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Zarei A, Haghbakhsh R, Raeissi S. Overview and thermodynamic modelling of deep eutectic solvents as co-solvents to enhance drug solubilities in water. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 193:1-15. [PMID: 37838144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The poor water solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is a major challenge in the pharmaceutical industry. Co-solvents are sometimes added to enhance drug dissolution. A novel group of co-solvents, the Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES), have gained interest in the pharmaceutical field due to their good solvent power, biodegradability, sustainability, non-toxicity, and low cost. In this study, we first provide an overview of all the literature solubility studies involving a drug or API + water + DES, which can be a valuable list to some researchers. Then, we analyze these systems with focus on each individual drug/API and provide statistical information on each. A similar analysis is carried out with focus on the individual DESs. An investigation of the numeric values of the water-solubility enhancement by the different DESs for various drugs indicates that DESs are indeed effective co-solvents, with varying degrees of solubility enhancement, even up to 15-fold. This is strongly encouraging, indicating the need for further studies to find the most promising DESs for solubility enhancement. However, time-consuming and costly trial and error should be prevented by first screening, using theoretical-based or thermodynamic-based models. Based on this conclusion, the second part of the study is concerned with investigating and suggesting accurate thermodynamic approaches to tackle the phase equilibrium modeling of such systems. For this purpose, a large data bank was collected, consisting of 2009 solubility data of 25 different drugs/APIs mixed with water and 31 different DESs as co-solvents at various DES concentrations, over wide ranges of temperatures at atmospheric pressure. This data bank includes 107 DES + water + drug/API systems in total. The solubility data were then modeled according to the solid-liquid equilibrium framework, using the local composition activity coefficient models of NRTL, and UNIQUAC. The results showed acceptable behavior with respect to the experimental values and trends for all of the investigated systems, with AARD% values of 9.65 % and 14.08 % for the NRTL and UNIQUAC models, respectively. In general, the lower errors of NRTL, as well as its simpler calculation process and the requirement of fewer component parameters, suggest the priority of NRTL over UNIQUAC for use in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Zarei
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Mollasadra Ave., Shiraz 71348-51154, Iran
| | - Reza Haghbakhsh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Sona Raeissi
- School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Mollasadra Ave., Shiraz 71348-51154, Iran.
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Adhikary S, Al Hoque A, Ray M, Paul S, Hossain A, Goswami S, Dey R. Investigation of Paracetamol Entrapped Nanoporous Silica Nanoparticles in Transdermal Drug Delivery System. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:4712-4727. [PMID: 37273095 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04576-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An effort was made to administer paracetamol drug through transdermal patch, as no such formulation of this drug has been developed yet. The primary cause for the lack of such formulations is paracetamol's poor aqueous solubility. As a result, the current research concentrated on preparing nanomedicines, or drug-loaded nanoparticles, for delivery via transdermal formulations. Nanoparticles can improve the solubility of weakly aqueous soluble or even aqueous insoluble drugs by changing the crystalline structure of loaded medicines to an amorphous state and serving as drug permeation boosters. Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) were synthesized through sol-gel technique to achieve the aforementioned goal. DLS data revealed that the average particle size was around 100-200 nm, which was sufficient to penetrate the skin barrier. XRD analysis showed that the SNPs were amorphous, and the drug molecules lost their crystallinity after encapsulation into the nanoparticles, causing the enhancement of dissolution of drug molecules in physiological pH (pH-7.4). Different kinetic models were employed for the ex vivo dissolution data to evaluate the suitable kinetic model followed by the drug release in both burst and sustained phase. In vivo analgesic study was executed on mice applying each of the transdermal formulations to examine the performances of the patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Adhikary
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
| | - Ashique Al Hoque
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Manisheeta Ray
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Swastik Paul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Subrata Goswami
- Department of Labour, ESI Institute of Pain Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Rajib Dey
- Metallurgical and Material Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Zhan A, Niu D, Li K, Li J. Characterization of some sucrose-based deep eutectic solvents and their effect on the solubility of piroxicam. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Barzegar-Jalali M, Jafari P, Hemmati S, Jouyban A. Equilibrium solubility investigation and thermodynamic aspects of paracetamol, salicylic acid and 5-aminosalicylic acid in polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether 250 + water mixtures. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Cysewski P, Jeliński T, Przybyłek M, Nowak W, Olczak M. Solubility Characteristics of Acetaminophen and Phenacetin in Binary Mixtures of Aqueous Organic Solvents: Experimental and Deep Machine Learning Screening of Green Dissolution Media. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122828. [PMID: 36559321 PMCID: PMC9781932 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients is a mandatory physicochemical characteristic in pharmaceutical practice. However, the number of potential solvents and their mixtures prevents direct measurements of all possible combinations for finding environmentally friendly, operational and cost-effective solubilizers. That is why support from theoretical screening seems to be valuable. Here, a collection of acetaminophen and phenacetin solubility data in neat and binary solvent mixtures was used for the development of a nonlinear deep machine learning model using new intuitive molecular descriptors derived from COSMO-RS computations. The literature dataset was augmented with results of new measurements in aqueous binary mixtures of 4-formylmorpholine, DMSO and DMF. The solubility values back-computed with the developed ensemble of neural networks are in perfect agreement with the experimental data, which enables the extensive screening of many combinations of solvents not studied experimentally within the applicability domain of the trained model. The final predictions were presented not only in the form of the set of optimal hyperparameters but also in a more intuitive way by the set of parameters of the Jouyban-Acree equation often used in the co-solvency domain. This new and effective approach is easily extendible to other systems, enabling the fast and reliable selection of candidates for new solvents and directing the experimental solubility screening of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
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Liu Y, Wu Y, Liu J, Wang W, Yang Q, Yang G. Deep eutectic solvents: Recent advances in fabrication approaches and pharmaceutical applications. Int J Pharm 2022; 622:121811. [PMID: 35550409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have received increasing attention in the past decade owing to their distinguished properties including biocompatibility, tunability, thermal and chemical stability. Particularly, DESs have joined forces in pharmaceutical industry, not only to efficiently separate actives from natural products, but also to dramatically increase solubility and permeability of drugs, both are critical for the drug absorption and efficacy. As a result, lately DESs have been extensively and practically adopted as versatile drug delivery systems for different routes such as nasal, transdermal and oral administration with enhanced bioavailability. This review summarizes the emerging progress of DESs by introducing applied fabrication approaches with advantages and limitations thereof, and by highlighting the pharmaceutical applications of DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yujing Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wenxi Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qingliang Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Gensheng Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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El Masri S, Ruellan S, Zakhour M, Auezova L, Fourmentin S. Cyclodextrin-based low melting mixtures as a solubilizing vehicle: Application to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Application of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as trace level drug extractants and drug solubility enhancers: State-of-the-art, prospects and challenges. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Barzegar-Jalali M, Jafari P, Jouyban A. Acetaminophen solubility in aqueous solutions of betaine-propylene glycol natural deep eutectic solvent at different temperatures. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Sayad T, Poturcu K, Moradi M, Rahimpour E, Zhao H, Jouyban A. Solubility study of carvedilol in the aqueous mixtures of a choline chloride/propylene glycol deep eutectic solvent. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bernal V, Giraldo L, Moreno-Piraján JC. Understanding the solid-liquid equilibria between paracetamol and activated carbon: Thermodynamic approach of the interactions adsorbent-adsorbate using equilibrium, kinetic and calorimetry data. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126432. [PMID: 34174624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we presented the paracetamol-activated carbon interactions and their effect on the adsorption capacity. We evaluated kinetic, equilibrium, and calorimetric data using different solvents (water, HCl 0.1 M, and NaCl 0.1 M) to evaluate the changes in the adsorbent-adsorbate interaction. In addition, the commercial activated carbon (AC) was modified through thermal (ACTT) and chemical (ACNA) methods to change the physicochemical properties of the adsorbents. The relative kinetic constants decrease with the content of basic groups on the activated carbon, indicating a lower influence of diffusion on the adsorption rate when the chemical interactions increase (0.1 ACNA >0.09 AC >0.03 ACTT mmol g-1). The adsorption capacity for AC at acidic pH increases slightly compared to tests carried out in the water. Under this condition, the adsorbed amount of paracetamol was 1.31 mmol g-1. However, the maximum adsorption capacity was achieved on ACTT using water as solvent (1.57 mmol g-1). The paracetamol adsorbed decreases in NaCl (osmotic, ionic strength) on all activated carbons by around 20%. The interaction enthalpy of the paracetamol-activated carbon interaction presents values between - 18.0 and 2.3 J per molecule adsorbed. The Gibbs energy released during the adsorption process is between - 33.1 and - 29.8 kJ mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bernal
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1a No. 18A, 10, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
| | - Liliana Giraldo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
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