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Zhang H, Zheng Y, Wang Z, Dong L, Xue L, Tian X, Deng H, Xue Q, Gao S, Gao Y, Li C, He J. KLF12 interacts with TRIM27 to affect cisplatin resistance and cancer metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating L1CAM expression. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 76:101096. [PMID: 38924996 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) has been characterized as a transcriptional repressor, and previous studies have unveiled its roles in angiogenesis, neural tube defect, and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation. However, the contribution of KLF12 to cancer treatment remains undefined. Here, we show that KLF12 is downregulated in various cancer types, and KLF12 downregulation promotes cisplatin resistance and cancer metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Mechanistically, KLF12 binds to the promoters of L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule (L1CAM) and represses its expression. Depletion of L1CAM abrogates cisplatin resistance and cancer metastasis caused by KLF12 loss. Moreover, the E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif-containing 27 (TRIM27) binds to the N-terminal region of KLF12 and ubiquitinates KLF12 at K326 via K33-linked polyubiquitination. Notably, TRIM27 depletion enhances the transcriptional activity of KLF12 and consequently inhibits L1CAM expression. Overall, our study elucidated a novel regulatory mechanism involving TRIM27, KLF12 and L1CAM, which plays a substantial role in cisplatin resistance and cancer metastasis in ESCC. Targeting these genes could be a promising approach for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; Central Laboratory & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Precision Medicine for Cancers, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China.
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Xu G(B, Pan YX, Mei W, Chen H. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing (scRNA-seq) Identifies L1CAM as a Key Mediator between Epithelial Tuft Cell and Innate Lymphoid Cell in the Colon of Hnrnp I Knockout Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2734. [PMID: 37893107 PMCID: PMC10604312 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Knockout (KO) of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein I (Hnrnp I) in mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) induced a severe inflammatory response in the colon, followed by hyperproliferation. This study aimed to investigate the epithelial lineage dynamics and cell-cell communications that underlie inflammation and colitis. (2) Methods: Single cells were isolated from the colons of wildtype (WT) and KO mice and used in scRNA-seq. Whole colons were collected for immunofluorescence staining and cytokine assays. (3) Results: from scRNA-seq, the number of DCLK1 + colonic tuft cells was significantly higher in the Hnrnp I KO mice compared to the WT mice. This was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining of DCLK1. The DCLK1 + colonic tuft cells in KO mice developed unique communications with lymphocytes via interactions between surface L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) and integrins. In the KO mice colons, a significantly elevated level of inflammatory cytokines IL4, IL6, and IL13 were observed, which marks type-2 immune responses directed by group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). (4) Conclusions: This study demonstrates one critical cellular function of colonic tuft cells, which facilitates type-2 immune responses by communicating with ILC2s via the L1CAM-integrins interaction. This communication promotes pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in ILC2, leading to the increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanying (Bianca) Xu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (G.X.); (Y.-X.P.)
| | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (G.X.); (Y.-X.P.)
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Wenyan Mei
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (G.X.); (Y.-X.P.)
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Tanaka N, Sakamoto T. Mint3 as a Potential Target for Cooling Down HIF-1α-Mediated Inflammation and Cancer Aggressiveness. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020549. [PMID: 36831085 PMCID: PMC9953510 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in cells adapting to a low-oxygen environment by facilitating a switch from oxygen-dependent ATP production to glycolysis. Mediated by membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) expression, Munc-18-1 interacting protein 3 (Mint3) binds to the factor inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH-1) and inhibits its suppressive effect, leading to HIF-1α activation. Defects in Mint3 generally lead to improved acute inflammation, which is regulated by HIF-1α and subsequent glycolysis, as well as the suppression of the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells directly through its expression in cancer cells and indirectly through its expression in macrophages or fibroblasts associated with cancer. Mint3 in inflammatory monocytes enhances the chemotaxis into metastatic sites and the production of vascular endothelial growth factors, which leads to the expression of E-selectin at the metastatic sites and the extravasation of cancer cells. Fibroblasts express L1 cell adhesion molecules in a Mint3-dependent manner and enhance integrin-mediated cancer progression. In pancreatic cancer cells, Mint3 directly promotes cancer progression. Naphthofluorescein, a Mint3 inhibitor, can disrupt the interaction between FIH-1 and Mint3 and potently suppress Mint3-mediated inflammation, cancer progression, and metastasis without causing marked adverse effects. In this review, we will introduce the potential of Mint3 as a therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases and cancers.
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Goyal-Honavar A, Balasundaram A, Thayakaran IP, Babu M, Pai R, Joseph J, Jayachandran R, Chacko AG, Mathew LG, Balakrishnan R, Rajshekhar V, L J, Sudarsanam TD, Chacko G. ZFTA-fusion in supratentorial ependymomas: low prevalence in South Asians and no correlation with survival. World Neurosurg 2022; 164:e82-e90. [PMID: 35378317 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.03.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND - Supratentorial ependymomas (STEs) are an aggressive group of ependymoma, topographically distinct from their posterior fossa and spinal counterparts. ZFTA fusion-positive cases have been reported to account for the majority of STEs, although data on its association with poorer outcomes is inconsistent. MATERIALS AND METHODS - We assessed the prevalence of the ZFTA-fusion by RT PCR and FISH in a cohort of 61 patients (68 samples) with STE. Our primary outcome was to determine the role of the ZFTA-fusion on progression-free and overall survival of patients with STE. Our secondary objectives were to assess the impact of ZFTA-fusion on NF-kB pathway signalling via surrogate markers of this pathway, namely COX-2, CCND1 and L1CAM. RESULTS - ZFTA-fusion was noted in 21.3% of STEs in our cohort. The presence of this rearrangement did not significantly impact the PFS or OS of patients with STEs and was not associated with upregulation of markers of the NF-kB pathway. Only gross total resection was significantly associated with better progression-free survival. CONCLUSION - In contradiction to prior reports from across the world, the ZFTA-fusion is far less prevalent among our population. It does not appear to drive NF-kB signaling or significantly affect outcomes. Gross total resection (GTR) must be attempted in all cases of STE and adjuvant radiation and/or chemotherapy employed when GTR is not achieved.
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Uttarawichien T, Khumsri W, Suwannalert P, Sibmooh N, Payuhakrit W. Onion Peel Extract Inhibits Cancer Cell Growth and Progression through the Roles of L1CAM, NF-κB, and Angiogenesis in HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:330-337. [PMID: 34737994 PMCID: PMC8531428 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.3.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an aggressive malignancy. Critical mechanisms that support CRC progression include cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis, which is associated with L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. In this study, viability of HT-29 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, and cell apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry assays. HT-29 cell migration and invasion were observed by wound healing and Transwell invasion assays, respectively, and tube formation of HUVECs was observed by tubulogenesis assays. L1CAM and NF-κB protein expressions in HT-29 cells treated with onion peel extract were determined by indirect immunofluorescence. Results showed that high dose treatments of onion peel extract inhibited cell viability of both HT-29 cells and HUVECs, induced HT-29 cell apoptosis, and inhibited HT-29 cell migration and invasion. Moreover, onion peel extract decreased total HUVEC tube length and, at a concentration of 10 μg/mL, showed potential to downregulate L1CAM and NF-κB. In conclusion, onion peel extract inhibits HT-29 cell growth, migration, and invasion through suppressing pathways related to angiogenesis downstream of L1CAM-activated NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamonwan Uttarawichien
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Wilunplus Khumsri
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Prasit Suwannalert
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nathawut Sibmooh
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand
| | - Witchuda Payuhakrit
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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6
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Nam JK, Kim AR, Choi SH, Kim JH, Choi KJ, Cho S, Lee JW, Cho HJ, Kwon YW, Cho J, Kim KS, Kim J, Lee HJ, Lee TS, Bae S, Hong HJ, Lee YJ. An antibody against L1 cell adhesion molecule inhibits cardiotoxicity by regulating persistent DNA damage. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3279. [PMID: 34078883 PMCID: PMC8172563 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23478-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting the molecular pathways underlying the cardiotoxicity associated with thoracic irradiation and doxorubicin (Dox) could reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with these anticancer treatments. Here, we find that vascular endothelial cells (ECs) with persistent DNA damage induced by irradiation and Dox treatment exhibit a fibrotic phenotype (endothelial-mesenchymal transition, EndMT) correlating with the colocalization of L1CAM and persistent DNA damage foci. We demonstrate that treatment with the anti-L1CAM antibody Ab417 decreases L1CAM overexpression and nuclear translocation and persistent DNA damage foci. We show that in whole-heart-irradiated mice, EC-specific p53 deletion increases vascular fibrosis and the colocalization of L1CAM and DNA damage foci, while Ab417 attenuates these effects. We also demonstrate that Ab417 prevents cardiac dysfunction-related decrease in fractional shortening and prolongs survival after whole-heart irradiation or Dox treatment. We show that cardiomyopathy patient-derived cardiovascular ECs with persistent DNA damage show upregulated L1CAM and EndMT, indicating clinical applicability of Ab417. We conclude that controlling vascular DNA damage by inhibiting nuclear L1CAM translocation might effectively prevent anticancer therapy-associated cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Kyung Nam
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - A-Ram Kim
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo-Hyun Choi
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Ji-Hee Kim
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Jin Choi
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seulki Cho
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- grid.412484.f0000 0001 0302 820XBiomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jai Cho
- grid.412484.f0000 0001 0302 820XBiomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo-Wook Kwon
- grid.412484.f0000 0001 0302 820XCardiovascular Center & Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaeho Cho
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Kim
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-June Lee
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Sup Lee
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of RI Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangwoo Bae
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Hong
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea ,grid.482586.5Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yoon-Jin Lee
- grid.415464.60000 0000 9489 1588Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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Chataigner LMP, Leloup N, Janssen BJC. Structural Perspectives on Extracellular Recognition and Conformational Changes of Several Type-I Transmembrane Receptors. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:129. [PMID: 32850948 PMCID: PMC7427315 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type-I transmembrane proteins represent a large group of 1,412 proteins in humans with a multitude of functions in cells and tissues. They are characterized by an extracellular, or luminal, N-terminus followed by a single transmembrane helix and a cytosolic C-terminus. The domain composition and structures of the extracellular and intercellular segments differ substantially amongst its members. Most of the type-I transmembrane proteins have roles in cell signaling processes, as ligands or receptors, and in cellular adhesion. The extracellular segment often determines specificity and can control signaling and adhesion. Here we focus on recent structural understanding on how the extracellular segments of several diverse type-I transmembrane proteins engage in interactions and can undergo conformational changes for their function. Interactions at the extracellular side by proteins on the same cell or between cells are enhanced by the transmembrane setting. Extracellular conformational domain rearrangement and structural changes within domains alter the properties of the proteins and are used to regulate signaling events. The combination of structural properties and interactions can support the formation of larger-order assemblies on the membrane surface that are important for cellular adhesion and intercellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M. P. Chataigner
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nadia Leloup
- Structural Biology and Protein Biochemistry, Morphic Therapeutic, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Bert J. C. Janssen
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Altevogt P, Ben-Ze'ev A, Gavert N, Schumacher U, Schäfer H, Sebens S. Recent insights into the role of L1CAM in cancer initiation and progression. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:3292-3296. [PMID: 32588424 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
First described as a neuronal cell adhesion molecule, L1CAM was later identified to be present at increased levels in primary tumors and metastases of various types of cancer. Here, we describe the multifaceted roles of L1CAM that are involved in diverse fundamental steps during tumor initiation and progression, as well as in chemoresistance. Recently, Ganesh et al reported that L1CAM identifies metastasis-initiating cells in colorectal carcinoma exhibiting stem-like cell features, increased tumorigenic potential and enhanced chemoresistance. In this review, we highlight recent advances in L1CAM research with particular emphasis on its role in de-differentiation processes and cancer cell stemness supporting the view that L1CAM is a powerful prognostic factor and a suitable target for improved therapy of metastatic and drug-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Altevogt
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Avri Ben-Ze'ev
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nancy Gavert
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heiner Schäfer
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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L1CAM High Expression Associates with Poor Prognosis in Glioma but Does Not Correlate with C11orf95-RELA Fusion. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1353284. [PMID: 32509846 PMCID: PMC7251433 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1353284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The latest WHO guideline of CNS tumor defined a RELA fusion-positive ependymoma type with extremely poor prognosis, and the expression of L1CAM was correlated well with the presence of RELA fusion. However, the L1CAM protein expression in large sample gliomas other than ependymoma, its relationship with the RELA gene and its prognostic significance remained unknown. We examined the expression of L1CAM in 565 glioma cases (WHO grade I-IV). The L1CAM IHC-positive cases were selected to test RELA fusion with FISH break-apart probes. L1CAM was positive in 109 cases (19.29%) of all 565 glioma cases, with 18.27% in low-grade gliomas and 19.84% in high-grade gliomas, respectively. Unlike ependymoma, L1CAM protein expression was not correlated with the C11orf95-RELA fusion gene in other gliomas, but it had correction with the patient age (older than 45-year-old, p = 0.006), ATRX mutation (p = 0.003) and Ki67 (p = 0.007). High expression of L1CAM was an independent prognostic factor in our cohort. Further analysis demonstrated that L1CAM strong positive expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in gliomas, both in our cohort (p < 0.001) and TCGA (p < 0.009) dataset. Although uncorrelated with C11orf95-RELA fusion, L1CAM was a significant poor prognostic marker in glioma patients. More aggressive treatment should be taken for these patients and L1CAM might be a promising therapeutic target in glioma.
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Yamamoto-Fukuda T, Akiyama N, Kojima H. L1CAM-ILK-YAP Mechanotransduction Drives Proliferative Activity of Epithelial Cells in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1667-1679. [PMID: 32360569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Middle-ear cholesteatoma (cholesteatoma) is a chronic otitis media with an enhanced proliferation of epithelial cells. Negative pressure in the middle ear is thought to be important for the etiology of cholesteatoma. However, the mechanism of cholesteatoma formation remains unclear. Integrin-linked protein kinase (ILK), an important modulator of actin cytoskeletal dynamics, interacts with extracellular matrix and results in the up-regulation of mechanotransduction effector Yes-associated protein (YAP). The L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) has recently been reported as an activator of the mechanotransduction effectors related to cell proliferation and migration. In this study, we demonstrated a stretch assay for middle-ear cultured cells and performed immunohistochemistry using antibodies against Ilk, Yap, and L1cam. The tympanic membrane was also analyzed within a new middle-ear negative-pressure animal model and human cholesteatoma tissues, using immunohistochemistry with antibodies against ILK, YAP, Ki-67, and L1CAM. The expression of cytoplasmic ILK and nuclear shift of YAP increased in the thickened epithelium of the tympanic membrane under a negative-pressure load and the cholesteatoma. The expression of L1CAM was detected in the stromal cells, which enhanced epithelial cell proliferation depending on ILK signaling events. In conclusion, we demonstrated the possibility that the stromal L1CAM and epithelial ILK-YAP signaling played an important role in epithelial growth under mechanotransduction in cholesteatoma formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naotaro Akiyama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kojima
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Del Favero G, Hohenbichler J, Mayer RM, Rychlik M, Marko D. Mycotoxin Altertoxin II Induces Lipid Peroxidation Connecting Mitochondrial Stress Response to NF-κB Inhibition in THP-1 Macrophages. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:492-504. [PMID: 32022557 PMCID: PMC7205407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to mycotoxins, even in subtoxic concentrations, might contribute to modulate pro- or anti-inflammatory cascades and ultimately have long-term consequences on our health. In line, there is an increasing need to describe and comprehend the potential immunomodulatory effects of toxins that can be produced from fungi proliferating even in a domestic environment like, for instance, Alternaria alternata. Taking this as a starting point, we investigated the effects of one of the most potent genotoxic compounds produced by this fungi type, namely altertoxin II (ATXII) on THP-1 macrophages. In noncytotoxic concentrations (0.1-1 μM), ATXII inhibited the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB, and this event was accompanied by significant mitochondrial superoxide production (1 μM ATXII). Both responses seemed dependent on membrane structure and morphology since they were modulated by the coincubation with the cholesterol complexing agent methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD, 10-50 μM). Moreover, toxicity of ATXII was enhanced by cholesterol load (cholesterol-MβCD). The mycotoxin induced also lipid peroxidation (1-10 μM, ATXII) possibly streaming down at the mitochondrial level and suppressing NF-κB activation in THP-1 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food
Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straβe 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straβe 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Hohenbichler
- Department of Food
Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straβe 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Raphaela Maria Mayer
- Department of Food
Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straβe 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Rychlik
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical
University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food
Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straβe 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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12
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Picocci S, Bizzoca A, Corsi P, Magrone T, Jirillo E, Gennarini G. Modulation of Nerve Cell Differentiation: Role of Polyphenols and of Contactin Family Components. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:119. [PMID: 31380366 PMCID: PMC6656924 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study the mechanisms are explored, which modulate expression and function of cell surface adhesive glycoproteins of the Immunoglobulin Supergene Family (IgSF), and in particular of its Contactin subset, during neuronal precursor developmental events. In this context, a specific topic concerns the significance of the expression profile of such molecules and their ability to modulate signaling pathways activated through nutraceuticals, in particular polyphenols, administration. Both in vitro and in vivo approaches are chosen. As for the former, by using as a model the human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma line, the effects of grape seed polyphenols are evaluated on proliferation and commitment/differentiation events along the neuronal lineage. In SH-SY5Y cell cultures, polyphenols were found to counteract precursor proliferation while promoting their differentiation, as deduced by studying their developmental parameters through the expression of cell cycle and neuronal commitment/differentiation markers as well as by measuring neurite growth. In such cultures, Cyclin E expression and BrdU incorporation were downregulated, indicating reduced precursor proliferation while increased neuronal differentiation was inferred from upregulation of cell cycle exit (p27–Kip) and neuronal commitment (NeuN) markers as well as by measuring neurite length through morphometric analysis. The polyphenol effects on developmental parameters were also explored in vivo, in cerebellar cortex, by using as a model the TAG/F3 transgenic line, which undergoes delayed neural development as a consequence of Contactin1 adhesive glycoprotein upregulation and premature expression under control of the Contactin2 gene (Cntn-2) promoter. In this transgenic line, a Notch pathway activation is known to occur and polyphenol treatment was found to counteract such an effect, demonstrated through downregulation of the Hes-1 transcription factor. Polyphenols also downregulated the expression of adhesive glycoproteins of the Contactin family themselves, demonstrated for both Contactin1 and Contactin2, indicating the involvement of changes in the expression of the underlying genes in the observed phenotype. These data support the hypothesis that the complex control exerted by polyphenols on neural development involves modulation of expression and function of the genes encoding cell adhesion molecules of the Contactin family and of the associated signaling pathways, indicating potential mechanisms whereby such compounds may control neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Picocci
- Laboratories of Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Bizzoca
- Laboratories of Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Corsi
- Laboratories of Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Thea Magrone
- Laboratories of Immunology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Laboratories of Immunology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Gennarini
- Laboratories of Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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13
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Xi S, Sai K, Hu W, Wang F, Chen Y, Wang J, Zeng J, Chen Z. Clinical significance of the histological and molecular characteristics of ependymal tumors: a single institution case series from China. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:717. [PMID: 31324163 PMCID: PMC6642607 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5877-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ependymal tumors are pathologically defined intrinsic neoplasms originating in the intracranial compartments or the spinal cord that affect both children and adults. The recently integrated classification of ependymomas based on both histological and molecular characteristics is capable of subgrouping patients with various prognoses. However, the application of histological and molecular markers in Chinese patients with ependymomas has rarely been reported. We aimed to demonstrate the significance of histological characteristics, the v-relavian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (RELA) fusions and other molecular features in ependymal tumors. METHODS We reviewed the histological characteristics of ependymal tumors using conventional pathological slides and investigate the RELA fusions and Cylclin D1 (CCND1) amplification by Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. RESULTS We demonstrated that hypercellularity, atypia, microvascular proliferation, necrosis, mitosis, and an elevated Ki-67 index, were tightly associated with an advanced tumor grade. Tumor location, necrosis, mitosis and the Ki-67 index were related to the survival of the ependymomas, but Ki67 was the only independent prognostic factor. Additionally, RELA fusions, mostly presented in pediatric grade III intracranial ependymomas, indicated decreased survival times of patients, and closely related to the patients' age, tumor grade, cellularity, cellular atypia, necrosis and Ki67 index in the intracranial ependymal tumors, whereas reduction of H3K27me3 predicted the worse prognosis in ependymal tumors. CONCLUSIONS Histological and molecular features facilitate tumor grading and prognostic predictions for ependymal tumors in Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyan Xi
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ke Sai
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd. East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wanming Hu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yinsheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd. East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd. East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Zhongping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd. East, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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14
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Ebrahimpoor M, Spitali P, Hettne K, Tsonaka R, Goeman J. Simultaneous Enrichment Analysis of all Possible Gene-sets: Unifying Self-Contained and Competitive Methods. Brief Bioinform 2019; 21:1302-1312. [PMID: 31297505 PMCID: PMC7373179 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Studying sets of genomic features is increasingly popular in genomics, proteomics and metabolomics since analyzing at set level not only creates a natural connection to biological knowledge but also offers more statistical power. Currently, there are two gene-set testing approaches, self-contained and competitive, both of which have their advantages and disadvantages, but neither offers the final solution. We introduce simultaneous enrichment analysis (SEA), a new approach for analysis of feature sets in genomics and other omics based on a new unified null hypothesis, which includes the self-contained and competitive null hypotheses as special cases. We employ closed testing using Simes tests to test this new hypothesis. For every feature set, the proportion of active features is estimated, and a confidence bound is provided. Also, for every unified null hypotheses, a \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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}{}$P$\end{document}-value is calculated, which is adjusted for family-wise error rate. SEA does not need to assume that the features are independent. Moreover, users are allowed to choose the feature set(s) of interest after observing the data. We develop a novel pipeline and apply it on RNA-seq data of dystrophin-deficient mdx mice, showcasing the flexibility of the method. Finally, the power properties of the method are evaluated through simulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Ebrahimpoor
- Medical statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pietro Spitali
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Hettne
- Medical statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roula Tsonaka
- Medical statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jelle Goeman
- Medical statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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15
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Matsumoto Y, Ichikawa T, Kurozumi K, Otani Y, Date I. Clinicopathological and Genetic Features of Supratentorial Cortical Ependymomas. World Neurosurg 2019; 129:e417-e428. [PMID: 31150846 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.05.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Supratentorial cortical ependymomas (CEs) are rare. These lesions, selectively occurring in the superficial cortex, have not been fully characterized. We analyzed the clinicopathological and genetic features of CEs. METHODS Eight patients with CEs from our institution and 84 other reported CE cases were included in the present study. We retrospectively reviewed their clinical characteristics, imaging findings, treatment methods, pathological features, molecular status, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS The median age at diagnosis of our 8 patients was 7.5 years. The mean tumor diameter was 70 mm. All the tumors had a cystic appearance, and calcification was observed in 6. Gross total resection was achieved in 6 patients and subtotal resection in 2 patients. Of the 8 tumors, 7 were World Health Organization grade III and 1 was World Health Organization grade II. Six tumors were immunopositive for L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM). We investigated the presence of C11orf95-RELA fusion in 5 patients, all of whom exhibited it. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed for all patients with grade III tumors, except for children aged <3 years. Although 4 patients developed recurrence, all were alive throughout the follow-up period. Compared with previously reported CEs, our patients were younger and had larger tumors; however, the clinical outcomes did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS Although most CEs in our group were immunopositive for L1CAM and showed C11orf95-RELA fusion, which have been associated with a poor prognosis in supratentorial ependymomas, all our patients had good outcomes. Gross total resection and adjuvant radiotherapy contributed to the relatively favorable prognosis of CEs compared with other supratentorial ependymomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Matsumoto
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomotsugu Ichikawa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Kurozumi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Otani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Isao Date
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
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16
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Zhao W, Tan J, Zhu T, Ou J, Li Y, Shen L, Wu H, Han L, Liu Y, Jia X, Bai T, Li H, Ke X, Zhao J, Zou X, Hu Z, Guo H, Xia K. Rare inherited missense variants of POGZ associate with autism risk and disrupt neuronal development. J Genet Genomics 2019; 46:247-257. [PMID: 31196716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Excess de novo likely gene-disruptive and missense variants within dozens of genes have been identified in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, many rare inherited missense variants of these high-risk genes have not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, we analyzed the rare missense variant burden of POGZ in a large cohort of ASD patients from the Autism Clinical and Genetic Resources in China (ACGC) and further dissected the functional effect of disease-associated missense variants on neuronal development. Our results showed a significant burden of rare missense variants in ASD patients compared to the control population (P = 4.6 × 10-5, OR = 3.96), and missense variants in ASD patients showed more severe predicted functional outcomes than those in controls. Furthermore, by leveraging published large-scale sequencing data of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and sporadic case reports, we identified 8 de novo missense variants of POGZ in NDD patients. Functional analysis revealed that two inherited, but not de novo, missense variants influenced the cellular localization of POGZ and failed to rescue the defects in neurite and dendritic spine development caused by Pogz knockdown in cultured mouse primary cortical neurons. Significantly, L1CAM, an autism candidate risk gene, is differentially expressed in POGZ deficient cell lines. Reduced expression of L1cam was able to partially rescue the neurite length defects caused by Pogz knockdown. Our study showed the important roles of rare inherited missense variants of POGZ in ASD risk and neuronal development and identified the potential downstream targets of POGZ, which are important for further molecular mechanism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhao
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Tengfei Zhu
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jianjun Ou
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Huidan Wu
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Lin Han
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiangbin Jia
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ting Bai
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Honghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Disorders in Children, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, 545001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Child Mental Health Research Center, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xiaobing Zou
- Children Development Behavior Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zhengmao Hu
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China; Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Kun Xia
- Center of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China; School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, 830046, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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17
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Kommoss FK, Karnezis AN, Kommoss F, Talhouk A, Taran FA, Staebler A, Gilks CB, Huntsman DG, Krämer B, Brucker SY, McAlpine JN, Kommoss S. L1CAM further stratifies endometrial carcinoma patients with no specific molecular risk profile. Br J Cancer 2018; 119:480-486. [PMID: 30050154 PMCID: PMC6134076 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The newly developed Proactive Molecular Risk Classifier for Endometrial Cancer (ProMisE) has consistently been shown to be prognostically significant in endometrial carcinomas (EC). Recently, we and others have demonstrated L1 cell-adhesion molecule (L1CAM) to be a significant indicator of high-risk disease in EC. In the current study, it was our aim to determine the prognostic significance of aberrant L1CAM expression in ProMisE subgroups in a large, single centre, population-based EC cohort. Methods ProMisE (POLE; MMR-D; p53 wt/NSMP; p53 abn) classification results from a cohort of 452 EC were available for analysis. L1CAM expression was studied by immunohistochemistry on whole slides. Correlations between clinicopathological data and survival were calculated. Results Expression of L1CAM was most frequent in p53 abnormal tumours (80%). L1CAM status was predictive of worse outcome among tumours with no specific molecular profile (p53 wt/NSMP) (p < 0.0001). Among p53 wt/NSMP EC, L1CAM remained a significant prognosticator for disease-specific survival after multivariate analysis (p = 0.035). Conclusion L1CAM status was able to significantly stratify risk among tumours of the large p53 wt/NSMP ProMisE subgroup of EC. Furthermore, our study confirms a highly significant correlation between mutation-type p53 immunostaining and abnormal L1CAM expression in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kf Kommoss
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony N Karnezis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia and British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Friedrich Kommoss
- Institute of Pathology, Im Medizin Campus Bodensee, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - Aline Talhouk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia and British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Florin-Andrei Taran
- Department of Women's Health, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annette Staebler
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - C Blake Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David G Huntsman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia and British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bernhard Krämer
- Department of Women's Health, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Y Brucker
- Department of Women's Health, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jessica N McAlpine
- University of British Columbia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stefan Kommoss
- Department of Women's Health, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
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18
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Cavallini A, Rotelli MT, Lippolis C, Piscitelli D, Digennaro R, Covelli C, Carella N, Accetturo M, Altomare DF. Human microRNA expression in sporadic and FAP-associated desmoid tumors and correlation with beta-catenin mutations. Oncotarget 2018; 8:41866-41875. [PMID: 28418912 PMCID: PMC5522034 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmoid tumors (DT) are rare, benign, fibroblastic neoplasm with challenging histological diagnosis. DTs can occur sporadically or associated with the familial adenomatous polyposis coli (FAP). Most sporadic DTs are associated with β-catenin gene (CTNNB1) mutations, while mutated APC gene causes FAP disease. microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in many human carcinogenesis. The miRNA profile was analyzed by microarray in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens of 12 patients (8 sporadic, 4 FAP-associated) and 4 healthy controls. One hundred and one mRNAs resulted dysregulated, of which 98 in sporadic DTs and 8 in FAP-associated DTs, 5 were shared by both tumors. Twenty-six miRNAs were then validated by RT-qPCR in 23 sporadic and 7 FAP-associated DT samples matched with healthy controls. The qPCR method was also used to evaluate the CTNNB1 mutational status in sporadic DTs. The correlation between sporadic DTs and miRNA expression showed that miR-21-3p increased in mutated versus wild-type DTs, while miR-197-3p was decreased. The mRNA expression of Tetraspanin3 and Serpin family A member 3, as miR-21-3p targets, and L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule, as miR-197-3p target, was also evaluate. CTNNB1 mutations associated to miRNA dysregulation could affect the genesis and the progression of this disease and help histological diagnosis of sporadic DTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Cavallini
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute for Digestive Diseases, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Rotelli
- General Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Catia Lippolis
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute for Digestive Diseases, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Domenico Piscitelli
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari " Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Digennaro
- General Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Covelli
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari " Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Carella
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute for Digestive Diseases, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Matteo Accetturo
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Donato Francesco Altomare
- General Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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19
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Beyond the Matrix: The Many Non-ECM Ligands for Integrins. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020449. [PMID: 29393909 PMCID: PMC5855671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional view of integrins portrays these highly conserved cell surface receptors as mediators of cellular attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and to a lesser degree, as coordinators of leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. These canonical activities are indispensable; however, there is also a wide variety of integrin functions mediated by non-ECM ligands that transcend the traditional roles of integrins. Some of these unorthodox roles involve cell-cell interactions and are engaged to support immune functions such as leukocyte transmigration, recognition of opsonization factors, and stimulation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Other cell-cell interactions mediated by integrins include hematopoietic stem cell and tumor cell homing to target tissues. Integrins also serve as cell-surface receptors for various growth factors, hormones, and small molecules. Interestingly, integrins have also been exploited by a wide variety of organisms including viruses and bacteria to support infectious activities such as cellular adhesion and/or cellular internalization. Additionally, the disruption of integrin function through the use of soluble integrin ligands is a common strategy adopted by several parasites in order to inhibit blood clotting during hematophagy, or by venomous snakes to kill prey. In this review, we strive to go beyond the matrix and summarize non-ECM ligands that interact with integrins in order to highlight these non-traditional functions of integrins.
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Malgulwar PB, Nambirajan A, Pathak P, Faruq M, Rajeshwari M, Singh M, Suri V, Sarkar C, Sharma MC. C11orf95-RELA fusions and upregulated NF-KB signalling characterise a subset of aggressive supratentorial ependymomas that express L1CAM and nestin. J Neurooncol 2018; 138:29-39. [PMID: 29354850 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-2767-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ependymomas (EPN) show site specific genetic alterations and a recent DNA methylation profiling study identified nine molecular subgroups. C11orf95-RELA and YAP1 fusions characterise the RELA and YAP1 molecular subgroups, respectively, of supratentorial (ST)-EPNs. Current guidelines recommend molecular subgrouping over histological grade for accurate prognostication. Clinicopathological features of ST-EPNs in correlation with C11orf95-RELA and YAP1 fusions have been assessed in only few studies. We aimed to study these fusions in EPNs, and identify diagnostic and prognostic markers. qRT-PCR and Sanger Sequencing for the detection of C11orf95-RELA, YAP1-MAMLD1 and YAP1-FAM118B fusion transcripts, gene expression analysis for NFKB1, and immunohistochemistry for p53, MIB-1, nestin, VEGF, and L1CAM were performed. 88 EPNs (10-Grade I and 78-Grade II/III) from all sites were included. RELA fusions were unique to Grade II/III ST-EPNs, detected in 81.4% (22/27) and 18.5% (5/27) of pediatric and adult ST-EPNs respectively. ST-EPNs harbouring RELA fusions showed frequent grade III histology (81.5%), clear cell morphology (70.3%), upregulated NFKB1 expression, MIB-1 labelling indices (LI) ≥ 10% (77.8%), and immunopositivity for nestin (95.7%), VEGF (72%), L1CAM (79%), and p53 (64%). Presence of RELA fusions, L1CAM immunopositivity and MIB-1 LI ≥ 10% associated with poor outcome. L1CAM showed 81% concordance with RELA fusions. YAP1-MAMLD1 fusion was identified in a single RELA fusion negative adult anaplastic ST-EPN. RELA fusions are frequent in ST-EPNs and associate with poor outcome. L1CAM is a surrogate immunohistochemical marker. RELA fusion positive ST-EPNs strongly express nestin indicating increased stemness. Further evaluation of the interactions between NFKB and stem cell pathways is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prit Benny Malgulwar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Aruna Nambirajan
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Pankaj Pathak
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Mohammed Faruq
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology-Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (IGIB-CSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Madhu Rajeshwari
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Manmohan Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Vaishali Suri
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Chitra Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Mehar Chand Sharma
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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21
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Morales DM, Silver SA, Morgan CD, Mercer D, Inder TE, Holtzman DM, Wallendorf MJ, Rao R, McAllister JP, Limbrick DD. Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Prematurity: Amyloid Precursor Protein, Soluble Amyloid Precursor Protein α, and L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule. Neurosurgery 2017; 80:82-90. [PMID: 27571524 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000001415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most frequent, severe neurological complication of prematurity and is associated with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) in up to half of cases. PHH requires lifelong neurosurgical care and is associated with significant cognitive and psychomotor disability. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers may provide both diagnostic information for PHH and novel insights into its pathophysiology. OBJECTIVE To explore the diagnostic ability of candidate CSF biomarkers for PHH. METHODS Concentrations of amyloid precursor protein (APP), soluble APPα (sAPPα), soluble APPβ, neural cell adhesion molecule-1 (NCAM-1), L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), tau, phosphorylated tau, and total protein (TP) were measured in lumbar CSF from neonates in 6 groups: (1) no known neurological disease (n = 33); (2) IVH grades I to II (n = 13); (3) IVH grades III to IV (n = 12); (4) PHH (n = 12); (5) ventricular enlargement without hydrocephalus (n = 10); and (6) hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (n = 13). CSF protein levels were compared using analysis of variance, and logistic regression was performed to examine the predictive ability of each marker for PHH. RESULTS Lumbar CSF levels of APP, sAPPα, L1CAM, and TP were selectively increased in PHH compared with all other conditions (all P < .001). The sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratios of candidate CSF biomarkers for PHH were determined for APP, sAPPα, and L1CAM; cut points of 699, 514, and 113 ng/mL yielded odds ratios for PHH of 80.0, 200.0, and 68.75, respectively. CONCLUSION Lumbar CSF APP, sAPPα, L1CAM, and TP were selectively increased in PHH. These proteins, and sAPPα, in particular, hold promise as biomarkers of PHH and provide novel insight into PHH-associated neural injury and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego M Morales
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Shawgi A Silver
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Clinton D Morgan
- Depart-ment of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Deanna Mercer
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Terri E Inder
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medi-cine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washing-ton University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael J Wallendorf
- Division of Biostat-istics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Rakesh Rao
- Depart-ment of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - James P McAllister
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - David D Limbrick
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medi-cine, St. Louis, Missouri.,Depart-ment of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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22
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Guo JC, Xie YM, Ran LQ, Cao HH, Sun C, Wu JY, Wu ZY, Liao LD, Zhao WJ, Fang WK, Li EM, Xu LY, Schachner M, Xie JJ. L1CAM drives oncogenicity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by stimulation of ezrin transcription. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:1355-1368. [PMID: 28939985 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is highly expressed in various types of human cancers, displaying yet unknown molecular mechanisms underlying their oncogenic potential. Here, we found that L1CAM expression was significantly increased in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC; n = 157) lesions compared with non-cancerous tissues. High tumorous L1CAM expression significantly correlated with reduced overall survival. Experimentally, L1CAM knockdown led to decreased cell growth, migration, and invasiveness in vitro, whereas overexpression of L1CAM showed the opposite effect. In nude mice, L1CAM depletion attenuated tumorigenesis and ability to penetrate the tissues surrounding ESCC cells. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and SubpathwayMiner analysis on gene expression profiles (microarray data on ESCC tissues, GSE53625; cDNA microarray data on L1CAM-knockdown ESCC cell line, GSE86268) suggested that L1CAM-co-expression genes were related to cell motility, cell proliferation, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton, validating the above experimental findings. Further mechanistical analysis showed that L1CAM upregulated the expression of the cytoskeletal protein ezrin via activating integrin β1/MAPK/ERK/AP1 signaling and thus led to the malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells. Together, our findings suggest that L1CAM may be employed as a valuable prognosis marker and a therapeutic target for ESCC patients and that L1CAM promotes ESCC tumorigenicity by upregulating ezrin expression. KEY MESSAGES L1CAM promotes growth and invasiveness of ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. L1CAM upregulates the expression of ezrin by integrin α5β1/MAPK/ERK/AP1 pathway. Ezrin is a key downstream effector in the L1CAM-promoted malignant phenotypes. High expression levels of both L1CAM and ezrin significantly correlated with reduced overall survival. Nuclear L1CAM is an independent prognosis marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Cheng Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China
| | - Yang-Min Xie
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Li-Qiang Ran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China
| | - Hui-Hui Cao
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Chun Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China
| | - Jian-Yi Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- Department of Oncologic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Wei-Jiang Zhao
- Center for Neuroscience, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Wang-Kai Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China
| | - En-Min Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, China.
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Center for Neuroscience, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, China. .,W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China.
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23
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Kudumala SR, Penserga T, Börner J, Slipchuk O, Kakad P, Lee LH, Qureshi A, Pielage J, Godenschwege TA. Lissencephaly-1 dependent axonal retrograde transport of L1-type CAM Neuroglian in the adult drosophila central nervous system. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183605. [PMID: 28837701 PMCID: PMC5570280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we established the Drosophila Giant Fiber neurons (GF) as a novel model to study axonal trafficking of L1-type Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAM) Neuroglian (Nrg) in the adult CNS using live imaging. L1-type CAMs are well known for their importance in nervous system development and we previously demonstrated a role for Nrg in GF synapse formation. However, in the adult they have also been implicated in synaptic plasticity and regeneration. In addition, to its canonical role in organizing cytoskeletal elements at the plasma membrane, vertebrate L1CAM has also been shown to regulate transcription indirectly as well as directly via its import to the nucleus. Here, we intend to determine if the sole L1CAM homolog Nrg is retrogradley transported and thus has the potential to relay signals from the synapse to the soma. Live imaging of c-terminally tagged Nrg in the GF revealed that there are at least two populations of retrograde vesicles that differ in speed, and either move with consistent or varying velocity. To determine if endogenous Nrg is retrogradely transported, we inhibited two key regulators, Lissencephaly-1 (Lis1) and Dynactin, of the retrograde motor protein Dynein. Similar to previously described phenotypes for expression of poisonous subunits of Dynactin, we found that developmental knock down of Lis1 disrupted GF synaptic terminal growth and that Nrg vesicles accumulated inside the stunted terminals in both mutant backgrounds. Moreover, post mitotic Lis1 knock down in mature GFs by either RNAi or Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) induced mutations, resulted in normal length terminals with fully functional GF synapses which also exhibited severe accumulation of endogenous Nrg vesicles. Thus, our data suggests that accumulation of Nrg vesicles is due to failure of retrograde transport rather than a failure of terminal development. Together with the finding that post mitotic knock down of Lis1 also disrupted retrograde transport of tagged Nrg vesicles in GF axons, it demonstrates that endogenous Nrg protein is transported from the synapse to the soma in the adult central nervous system in a Lis1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirisha R. Kudumala
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tyrone Penserga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jana Börner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Olesya Slipchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Priyanka Kakad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - LaTasha H. Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Aater Qureshi
- Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jan Pielage
- Department of Biology, Division of Zoology/Neurobiology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Tanja A. Godenschwege
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Mint3-mediated L1CAM expression in fibroblasts promotes cancer cell proliferation via integrin α5β1 and tumour growth. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e334. [PMID: 28504692 PMCID: PMC5523060 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are some of the major cells in tumour tissues that influence tumour progression and drug resistance. However, our understanding on fibroblast-mediated tumour malignancy remains incomplete. Munc18-1-interacting protein 3 (Mint3) is known as an activator of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) even during normoxia in cancer cells, macrophages and fibroblasts. Although Mint3 promotes ATP production via glycolysis by activating HIF-1 in cancer cells and macrophages, the biological role of Mint3-mediated HIF-1 activation in fibroblasts remains unclear. To address this, we examined whether Mint3 in fibroblasts contributes to tumour growth. Mint3 depletion in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) decreased tumour growth of co-injected human breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 and epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells in mice. In MEFs, Mint3 also promoted cancer cell proliferation in vitro in a cell–cell contact-dependent manner. Mint3-mediated cancer cell proliferation depended on HIF-1, and further gene expression analysis revealed that the cell adhesion molecule, L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), was induced by Mint3 and HIF-1 in fibroblasts. Mint3-mediated L1CAM expression in fibroblasts stimulated the ERK signalling pathway via integrin α5β1 in cancer cells, and promoted cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumour growth. In cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), knockdown of MT1-MMP, which promotes Mint3-mediated HIF-1 activation, or Mint3 decreased L1CAM expression. As MEFs, CAFs also promoted cancer cell proliferation in vitro, and tumour growth via Mint3 and L1CAM. In human breast cancer specimens, the number of fibroblasts expressing L1CAM, Mint3 and MT1-MMP was higher in cancer regions than in adjacent benign regions. In addition, more phospho-ERK1/2-positive cancer cells existed in the peripheral region surrounded by the stroma than in the central region of solid breast cancer nest. Thus, Mint3 in fibroblasts might be a good target for cancer therapy by regulating cancer cell-stromal cell communication.
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25
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Liu KW, Pajtler KW, Worst BC, Pfister SM, Wechsler-Reya RJ. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets in pediatric brain tumors. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/470/eaaf7593. [PMID: 28292958 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf7593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Brain tumors are among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in children. Although surgery, aggressive radiation, and chemotherapy have improved outcomes, many patients still die of their disease. Moreover, those who survive often suffer devastating long-term side effects from the therapies. A greater understanding of the molecular underpinnings of these diseases will drive the development of new therapeutic approaches. Advances in genomics and epigenomics have provided unprecedented insight into the molecular diversity of these diseases and, in several cases, have revealed key genes and signaling pathways that drive tumor growth. These not only serve as potential therapeutic targets but also have facilitated the creation of animal models that faithfully recapitulate the human disease for preclinical studies. In this Review, we discuss recent progress in understanding the molecular basis of the three most common malignant pediatric brain tumors-medulloblastoma, ependymoma, and high-grade glioma-and the implications for development of safer and more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Wei Liu
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kristian W Pajtler
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Centre (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara C Worst
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Centre (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Centre (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert J Wechsler-Reya
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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26
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Lv FH, Yin HL, He YQ, Wu HM, Kong J, Chai XY, Zhang SR. Effects of curcumin on the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and the expression of NF-κB, PPAR-γ and Bcl-2 in rats with myocardial infarction injury. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3877-3884. [PMID: 28105120 PMCID: PMC5228430 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study evaluated the protective effect of curcumin on myocardial injury in rats as well as the mechanisms underlying these effects, and examined the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) following myocardial infarction. A rat model of myocardial infarction was successfully established. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed cellular atrophy and hyperchromatic cytoplasm in the myocardial infarction area. The myocardial cells displayed lysis and breakage of cardiac muscle fibers, karyopyknosis and karyorrhexis associated with infiltration of inflammatory cells and proliferation of fibrous tissue. Curcumin treatment at a dosage of 150 mg/kg/body weight resulted in an increase in surviving cells, fewer apoptotic cells, decreased proliferation of fibrous tissue and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, though necrosis was still present compared with the rats without curcumin treatment. The immunohistochemical assay demonstrated that curcumin treatment inhibited the expression of NF-κB, but increased the expression of PPAR-γ. The results of the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction indicated that curcumin treatment significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 (P<0.01). Therefore, curcumin antagonizes cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inhibits inflammatory cell infiltration following myocardial infarction, which may be associated with its inhibitory effects on the expression of NF-κB, and activating effects on the expression of PPAR-γ and Bcl-2 in myocardial cells. Curcumin may be useful in clinical practice for saving more living heart muscle in the area of myocardial infarction and improving cardiac function following the elective opening of obstructed coronary arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Hua Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The First Teaching Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Lei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Teaching Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Qun He
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The Second Teaching Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Min Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Teaching Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Juan Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Teaching Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Teaching Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Su-Rong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Teaching Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
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27
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Abstract
The local extension of cancer cells along nerves is a frequent clinical finding for various tumours. Traditionally, nerve invasion was assumed to occur via the path of least resistance; however, recent animal models and human studies have revealed that cancer cells have an innate ability to actively migrate along axons in a mechanism called neural tracking. The tendency of cancer cells to track along nerves is supported by various cell types in the perineural niche that secrete multiple growth factors and chemokines. We propose that the perineural niche should be considered part of the tumour microenvironment, describe the molecular cues that facilitate neural tracking and suggest methods for its inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Amit
- Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Center, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Clinical Research Institute at Rambam, Rappaport Institute of Medicine and Research, The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haalia Street No. 8, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shorook Na'ara
- Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Center, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Clinical Research Institute at Rambam, Rappaport Institute of Medicine and Research, The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haalia Street No. 8, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ziv Gil
- Laboratory for Applied Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Center, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Clinical Research Institute at Rambam, Rappaport Institute of Medicine and Research, The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haalia Street No. 8, Haifa, Israel
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28
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Role of L1CAM in the Regulation of the Canonical Wnt Pathway and Class I MAGE Genes. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 160:807-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3315-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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29
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Pharmacology of the cell/matrix form of adhesion. Pharmacol Res 2016; 107:430-436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Yu X, Yang F, Fu DL, Jin C. L1 cell adhesion molecule as a therapeutic target in cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016; 16:359-71. [PMID: 26781307 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2016.1143363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is the prototype member of the L1-family of closely related neural adhesion molecules. L1CAM is differentially expressed in the normal nervous system as well as pathological tissues and displays a wide range of biological activities. In human malignancies, L1CAM plays a vital role in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested that L1CAM exerts a variety of functions at different steps of tumor progression through a series of signaling pathways. In addition, L1CAM has been identified as a promising target for cancer therapy by using synthetic and natural inhibitors. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of the role of L1CAM involved in cancers and the rationale for L1CAM as a novel molecular target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Yu
- a Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Feng Yang
- a Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - De-Liang Fu
- a Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Chen Jin
- a Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
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31
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Colombo F, Meldolesi J. L1-CAM and N-CAM: From Adhesion Proteins to Pharmacological Targets. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 36:769-781. [PMID: 26478212 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1-CAM) and neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), key members of the immunoglobulin-like CAM (Ig-CAM) family, were first recognized to play critical roles in surface interactions of neurons, by binding with each other and with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Subsequently, adhesion was recognized to include signaling due to both activation of β-integrin, with the generation of intracellular cascades, and integration with the surface cytoskeleton. The importance of the two Ig-CAMs was revealed by their activation of the tyrosine kinase receptors of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and nerve growth factor (NGF). Based on these complex signaling properties, L1-CAM and N-CAM have become of great potential pharmacological interest in neurons and cancers. Treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive deficits of neurons is aimed to increase the cell Ig-CAM tone, possibly provided by synthetic/mimetic peptides. In cancer cells, where Ig-CAMs are often overexpressed, the proteins are employed for prognosis. The approaches to therapy are based on protein downregulation, antibodies, and adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Colombo
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and S. Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Meldolesi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and S. Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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32
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Altevogt P, Doberstein K, Fogel M. L1CAM in human cancer. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1565-76. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Altevogt
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology; University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg; Mannheim Germany
| | - Kai Doberstein
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mina Fogel
- Central Laboratories; Kaplan Medical Center; Rehovot Israel
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33
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Itoh K, Fushiki S. The role of L1cam in murine corticogenesis, and the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus. Pathol Int 2015; 65:58-66. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.12245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology; Graduate School of Medical Science; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
| | - Shinji Fushiki
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology; Graduate School of Medical Science; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Kyoto Japan
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Chen SX, Hu CL, Liao YH, Zhao WJ. L1 modulates PKD1 phosphorylation in cerebellar granule neurons. Neurosci Lett 2015; 584:331-6. [PMID: 25445362 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM) is crucial for the development of the nervous system, with an essential role in regulating multiple cellular activities. Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) serves as a key kinase given its diverse array of functions within the cell. Here, we investigated various aspects of the functional relationship between L1 and phosphorylated PKD1 (pPKD1) in cerebellar granule neurons. To study the relationship between L1 and PKD1 phosphorylation, human cerebellar tissue microarrays were subject to immunofluorescence staining. We observed a positive correlation between L1 protein levels and PKD1 phosphorylation. In addition, L1 also co-localized with pPKD1. To analyze the regulatory role of L1 on PKD1 phosphorylation, primary mouse cerebellar granule neurons were treated with various concentrations of rL1 for 48 h. Using Western blot, we revealed that L1 significantly increased PKD1 phosphorylation compared with vehicle control, with the maximal effect observed at 5 nM. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was significantly increased by 2.5 nM and 10nM L1, with no apparent change in SRC phosphorylation. However, SRC expression was markedly reduced by 10nM rL1. AKT1 expression and phosphorylation levels were significantly increased by rL1, with the maximal effect observed at 2.5 and 5 nM, respectively. Our combined data revealed a positive relationship between L1 and pPKD1 in both cultured cerebellar neurons and human cerebellar tissue, suggesting that L1 functions in the modulation of PKD1 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-xi Chen
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Rd, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, PR China
| | - Cheng-liang Hu
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Rd, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, PR China
| | - Yong-hong Liao
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Rd, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, PR China
| | - Wei-jiang Zhao
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Rd, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, PR China.
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Neurite outgrowth induced by NGF or L1CAM via activation of the TrkA receptor is sustained also by the exocytosis of enlargeosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:16943-8. [PMID: 25385598 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1406097111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
NGF binding to its protein kinase receptor TrkA is known to induce neurite outgrowth and neural cell differentiation. The plasma membrane expansion, necessary for the process, was shown to be contributed by the VAMP7-dependent exocytosis of endocytic vesicles. Working with wild-type PC12 (wtPC12), a cell model widely used to investigate NGF-induced neurite outgrowth, we found that a few hours of treatment with the neurotrophin (and to a lower extent with basic FGF and EGF) induces the appearance of enlargeosome vesicles competent for VAMP4-dependent exocytosis abundant in high REST-PC12 clones. Both the neurite length assay and the immunocytochemistry of enlargeosomes exocytosis revealed that activation of TrkA is induced not only by NGF, but also by the L1 adhesion protein, L1CAM, whose soluble construct binds the receptor with submicromolar affinity. In the intact wtPC12, the L1CAM construct induced autophosphorylation and internalization of TrkA followed by the activation of the PI3K, MEK, and PKCγ signaling cascades, analogous to the responses induced by NGF. Down-regulation of either VAMP7 or VAMP4 revealed the coparticipation of the two corresponding vesicles to the outgrowth responses induced by NGF and L1CAM. Finally, mixing experiments of wtPC12 cells rich in TrkA with high REST PC12 cells transfected with L1CAM documented the transactivation of the receptor by the adhesion protein surface-exposed in adjacent cells. In view of the known inhomogeneous surface distribution of both L1CAM and TrkA in various neural cells including neurons, their transcellular binding could be restricted to discrete sites, governing local signaling events distinct from those induced by soluble messengers.
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miR-21-3p is a positive regulator of L1CAM in several human carcinomas. Cancer Lett 2014; 354:455-66. [PMID: 25149066 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Expression of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) occurs frequently in human cancers and is associated with poor prognosis in cancers such as ovarian, endometrial, breast, renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. L1CAM promotes cell motility, invasion, chemoresistance and metastasis formation. Elucidating genetic processes involved in the expression of L1CAM in cancers is of considerable importance. Transcription factors such as SLUG, β-catenin/TCF-LEF, PAX8 and VHL have been implicated in the re-activation of L1CAM in various types of cancers. There is increasing evidence that micro-RNAs can also have strong effects on gene expression. Here we have identified miR-21-3p as a positive regulator of L1CAM expression. Over-expression of miR-21-3p (miR-21*) but not the complementary sequence miR-21-5p (miR-21) could strongly augment L1CAM expression in renal, endometrial and ovarian carcinoma derived cell lines by an unknown mechanism involving transcriptional activation of the L1CAM gene. In patient cohorts from renal, endometrial and ovarian cancers we observed a strong positive correlation of L1CAM and miR-21-3p expressions. Although L1CAM alone was a reliable marker for overall and disease free survival, the combination of L1CAM and miR-21-3p expressions strongly enhanced the predictive power. Our findings shed new light on the complex regulation of L1CAM in cancers and advocate the use of L1CAM/miR-21-3p for diagnostic application.
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Neuropsin Expression Correlates with Dendritic Marker MAP2c Level in Different Brain Regions of Aging Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:1130-8. [PMID: 24965600 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8780-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsin (NP) is a serine protease, implicated in synaptic plasticity and memory acquisition through cleavage of synaptic adhesion molecule, L1CAM. However, NP has not been explored during brain aging that entails drastic deterioration of plasticity and memory with selective regional vulnerability. Therefore, we have analysed the expression of NP and correlated with its function via analysis of endogenous cleavage of L1CAM and level of dendritic marker MAP2c in different regions of the aging mouse brain. While NP expression gradually decreased in the cerebral cortex during aging, it showed a sharp rise in both olfactory bulb and hippocampus in adult and thereafter declined in old age. NP expression was moderate in young medulla, but undetectable in midbrain and cerebellum. It was positively correlated with L1CAM cleavage and MAP2c level in different brain regions during aging. Taken together, our study shows age-dependent regional variation in NP expression and its positive correlation with MAP2c level, suggesting the involvement of NP in MAP2c mediated alterations in dendritic morphology during aging.
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C11orf95-RELA fusions drive oncogenic NF-κB signalling in ependymoma. Nature 2014; 506:451-5. [PMID: 24553141 PMCID: PMC4050669 DOI: 10.1038/nature13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family of transcriptional regulators are central mediators of the cellular inflammatory response. Although constitutive NF-κB signaling is present in most human tumours, mutations in pathway members are rare, complicating efforts to understand and block aberrant NF-κB activity in cancer. Here, we show that more than two thirds of supratentorial ependymomas contain oncogenic fusions between RELA, the principal effector of canonical NF-κB signalling, and an uncharacterized gene, C11orf95. In each case, C11orf95-RELA fusions resulted from chromothripsis involving chromosome 11q13.1. C11orf95-RELA fusion proteins translocated spontaneously to the nucleus to activate NF-κB target genes, and rapidly transformed neural stem cells—the cell of origin of ependymoma—to form these tumours in mice. Our data identify the first highly recurrent genetic alteration of RELA in human cancer, and the C11orf95-RELA fusion protein as a potential therapeutic target in supratentorial ependymoma.
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Tonosaki M, Itoh K, Umekage M, Kishimoto T, Yaoi T, Lemmon VP, Fushiki S. L1cam is crucial for cell locomotion and terminal translocation of the Soma in radial migration during murine corticogenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86186. [PMID: 24489698 PMCID: PMC3904877 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
L1cam (L1) is a cell adhesion molecule associated with a spectrum of human neurological diseases, the most well-known being X-linked hydrocephalus. Although we recently demonstrated that L1 plays an important role in neuronal migration during cortical histogenesis, the mechanisms of delayed migration have still not been clarified. In this study, we found that cell locomotion in the intermediate zone and terminal translocation in the primitive cortical zone (PCZ) were affected by L1-knockdown (L1-KD). Time-lapse analyses revealed that L1-KD neurons produced by in utero electroporation of shRNA targeting L1 (L1-shRNAs) molecules showed decreased locomotion velocity in the intermediate zone, compared with control neurons. Furthermore, L1-KD neurons showed longer and more undulated leading processes during translocation through the primitive cortical zone. The curvature index, a quantitative index for curvilinearity, as well as the length of the leading process, were increased, whereas the somal movement was decreased in L1-KD neurons during terminal translocation in the PCZ. These results suggest that L1 has a role in radial migration of cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Tonosaki
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masafumi Umekage
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kishimoto
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yaoi
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Vance P. Lemmon
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami School of Medicine, Lois Pope LIFE Center, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Shinji Fushiki
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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L1 cell adhesion molecule as a potential therapeutic target in murine models of endometriosis using a monoclonal antibody approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82512. [PMID: 24324802 PMCID: PMC3853202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The neural cell adhesion molecule L1CAM is a transmembrane glycoprotein abnormally expressed in tumors and previously associated with cell proliferation, adhesion and invasion, as well as neurite outgrowth in endometriosis. Being an attractive target molecule for antibody-based therapy, the present study assessed the ability of the monoclonal anti-L1 antibody (anti-L1 mAb) to impair the development of endometriotic lesions invivo and endometriosis-associated nerve fiber growth. Methods and Results Endometriosis was experimentally induced in sexually mature B6C3F1 (n=34) and CD-1 nude (n=21) mice by autologous and heterologous transplantation, respectively, of endometrial fragments into the peritoneal cavity. Transplantation was confirmed four weeks post-surgery by invivo magnetic resonance imaging and laparotomy, respectively. Mice were then intraperitoneally injected with anti-L1 mAb or an IgG isotype control antibody twice weekly, over a period of four weeks. Upon treatment completion, mice were sacrificed and endometrial implants were excised, measured and fixed. Endometriosis was histologically confirmed and L1CAM was detected by immunohistochemistry. Endometriotic lesion size was significantly reduced in anti-L1-treated B6C3F1 and CD-1 nude mice compared to mice treated with control antibody (P<0.05). Accordingly, a decreased number of PCNA positive epithelial and stromal cells was detected in autologously and heterologously induced endometriotic lesions exposed to anti-L1 mAb treatment. Anti-L1-treated mice also presented a diminished number of intraperitoneal adhesions at implantation sites compared with controls. Furthermore, a double-blind counting of anti-neurofilament L stained nerves revealed significantly reduced nerve density within peritoneal lesions in anti-L1 treated B6C3F1 mice (P=0.0039). Conclusions Local anti-L1 mAb treatment suppressed endometriosis growth in B6C3F1 and CD-1 nude mice and exerted a potent anti-neurogenic effect on induced endometriotic lesions invivo. The findings of this preliminary study in mice provide a strong basis for further testing in invivo models.
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Zeimet AG, Reimer D, Huszar M, Winterhoff B, Puistola U, Abdel Azim S, Müller-Holzner E, Ben-Arie A, van Kempen LC, Petru E, Jahn S, Geels YP, Massuger LF, Amant F, Polterauer S, Lappi-Blanco E, Bulten J, Meuter A, Tanouye S, Oppelt P, Stroh-Weigert M, Reinthaller A, Mariani A, Hackl W, Netzer M, Schirmer U, Vergote I, Altevogt P, Marth C, Fogel M. L1CAM in Early-Stage Type I Endometrial Cancer: Results of a Large Multicenter Evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 105:1142-50. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djt144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Tagliavacca L, Colombo F, Racchetti G, Meldolesi J. L1CAM and its cell-surface mutants: new mechanisms and effects relevant to the physiology and pathology of neural cells. J Neurochem 2012; 124:397-409. [PMID: 22973895 PMCID: PMC3557714 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The L1 syndrome, a genetic disease that affects 1/30 000 newborn males, is sustained by numerous missense mutations of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), an adhesion surface protein active also in transmembrane signaling, essential for the development and function of neurons. To investigate the cell biology of L1CAM, we employed a high RE1-silencing transcription (factor) clone of the pheochromocytoma PC12 line, defective in L1CAM expression and neurite outgrowth. The clone was transfected with wild-type L1CAM and four missense, disease-inducing point mutants encoding proteins distributed to the cell surface. The mutant-expressing cells, defective in adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins and in migration, exhibited unchanged proliferation. The nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth was re-established in defective clone cells transfected with the wild-type and the H210Q and I219T L1CAMs mutants, but not in the others. The stimulated outgrowth was confirmed in a second defective PC12 clone over-expressing the NGF receptor TrkA, treated with NGF and/or a recombinant L1CAM chimera. These results revealed a new function of L1CAM, a positive, robust and dose-dependent modulation of the TrkA receptor activated spontaneously or by NGF. The variable effects observed with the different L1CAM mutants suggest that this function contributes to the marked heterogeneity of symptoms and severity observed in the patients affected by the L1 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigina Tagliavacca
- Department of Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele Institute, Milano, Italy
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Schmid JS, Bernreuther C, Nikonenko AG, Ling Z, Mies G, Hossmann KA, Jakovcevski I, Schachner M. Heterozygosity for the mutated X-chromosome-linked L1 cell adhesion molecule gene leads to increased numbers of neurons and enhanced metabolism in the forebrain of female carrier mice. Brain Struct Funct 2012. [PMID: 23196656 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-012-0463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the X-chromosomal L1CAM gene lead to severe neurological deficits. In this study, we analyzed brains of female mice heterozygous for L1 (L1+/-) to gain insights into the brain structure of human females carrying one mutated L1 allele. From postnatal day 7 onward into adulthood, L1+/- female mice show an increased density of neurons in the neocortex and basal ganglia in comparison to wild-type (L1+/+) mice, correlating with enhanced metabolic parameters as measured in vivo. The densities of astrocytes and parvalbumin immunoreactive interneurons were not altered. No significant differences between L1+/- and L1+/+ mice were seen for cell proliferation in the cortex during embryonic days 11.5-15.5. Neuronal differentiation as estimated by analysis of doublecortin-immunoreactive cortical cells of embryonic brains was similar in L1+/- and L1+/+ mice. Interestingly, at postnatal days 3 and 5, apoptosis was reduced in L1+/- compared to L1+/+ mice. We suggest that reduced apoptosis leads to increased neuronal density in adult L1+/- mice. In conclusion, L1+/- mice display an unexpected phenotype that is not an intermediate between L1+/+ mice and mice deficient in L1 (L1-/y), but a novel phenotype which is challenging to understand regarding its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janinne Sylvie Schmid
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Donier E, Gomez-Sanchez JA, Grijota-Martinez C, Lakomá J, Baars S, Garcia-Alonso L, Cabedo H. L1CAM binds ErbB receptors through Ig-like domains coupling cell adhesion and neuregulin signalling. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40674. [PMID: 22815787 PMCID: PMC3398014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During nervous system development different cell-to-cell communication mechanisms operate in parallel guiding migrating neurons and growing axons to generate complex arrays of neural circuits. How such a system works in coordination is not well understood. Cross-regulatory interactions between different signalling pathways and redundancy between them can increase precision and fidelity of guidance systems. Immunoglobulin superfamily proteins of the NCAM and L1 families couple specific substrate recognition and cell adhesion with the activation of receptor tyrosine kinases. Thus it has been shown that L1CAM-mediated cell adhesion promotes the activation of the EGFR (erbB1) from Drosophila to humans. Here we explore the specificity of the molecular interaction between L1CAM and the erbB receptor family. We show that L1CAM binds physically erbB receptors in both heterologous systems and the mammalian developing brain. Different Ig-like domains located in the extracellular part of L1CAM can support this interaction. Interestingly, binding of L1CAM to erbB enhances its response to neuregulins. During development this may synergize with the activation of erbB receptors through L1CAM homophilic interactions, conferring diffusible neuregulins specificity for cells or axons that interact with the substrate through L1CAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuelle Donier
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Spanish National Research Council, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Gomez-Sanchez
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Spanish National Research Council, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Fundación de la Comunidad Valenciana para la Investigación en el Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Grijota-Martinez
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Spanish National Research Council, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Jarmila Lakomá
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Spanish National Research Council, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Sigrid Baars
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Spanish National Research Council, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Luis Garcia-Alonso
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Spanish National Research Council, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- * E-mail: (LGA); (HC)
| | - Hugo Cabedo
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Spanish National Research Council, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Fundación de la Comunidad Valenciana para la Investigación en el Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- * E-mail: (LGA); (HC)
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Kiefel H, Bondong S, Pfeifer M, Schirmer U, Erbe-Hoffmann N, Schäfer H, Sebens S, Altevogt P. EMT-associated up-regulation of L1CAM provides insights into L1CAM-mediated integrin signalling and NF-κB activation. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1919-29. [PMID: 22764136 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is associated with poor prognosis in a variety of human carcinomas including breast, ovarian and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recently we reported that L1CAM induces sustained nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation by augmenting the autocrine production of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), a process dependent on interaction of L1CAM with integrins. In the present study, we demonstrate that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) treatment of breast carcinoma (MDA-MB231) and PDAC (BxPc3) cell lines induces an EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition)-like phenotype and leads to the expression of L1CAM. In MDA-MB231 cells, up-regulation of L1CAM augmented expression of IL-1β and NF-κB activation, which was reversed by depletion of L1CAM, L1CAM-binding membrane cytoskeleton linker protein ezrin, β1-integrin or focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Over-expression of L1CAM not only induced NF-κB activation but also mediated the phosphorylation of FAK and Src. Phosphorylation was not induced in cells expressing a mutant form of L1CAM (L1-RGE) devoid of the integrin-binding site. FAK- and Src-phosphorylation were inhibited by knock-down of various components of the integrin signalling pathway such as β1- and α5-integrins, integrin-linked kinase (ILK), FAK and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit p110β. In summary, these results reveal that during EMT, L1CAM promotes IL-1β expression through a process dependent on integrin signalling and supports a motile and invasive tumour cell phenotype. We also identify important novel downstream effector molecules of the L1CAM-integrin signalling crosstalk that help to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying L1CAM-promoted tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Kiefel
- German Cancer Research CenterIm Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany
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Kiefel H, Bondong S, Hazin J, Ridinger J, Schirmer U, Riedle S, Altevogt P. L1CAM: a major driver for tumor cell invasion and motility. Cell Adh Migr 2012; 6:374-84. [PMID: 22796939 DOI: 10.4161/cam.20832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) plays a major role in the development of the nervous system and in the malignancy of human tumors. In terms of biological function, L1CAM comes along in two different flavors: (1) a static function as a cell adhesion molecule that acts as a glue between cells; (2) a motility promoting function that drives cell migration during neural development and supports metastasis of human cancers. Important factors that contribute to the switch in the functional mode of L1CAM are: (1) the cleavage from the cell surface by membrane proximal proteolysis and (2) the ability to change binding partners and engage in L1CAM-integrin binding. Recent studies have shown that the cleavage of L1CAM by metalloproteinases and the binding of L1CAM to integrins via its RGD-motif in the sixth Ig-domain activate signaling pathways distinct from the ones elicited by homophilic binding. Here we highlight important features of L1CAM proteolysis and the signaling of L1CAM via integrin engagement. The novel insights into L1CAM downstream signaling and its regulation during tumor progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) will lead to a better understanding of the dualistic role of L1CAM as a cell adhesion and/or motility promoting cell surface molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Kiefel
- Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Integrin signaling in cancer cell survival and chemoresistance. CHEMOTHERAPY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2012; 2012:283181. [PMID: 22567280 PMCID: PMC3332161 DOI: 10.1155/2012/283181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy is a hallmark of cancer cells, and it is a critical factor in cancer recurrence and patient relapse. Extracellular matrix (ECM) via its receptors, the integrins, has emerged as a major pathway contributing to cancer cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy. Several studies over the last decade have demonstrated that ECM/integrin signaling provides a survival advantage to various cancer cell types against numerous chemotherapeutic drugs and against antibody therapy. In this paper, we will discuss the major findings on how ECM/integrin signaling protects tumor cells from drug-induced apoptosis. We will also discuss the potential role of ECM in malignant T-cell survival and in cancer stem cell resistance. Understanding how integrins and their signaling partners promote tumor cell survival and chemoresistance will likely lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies and agents for cancer treatment.
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Poplawski GHD, Tranziska AK, Leshchyns'ka I, Meier ID, Streichert T, Sytnyk V, Schachner M. L1CAM increases MAP2 expression via the MAPK pathway to promote neurite outgrowth. Mol Cell Neurosci 2012; 50:169-78. [PMID: 22503709 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM) promotes neurite outgrowth via mechanisms that are not completely understood, but are known to involve the cytoskeleton. Here, we show that L1 binds directly to the microtubule associated protein 2c (MAP2c). This isoform of MAP2 is predominantly expressed in developing neurons. We found that the mRNA and protein levels of MAP2c, but not of MAP2a/b, are reduced in brains of young adult L1-deficient transgenic mice. We show via ELISA, that MAP2c, but not MAP2a/b, binds directly to the intracellular domain of L1. Remarkably, all these MAP2 isoforms co-immunoprecipitate with L1, suggesting that MAP2a/b associates with L1 via intermediate binding partners. The expression levels of MAP2a/b/c correlate with those of L1 in different brain regions of early postnatal mice, while expression levels of heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) or actin do not. L1 enhances the expression of MAP2a/b/c in cultured hippocampal neurons depending on activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Deficiency in both L1 and MAP2a/b/c expression results in reduced neurite outgrowth in vitro. We propose that the L1-triggered increase in MAP2a/b/c expression is required to promote neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Heiko Dirk Poplawski
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Bondong S, Kiefel H, Hielscher T, Zeimet AG, Zeillinger R, Pils D, Schuster E, Castillo-Tong DC, Cadron I, Vergote I, Braicu I, Sehouli J, Mahner S, Fogel M, Altevogt P. Prognostic significance of L1CAM in ovarian cancer and its role in constitutive NF-κB activation. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:1795-802. [PMID: 22228447 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of L1-cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) has been observed for various carcinomas and correlates with poor prognosis and late-stage disease. In vitro, L1CAM enhances proliferation, cell migration, adhesion and chemoresistance. We tested L1CAM and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) expression in tumor samples and ascitic fluid from ovarian carcinoma patients to examine its role as a prognostic marker. PATIENTS AND METHODS We investigated tumor samples and ascitic fluid from 232 serous ovarian carcinoma patients for L1CAM by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. L1CAM expression was correlated with pathoclinical parameters and patients' outcome. IL-1β levels were measured in tumor cell lysates. Ovarian cancer cell lines were analyzed for the contribution of L1CAM to IL-1β production and nuclear factor 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer' of activated B-cells (NF-κB) activation. RESULTS We observed that L1CAM-expressing tumors show a highly invasive phenotype associated with restricted tumor resectability at primary debulking surgery and increased lymphogenic spread. Soluble L1CAM proved to be a marker for poor progression-free survival and chemoresistance. In ovarian carcinoma cell lines, the specific knock-down of L1CAM reduces IL-1β expression and NF-κB activity. CONCLUSIONS L1CAM expression contributes to the invasive and metastatic phenotype of serous ovarian carcinoma. L1CAM expression and shedding in the tumor microenvironment could contribute to enhanced invasion and tumor progression through increased IL-1β production and NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bondong
- Department of Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Friedl P, Alexander S. Cancer Invasion and the Microenvironment: Plasticity and Reciprocity. Cell 2011; 147:992-1009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1419] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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