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Xu T, Ju X, Tang H, Xiang W. Research on Enhancing the Comprehensive Performance of Fir Wood through Chemical Modification with a Biobased Unsaturated Polyester. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:28816-28826. [PMID: 38973938 PMCID: PMC11223232 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Fir wood was modified using epoxy soybean oil, diethylene glycol, and maleic anhydride as raw materials to enhance its mechanical properties, thermal stability, and water resistance. Diethylene glycol first opens the epoxy ring of the soybean oil and then reacts with maleic anhydride to produce an esterification reaction. The product modifies the fir wood through a chemical impregnation method. A systematic evaluation of the modified wood's weight gain ratio, density, mechanical properties, thermal stability, water resistance, and microstructural changes was conducted. The results show that the compressive strength increased from 38.1 to 94.9 MPa, the water absorption rate decreased from 158.03 to 6.93%, and the thermal stability was also enhanced. This study provides a simple, low-cost, and green method for improving the comprehensive performance of fast-growing fir wood, offering new insights for achieving sustainable development and green chemical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Xu
- Faculty
of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University
of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Xinran Ju
- Faculty
of Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Hui Tang
- Faculty
of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University
of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Wenli Xiang
- Faculty
of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University
of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China
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2
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Losio S, Cifarelli A, Vignali A, Tomaselli S, Bertini F. Flexible Polyurethane Foams from Bio-Based Polyols: Prepolymer Synthesis and Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4423. [PMID: 38006146 PMCID: PMC10675359 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-polyols (BPOs), characterized by a hydroxyl number up to around 90 mg KOH/g, narrow polydispersity index and relatively low molecular mass up to 2000 g/mol, were synthetized from partially and completely epoxidized soybean and linseed oils and caprylic acid or 3-phenyl butyric acid. These BPOs were used in the presence of toluene diisocyanate to produce polyurethane (PU) foams by using a quasi-prepolymer method involving a two-step reaction. A detailed structural investigation of the prepolymers from toluene diisocyanate and both BPOs and polypropylene glycol was conducted by SEC and solution NMR. The apparent density of the foams was in the range of 40-90 kg/m3, with higher values for foams from the aromatic acid. All the foams showed an open-cell structure with uniform and regular shape and uniform size. The specific Young's moduli and compression deflection values suggest superior mechanical properties than the reference foams. The novel synthesized polyurethanes are excellent candidates to partially replace petroleum-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Losio
- Institute for Chemical Sciences and Technologies “G. Natta” National Research Council, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (A.V.); (S.T.); (F.B.)
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3
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Ernzen JR, Covas JA, Marcos-Fernández A, Fiorio R, Bianchi O. Soybean-Based Polyol as a Substitute of Fossil-Based Polyol on the Synthesis of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes: The Effect of Its Content on Morphological and Physicochemical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4010. [PMID: 37836059 PMCID: PMC10574837 DOI: 10.3390/polym15194010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) are remarkably versatile polymers due to the wide range of raw materials available for their synthesis, resulting in physicochemical characteristics that can be tailored according to the specific requirements of their final applications. In this study, a renewable bio-based polyol obtained from soybean oil is used for the synthesis of TPU via reactive extrusion, and the influence of the bio-based polyol on the multi-phase structure and properties of the TPU is studied. As raw materials, 4,4'-diphenylmethane (MDI), 1,4-butanediol, a fossil-based polyester polyol, and a bio-based polyol are used. The fossil-based to soybean-based polyol ratios studied are 100/0, 99/1, 95/5, 90/10, 80/20, and 50/50% by weight, respectively. The TPUs were characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), gel content analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and contact angle measurements. The results reveal that incorporating the renewable polyol enhances the compatibility between the rigid and flexible segments of the TPU. However, due to its high functionality, the addition of soybean-based polyol can promote cross-linking. This phenomenon reduces the density of hydrogen bonds within the material, also reducing polarity and restricting macromolecular mobility, as corroborated by higher glass transition temperature (Tg) values. Remarkably, the addition of small amounts of the bio-based polyol (up to 5 wt.% of the total polyol content) results in high-molecular-weight TPUs with lower polarity, combined with suitable processability and mechanical properties, thus broadening the range of applications and improving their sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano R. Ernzen
- Mantoflex Poliuretanos, Caxias do Sul 95045175, Brazil;
- PGMAT, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070560, Brazil
| | - José A. Covas
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - Angel Marcos-Fernández
- Elastomers Group, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (ICTP-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rudinei Fiorio
- Department of Circular Chemical Engineering, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Geleen, The Netherlands;
| | - Otávio Bianchi
- PGMAT, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070560, Brazil
- Department of Materials Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040040, Brazil
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4
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Polaczek K, Kurańska M, Malewska E, Czerwicka-Pach M, Prociak A. From Bioresources to Thermal Insulation Materials: Synthesis and Properties of Two-Component Open-Cell Spray Polyurethane Foams Based on Bio-Polyols from Used Cooking Oil. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6139. [PMID: 37763416 PMCID: PMC10532658 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Open-cell spray polyurethane foams are widely used as highly efficient thermal insulation materials with vapor permeability and soundproofing properties. Unfortunately, for the production of commercial foams, mainly non-renewable petrochemical raw materials are used. The aim of this study was to determine the possibility of completely replacing petrochemical polyols (the main raw material used in the synthesis of polyurethanes, alongside isocyanates) with bio-polyols obtained from used cooking oils, classified as waste materials. The research consisted of three stages: the synthesis of bio-polyols, the development of polyurethane foam systems under laboratory conditions, and the testing of developed polyurethane spray systems under industrial conditions. The synthesis of the bio-polyols was carried out by using two different methods: a one-step transesterification process using triethanolamine and a two-step process of epoxidation and opening oxirane rings with diethylene glycol. The obtained bio-polyols were analyzed using gel chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The developed polyurethane foam formulations included two types of fire retardants: halogenated tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) and halogen-free triethyl phosphate (TEP). In the formulations of polyurethane systems, reactive amine catalysts were employed, which become incorporated into the polymer matrix during foaming, significantly reducing their emission after application. The foams were manufactured on both a laboratory and industrial scale using high-pressure spray machines under conditions recommended by commercial system manufacturers: spray pressure 80-100 bar, component temperature 45-52 °C, and component volumetric ratio 1:1. The open-cell foams had apparent densities 14-21.5 kg/m3, thermal conductivity coefficients 35-38 mW/m∙K, closed-cell contents <5%, water vapor diffusion resistance factors (μ) <6, and limiting oxygen indexes 21.3-21.5%. The properties of the obtained foams were comparable to commercial materials. The developed polyurethane spray systems can be used as thermal insulation materials for insulating interior walls, attics, and ceilings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Polaczek
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Maria Kurańska
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Elżbieta Malewska
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.K.); (E.M.)
| | | | - Aleksander Prociak
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.K.); (E.M.)
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5
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Putrawan IDGA, Azharuddin A, Jumrawati J. Preparing epoxidized vegetable oil from waste generated by the kapok fiber industry and assessing its thermal stabilization effect as a co-stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19624. [PMID: 37810066 PMCID: PMC10558881 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the epoxidation of vegetable oil derived from waste kapok seeds using performic acid, which was generated in situ with sulfuric acid acting as a catalyst. The mole ratio of formic acid to double bonds varied between 0.25 and 1.00. The completion of the reaction has been verified by analyzing FTIR and NMR spectra. The resulting epoxidized kapok seed oil (EKSO) has a maximum oxirane oxygen content of 2.7%, achieved at a formic acid to double bond mole ratio of 0.5. The study has also examined the potential use of EKSO as a co-stabilizer in the presence of Ca/Zn stearate for stabilizing polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Both static and dynamic tests demonstrated that incorporating EKSO into the Ca/Zn stearate system leads to a significant increase in the thermal stability of PVC. Moreover, the effectiveness of EKSO as a co-stabilizer was found to be comparable to that of epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). However, the use of EKSO did result in a decrease in the strength of PVC due to an increase in plasticity, although this effect was minimal at low dosages and was also observed with ESBO. On the other hand, when utilizing small doses (<2 phr), there is a tendency for flowability to decrease, but the reduction is not significant either. Overall, these findings suggest that EKSO could be a valuable co-stabilizer for PVC in industrial applications, as it enhances PVC's thermal stability without significantly compromising its mechanical and flow properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Dewa Gede Arsa Putrawan
- Chemical Engineering Product Design and Development Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Adli Azharuddin
- Chemical Engineering Product Design and Development Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Jumrawati Jumrawati
- Master Program in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
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6
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Sundang M, Nurdin NS, Saalah S, Singam YJ, Al Edrus SSO, Ismail NM, Sipaut CS, Abdullah LC. Synthesis of Jatropha-Oil-Based Polyester Polyol as Sustainable Biobased Material for Waterborne Polyurethane Dispersion. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183715. [PMID: 36145855 PMCID: PMC9500860 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of vegetable oil in the production of polymeric material has gained interest due to its proven ability to replace nonrenewable petroleum sources, as it is readily modified via chemical reaction to produce polyol and subsequently for polyurethane production. Jatropha oil (JO), a second-generation feedstock, is one of the suitable candidates for polyester polyol synthesis because it contains a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids. In this study, jatropha-based polyester polyols (JOLs) with different hydroxyl values were successfully synthesized via a two-step method: epoxidation followed by oxirane ring-opening reaction. Ring-opening reagents; methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol were used to produce polyol with hydroxyl number of 166, 180, and 189 mg/KOH, respectively. All the synthesized JOLs exhibited a Newtonian to shear thinning behavior in the measured shear rate ranges from 10 to 1000 s−1 at 25 °C. The viscosity of a JOL ring-opened with methanol, isopropanol, and ethanol was 202, 213, and 666 mPa·s, respectively, at 20 °C and 100 s−1, which is within the range of commercially available polyols. Successively, the JOLs were reacted with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) to produce polyurethane prepolymer by utilizing 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) as an emulsifier. The prepolymer was then dispersed in water to produce a waterborne polyurethane dispersion. Colloidal stability of the jatropha-based polyurethane dispersions (JPUDs) were investigated by particle size analysis. A JPUD with a small particle size in the range of 6.39 to 43.83 nm was obtained, and the trend was associated with the soft segment of the polyol in the formulation. The zeta potentials of the JPUs ranged from −47.01 to −88.9 mV, indicating that all synthesized JPUs had high dispersity and stability. The efficient synthesis procedure, low cost, and excellent properties of the resulting product are thought to offer an opportunity to use jatropha oil as a sustainable resource for polyester polyol preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murni Sundang
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Nur Sjanrah Nurdin
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Sariah Saalah
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Yamunah Jaibalah Singam
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Syeed SaifulAzry Osman Al Edrus
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence Wood and Tropical Fibre (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Maizura Ismail
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Coswald Stephen Sipaut
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Luqman Chuah Abdullah
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence Wood and Tropical Fibre (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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7
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Zhou C, Zhang L, Yang Z, Pan Q, He Z, Wang C, Liu Y, Song S, Yang Z, Chen Y, Li P. Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl chitosan/epoxidized soybean oil based conjugate catalyed by UV light, and its application as drug carrier for fusarium wilt. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:11-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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del Caño-Ochoa S, Ruiz-Aracama A, Guillén MD. Individual and Joint Effect of Alpha-Tocopherol and Hydroxytyrosol Acetate on the Oxidation of Sunflower Oil Submitted to Oxidative Conditions: A Study by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061156. [PMID: 35740054 PMCID: PMC9220198 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tackles the individual and joint effect of alpha-tocopherol and hydroxytyrosol acetate on the oxidation of sunflower oil submitted to accelerated storage conditions at intermediate temperature, in order to deepen the understanding of antioxidant–prooxidant behaviour. This was accomplished by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. For this purpose, the evolution of the degradation of both the main components of the oil and the aforementioned added compounds was monitored by this technique throughout the storage time. Furthermore, the formation of a very large number of oxylipins and the evolution of their concentration up to a very advanced stage of oil oxidation, as well as the occurrence of lipolysis, were also simultaneously studied. The results obtained show very clearly and thoroughly that in the oxidation process of the oil enriched in binary mixtures, interactions occur between alpha-tocopherol and hydroxytyrosol acetate that notably reduce the antioxidant effect of the latter compound with the corresponding negative consequences that this entails. The methodology used here has proved to be very efficient to evaluate the antioxidant power of mixtures of compounds.
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9
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Favero D, Marcon V, Agnol LD, Gómez CM, Cros A, Garro N, Sanchis MJ, Carsí M, Figueroa CA, Bianchi O. Effect of chain extenders on the hydrolytic degradation of soybean polyurethane. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Favero
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PGMAT) University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Caxias do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Victória Marcon
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PGMAT) University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Caxias do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Lucas Dall Agnol
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PGMAT) University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Caxias do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Clara M. Gómez
- Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales Universidad de Valencia València Spain
| | - Ana Cros
- Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales Universidad de Valencia València Spain
| | - Nuria Garro
- Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales Universidad de Valencia València Spain
| | - Maria J. Sanchis
- Department of Applied Thermodynamics, Institute of Electric Technology Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
| | - Marta Carsí
- Department of Applied Thermodynamics, Instituto de Automática e Informática Industrial Universitat Politècnica de Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Carlos A. Figueroa
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PGMAT) University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Caxias do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Otávio Bianchi
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PGMAT) University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Caxias do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMAT) Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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10
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Influence of Hydroxytyrosol Acetate Enrichment of an Oil Rich in Omega-6 Groups on the Evolution of Its Oxidation and Oxylipin Formation When Subjected to Accelerated Storage. A Global Study by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040722. [PMID: 35453407 PMCID: PMC9030202 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sunflower oil samples, both unenriched and enriched with four different concentrations of hydroxytyrosol acetate, were subjected to accelerated storage at 70 °C until a very advanced oxidation stage and the process was monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The aim of the study is to know the effect that the presence of this antioxidant has on the oxidation process of sunflower oil under the aforementioned conditions, as well as on the formation and evolution of the concentration of a significant number of oxylipins. The oxidation process was studied globally by monitoring, during storage time, the degradation of both the linoleic acyl group of sunflower oil, which is the main component of sunflower oil, and the added hydroxytyrosol acetate. Simultaneously, the identification of up to twenty-six different types of oxylipins formed in the oxidation process and the monitoring of the evolution of their concentration over the storage time were carried out. In this way, essential information about the effect that hydroxytyrosol acetate provokes on the oxidation of this oil rich in omega-6 polyunsaturated acyl groups, has been obtained. It has also been shown that the enrichment of sunflower oil with this antioxidant under the conditions tested does not prevent the oxidation process but slows it down, affecting the entire oxidation process.
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11
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Favero D, Marcon V, Figueroa CA, Gómez CM, Cros A, Garro N, Sanchis MJ, Carsí M, Bianchi O. Effect of chain extender on the morphology, thermal, viscoelastic, and dielectric behavior of soybean polyurethane. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Favero
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Engenharia e Ciência dos Materiais – PGMAT Universidade de Caxias do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil
| | - Victória Marcon
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Engenharia e Ciência dos Materiais – PGMAT Universidade de Caxias do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Figueroa
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Engenharia e Ciência dos Materiais – PGMAT Universidade de Caxias do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil
| | - Clara M. Gómez
- Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales (ICMUV) Universidad de Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Ana Cros
- Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales (ICMUV) Universidad de Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Nuria Garro
- Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales (ICMUV) Universidad de Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Maria J. Sanchis
- Department of Applied Thermodynamics Institute of Electric Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
| | - Marta Carsí
- Department of Applied Thermodynamics Instituto de Automática e Informática Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Otávio Bianchi
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Engenharia e Ciência dos Materiais – PGMAT Universidade de Caxias do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil
- LAPol‐Departamento de Engenharia dos Materiais Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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12
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Freites Aguilera A, Rahkila J, Hemming J, Nurmi M, Torres G, Razat T, Tolvanen P, Eränen K, Leveneur S, Salmi T. Epoxidation of Tall Oil Catalyzed by an Ion Exchange Resin under Conventional Heating and Microwave Irradiation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Freites Aguilera
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Jani Rahkila
- Instrument Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Jarl Hemming
- Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Maristiina Nurmi
- Laboratory of Paper Coating and Converting, Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Gaetan Torres
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
- Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rouen, FR-76800 Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray, France
| | - Théophile Razat
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
- Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rouen, FR-76800 Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray, France
| | - Pasi Tolvanen
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Kari Eränen
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Sébastien Leveneur
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
- Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rouen, FR-76800 Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray, France
| | - Tapio Salmi
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
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13
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He W, Kang P, Fang Z, Hao J, Wu H, Zhu Y, Guo K. Flow Reactor Synthesis of Bio-Based Polyol from Soybean Oil for the Production of Rigid Polyurethane Foam. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peng Kang
- SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jingying Hao
- The Research Institute of SINOPEC Co., Ltd, Tianjin Branch, Tianjin 10000, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yuchen Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Effects of DOPO-Grafted Epoxidized Soybean Oil on Fracture Toughness and Flame Retardant of Epoxy Resin/Rice Husk Silica Hybrid. Macromol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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