether-ether-sulfone) (PEES)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) and n-ZnO. SEM and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy were used to study the morphological and chemical properties of the resulting ultrafiltration membranes. PEG and n-ZnO concentration has an effect on membrane morphologies, ultrafiltration performance, thermal characteristics, metal ion separation studies, surface hydrophilicity and anti-fouling capabilities. The permeate flux increased when the PEG concentration was raised. This results revealed that adding PEG and n-ZnO to membranes increased their surface hydrophilicity and anti-fouling properties. The inclusion of 1.5 wt % n-ZnO and 5 wt % PEG to the pristine PEES membrane resulted in a higher flux of 233.76 L m-2 h-1, 70.09 % of water content, 47.46° of contact angle, the porosity of 30.20 %, and hydraulic resistance of 0.22 kPa/Lm-2h-1. Anti-fouling properties of the fabricated membrane were assessed using a model foulant BSA, which revealed a high flux recovery ratio value. As a result, the PEG and n-ZnO incorporated membrane is more hydrophilic than the virgin membrane. In addition, the prepared PEES/PEG/n-ZnO membrane showed a significant increase in metal ions and protein rejection. Furthermore, an antibacterial test of the membrane revealed that the PEG and n-ZnO composite membrane outperformed the bare PEES membrane in terms of antibacterial capabilities. Overall, the findings reveal that combining n-ZnO and PEG resulted in a membrane with improved anti-fouling capabilities and hydrophilicity, making it suitable for water purification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adhikesavan Harikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Science, AVIT Campus, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation, Paiyanoor, Chennai - 603104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
| | - Jenet George
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, - 603 203, India
| | - Gayathri Rangasamy
- University Centre for Research and Development & Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab - 140413, India
| | - Vinoth Kumar Vaidyanathan
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, - 603 203, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jana A, Bergsman DS, Grossman JC. Adsorption-based membranes for air separation using transition metal oxides. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:4502-4512. [PMID: 36133475 PMCID: PMC9418459 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00307k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we use computational modeling to examine the viability of adsorption-based pore-flow membranes for separating gases when a purely size-based separation strategy is ineffective. Using molecular dynamics simulations of O2 and N2, we model permeation through a nanoporous graphene membrane. Permeation is assumed to follow a five-step adsorption-based pathway, with desorption being the rate-limiting step. Using this model, we observe increased selectivity between O2 and N2, resulting from increased adsorption energy differences. We explore the limits of this strategy, providing an initial set of constraints that need to be satisfied to allow for selectivity. Finally, we provide a preliminary exploration of some transition metal oxides that appear to satisfy those conditions. Using density functional theory calculations, we confirm that these oxides possess adsorption energies needed to operate as adsorption-based pore-flow membranes. These adsorption energies provide a suitable motivation to examine adsorption-based pore-flow membranes as a viable option for air separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Jana
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - David S Bergsman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Jeffrey C Grossman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lim YJ, Lee SM, Wang R, Lee J. Emerging Materials to Prepare Mixed Matrix Membranes for Pollutant Removal in Water. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:508. [PMID: 34357158 PMCID: PMC8304803 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Various pollutants of different sizes are directly (e.g., water-borne diseases) and indirectly (e.g., accumulation via trophic transfer) threatening our water health and safety. To cope with this matter, multifaceted approaches are required for advanced wastewater treatment more efficiently. Wastewater treatment using mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) could provide an excellent alternative since it could play two roles in pollutant removal by covering adsorption and size exclusion of water contaminants simultaneously. This paper provides an overview of the research progresses and trends on the emerging materials used to prepare MMMs for pollutant removal from water in the recent five years. The transition of the research trend was investigated, and the most preferred materials to prepare MMMs were weighed up based on the research trend. Various application examples where each emerging material was used have been introduced along with specific mechanisms underlying how the better performance was realized. Lastly, the perspective section addresses how to further improve the removal efficiency of pollutants in an aqueous phase, where we could find a niche to spot new materials to develop environmentally friendly MMMs, and where we could further apply MMMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jie Lim
- Singapore Membrane Technology Center, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore;
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Graduate College, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - So Min Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Korea;
| | - Rong Wang
- Singapore Membrane Technology Center, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore;
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jaewoo Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Korea;
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar I, Ranjan P, Quaff AR. Cost-effective synthesis and characterization of CuO NPs as a nanosize adsorbent for As (III) remediation in synthetic arsenic-contaminated water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 18:1131-1140. [PMID: 33312629 PMCID: PMC7721762 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The lower concentration of arsenic in the groundwater is serious health concerns of the people who are continuously taking from their drinking water. In this study, synthetic arsenic-contaminated water was prepared in the laboratory with varying concentrations of arsenic (100 to 1000 μg/L) and treated by nanosize adsorbent (copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs)). The colloidal and powder form of CuO NPs were synthesized in the laboratory by the hydrothermal technique on a large scale and their shape and size were confirmed by XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and HRTEM analysis. It was found 30 ± 2 nm as size and spherical shape. The equilibrium adsorption of As (III) occurred at 90 min of contact time, pH 7.5, and 4 g/L adsorbent dosage. The maximum percent removal of As (III) was reached to 97.8, 94.6, 91.5, and 88.4% at an initial arsenic concentration of 100, 200, 500, and 1000 μg/L, respectively. The adsorption of As (III) followed pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm model. Moreover, the overall cost of the synthesized CuO NPs (including material, operational, manpower, and transport cost with other overhead charges) was Rs. 281.832 g-1, which is lesser than the market price (Rs. 500.018 g-1). Hence, the optimized adsorption design would help for the efficient removal of As (III) from aqueous medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indrajeet Kumar
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Priya Ranjan
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Patna, 800005 India
| | - Abdur Rahman Quaff
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Patna, 800005 India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pishnamazi M, Koushkbaghi S, Hosseini SS, Darabi M, Yousefi A, Irani M. Metal organic framework nanoparticles loaded- PVDF/chitosan nanofibrous ultrafiltration membranes for the removal of BSA protein and Cr(VI) ions. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Patil H, Shanmugam V, Marathe K. Studies in synthesis and modification of PES membrane and its application for removal of reactive black 5 dye. Chem Ind 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2020.1822761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hrushikesh Patil
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Vignesh Shanmugam
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Kumudini Marathe
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liao Z, Nguyen MN, Wan G, Xie J, Ni L, Qi J, Li J, Schäfer AI. Low pressure operated ultrafiltration membrane with integration of hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres for effective removal of micropollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 397:122779. [PMID: 32387831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An effective way to remove micropollutants is desirable for water purification. In this work, a dual-functional ultrafiltration (DFUF) membrane was fabricated by loading hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (HMCNs) into the finger-like support layer pores of the polymeric ultrafiltration (UF) membrane. The designed DFUF membrane combines the high selectivity of ultrafiltration that removes macromolecules based on size exclusion mechanism, and excellent adsorption capacity of HMCNs towards micropollutants in water. When tetracycline (TCN) and 17β-Estradiol (E2) were selected as model micropollutants, corresponding 97 % and 94 % removal were achieved at a low pressure less than 0.15 bar and a flux of 50 and 64 L h-1 m-2 (estimated residence time less than 6 s), respectively. Moreover, simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants was demonstrated by filtering a mixture containing TCN and polyethylene glycols (PEG) 600 kDa macromolecules. Over a long filtration period (more than 60 h) that produced 3180 L/m2 of permeate, the TCN concentration reduced from 100 μg/L in the feed to less than 10 μg/L in the permeate. The above results indicate that the DFUF membrane is capable of removing the small molecular and macromolecular pollutants simultaneously at low pressure, and hence offers remarkable potential in water treatment applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Minh Nhat Nguyen
- Membrane Technology Department, Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG-MT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Gaojie Wan
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jia Xie
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Linhan Ni
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Junwen Qi
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Andrea Iris Schäfer
- Membrane Technology Department, Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG-MT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Collation Efficiency of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) and Alginate Membranes with Iron-Based Magnetic Organic/Inorganic Fillers in Pervaporative Dehydration of Ethanol. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13184152. [PMID: 32961950 PMCID: PMC7560291 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid poly(vinyl alcohol) and alginate membranes were investigated in the process of ethanol dehydration by pervaporation. As a filler, three types of particles containing iron element, i.e., hematite, magnetite, and iron(III) acetyloacetonate were used. The parameters describing transport properties and effectiveness of investigated membranes were evaluated. Additionally, the physico-chemical properties of the resulting membranes were studied. The influence of polymer matrix, choice of iron particles and their content in terms of effectiveness of membranes in the process of ethanol dehydration were considered. The results showed that hybrid alginate membranes were characterized by a better separation factor, while poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes by a better flux. The best parameters were obtained for membranes filled with 7 wt% of iron(III) acetyloacetonate. The separation factor and pervaporative separation index were equal to 19.69 and 15,998 g⋅m−2⋅h−1 for alginate membrane and 11.75 and 14,878 g⋅m−2⋅h−1 for poly(vinyl alcohol) membrane, respectively.
Collapse
|
10
|
Improved permeation, separation and antifouling performance of customized polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membranes. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
11
|
Li M, Wang J, Zhou S, Xue A, Wu F, Zhao Y. Polyacrylonitrile-supported self-aggregation crosslinked poly (vinyl alcohol) pervaporation membranes for ethanol dehydration. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
12
|
Rezania H, Vatanpour V, Arabpour A, Shockravi A, Ehsani M. Structural manipulation of PES constituents to prepare advanced alternative polymer for ultrafiltration membrane. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Rezania
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryKharazmi University, P.O. Box 15719‐14911 Tehran Iran
| | - Vahid Vatanpour
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryKharazmi University, P.O. Box 15719‐14911 Tehran Iran
| | - Atefeh Arabpour
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryKharazmi University, P.O. Box 15719‐14911 Tehran Iran
| | - Abbas Shockravi
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryKharazmi University, P.O. Box 15719‐14911 Tehran Iran
| | - Morteza Ehsani
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14965/115 Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Novel polyphenylsulfone (PPSU)/nano tin oxide (SnO2) mixed matrix ultrafiltration hollow fiber membranes: Fabrication, characterization and toxic dyes removal from aqueous solutions. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
|