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Dmitrenko M, Mikhailovskaya O, Dubovenko R, Kuzminova A, Myznikov D, Mazur A, Semenov K, Rusalev Y, Soldatov A, Ermakov S, Penkova A. Pervaporation Membranes Based on Polyelectrolyte Complex of Sodium Alginate/Polyethyleneimine Modified with Graphene Oxide for Ethanol Dehydration. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1206. [PMID: 38732675 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pervaporation is considered the most promising technology for dehydration of bioalcohols, attracting increasing attention as a renewable energy source. In this regard, the development of stable and effective membranes is required. In this study, highly efficient membranes for the enhanced pervaporation dehydration of ethanol were developed by modification of sodium alginate (SA) with a polyethylenimine (PEI) forming polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) and graphene oxide (GO). The effect of modifications with GO or/and PEI on the structure, physicochemical, and transport characteristics of dense membranes was studied. The formation of a PEC by ionic cross-linking and its interaction with GO led to changes in membrane structure, confirmed by spectroscopic and microscopic methods. The physicochemical properties of membranes were investigated by a thermogravimetric analysis, a differential scanning calorimetry, and measurements of contact angles. The theoretical consideration using computational methods showed favorable hydrogen bonding interactions between GO, PEI, and water, which caused improved membrane performance. To increase permeability, supported membranes without treatment and cross-linked were developed by the deposition of a thin dense layer from the optimal PEC/GO (2.5%) composite onto a developed porous substrate from polyacrylonitrile. The cross-linked supported membrane demonstrated more than two times increased permeation flux, higher selectivity (above 99.7 wt.% water in the permeate) and stability for separating diluted mixtures compared to the dense pristine SA membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Dmitrenko
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Olga Mikhailovskaya
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Roman Dubovenko
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Anna Kuzminova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Danila Myznikov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Anton Mazur
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Konstantin Semenov
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, L'va Tolstogo ulitsa 6-8, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Yury Rusalev
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova St., Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Alexander Soldatov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova St., Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Sergey Ermakov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasia Penkova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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2
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Kujawska A, Kujawski W, Capała W, Kiełkowska U, Plesnar M, Kujawa J. Influence of Process Parameters on the Efficiency of Pervaporation Pilot ECO-001 Plant for Raw Ethanol Dehydration. Membranes (Basel) 2024; 14:90. [PMID: 38668118 PMCID: PMC11052157 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Pervaporation is a membrane-based process used for the separation of liquid mixtures. As this membrane process is governed by the differences in the sorption and diffusivities of separated components, close boiling mixtures and azeotropic mixtures can effectively be separated. The dehydration of ethanol is the most common application of hydrophilic pervaporation. The pilot scale properties of hydrophilic composite poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA membrane (PERVAPTM 2200) in contact with wet raw bioethanol are presented. The wet raw bioethanol was composed of ethanol (82.4-89.6 wt%), water (5.9-8.5 wt%), methanol (2.3-6.9 wt%), cyclohexane (0.2-2.4 wt%), higher alcohols (0.2-1.3 wt%), and acetaldehyde (0.004-0.030 wt%). All experiments were performed using a SULZER ECO-001 plant equipped with a 1.5 m2 membrane module. The efficiency of the dehydration process (i.e., membrane selectivity, permeate flux, degree of dehydration) was discussed as a function of the following parameters: the feed temperature, the feed composition, and the feed flow rate through the module. It was found that the low feed flow rate influenced the dehydration efficiency as the enthalpy of evaporation caused a high temperature drop in the module (around 25 °C at a feed flow rate equal to 5 kg h-1). The separation coefficient during pervaporation was in the range of 600-1200, depending on the feed composition. The increase in temperature augmented the permeation flux and shortened the time needed to reach the assumed level of dehydration. It was revealed that dehydration by pervaporation using ECO-001 pilot plant is an efficient process, allowing also to investigate the influence of various parameters on the process efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kujawska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarina Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland (U.K.)
| | - Wojciech Kujawski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarina Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland (U.K.)
| | - Wiesław Capała
- Łukasiewicz Industrial Chemistry Institute, 8 Rydygiera Street, 01-793 Warszawa, Poland; (W.C.)
| | - Urszula Kiełkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarina Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland (U.K.)
| | - Marek Plesnar
- Łukasiewicz Industrial Chemistry Institute, 8 Rydygiera Street, 01-793 Warszawa, Poland; (W.C.)
| | - Joanna Kujawa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarina Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland (U.K.)
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3
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Lamač M, Urbán B, Horáček M, Bůžek D, Leonová L, Stýskalík A, Vykydalová A, Škoch K, Kloda M, Mahun A, Kobera L, Lang K, Londesborough MGS, Demel J. "Activated Borane": A Porous Borane Cluster Polymer as an Efficient Lewis Acid-Based Catalyst. ACS Catal 2023; 13:14614-14626. [PMID: 38026813 PMCID: PMC10660343 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c04011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Borane cluster-based porous covalent networks, named activated borane (ActB), were prepared by cothermolysis of decaborane(14) (nido-B10H14) and selected hydrocarbons (toluene, ActB-Tol; cyclohexane, ActB-cyHx; and n-hexane, ActB-nHx) under anaerobic conditions. These amorphous solid powders exhibit different textural and Lewis acid (LA) properties that vary depending on the nature of the constituent organic linker. For ActB-Tol, its LA strength even approaches that of the commonly used molecular LA, B(C6F5)3. Most notably, ActBs can act as heterogeneous LA catalysts in hydrosilylation/deoxygenation reactions with various carbonyl substrates as well as in the gas-phase dehydration of ethanol. These studies reveal the potential of ActBs in catalytic applications, showing (a) the possibility for tuning catalytic reaction outcomes (selectivity) in hydrosilylation/deoxygenation reactions by changing the material's composition and (b) the very high activity toward ethanol dehydration that exceeds the commonly used γ-Al2O3 by achieving a stable conversion of ∼93% with a selectivity for ethylene production of ∼78% during a 17 h continuous period on stream at 240 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lamač
- Department
of Molecular Electrochemistry and Catalysis, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy
of Sciences Dolejškova 2155, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Béla Urbán
- Department
of Molecular Electrochemistry and Catalysis, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy
of Sciences Dolejškova 2155, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Horáček
- Department
of Molecular Electrochemistry and Catalysis, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy
of Sciences Dolejškova 2155, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Bůžek
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež 1001, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Leonová
- Department
of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Stýskalík
- Department
of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Vykydalová
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež 1001, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Škoch
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež 1001, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Matouš Kloda
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež 1001, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Andrii Mahun
- Department
of Structural Analysis, Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kobera
- Department
of Structural Analysis, Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Lang
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež 1001, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Michael G. S. Londesborough
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež 1001, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Demel
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež 1001, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
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Tang YC, Wang ZS, Yi H, Zhou MY, Zhou DD, Zhang JP, Chen XM. Water-Stable Metal Azolate Frameworks Showing Interesting Flexibilities for Highly Effective Bio ethanol Dehydration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202303374. [PMID: 37040094 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The ethanol/water separation challenge highlights the adsorption capacity/selectivity trade-off problem. We show that the target guest can serve as a gating component of the host to block the undesired guest, giving molecular sieving effect for the adsorbent possessing large pores. Two hydrophilic/water-stable metal azolate frameworks were designed to compare the effects of gating and pore-opening flexibility. Large amounts (up to 28.7 mmol g-1) of ethanol with fuel-grade (99.5%+) and even higher purities (99.9999%+) can be produced in a single adsorption process from not only 95:5 but also 10:90 ethanol/water mixtures. More interestingly, the pore-opening adsorbent possessing large pore apertures showed not only high water adsorption capacity but also exceptionally high water/ethanol selectivity characteristic of molecular sieving. Computational simulations demonstrated the critical role of guest-anchoring aperture for the guest-dominated gating process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heng Yi
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Mu-Yang Zhou
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Chemistry, CHINA
| | | | - Jie-Peng Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 135 Xingang Rd. W., 510275, Guangzhou, CHINA
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5
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Gupta O, Roy S, Rao L, Mitra S. Graphene Oxide-Carbon Nanotube (GO-CNT) Hybrid Mixed Matrix Membrane for Pervaporative Dehydration of Ethanol. Membranes (Basel) 2022; 12:membranes12121227. [PMID: 36557134 PMCID: PMC9783890 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The pervaporation process is an energy-conservative and environmentally sustainable way for dehydration studies. It efficiently separates close boiling point and azeotrope mixtures unlike the distillation process. The separation of ethanol and water is challenging as ethanol and water form an azeotrope at 95.6 wt.% of ethanol. In the last few decades, various polymers have been used as candidates in membrane preparation for pervaporation (PV) application, which are currently used in the preparation of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for ethanol recovery and ethanol dehydration but have not been able to achieve an enhanced performance both in terms of flux and selectivity. Composite membranes comprising of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) incorporated with carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT-COOH), graphene oxide (GO) and GO-CNT-COOH mixtures were fabricated for the dehydration of ethanol by pervaporation (PV). The membranes were characterized with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Raman spectroscopy, Raman imaging, contact angle measurement, and water sorption to determine the effects of various nanocarbons on the intermolecular interactions, surface hydrophilicity, and degrees of swelling. The effects of feed water concentration and temperature on the dehydration performance were investigated. The incorporation of nanocarbons led to an increase in the permeation flux and separation factor. At a feed water concentration of 10 wt.%, a permeation flux of 0.87 kg/m2.h and a separation factor of 523 were achieved at 23 °C using a PVA-GO-CNT-COOH hybrid membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Somenath Mitra
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-973-596-5611; Fax: +1-973-596-3586
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6
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Dmitrenko M, Chepeleva A, Liamin V, Kuzminova A, Mazur A, Semenov K, Penkova A. Novel PDMS-b-PPO Membranes Modified with Graphene Oxide for Efficient Pervaporation Ethanol Dehydration. Membranes (Basel) 2022; 12:membranes12090832. [PMID: 36135851 PMCID: PMC9505798 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Purification and concentration of bioalcohols is gaining new status due to their use as a promising alternative liquid biofuel. In this work, novel high-performance asymmetric membranes based on a block copolymer (BCP) synthesized from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) were developed for enhanced pervaporation dehydration of ethanol. Improvement in dehydration performance was achieved by obtaining BCP membranes with a "non-perforated" porous structure and through surface and bulk modifications with graphene oxide (GO). Formation of the BCP was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The changes to morphology and physicochemical properties of the developed BCP and BCP/GO membranes were studied by scanning electron (SEM) and atomic force (AFM) microscopies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and contact angle measurements. Transport properties of the developed membranes were evaluated by the pervaporation dehydration of ethanol over a wide concentration range (4.4-70 wt.% water) at 22 °C. The BCP (PDMS:PPO:2,4-diisocyanatotoluene = 41:58:1 wt.% composition) membrane modified with 0.7 wt.% GO demonstrated optimal transport characteristics: 80-90 g/(m2h) permeation flux with high selectivity (76.8-98.8 wt.% water in the permeate, separation factor of 72-34) and pervaporation separation index (PSI) of 5.5-2.9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Dmitrenko
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasia Chepeleva
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Vladislav Liamin
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Anna Kuzminova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Anton Mazur
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Konstantin Semenov
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, L’va Tolstogo Ulitsa 6–8, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Anastasia Penkova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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7
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Burts KS, Plisko TV, Prozorovich VG, Melnikova GB, Ivanets AI, Bildyukevich AV. Modification of Thin Film Composite PVA/PAN Membranes for Pervaporation Using Aluminosilicate Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137215. [PMID: 35806220 PMCID: PMC9266310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of the modification of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) selective layer of thin film composite (TFC) membranes by aluminosilicate (Al2O3·SiO2) nanoparticles on the structure and pervaporation performance was studied. For the first time, PVA-Al2O3·SiO2/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes for pervaporation separation of ethanol/water mixture were developed via the formation of the selective layer in dynamic mode. Selective layers of PVA/PAN and PVA-Al2O3·SiO2/PAN membranes were formed via filtration of PVA aqueous solutions or PVA-Al2O3·SiO2 aqueous dispersions through the ultrafiltration PAN membrane for 10 min at 0.3 MPa in dead-end mode. Average particle size and zeta potential of aluminosilicate nanoparticles in PVA aqueous solution were analyzed using the dynamic light scattering technique. Structure and surface properties of membranes were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and water contact angle measurements. Membrane performance was investigated in pervaporation dehydration of ethanol/water mixtures in the broad concentration range. It was found that flux of TFN membranes decreased with addition of Al2O3·SiO2 nanoparticles into the selective layer due to the increase in selective layer thickness. However, ethanol/water separation factor of TFN membranes was found to be significantly higher compared to the reference TFC membrane in the whole range of studied ethanol/water feed mixtures with different concentrations, which is attributed to the increase in membrane hydrophilicity. It was found that developed PVA-Al2O3·SiO2/PAN TFN membranes were more stable in the dehydration of ethanol in the whole range of investigated concentrations as well as at different temperatures of the feed mixtures (25 °C, 35 °C, 50 °C) compared to the reference membrane which is due to the additional cross-linking of the selective layer by formation hydrogen and donor-acceptor bonds between aluminosilicate nanoparticles and PVA macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsiaryna S. Burts
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (K.S.B.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Tatiana V. Plisko
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (K.S.B.); (A.V.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vladimir G. Prozorovich
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (V.G.P.); (A.I.I.)
| | - Galina B. Melnikova
- A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Andrei I. Ivanets
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (V.G.P.); (A.I.I.)
| | - Alexandr V. Bildyukevich
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (K.S.B.); (A.V.B.)
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8
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Duan M, Hu C, Li H, Chen Y, Chen R, Gong W, Lu Z, Zhang N, Long R, Song L, Xiong Y. Synergizing Inter and Intraband Transitions in Defective Tungsten Oxide for Efficient Photocatalytic Alcohol Dehydration to Alkenes. JACS Au 2022; 2:1160-1168. [PMID: 35647591 PMCID: PMC9131368 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis under mild conditions is an intriguing avenue for organic chemical manufacturing to confront the serious fossil energy crisis. Herein, we report a direct light-driven alkene production through alcohol dehydration, using nonstoichiometric tungsten oxide of W18O49 nanowires with abundant lattice defects as a photocatalyst. A representative ethylene (C2H4) production rate of 275.5 mmol gcat -1 h-1 is achieved from ethanol (C2H5OH) dehydration, together with excellent selectivity up to 99.9%. The universality of our approach is further demonstrated with other alcohol dehydration. Combining ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy with in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we underline that the inter- and intraband transitions synergistically contribute to such excellent activity. In particular, the intraband transition excites the electrons in defect bands into an energetically "hot" state, largely alleviating the charge recombination. As a result, the C-OH bond of chemisorbed C2H5OH molecules can be effectively dissociated to furnish the formation of C=C bonds. Our work offers a fresh insight into sustainable alkene production with renewable energy input under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Duan
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation
Laboratory, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Institute
of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National
Science Center, 350 Shushanhu
Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Canyu Hu
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation
Laboratory, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hao Li
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material Science and Technology,
School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Engineering Research
Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Yihong Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation
Laboratory, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ruitian Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation
Laboratory, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wanbing Gong
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation
Laboratory, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhou Lu
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material Science and Technology,
School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Engineering Research
Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department
of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ran Long
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation
Laboratory, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Li Song
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation
Laboratory, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, and National Synchrotron Radiation
Laboratory, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Institute
of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National
Science Center, 350 Shushanhu
Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material Science and Technology,
School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Engineering Research
Center of Carbon Neutrality, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
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9
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Grzybek P, Turczyn R, Dudek G. Mixed Manganese Dioxide on Magnetite Core MnO 2@Fe 3O 4 as a Filler in a High-Performance Magnetic Alginate Membrane. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14247667. [PMID: 34947261 PMCID: PMC8707341 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The process of ethanol dehydration via pervaporation was performed using alginate membranes filled with manganese dioxide and a mixed filler consisting of manganese dioxide on magnetite core MnO2@Fe3O4 particles. The crystallization of manganese dioxide on magnetite nanoparticle surface resulted in a better dispersibility of this mixed filler in polymer matrix, with the preservation of the magnetic properties of magnetite. The prepared membranes were characterized by contact angle, degree of swelling and SEM microscopy measurements and correlated with their effectiveness in the pervaporative dehydration of ethanol. The results show a strong relation between filler properties and separation efficiency. The membranes filled with the mixed filler outperformed the membranes containing only neat oxide, exhibiting both higher flux and separation factor. The performance changed depending on filler content; thus, the presence of optimum filler loading was observed for the studied membranes. The best results were obtained for the alginate membrane filled with 7 wt.% of mixed filler MnO2@Fe3O4 particles. For this membrane, the separation factor and flux equalled to 483 and 1.22 kg·m−2·h−1, respectively.
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10
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Zhang X, Zhan ZM, Cheng FY, Xu ZL, Jin PR, Liu ZP, Ma XH, Xu XR, Van der Bruggen B. Thin-Film Composite Membrane Prepared by Interfacial Polymerization on the Integrated ZIF-L Nanosheets Interface for Pervaporation Dehydration. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:39819-39830. [PMID: 34375531 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thin-film composite (TFC) membranes are attracting wide attention because their ultrathin selective layer usually corresponds to the higher membrane flux for pervaporation. However, the direct preparation of the TFC membranes on ceramic substrates confronted with the great difficulties because the larger pores on ceramic substrate surfaces are detrimental to the formation of an intact polyamide (PA) selective layer produced by interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction. Here, the integrated ZIF-L nanosheets were proposed to be used as an assistance interlayer for the first time to eliminate the existence of the pores of the ceramic support, and provides a better basis for the formation of an intact PA selective layer by IP reaction between TMC and ethylenediamine (EDA). The experimental data obtained in pervaporation (PV) show that the increased flux from 1.1 to 2.9 kg/m2h corresponds to the decreased separation factor from 396 to 110 when the feed concentration of ethanol decreases from 95 wt % to 80 wt % at 50 °C. In addition, the membrane flux increases from 0.8 to 2.5 kg/m2h with a change of the separation factor from 683 to 111 when the operational temperature varies from 30 to 60 °C. These results demonstrate the great potential of the fabricated TFC membranes in practical application for PV dehydration of organic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Center, Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Zi-Ming Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Center, Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Yi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Center, Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Center, Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Rui Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Ze-Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Center, Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Center, Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ru Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Center, Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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11
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Khivantsev K, Jaegers NR, Kwak JH, Szanyi J, Kovarik L. Precise Identification and Characterization of Catalytically Active Sites on the Surface of γ-Alumina*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17522-17530. [PMID: 33904227 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
γ-alumina is one of the oldest and most important commercial catalytic materials with high surface area and stability. These attributes enabled its use as the first commercial large-scale heterogeneous catalyst for ethanol dehydration. Despite progress in materials characterization the nature of the specific sites on the surface of γ-alumina that are responsible for its unique catalytic properties has remained obscure and controversial. By using combined infrared spectroscopy, electron microscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance measurements we identify the octahedral, amphoteric (O)5 Al(VI)-OH sites on the (100) segments of massively restructured (110) facets on typical rhombus-platelet γ-alumina as well as the (100) segments of irrational surfaces (invariably always present in all γ-alumina samples) responsible for its unique catalytic activity. Such (O)5 Al(VI)-OH sites are also present on the macroscopically defined (100) facets of γ-alumina with elongated/rod-like geometry. The mechanism by which these sites lose -OH groups upon thermal dehydroxylation resulting in coordinatively unsaturated penta-coordinate Al+3 O5 sites is clarified. These coordinatively unsaturated penta-coordinate Al sites produce well-defined thermally stable Al-carbonyl complexes. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the nature of coordinatively unsaturated Al sites on the surface of γ-alumina and their role as catalytically active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Khivantsev
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Nicholas R Jaegers
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Ja-Hun Kwak
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Janos Szanyi
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Libor Kovarik
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
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12
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Iadrat P, Horii N, Atithep T, Wattanakit C. Effect of Pore Connectivity of Pore-Opened Hierarchical MOR Zeolites on Catalytic Behaviors and Coke Formation in Ethanol Dehydration. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:8294-8305. [PMID: 33560823 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The hierarchical zeolite is one of the most promising materials for catalytic applications. However, the effect of its pore connectivity on catalytic behaviors and coke formation has not clearly been revealed. In this contribution, we demonstrate the visualization of the mesopore architecture in three-dimensional perspectives together with the pore connectivity network of pore-opened hierarchical mordenite (MOR), fabricated by the seed-assisted template-free synthesis followed by the fluoride treatment via the electron tomography (ET) technique. Interestingly, the pore-opened zeolites clearly display higher catalytic performance (approximately 80% of ethylene yield) in ethanol dehydration with respect to the parent one due to their additional pore-opened structures connected to the external surfaces of zeolites. In addition, the effect of pore connectivity network on the coke location and type obtained from ethanol conversion has been observed. It was found that the porous structure of the etched sample is directly connected to the external surface, and then, the large area of crystals can contribute to the reaction. Conversely, only a small amount of closed mesopores is observed inside the crystals in the case of the untreated sample, and therefore, the molecules cannot easily penetrate inside crystals for the catalytic reaction. These results open up promising perspectives for the development of hierarchical catalysts including fabrication by the template-free synthesis approach, pore-architecture characterization, and catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ploychanok Iadrat
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanocatalysts and Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment Research Network of NANOTEC, and Frontier Research Center (FRC), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Noritaka Horii
- Engineering Division, System in Frontier Inc., Tachikawa-shi, Tokyo 190-0012, Japan
| | - Thassanant Atithep
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanocatalysts and Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment Research Network of NANOTEC, and Frontier Research Center (FRC), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Chularat Wattanakit
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanocatalysts and Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment Research Network of NANOTEC, and Frontier Research Center (FRC), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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13
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Dudek G, Turczyn R, Djurado D. Collation Efficiency of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) and Alginate Membranes with Iron-Based Magnetic Organic/Inorganic Fillers in Pervaporative Dehydration of Ethanol. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E4152. [PMID: 32961950 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid poly(vinyl alcohol) and alginate membranes were investigated in the process of ethanol dehydration by pervaporation. As a filler, three types of particles containing iron element, i.e., hematite, magnetite, and iron(III) acetyloacetonate were used. The parameters describing transport properties and effectiveness of investigated membranes were evaluated. Additionally, the physico-chemical properties of the resulting membranes were studied. The influence of polymer matrix, choice of iron particles and their content in terms of effectiveness of membranes in the process of ethanol dehydration were considered. The results showed that hybrid alginate membranes were characterized by a better separation factor, while poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes by a better flux. The best parameters were obtained for membranes filled with 7 wt% of iron(III) acetyloacetonate. The separation factor and pervaporative separation index were equal to 19.69 and 15,998 g⋅m−2⋅h−1 for alginate membrane and 11.75 and 14,878 g⋅m−2⋅h−1 for poly(vinyl alcohol) membrane, respectively.
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14
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Tresatayawed A, Glinrun P, Autthanit C, Jongsomjit B. Pd Modification and Supporting Effects on Catalytic Dehydration of Ethanol to Ethylene and Diethyl Ether over W/TiO 2 Catalysts. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:503-515. [PMID: 32378552 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess19220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the palladium (Pd) modification and supporting effect of W/TiO2 catalysts on catalytic ethanol dehydration to ethylene and diethyl ether were investigated. The Pd modification with different sequence of Pd and W impregnation on the catalysts was prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation technique. The catalyst characterization and activity testing revealed that the different sequence during impregnation influenced the physicochemical properties and ethanol conversion of catalyst. The differences in structure and surface properties were investigated by XRD, BET, SEM, EDX, XPS and NH3-TPD. Upon the reaction temperature between 200 to 400°C, it was found that the conversion increased with increasing of temperature for all catalysts. The Pd incorporated into catalysts enhanced the ethanol conversion depending on the sequence of impregnation. At low temperature (ca. 200 to 300°C), diethyl ether is a major product and the Pd modification over W/TiO2 catalyst resulted in increased diethyl ether yield. This is because an increase of ethanol conversion was obtained with Pd modification, while diethyl ether selectivity did not change. This can be attributed to the higher amount of weak acids sites present after Pd modification into catalyst. Among all catalysts, the PdW/TiO2 catalyst (coimpregnation) achieved the highest diethyl ether yield of 41.4% at 300℃. At high temperature (ca. 350 to 400°C), ethylene is the major product. The W/Pd/TiO2 catalyst (with sequential impregnation of Pd on TiO2 followed by W) exhibited the highest ethylene yield of 68.1% at 400°C. It can be concluded that the modification of Pd onto W/TiO2 upon different sequence of Pd and W impregnation can improve the diethyl ether and ethylene yield in catalytic ethanol dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchale Tresatayawed
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Peangpit Glinrun
- Department of Petrochemicals and Environmental Management, Faculty of Engineering, Pathumwan Institute of Technology
| | - Chaowat Autthanit
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Bunjerd Jongsomjit
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University
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15
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Khamkeaw A, Asavamongkolkul T, Perngyai T, Jongsomjit B, Phisalaphong M. Interconnected Micro, Meso, and Macro Porous Activated Carbon from Bacterial Nanocellulose for Superior Adsorption Properties and Effective Catalytic Performance. Molecules 2020; 25:E4063. [PMID: 32899569 PMCID: PMC7570849 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The porous carbon (bacterial cellulose (BC)-activated carbon (AC)(BA)) prepared via two-step activation of bacterial nanocellulose by treatments with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and then phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solutions showed superior adsorption properties and effective performance as catalyst support. BC-AC(BA) had an open and interconnected multi-porous structure, consisting of micropores (0.23 cm3/g), mesopores (0.26 cm3/g), and macropores (4.40 cm3/g). The BET surface area and porosity were 833 m2/g and 91.2%, respectively. The methylene blue adsorption test demonstrated that BC-AC(BA) was superior in its mass transfer rate and adsorption capacities. Moreover, BC-AC(BA) modified by H3PO4 treatment showed a significant enhancement of catalytic performance for dehydration of ethanol. At the reaction temperature of 250-400 °C, 30P/BC-AC(BA) gave ethanol conversion at 88.4-100%, with ethylene selectivity of 82.6-100%, whereas, high selectivity for diethyl ether (DEE) at 75.2%, at ethanol conversion of 60.1%, was obtained at the reaction temperature of 200 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnon Khamkeaw
- Bio-Circular-Green-economy Technology & Engineering Center, BCGeTEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (A.K.); (T.A.); (T.P.); (B.J.)
- Center of Excellence on Catalyst and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tatdanai Asavamongkolkul
- Bio-Circular-Green-economy Technology & Engineering Center, BCGeTEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (A.K.); (T.A.); (T.P.); (B.J.)
| | - Tianpichet Perngyai
- Bio-Circular-Green-economy Technology & Engineering Center, BCGeTEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (A.K.); (T.A.); (T.P.); (B.J.)
| | - Bunjerd Jongsomjit
- Bio-Circular-Green-economy Technology & Engineering Center, BCGeTEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (A.K.); (T.A.); (T.P.); (B.J.)
- Center of Excellence on Catalyst and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Muenduen Phisalaphong
- Bio-Circular-Green-economy Technology & Engineering Center, BCGeTEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (A.K.); (T.A.); (T.P.); (B.J.)
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Valadares DS, Clemente MCH, de Freitas EF, Martins GAV, Dias JA, Dias SCL. Niobium on BEA Dealuminated Zeolite for High Selectivity Dehydration Reactions of Ethanol and Xylose into Diethyl Ether and Furfural. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10071269. [PMID: 32610528 PMCID: PMC7407447 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the role of solid-state dealumination by (NH4)2SiF6 (25% Al removal and 13% Si insertion), the impregnation of niobium (10, 18, and 25 wt. %) on dealuminated *BEA (DB) zeolite and their catalytic properties in ethanol and xylose transformations. Among all the studied catalysts, 18%Nb-DB showed increased mesoporosity and external areas. A leveling effect in the number and strength of the proposed two sites (Brønsted and Lewis) present in the catalyst (n1 = 0.24 mmol g-1, -ΔH1 = 49 kJ mol-1, and n2 = 0.20 mmol g-1, -ΔH2 = 42 kJ mol-1) in the catalyst 18%Nb-DB, might be responsible for its good activity. This catalyst presented the highest selectivity for diethyl ether, DEE (97%) with 61% conversion after 50 ethanol pulses at 230 °C (turnover number, TON DEE = 1.15). These features allowed catalytically fruitful bonding of the ethanol molecules to the neighboring sites on the channels, facilitating bimolecular ether formation through a possible SN2 mechanism. The same catalyst was active and selective for transformation of xylose at 180 °C, showing 64% conversion and 51% selectivity for furfural (TON Furfural = 24.7) using water as a green solvent.
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17
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Nikbakht Fini M, Soroush S, Montazer-Rahmati MM. Synthesis and Optimization of Chitosan Ceramic-Supported Membranes in Pervaporation Ethanol Dehydration. Membranes (Basel) 2018; 8:membranes8040119. [PMID: 30513597 PMCID: PMC6315938 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8040119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, ceramic-supported chitosan hybrid membranes were prepared for the pervaporation dehydration of ethanol. Mullite and combined mullite-alumina (50% alumina content) tubular low-cost ceramic supports were fabricated, and their influence on membrane performance was compared to a commercial α-alumina support. The membrane preparation parameters were different ceramic supports and the concentration of chitosan solution (varying from 2 wt.% to 4 wt.%). The supports and hybrid membranes were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and contact angle measurements. The results show, with increasing chitosan concentration, the permeability decreases, and selectivity increases. It was also found that the separation factor decreases with increasing feed temperature and feed water content, while the permeation flux increases. The membrane that was coated on α-alumina support with a 3 wt.% chitosan concentration exhibited the best pervaporation performance, leading to a permeation flux and separation factor of 352 g·m−2·h−1 and 200 for 90 wt.% ethanol in feed at 60 °C, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Nikbakht Fini
- Section of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark.
| | - Sepideh Soroush
- Research Center for Membrane Separation Processes, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684613114, Iran.
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Kamsuwan T, Jongsomjit B. Characterization of Different Si- and Al-based Catalysts with Pd Modification and Their Use for Catalytic Dehydration of Ethanol. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:1005-1014. [PMID: 30068826 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the production of ethylene and diethyl ether from ethanol via catalytic dehydration using Si- and Al-based catalysts with Pd modification. First, six catalysts including H-beta zeolite (HBZ), mixed phases of γ-χ-Al2O3 (M-Al) and γ-Al2O3 (G-Al) with and without Pd modification (0.5 wt%) were prepared. The catalytic dehydration of vaporized ethanol at temperature ranging from 200 to 400°C was performed over the catalysts. For ethylene production, the most promising catalyst is HBZ (giving ethylene yield of ca. 99% at 400°C), whereas Pd modification has no significant effect on ethylene production. Considering the production of diethyl ether, it is produced at lower temperature (ca. 250°C) than that of ethylene. The most active catalyst to produce diethyl ether is HBZ with Pd modification (giving diethyl ether yield of ca. 48% at 250°C). Thus, increased diethyl ether yield can be achieved with Pd modification at low temperature for the HBZ catalyst. Other catalysts such as M-Al and G-Al can also produce significant amounts of ethylene. To elucidate the effect of Pd modification on these catalysts, different characterization techniques such as nitrogen physisorption (BET and BJH methods), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ammonia temperature-programmed desorption were performed and further discussed in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanutporn Kamsuwan
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Bunjerd Jongsomjit
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University
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Lee JH, Lee S, Hong SB. Nanocrystalline H-RTH Zeolite: An Efficient Catalyst for the Low-Temperature Dehydration of Ethanol to Ethene. ChemSusChem 2018; 11:2035-2039. [PMID: 29806732 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The low-temperature dehydration of bioethanol is an environmentally benign route to ethene production. Here we compare the catalytic properties of a series of cage-based small-pore zeolites with different framework structures, acid strengths, and/or crystallite sizes for ethanol dehydration at 200 °C under wet conditions (H2 O/EtOH=0.2). Among the zeolites studied here, nanocrystalline H-RTH was found to be considerably more effective than H-mordenite, the best catalyst for this reaction known to date, which can be rationalized by product shape selectivity. Whereas the acidity of this zeolite also plays a crucial role in selectively forming ethene, its nanocrystallinity is primarily responsible for the observed high catalyst durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hwan Lee
- Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Sujin Lee
- Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Suk Bong Hong
- Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
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Autthanit C, Jongsomjit B. Production of Ethylene through Ethanol Dehydration on SBA-15 Catalysts Synthesized by Sol-gel and One-step Hydrothermal Methods. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:235-243. [PMID: 29367488 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work deals with the catalytic performance of SBA-15 supported catalysts in the gas phase catalytic dehydration of ethanol in the temperature range of 200 to 400°C. The SBA-15 support was incorporated on a zirconium (Zr) and bimetal of zirconium and lanthanum (Zr-La) prepared by sol-gel (SG) and hydrothermal (HT) methods. The catalysts were characterized by means of N2 physisorption, SEM/EDX, and NH3-TPD. The experimental results demonstrated that the Zr-La/SBA-15-HT exhibited the highest catalytic activity. Ethanol conversion and ethylene selectivity were found to increase with increased reaction temperature. The best catalytic results were achieved for Zr-La/SBA-15-HT indicating values of ethanol conversion and ethylene yield of ca. 84% and 80%, respectively at 400°C. The most important parameter influencing their catalytic properties appears to be the interaction between metal and support depending on different methods. The metal dispersion inside the siliceous matrix of SBA-15 has a direct influence on their surface acidity. Meanwhile, the performance of these SBA-15 supported catalysts in ethanol dehydration is also related with the alteration of surface acidity caused by the introduction of Zr and Zr-La.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowat Autthanit
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University
| | - Bunjerd Jongsomjit
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University
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González-Navarrete P, Schlangen M, Wu XN, Schwarz H. Unravelling Mechanistic Aspects of the Gas-Phase Ethanol Conversion: An Experimental and Computational Study on the Thermal Reactions of MO2 (+) (M=Mo, W) with Ethanol. Chemistry 2016; 22:3077-83. [PMID: 26834042 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The ion/molecule reactions of molybdenum and tungsten dioxide cations with ethanol have been studied by Fourier transform ion-cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Dehydration of ethanol has been found as the dominant reaction channel, while generation of the ethyl cation corresponds to a minor product. Cleary, the reactions are mainly governed by the Lewis acidity of the metal center. Computational results, together with isotopic labeling experiments, show that the dehydration of ethanol can proceed either through a conventional concerted [1,2]-elimination mechanism or a step-wise process; the latter occurs via a hydroxyethoxy intermediate. Formation of C2 H5 (+) takes place by transfer of OH(-) from ethanol to the metal center of MO2 (+) . The molybdenum and tungsten dioxide cations exhibit comparable reactivities toward ethanol, and this is reflected in similar reaction rate constants and branching ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Schlangen
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany), Fax
| | - Xiao-Nan Wu
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany), Fax
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany), Fax.
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Kim BC, Yamamoto T, Kim YH. In-Line Measurement of Water Contents in Ethanol Using a Zeolite-Coated Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Sensors (Basel) 2015; 15:27273-82. [PMID: 26516859 PMCID: PMC4634433 DOI: 10.3390/s151027273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was utilized to measure the water content in ethanol. For the improvement of measurement sensitivity, the QCM was modified by applying zeolite particles on the surface with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) binder. The measurement performance was examined with ethanol of 1% to 5% water content in circulation. The experimental results showed that the frequency drop of the QCM was related with the water content though there was some deviation. The sensitivity of the zeolite-coated QCM was sufficient to be implemented in water content determination, and a higher ratio of silicon to aluminum in the molecular structure of the zeolite gave better performance. The coated surface was inspected by microscopy to show the distribution of zeolite particles and PMMA spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Chul Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Kyungnam College of Information & Technology, Pusan 617-701, Korea.
| | - Takuji Yamamoto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Hyogo, Himeji 671-2201, Japan.
| | - Young Han Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University, Pusan 604-714, Korea.
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