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Bakari Z, Fichera M, El Ghadraoui A, Renai L, Giurlani W, Santianni D, Fibbi D, Bruzzoniti MC, Del Bubba M. Biochar from co-pyrolysis of biological sludge and woody waste followed by chemical and thermal activation: end-of-waste procedure for sludge management and biochar sorption efficiency for anionic and cationic dyes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:35249-35265. [PMID: 38720130 PMCID: PMC11136814 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33577-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Nine biochars were produced by co-pyrolysis of sawdust and biological sludge following the "design of experiment" approach. Two kinds of sludge (both deriving from the treatment of mixed industrial-municipal wastewater) and two types of woody waste were selected as categorical predicting variables, while contact time, pyrolysis temperature, and sludge percentage were used as quantitative variables. Biochars were analysed for their product characteristics and environmental compatibility based on the European Standards (EN 12915-1:2009) for materials intended for water treatment (i.e. ash content, water leachable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and elements), as well as for specific surface area (SSA), using them as response variables of a multivariate partial least square multiple regression, whose results provided interesting insights on the relationships between pyrolysis conditions and biochar characteristics. Biochars produced with sludge and/or providing the highest SSA values (258-370 m2 g-1) were selected to undergo a sustainable chemical treatment using a by-product of the gasification of woody biomass, complying in all cases with European Standards and achieving therefore the end-of-waste status for sewage sludge. The biochar deriving from the highest percentage of sludge (30% by weight) and with the highest SSA (390 m2 g-1) was thermally activated achieving SSA of 460 m2 g-1 and then tested for the sorption of direct yellow 50 and methylene blue in ultrapure water and real wastewater, compared to a commercial activated carbon (AC). The biochar showed Langmuir sorption maxima (Qm) 2-9 times lower than AC, thus highlighting promising sorption performances. Qm for methylene blue in wastewater (28 mg‧g-1) was confirmed by column breakthrough experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaineb Bakari
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Laboratory of Environmental Engineering and Ecotechnology (LR16ES19), National Engineering School of Sfax, Route de La Soukra Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Michelangelo Fichera
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Ayoub El Ghadraoui
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lapo Renai
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Walter Giurlani
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Fibbi
- Gestione Impianti di Depurazione Acque (G.I.D.A.) S.P.A, Via di Baciacavallo 36, 59100, Prato, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Del Bubba
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Zhang J, Liu J, Gao B, Sillanpää M, Han J. The efficiency and mechanism of excess sludge-based biochar catalyst in catalytic ozonation of landfill leachate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132118. [PMID: 37494792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, biochar was produced based on dehydrated excess sludge from the municipal wastewater treatment plant, which was used for catalytic ozonation of pollutants derived from landfill leachate. The necessary catalytic sites in the structure of biochar were originated from the inorganic metals and organic matters in the sludge, which included a large number of functional groups (e.g., C-C, CO, etc.), adsorbed oxygen (Oads accounted for 44.82%) and electron defects (ID/IG=1.01). These active sites could promote the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (e.g., ·OH,·O2-, etc.). The synergistic interaction between the microorganisms in the activated sludge also facilitated the removal rates of pollutants. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Deinococcu-Thermus were crucial in the bioreactor. In 16 days of reaction, the removal ratios of NH+4-N and COD were 98.95 ± 0.11% and 90.89 ± 0.47%, respectively. This study not only explains the mechanism of catalytic ozonation of biochar, but also provides a new way of the practical treatment of landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jiadong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Bo Gao
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jin Han
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Cavali M, Benbelkacem H, Kim B, Bayard R, Libardi Junior N, Gonzaga Domingos D, Woiciechowski AL, Castilhos Junior ABD. Co-hydrothermal carbonization of pine residual sawdust and non-dewatered sewage sludge - effect of reaction conditions on hydrochar characteristics. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 340:117994. [PMID: 37119630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Waste valorization is mandatory to develop and consolidate a circular bioeconomy. It is necessary to search for appropriate processes to add value to different wastes by utilizing them as feedstocks to provide energy, chemicals, and materials. For instance, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an alternative thermochemical process that has been suggested for waste valorization aiming at hydrochar production. Thus, this study proposed the Co-HTC of pine residual sawdust (PRS) with non-dewatered sewage sludge (SS) - two wastes largely produced in sawmills and wastewater treatment plants, respectively - without adding extra water. The influence of temperature (180, 215, and 250 °C), reaction time (1, 2, and 3 h), and PRS/SS mass ratio (1/30, 1/20, and 1/10) on the yield and characteristics of the hydrochar were evaluated. The hydrochars obtained at 250 °C had the best coalification degree, showing the highest fuel ratio, high heating value (HHV), surface area, and N, P, and K retention, although presenting the lowest yields. Conversely, hydrochar functional groups were generally reduced by increasing Co-HTC temperatures. Regarding the Co-HTC effluent, it presented acidic pH (3.66-4.39) and high COD values (6.2-17.3 g·L-1). In general, this new approach could be a promising alternative to conventional HTC, in which a high amount of extra water is required. Besides, the Co-HTC process can be an option for managing lignocellulosic wastes and sewage sludges while producing hydrochar. This carbonaceous material has the potential for several applications, and its production is a step towards a circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Cavali
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-970, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | | | - Boram Kim
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, DEEP, EA 7429, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Rémy Bayard
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, DEEP, EA 7429, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nelson Libardi Junior
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-970, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Dayane Gonzaga Domingos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-970, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Adenise Lorenci Woiciechowski
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-908, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Armando Borges de Castilhos Junior
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-970, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Zając-Woźnialis A, Kruszelnicka I, Zembrzuska J, Ginter-Kramarczyk D, Ochowiak M, Krupińska A. Efficiency of Diclofenac Removal Using Activated Sludge in a Dynamic System (SBR Reactor) with Variable Parameters of pH, Concentration, and Sludge Oxygenation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1422. [PMID: 36837051 PMCID: PMC9959338 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, traditional wastewater treatment systems have not been adapted to remove micropollutants, including pharmaceutical substances, which, even at low concentrations, cause adverse changes in aquatic and terrestrial living organisms. The problem of drug residues in the environment has been noticed; however, no universal legal regulations have been established for concentrations of these compounds in treated wastewater. Hence, the aim of the article was to determine the possibility of increasing the efficiency of diclofenac removal from activated sludge using the designed SBR reactor. This study included six cycles, working continuously, where each of them was characterized by changing conditions of pH, oxygenation, and composition of the synthetic medium. In each cycle, three concentrations of diclofenac were analyzed: 1 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L for the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4 d and the sludge retention time (SRT) of 12 d. The highest removal efficiency was achieved in the first test cycle for pH of natural sediment at the level of 6.7-7.0 (>97%), and in the third test cycle at pH stabilized at 6.5 (>87%). The reduced content of easily assimilable carbon from synthetic medium indicated a removal of >50%, which suggests that carbon in the structure of diclofenac restrained microorganisms to the rapid assimilation of this element. Under half-aerobic conditions, the drug removal effect for a concentration of 10 mg/L was slightly above 60%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zając-Woźnialis
- Department of Biophysics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Izabela Kruszelnicka
- Department of Water Supply and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Zembrzuska
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dobrochna Ginter-Kramarczyk
- Department of Water Supply and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Ochowiak
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Equipment, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andżelika Krupińska
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Equipment, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Abadian S, Shayesteh H, Rahbar-Kelishami A. Effective adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solution using cationic surfactant modified Cuminum cyminum agri-waste: kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 25:840-850. [PMID: 36006042 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2113367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of pharmaceutical pollutants in aqueous media has increased where significant research is being conducted to eliminate these toxic compounds. In the present study, Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) modified Cuminum cyminum agri-waste (CCW) was prepared to investigate the removal of diclofenac sodium (DCF) from aqueous solution in the batch process for the first time. Physical and chemical characterizations of as-prepared adsorbent were conducted using field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption, and point of zero charge analysis. Besides, the effect of the main parameters that affect the adsorption process, i.e., adsorbent dosage (0.25-6 g/L), contact time (0-300 min), initial DCF concentration (10-500 mg/L), and pH of the solution, were investigated. Furthermore, the resulted data were analyzed using various kinetic and isotherm models. The Pseudo-second-order model with R2 = 0.9981 showed the highest agreement with kinetic behavior. Also, the maximum adsorption capacity of DCF is 93.65 mg/g, according to the Langmuir isotherm. In acidic media, the adsorption capacity reached the highest value (44.69 mg/g). As a result, this study revealed that the agri-waste material could be modified and, as a low-cost adsorbent, have promising adsorption potential to remove pharmaceutical contaminants from the aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abadian
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Shayesteh
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Rahbar-Kelishami
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
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Adsorptive Behavior of Cu 2+ and Benzene in Single and Binary Solutions onto Alginate Composite Hydrogel Beads Containing Pitch Pine-Based Biochar. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173468. [PMID: 36080544 PMCID: PMC9460076 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we prepared alginate composite hydrogel beads containing various compositions of biochar produced from pitch pine (Pinus rigida) for the removal of Cu2+ and benzene from model pollutant solutions. The properties of the alginate/biochar hydrogel beads were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer−Emmet−Teller analyses. Adsorption behavior of alginate/biochar hydrogel beads indicated that the adsorption capacities for Cu2+ (28.6−72.7 mg/g) were enhanced with increasing alginate content, whereas the adsorption capacities for benzene (20.0−52.8 mg/g) were improved with increasing biochar content. The alginate/biochar hydrogel beads exhibited similar adsorption capacities for Cu2+ and benzene in the concurrent system with Cu2+ and benzene compared to those in a single pollutant system. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies of the alginate/biochar hydrogel beads followed the pseudo-second-order model (r2 = 0.999 for Cu2+, and r2 = 0.999 for benzene), and Langmuir model (r2 = 0.999 for Cu2+, and r2 = 0.995 for benzene). In addition, alginate/biochar hydrogel beads (containing 1 and 4% biochar) exhibited high reusability (>80%). Therefore, alginate/biochar hydrogel beads can be applied as adsorbents for the removal of multiple pollutants with different properties from wastewater.
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Electrochemical sensors based on sewage sludge-derived biochar for the analysis of anthocyanins in berry fruits. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:6295-6307. [PMID: 35471251 PMCID: PMC9372006 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04062-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The reutilization of waste and the reduction of the general environmental impact of every production are fundamental goals that must be achieved in the framework of a circular economy. Recycled carbon-rich materials may represent a promising alternative to other less-sustainable carbonaceous materials used in the production of electrochemical sensing platforms. Herein, we propose an innovative carbon paste electrode (CPE) composed of biochar derived from biological sludge obtained from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants. The physicochemical properties of the biochar after a chemical treatment with an acidic solution obtained from industrial by-products were investigated. The electrode surface characterization was carried out by analyzing common redox probes and multiple phenols bearing varying numbers of –OH and –OCH3 groups in their structure. Furthermore, the CPE was also tested on the evaluation of the phenolic fingerprints of Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. gaultherioides, and Fragaria × ananassa. Standard anthocyanin mixtures and extracts of the aforementioned fruits were analyzed to provide a phenolic characterization of real samples. The obtained results show that the sewage sludge–derived biochar can be a promising material for the development of electroanalytical sensors.
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Fang Z, Zhou Z, Xue G, Yu Y, Wang Q, Cheng B, Ge Y, Qian Y. Application of sludge biochar combined with peroxydisulfate to degrade fluoroquinolones: Efficiency, mechanisms and implication for ISCO. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:128081. [PMID: 34933257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Peroxydisulfate (PDS) is increasingly used for in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) of organic pollutants in groundwater, but the efficient and applicable activator is still scarce. In this study, sludge-derived biochar (SDBC) was prepared by pyrolysis to activate PDS, which could effectively degrade the fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs, levofloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin). Compared with pig manure and corn straw derived biochar, SDBC showed higher efficiency in PDS activation. Singlet oxygen (1O2) was identified as the major reactive species, and the surface-bonded radicals also contributed to the FQs degradation. The selective oxidation of FQs by 1O2 was first reported, which followed the trend of enrofloxacin ~ levofloxacin > norfloxacin ~ ciprofloxacin. The CO and Fe2+ on SDBC were the dominant reactive sites for PDS activating. Products analysis revealed that FQs degradation proceeds via the cleavage of the piperazine ring, breaking of the quinolone ring, decarboxylation, and defluorination. Moreover, the tertiary amine of N (4) on enrofloxacin was more reactive towards singlet oxygen than the secondary amine of N (4) on ciprofloxacin, inducing the faster degradation and de-toxicity of enrofloxacin in the reaction system. SDBC showed high reusability in PDS activation and negligible metals leachates were detected. The column study proved the efficiency of PDS/SDBC in groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihuang Fang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zilin Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gang Xue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Biran Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yinglong Ge
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yajie Qian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Rangabhashiyam S, Lins PVDS, Oliveira LMTDM, Sepulveda P, Ighalo JO, Rajapaksha AU, Meili L. Sewage sludge-derived biochar for the adsorptive removal of wastewater pollutants: A critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118581. [PMID: 34861332 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The production of biochar from sewage sludge pyrolysis is a promising approach to transform the waste resultant from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to a potential adsorbent. The current review provides an up-to-date review regarding important aspects of sewage sludge pyrolysis, highlighting the process that results major solid fraction (biochar), as high-value product. Further, the physio-chemical characteristics of sewage-sludge derived biochar such as the elemental composition, specific surface area, pore size and volume, the functional groups, surface morphology and heavy metal content are discussed. Recent progress on adsorption of metals, emerging pollutants, dyes, nutrients and oil are discussed and the results are examined. The sewage sludge-derived biochar is a promising material that can make significant contributions on pollutants removal from water by adsorption and additional benefit of the management of huge volume of sewage. Considering all these aspects, this field of research still needs more attention from the researchers in the direction of the technological features and sustainability aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rangabhashiyam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | | | - Pamela Sepulveda
- Centro para el Desarrollo de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología CEDENNA, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Joshua O Ighalo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha
- Instrument Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka; Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Lucas Meili
- Laboratory of Process, Technology Center, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió-AL, Brazil.
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Varsha M, Senthil Kumar P, Senthil Rathi B. A review on recent trends in the removal of emerging contaminants from aquatic environment using low-cost adsorbents. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132270. [PMID: 34560497 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants (ECs), a class of contaminants with low concentrations but significant harm, have received a lot of attention in recent times. ECs comprises of various chemicals that enter the environment every day. In today's modern lifestyle, we use many chemical-based products. These persist in wastewater and ultimately enter the water bodies, causing serious problems to the human and aquatic ecosystem. This is because the conventional wastewater treatment methods are inefficient in identifying and removing such contaminants. Aiming for a long-term, effective solution to this issue, Adsorption was proposed. Although several adsorbents are already present in the market, which have proved beneficial in removing such ECs, not all are affordable. This article reviews replacing costly adsorbents with agriculture-based biomass that are abundant, inexpensive, and biodegradable and possess excellent adsorption capacity. The objectives of this article is to look at adsorption as a viable treatment option for emerging pollutants, as well as sophisticated and cost-effective emerging contaminants treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Varsha
- Deprtament of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Deprtament of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
| | - B Senthil Rathi
- Deprtament of Chemical Engineering, St. Joseph' College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India
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11
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Li D, Cui H, Cheng Y, Xue L, Wang B, He H, Hua Y, Chu Q, Feng Y, Yang L. Chemical aging of hydrochar improves the Cd 2+ adsorption capacity from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117562. [PMID: 34426395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrochar (HC) serves as a promising adsorbent to remove the cadmium from aqueous solution due to porous structure. The chemical aging method is an efficient and easy-operated approach to improve the adsorption capacity of HC. In this study, four chemical aging hydrochars (CAHCs) were obtained by using nitric acid (HNO3) with mass fractions of 5% (N5-HC), 10% (N10-HC), and 15% (N15-HC) to age the pristine HC (N0-HC) and remove the Cd2+ from the aqueous solution. The results displayed that the N15-HC adsorption capacity was 19.99 mg g-1 (initial Cd2+ concentration was 50 mg L-1), which increased by 7.4 folds compared to N0-HC. After chemical aging, the specific surface area and oxygen-containing functional groups of CAHCs were increased, which contributed to combination with Cd2+ by physical adsorption and surface complexation. Moreover, ion exchange also occurred during the adsorption process of Cd2+. These findings have important implications for wastewater treatment to transform the forestry waste into a valuable adsorbent for Cd2+ removal from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detian Li
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain and Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Hongbiao Cui
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, 241003, China
| | - Yueqin Cheng
- Nanjing Station of Quality Protection in Cultivated Land, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Lihong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain and Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Resources and Environment Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse/School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Huayong He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain and Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yun Hua
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qingnan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain and Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain and Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Resources and Environment Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
| | - Linzhang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain and Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
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Mona S, Malyan SK, Saini N, Deepak B, Pugazhendhi A, Kumar SS. Towards sustainable agriculture with carbon sequestration, and greenhouse gas mitigation using algal biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:129856. [PMID: 33636519 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in the world's population, demand for food and other products is continuously rising. This has put a lot of pressure on the agricultural sector. To fulfill these demands, the utilization of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has also increased. Consequently, to overcome the adverse effects of agrochemicals on our environment and health, there has been a shift towards organic fertilizers or other substitutes, which are ecofriendly and help to maintain a sustainable environment. Microalgae have a very high potential of carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing and thus, help in mitigating the greenhouse effect. It is the most productive biological system for generating biomass. The high growth rate and higher photosynthetic efficiency of the algal species compared to the terrestrial plants make them a wonderful alternative towards a sustainable environment. Moreover, they could be cultivated in photobioreactors or open ponds, which in turn reduce the demand for arable land. Biochar derived from algae is high in nutrients and exhibits the property of ion exchange. Therefore, it can be utilized for sustainable agriculture by partial substituting the chemical fertilizers that degrade the fertility of the soil in the long run. This review provides a detailed insight on the properties of algal biochar as a potential fertilizer for sustainable agriculture. Application of algal biochar in bio-refinery and its economic aspects, challenges faced and future perspective are also discusses in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharma Mona
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
| | - Sandeep K Malyan
- Research Management and Outreach Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Jalvigyan Bhawan, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
| | - Neha Saini
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
| | | | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Smita S Kumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology YMCA, Faridabad, India.
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Huang WH, Lee DJ, Huang C. Modification on biochars for applications: A research update. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124100. [PMID: 32950819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochars are the solid product of biomass under pyrolysis or gasification treatment, whose wholesale prices are lower than commercial activated carbons and other fine materials now in use. The employment of biochars as a renewable resource for field applications, if feasible, would gain apparent economic niche. Modification using physical or chemical protocol to revise the surface properties of biochar for reaching enhanced performances of target application has attracted great research interests. This article provided an overview of biochar application, particularly with the respect to the use of modified biochar as preferred soil amendment, adsorbent, electrochemical material, anaerobic digestion promotor, and catalyst. Based on literature works the current research trends and the prospects and research needs were outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Chihpin Huang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30009, Taiwan
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Shirani Z, Song H, Bhatnagar A. Efficient removal of diclofenac and cephalexin from aqueous solution using Anthriscus sylvestris-derived activated biochar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:140789. [PMID: 32721620 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the adsorption of diclofenac (DF) and cephalexin (CPX) by Anthriscus sylvestris-derived activated biochar. The raw biochar (R-BC) and activated biochar (ACT-B) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy and elemental analyses techniques to obtain information regarding the morphology, functional groups and elements of the adsorbents. Batch studies were carried out to examine the effect of various operational parameters. The maximum adsorption capacity of ACT-B was 392.94 mg g-1 for DF and 724.54 mg g-1 for CPX. The removal of DF and CPX was influenced by temperature and the co-existing ions. The kinetic data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, whereas the isotherm data showed the best correlation with Langmuir isotherm model. Electrostatic adsorption, hydrophobic interaction and π-π bonding play a key role in adsorption of both adsorbates by ACT-B. Additionally, column studies were conducted using ACT-B at different flow rates and different concentrations of DF and CPX to investigate the practical applicability of ACT-B in removal of the target contaminants. Thus, this study provides a feasible approach to synthesize activated biochar that can minimize pharmaceuticals pollution in water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shirani
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwnagjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Zhao N, Li B, Huang H, Lv X, Zhang M, Cao L. Modification of kelp and sludge biochar by TMT-102 and NaOH for cadmium adsorption. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Mahmoud ME, Abdelfattah AM, Tharwat RM, Nabil GM. Adsorption of negatively charged food tartrazine and sunset yellow dyes onto positively charged triethylenetetramine biochar: Optimization, kinetics and thermodynamic study. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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