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Plüss L, Peissert F, Elsayed A, Rotta G, Römer J, Dakhel Plaza S, Villa A, Puca E, De Luca R, Oxenius A, Neri D. Generation and in vivo characterization of a novel high-affinity human antibody targeting carcinoembryonic antigen. MAbs 2023; 15:2217964. [PMID: 37243574 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2217964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There are no effective treatment options for most patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). mCRC remains a leading cause of tumor-related death, with a five-year survival rate of only 15%, highlighting the urgent need for novel pharmacological products. Current standard drugs are based on cytotoxic chemotherapy, VEGF inhibitors, EGFR antibodies, and multikinase inhibitors. The antibody-based delivery of pro-inflammatory cytokines provides a promising and differentiated strategy to improve the treatment outcome for mCRC patients. Here, we describe the generation of a novel fully human monoclonal antibody (termed F4) targeting the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in colorectal cancer and other malignancies. The F4 antibody was selected by antibody phage display technology after two rounds of affinity maturation. F4 in single-chain variable fragment format bound to CEA in surface plasmon resonance with an affinity of 7.7 nM. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence on human cancer specimens confirmed binding to CEA-expressing cells. F4 selectively accumulated in CEA-positive tumors, as evidenced by two orthogonal in vivo biodistribution studies. Encouraged by these results, we genetically fused murine interleukin (IL) 12 to F4 in the single-chain diabody format. F4-IL12 exhibited potent antitumor activity in two murine models of colon cancer. Treatment with F4-IL12 led to an increased density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and an upregulation of interferon γ expression by tumor-homing lymphocytes. These data suggest that the F4 antibody is an attractive delivery vehicle for targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Plüss
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Abdullah Elsayed
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Rotta
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Römer
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Emanuele Puca
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | | | - Annette Oxenius
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
- Philogen SpA, Località Bellaria, Sovicille, Italy
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2
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Schüler-Toprak S, Weber F, Skrzypczak M, Ortmann O, Treeck O. Expression of estrogen-related receptors in ovarian cancer and impact on survival. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2555-2567. [PMID: 34089362 PMCID: PMC8310835 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03673-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study further approaches the role of estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) in ovarian cancer. Protein expression of ERRα, ERRβ and ERRγ in ovarian cancer was assessed and was correlated with ovarian cancer markers, steroid hormone receptors and cancer-associated genes. Additionally, we examined to what extent expression of ERRs affects survival of ovarian cancer patients. METHODS For this purpose, we established a tissue microarray from 208 ovarian cancer patients and performed immunohistochemical analyses of the mentioned proteins. RESULTS ERRα and ERRγ protein could be detected at different levels in more than 90% of all ovarian cancer tissues, whereas expression of ERRβ was observed in 82.2% of the cases. ERRα was found to positively correlate with ovarian cancer marker CEA (p < 0.005) and ERRγ correlated with ERα (p < 0.001). Univariate survival analyses revealed that ERRα expression did not affect overall (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) of ovarian cancer patients. In contrast, higher expression of ERRβ in serous ovarian cancers was found to lead to a significantly decreased OS (p < 0.05). The strongest impact on survival was exhibited by ERRγ. Lower expression of this receptor in women with serous ovarian cancers indicated significantly increased OS compared to those with higher levels of ERRγ (p < 0.05). Multivariate survival analyses revealed ERRγ as an independent prognostic marker regarding OS of patients with serous ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrating that ERR proteins are frequently expressed in ovarian cancer and high levels of ERRβ and ERRγ significantly decreased OS of serous ovarian cancer patients suggest that these proteins might be interesting therapy targets in this cancer entity.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/mortality
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/mortality
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/mortality
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/pathology
- Endometrial Neoplasms/metabolism
- Endometrial Neoplasms/mortality
- Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/mortality
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Retrospective Studies
- Survival Rate
- ERRalpha Estrogen-Related Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Schüler-Toprak
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Landshuter Str. 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Weber
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz-Josef Strauß Allee11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maciej Skrzypczak
- Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Olaf Ortmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Landshuter Str. 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Treeck
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Landshuter Str. 65, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Numata T, Endo T, Yanai H, Ota K, Yamamoto Y, Shimizu K, Yamada H, Hayashihara K, Okauchi S, Satoh H, Yamada Y, Tamura T, Saito K, Kikuchi N, Kurishima K, Ishikawa H, Watanabe H, Shiozawa T, Hizawa N, Funayama Y, Hayashi S, Nakamura H, Yamashita T. Serum CEA and CYFRA Levels in ALK-rearranged NSCLC Patients: Correlation With Distant Metastasis. In Vivo 2020; 34:2095-2100. [PMID: 32606188 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To clarify the correlation between serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA) and metastasis and survival in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS CEA and CYFRA levels in 131 ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients were determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), real time-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry, using biopsy specimens, cytology specimens, and plasma specimens. Cut-off value of each marker was determined as 10 ng/ml. RESULTS In logistic regression analysis, higher levels of both markers had a positive relationship with bone metastases, and higher levels of CYFRA was relevant to liver metastases, and multiple-organ metastases. However, these markers were not proven to be poor prognostic factors in Cox's proportional model analysis. CONCLUSION Elevated serum CEA and CYFRA levels seem to provide useful clinical information about presence of bone and liver metastasis and multiple-organ metastases, although they were not a powerful indicator of prognosis. These two markers may suggest the extension of metastasis and would be helpful in considering treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Numata
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Ibaraki-machi, Japan
| | - Takeo Endo
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Ibaraki-machi, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Yanai
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Ibaraki-machi, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ota
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Ibaraki-machi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Hitachi General Hospital, Hitachi, Japan
| | - Kei Shimizu
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Hitachi General Hospital, Hitachi, Japan
| | - Hideyasu Yamada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Hitachinaka Medical Center-Hitachinaka Medical Center, University of Tsukuba, Hitachinaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Hayashihara
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Ibarakihigashi Hospital, Tokai, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okauchi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Kyodo General Hospital-Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba, Mito, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Satoh
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Kyodo General Hospital-Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba, Mito, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamada
- Respiratory Center, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Kasama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tamura
- Respiratory Center, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Kasama, Japan
| | - Kazuto Saito
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kikuchi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kasumigaura Medical Center Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Koichi Kurishima
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroichi Ishikawa
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroko Watanabe
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Tsukuba Kinen Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Nobuyuki Hizawa
- Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasunori Funayama
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tsukuba Gakuen General Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shigen Hayashi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Ibaraki Seinan Medical Center Hospital, Sakai-machi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Ibaraki Medical Center, Ami-machi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yamashita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, JA Toride Medical Center Hospital, Toride, Japan
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Reduced DAXX Expression Is Associated with Reduced CD24 Expression in Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101242. [PMID: 31614769 PMCID: PMC6830082 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of an activating mutation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is found in ~90% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases. Death domain-associated protein (DAXX), a nuclear protein, interacts with β-catenin in CRC cells. We investigated DAXX expression in 106 matched sample pairs of CRC and adjacent normal tissue by Western blotting. This study evaluated DAXX expression and its clinical implications in CRC. The results revealed that DAXX expression was significantly lower in the patients with the positive serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) screening results compared to the patients with negative CEA screening levels (p < 0.001). It has been reported that CD24 is a Wnt target in CRC cells. Here, we further revealed that DAXX expression was significantly correlated with CD24 expression (rho = 0.360, p < 0.001) in 106 patients. Consistent with this, in the CEA-positive subgroup, of which the carcinomas expressed DAXX at low levels, they were significantly correlated with CD24 expression (rho = 0.461, p < 0.005). Therefore, reduced DAXX expression is associated with reduced CD24 expression in CRC. Notably, in the Hct116 cells, DAXX knockdown using short-hairpin RNA against DAXX (shDAXX) not only caused significant cell proliferation, but also promoted metastasis. The DAXX-knockdown cells also demonstrated significantly decreased CD24 expression, however the intracellular localization of CD24 did not change. Thus, DAXX might be considered as a potential regulator of CD24 or β-catenin expression, which might be correlated with proliferative and metastatic potential of CRC.
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5
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Yarizadeh K, Behbahani M, Mohabatkar H, Noorbakhsh A. Computational analysis and optimization of carcinoembryonic antigen aptamers and experimental evaluation. J Biotechnol 2019; 306:1-8. [PMID: 31075298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a highly glycosylated protein, overexpresses in many cancers. In this study, computational methods were used to optimize CEA aptamers. Experimental evaluvation of selected aptamers were conducted through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. After two and three-dimensional structure modeling, the complexes of twelve reported aptamers against CEA were simulated using the ZDOCK server. Based on docking scores, two aptamer sequences (CSR59 and CSR57.1) were selected and used to create a new library. This ssDNA aptamer library consisting of 91 sequences was created using diverse in silico mutational methods. We obtained seventeen sequences having higher binding scores than reported sequences. Based on ZDOCK scores, the interaction domain of CEA, and steric hindrance due to glycosylation, two aptamer sequences (G3S1.5 and G2S2.2) were selected. An impedimetric aptasensor was designed, and selected aptamers were used as biorecognition elements. Resistance to charge transfer (Rct) quantities confirmed the bioinformatic approach and molecular docking scores. The result showed that the interaction ability of selected aptamers was about 13.5 fold higher than the control. It can be concluded that the selected aptamers have good potential for detection of carcinoembryonic antigen biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Yarizadeh
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mandana Behbahani
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hasan Mohabatkar
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abdollah Noorbakhsh
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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6
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Abdul-Wahid A, Cydzik M, Fischer NW, Prodeus A, Shively JE, Martel A, Alminawi S, Ghorab Z, Berinstein NL, Gariépy J. Serum-derived carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) activates fibroblasts to induce a local re-modeling of the extracellular matrix that favors the engraftment of CEA-expressing tumor cells. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:1963-1977. [PMID: 29756328 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; CEACAM5) in the serum of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients represent a clinical biomarker that correlates with disease recurrence. However, a mechanistic role for soluble CEA (sCEA) in tumor progression and metastasis remains to be established. In our study, we report that sCEA acts as a paracrine factor, activating human fibroblasts by signaling through both the STAT3 and AKT1-mTORC1 pathways, promoting their transition to a cancer-associated fibroblast (CaF) phenotype. sCEA-activated fibroblasts express and secrete higher levels of fibronectin, including cellular EDA+ -fibronectin (Fn-EDA) that selectively promote the implantation and adherence of CEA-expressing cancer cells. Immunohistochemical analyses of liver tissues derived from CRC patients with elevated levels of sCEA reveal that the expression of cellular Fn-EDA co-registers with CEA-expressing liver metastases. Taken together, these findings indicate a direct role for sCEA as a human fibroblast activation factor, in priming target tissues for the engraftment of CEA-expressing cancer cells, through the differentiation of tissue-resident fibroblasts, resulting in a local change in composition of the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aws Abdul-Wahid
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marzena Cydzik
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas W Fischer
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Prodeus
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John E Shively
- Department of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Anne Martel
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Samira Alminawi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CANADA
| | - Zeina Ghorab
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CANADA
| | | | - Jean Gariépy
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
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7
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Martin JN, Ball LM, Solomon TL, Dewald AH, Criss AK, Columbus L. Neisserial Opa Protein-CEACAM Interactions: Competition for Receptors as a Means of Bacterial Invasion and Pathogenesis. Biochemistry 2016; 55:4286-94. [PMID: 27442026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Carcino-embryonic antigen-like cellular adhesion molecules (CEACAMs), members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, are responsible for cell-cell interactions and cellular signaling events. Extracellular interactions with CEACAMs have the potential to induce phagocytosis, as is the case with pathogenic Neisseria bacteria. Pathogenic Neisseria species express opacity-associated (Opa) proteins, which interact with a subset of CEACAMs on human cells, and initiate the engulfment of the bacterium. We demonstrate that recombinant Opa proteins reconstituted into liposomes retain the ability to recognize and interact with CEACAMs in vitro but do not maintain receptor specificity compared to that of Opa proteins natively expressed by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. We report that two Opa proteins interact with CEACAMs with nanomolar affinity, and we hypothesize that this high affinity is necessary to compete with the native CEACAM homo- and heterotypic interactions in the host. Understanding the mechanisms of Opa protein-receptor recognition and engulfment enhances our understanding of Neisserial pathogenesis. Additionally, these mechanisms provide insight into how human cells that are typically nonphagocytic can utilize CEACAM receptors to internalize exogenous matter, with implications for the targeted delivery of therapeutics and development of imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Martin
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Louise M Ball
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Tsega L Solomon
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Alison H Dewald
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Alison K Criss
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Linda Columbus
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
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8
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Abdul-Wahid A, Cydzik M, Prodeus A, Alwash M, Stanojcic M, Thompson M, Huang EHB, Shively JE, Gray-Owen SD, Gariépy J. Induction of antigen-specific TH9 immunity accompanied by mast cell activation blocks tumor cell engraftment. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:841-53. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aws Abdul-Wahid
- Department of Medical Biophysics; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Physical Sciences; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Toronto ON CANADA
| | - Marzena Cydzik
- Physical Sciences; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Toronto ON CANADA
| | - Aaron Prodeus
- Department of Medical Biophysics; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Physical Sciences; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Toronto ON CANADA
| | - Mays Alwash
- Physical Sciences; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Toronto ON CANADA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - Mile Stanojcic
- Division of Plastic Surgery Department of Surgery; University of Toronto; ON Canada
| | - Megan Thompson
- Physical Sciences; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Toronto ON CANADA
| | - Eric H.-B. Huang
- Physical Sciences; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Toronto ON CANADA
| | - John E. Shively
- Department of Immunology; Beckman Research Institute; City of Hope, Duarte CA
| | - Scott D. Gray-Owen
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - Jean Gariépy
- Department of Medical Biophysics; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Physical Sciences; Sunnybrook Research Institute; Toronto ON CANADA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
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9
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Associations between serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels and adenocarcinoma subtypes of the lung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrc.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Lee KA, Bae EA, Song YC, Kim EK, Lee YS, Kim TG, Kang CY. A multimeric carcinoembryonic antigen signal inhibits the activation of human T cells by a SHP-independent mechanism: a potential mechanism for tumor-mediated suppression of T-cell immunity. Int J Cancer 2015; 136:2579-87. [PMID: 25379865 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a well-known tumor antigen that is found in the serum of patients with various cancers and is correlated with an increased risk of cancer recurrence and metastasis. To understand the tumor environment and to develop antitumor therapies, CEA has been studied as an antigen to activate/tolerate specific T cells. In this study, we show that CEA can function as a coinhibitory molecule and can inhibit the activation of human peripheral blood mononucleated cell-derived T cells. The addition of CEA-overexpressing tumor cells or immobilized CEA dampened both cell proliferation and the expression of IL-2 and CD69 expression in T cells after TCR stimulation. The phosphorylation of ERK and translocation of NFAT were hampered in these cells, whereas the phosphorylation of proximal TCR signaling molecules such as ZAP70 and phospholipase Cγ was not affected by immobilized CEA. To determine the relevance of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule-1 and Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase (SHP) molecules to CEA-mediated suppression, we tested the effect of the SHP inhibitor, NSC-87877, on CEA-mediated suppression of T cells; however, it did not reverse the effect of CEA. Collectively, these results indicate that CEA can function as a modulator of T-cell responses suggesting a novel mechanism of tumor evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoo-A Lee
- Laboratory of Immunology, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Cydzik M, Abdul-Wahid A, Park S, Bourdeau A, Bowden K, Prodeus A, Kollara A, Brown TJ, Ringuette MJ, Gariépy J. Slow binding kinetics of secreted protein, acidic, rich in cysteine-VEGF interaction limit VEGF activation of VEGF receptor 2 and attenuate angiogenesis. FASEB J 2015; 29:3493-505. [PMID: 25921830 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-271775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
VEGF-A (VEGF) drives angiogenesis through activation of downstream effectors to promote endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Although VEGF binds both VEGF receptor 1 (R1) and receptor 2 (R2), its proangiogenic effects are attributed to R2. Secreted protein, acidic, rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular glycoprotein thought to inhibit angiogenesis by preventing VEGF from activating R1, but not R2. Because R2 rather than R1 mediates proangiogenic activities of VEGF, the role of human SPARC in angiogenesis was reevaluated. We confirm that association of SPARC with VEGF inhibits VEGF-induced HUVEC adherence, motility, and proliferation in vitro and blocks VEGF-induced blood vessel formation ex vivo. SPARC decreases VEGF-induced phosphorylation of R2 and downstream effectors ERK, Akt, and p38 MAPK as shown by Western blot and/or phosphoflow analysis. Surface plasmon resonance indicates that SPARC binds slowly to VEGF (0.865 ± 0.02 × 10(4) M(-1) s(-1)) with a Kd of 150 nM, forming a stable complex that dissociates slowly (1.26 ± 0.003 × 10(-3) s(-1)). Only domain III of SPARC binds VEGF, exhibiting a 15-fold higher affinity than full-length SPARC. These findings support a model whereby SPARC regulates angiogenesis by sequestering VEGF, thus restricting the activation of R2 and the subsequent activation of downstream targets critical for endothelial cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Cydzik
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aws Abdul-Wahid
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Soyeon Park
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annie Bourdeau
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine Bowden
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Prodeus
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Kollara
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Theodore J Brown
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maurice J Ringuette
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Gariépy
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Abdul-Wahid A, Huang EHB, Cydzik M, Bolewska-Pedyczak E, Gariépy J. The carcinoembryonic antigen IgV-like N domain plays a critical role in the implantation of metastatic tumor cells. Mol Oncol 2013; 8:337-50. [PMID: 24388361 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a cell adhesion molecule involved in both homotypic and heterotypic interactions. The aberrant overexpression of CEA on adenocarcinoma cells correlates with their increased metastatic potential. Yet, the mechanism(s) by which its adhesive properties can lead to the implantation of circulating tumor cells and expansion of metastatic foci remains to be established. In this study, we demonstrate that the IgV-like N terminal domain of CEA directly participates in the implantation of cancer cells through its homotypic and heterotypic binding properties. Specifically, we determined that the recombinant N terminal domain of CEA directly binds to fibronectin (Fn) with a dissociation constant in the nanomolar range (K(D) 16 ± 3 nM) and interacts with itself (K(D) 100 ± 17 nM) and more tightly to the IgC-like A(3) domain (K(D) 18 ± 3 nM). Disruption of these molecular associations through the addition of antibodies specific to the CEA N or A(3)B(3) domains, or by adding soluble recombinant forms of the CEA N, A(3) or A(3)B(3) domains or a peptide corresponding to residues 108-115 of CEA resulted in the inhibition of CEA-mediated intercellular aggregation and adherence events in vitro. Finally, pretreating CEA-expressing murine colonic carcinoma cells (MC38.CEA) with rCEA N, A3 or A(3)B(3) modules blocked their implantation and the establishment of tumor foci in vivo. Together, these results suggest a new mechanistic insight into how the CEA IgV-like N domain participates in cellular events that can have a macroscopic impact in terms of cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aws Abdul-Wahid
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric H-B Huang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5
| | - Marzena Cydzik
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jean Gariépy
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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