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Satheeshkumar K, Saravanakumar P, Kalavathi A, Vennila KN, Elango KP. Spectroscopic and TD-DFT studies on the chromo-fluorogenic detection of cyanide ions in organic and aquo-organic media. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123054. [PMID: 37364411 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
A new naked-eye chromogenic and fluorogenic probe KS5 has been developed for the detection of CN- ions in neat DMSO and H2O:DMSO (1:1 v/v) media. The probe KS5 exhibited selectivity towards CN- and F- ions in organic and high selectivity towards CN- ions in aquo-organic media resulting in a colour change from brown to colourless and a turn-on fluorescence response. The probe could able to detect CN- ions via a deprotonation process, which was conceived by consecutive addition of hydroxide and hydrogen ions and confirmed using 1H NMR studies. The limit of detection (LOD) of KS5 towards CN- ions were in the range of 0.07-0.62 µM in both these solvent systems. Suppression of intra-molecular charge transfer (ICT) transition and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process of KS5 by the added CN- ions are responsible for the chromogenic and fluorogenic changes observed, respectively. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) calculations strongly supported the proposed mechanism along with the optical properties of the probe before and after the addition of CN- ions. To prove the practical applicability, KS5 was successfully utilized to detect CN- ions in cassava powder and bitter almonds as well as to determine CN- ions in various real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Satheeshkumar
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - P Saravanakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - A Kalavathi
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - K N Vennila
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - Kuppanagounder P Elango
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India.
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Zahid Nasim S, Sarfaraz S, Jan F, Yar M, Ur Rehaman A. Computational insights of excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) based fluorescent detection and imaging of γ-glutamytranspeptidase activity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122814. [PMID: 37201329 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
γ-Glutamytranspeptidase (GGT) is an important tumor biomarker that widely appears in the tumor cells. Therefore, accurate imaging and detection of GGT activity in live cells, serum and pathological cells grasp great importance for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of cancer. Herein, 2-(2-hydroxyl-phenyl)-6-chloro-4-(3H)-quinazolinone (HPQ) is considered as the fluorophore probe for the detection of GGT activity, which is known for the typical mechanism of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). All the simulations adopted to evaluate the sensing mechanism were carried out via DFT and TDDFT calculations at CAM-B3LYP/TZVP level of theory. The emission properties of HPQ and HPQ-TD are thoroughly studied to understand the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process. The results reveal that the fluorescence quenching of HPQ (enol form) is assigned to the PET process, whereas the large Stokes shift in fluorescence emission of HPQ (keto form) is related with ESIPT mechanism. The obtained results are further cross validated by frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis, geometric analysis, and potential energy curve (PEC) scanning. Our calculations provide powerful evidence for the ESIPT based sensing mechanism of HPQ (keto-enol form) for GGT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Zahid Nasim
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sehrish Sarfaraz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Jan
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China.
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Attiq Ur Rehaman
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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Theoretical study on the optical properties of an ESIPT-based fluorescent probe for phosgene. J Mol Model 2022; 28:195. [PMID: 35727345 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05198-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent probe Pi with the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) properties was synthesized and used to detect the phosgene in solution and gas phases. However, the detection mechanism of the fluorescent probe needs to be further studied. Herein, the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) methods were adopted to explore the molecular structures and electronic spectra properties of probe and its product Pio after reacting with phosgene. Through analysis for molecular structure parameters and infrared vibrations accompanied with the hydrogen bond of Pi, it is confirmed that the intramolecular hydrogen bond of Pi is enhanced under light excitation, which illustrates the occurrence of ESIPT reaction combined with the scanned potential energy curves. It can be seen from the simulated spectra that Pi shows double fluorescence through ESIPT process, while the fluorescent product Pio exhibits the single fluorescence due to the disappearance of intramolecular hydrogen bond. Through the study on the structure and optical properties of Pi and Pio, it can be helpful to deeply understand the intrinsic mechanism of the detection of phosgene by the Pi molecule probe, which also supplies a reference to the further study about the fluorescence probe.
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A multi-site probe for selective detection of cyanide and sulphite ions via different mechanisms with concomitant different fluorescent behaviors. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Zhang M, Wang M, Guo Y, Shi Y, Wang J, Chen Y, Zhao C, Zhou Y, Xiao Y, Zhang H, Zhao G. Unveiling the nonadiabatic photoisomerization mechanism of hemicyanines for UV photoprotection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 260:119949. [PMID: 34023551 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the nonadiabatic energy relaxation mechanism of hemicyanines for UV photoprotection were investigated by using the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method for the first time. The absorption spectra and potential energy surfaces (PESs) of four hemicyanines with different positions of substituents were presented. The maximum absorption peaks of the four hemicyanines are located in the UVA region. In addition, all these hemicyanine molecules also have light absorption in both the UVB and UVC regions. At the same time, we found that the trans-cis photoisomerization PESs of all these hemicyanines have a significant conical intersection (CI) point between the first excited state and the ground state. Herein, it was first demonstrated that the UV energy absorbed by the hemicyanines could be dissipated nonadiabatically through the CI point by using the trans-cis photoisomerization dynamics mechanism. This work proves that hemicyanines have the possibility to be applied for UV photoabsorbers, and provides important basis for designing new type of hemicyanines for UV photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163318, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Yurong Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Yanan Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163318, China.
| | - Yibing Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Yongze Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Haoyue Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Guangjiu Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
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A Galactosidase-Activatable Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Bacteria Based on BODIPY. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196072. [PMID: 34641615 PMCID: PMC8512000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic E. coli infection is one of the most widespread foodborne diseases, so the development of sensitive, reliable and easy operating detection tests is a key issue for food safety. Identifying bacteria with a fluorescent medium is more sensitive and faster than using chromogenic media. This study designed and synthesized a β-galactosidase-activatable fluorescent probe BOD-Gal for the sensitive detection of E. coli. It employed a biocompatible and photostable 4,4-difluoro-3a,4a-diaza-s-indancene (BODIPY) as the fluorophore to form a β-O-glycosidic bond with galactose, allowing the BOD-Gal to show significant on-off fluorescent signals for in vitro and in vivo bacterial detection. This work shows the potential for the use of a BODIPY based enzyme substrate for pathogen detection.
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Nelson M, Muniyasamy H, Kubendran AM, Balasubramaniem A, Sepperumal M, Ayyanar S. Carbazole based fluorescent chemosensor for the meticulous detection of tryptamine in aqueous medium and its efficacy in cell-imaging and molecular logic gate. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wang X, Bai T, Chu T. A molecular design for a turn-off NIR fluoride chemosensor. J Mol Model 2021; 27:104. [PMID: 33686496 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We designed a turn-off near-infrared fluorescent fluoride chemosensor NIR-BODIPY-Si through the density functional theory/time-dependent functional theory calculations. In the designed sensor, the tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy moiety responses to the fluoride-triggered desilylation process, and the BODIPY dye serves as fluorophore. The molecular design firstly showed that the possibility of photoinduced electron transfer is low/high in NIR-BODIPY-Si/NIR-BODIPY-O (the desilylation product), thus referring that the fluorescence sensing mechanism is a photoinduced electron transfer mechanism that quenched the sensor's fluorescence after detection of fluoride anions. Absorption and emission spectra further demonstrated that the designed sensor is a near-infrared chemosensor. The largest binding energy between NIR-BODIPY-Si and F- suggests that the sensor has an excellent selectivity to F- and the low barrier of the desilylation reaction accounts for the sensor's rapid response speed to F-. We also provided the synthetic routine for the molecule sensor, with the expectation that this molecular design can shed some light on the experimentally based design procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266235, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxin Bai
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266235, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianshu Chu
- School of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
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Tang Z, Bai T, Zhou P. Sensing Mechanism of a Fluorescent Probe for Cysteine: Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Invalidity of Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6920-6927. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c06171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Tang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Tianxin Bai
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Panwang Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P.R. China
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