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Zhang C, Zang T, Zhao T. KGE-UNIT: toward the unification of molecular interactions prediction based on knowledge graph and multi-task learning on drug discovery. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae043. [PMID: 38348746 PMCID: PMC10939374 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The prediction of molecular interactions is vital for drug discovery. Existing methods often focus on individual prediction tasks and overlook the relationships between them. Additionally, certain tasks encounter limitations due to insufficient data availability, resulting in limited performance. To overcome these limitations, we propose KGE-UNIT, a unified framework that combines knowledge graph embedding (KGE) and multi-task learning, for simultaneous prediction of drug-target interactions (DTIs) and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and enhancing the performance of each task, even when data availability is limited. Via KGE, we extract heterogeneous features from the drug knowledge graph to enhance the structural features of drug and protein nodes, thereby improving the quality of features. Additionally, employing multi-task learning, we introduce an innovative predictor that comprises the task-aware Convolutional Neural Network-based (CNN-based) encoder and the task-aware attention decoder which can fuse better multimodal features, capture the contextual interactions of molecular tasks and enhance task awareness, leading to improved performance. Experiments on two imbalanced datasets for DTIs and DDIs demonstrate the superiority of KGE-UNIT, achieving high area under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUROCs) (0.942, 0.987) and area under the precision-recall curve ( AUPRs) (0.930, 0.980) for DTIs and high AUROCs (0.975, 0.989) and AUPRs (0.966, 0.988) for DDIs. Notably, on the LUO dataset where the data were more limited, KGE-UNIT exhibited a more pronounced improvement, with increases of 4.32$\%$ in AUROC and 3.56$\%$ in AUPR for DTIs and 6.56$\%$ in AUROC and 8.17$\%$ in AUPR for DDIs. The scalability of KGE-UNIT is demonstrated through its extension to protein-protein interactions prediction, ablation studies and case studies further validate its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Tianyi Zang
- Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Tianyi Zhao
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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2
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Sturtzel C, Grissenberger S, Bozatzi P, Scheuringer E, Wenninger-Weinzierl A, Zajec Z, Dernovšek J, Pascoal S, Gehl V, Kutsch A, Granig A, Rifatbegovic F, Carre M, Lang A, Valtingojer I, Moll J, Lötsch D, Erhart F, Widhalm G, Surdez D, Delattre O, André N, Stampfl J, Tomašič T, Taschner-Mandl S, Distel M. Refined high-content imaging-based phenotypic drug screening in zebrafish xenografts. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:44. [PMID: 37202469 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish xenotransplantation models are increasingly applied for phenotypic drug screening to identify small compounds for precision oncology. Larval zebrafish xenografts offer the opportunity to perform drug screens at high-throughput in a complex in vivo environment. However, the full potential of the larval zebrafish xenograft model has not yet been realized and several steps of the drug screening workflow still await automation to increase throughput. Here, we present a robust workflow for drug screening in zebrafish xenografts using high-content imaging. We established embedding methods for high-content imaging of xenografts in 96-well format over consecutive days. In addition, we provide strategies for automated imaging and analysis of zebrafish xenografts including automated tumor cell detection and tumor size analysis over time. We also compared commonly used injection sites and cell labeling dyes and show specific site requirements for tumor cells from different entities. We demonstrate that our setup allows us to investigate proliferation and response to small compounds in several zebrafish xenografts ranging from pediatric sarcomas and neuroblastoma to glioblastoma and leukemia. This fast and cost-efficient assay enables the quantification of anti-tumor efficacy of small compounds in large cohorts of a vertebrate model system in vivo. Our assay may aid in prioritizing compounds or compound combinations for further preclinical and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sturtzel
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- Zebrafish Platform Austria for Preclinical Drug Screening (ZANDR), Vienna, Austria
| | - S Grissenberger
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - P Bozatzi
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - E Scheuringer
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- Zebrafish Platform Austria for Preclinical Drug Screening (ZANDR), Vienna, Austria
| | - A Wenninger-Weinzierl
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- Zebrafish Platform Austria for Preclinical Drug Screening (ZANDR), Vienna, Austria
| | - Z Zajec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - J Dernovšek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S Pascoal
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - V Gehl
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - A Kutsch
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Advanced Polymers for Biomaterials and 3D Printing, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Granig
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Advanced Polymers for Biomaterials and 3D Printing, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Rifatbegovic
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - M Carre
- Service d'Hématologie & Oncologie Pédiatrique, Timone Hospital, AP-HM, Marseille, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - A Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - I Valtingojer
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Sanofi Research Center, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - J Moll
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Sanofi Research Center, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
- Renon Biotech and Pharma Consulting, Unterinn am Ritten (Bz), Italy
| | - D Lötsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Erhart
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Widhalm
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Central Nervous System Tumors Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Surdez
- Balgrist University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - O Delattre
- INSERM U830, Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie Research Center, Paris, France
| | - N André
- Service d'Hématologie & Oncologie Pédiatrique, Timone Hospital, AP-HM, Marseille, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - J Stampfl
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Advanced Polymers for Biomaterials and 3D Printing, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Tomašič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S Taschner-Mandl
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria.
| | - M Distel
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria.
- Zebrafish Platform Austria for Preclinical Drug Screening (ZANDR), Vienna, Austria.
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Shifting from a Biological-Agnostic Approach to a Molecular-Driven Strategy in Rare Cancers: Ewing Sarcoma Archetype. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030874. [PMID: 36979853 PMCID: PMC10045500 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas of the thoracic cavity are rare entities that predominantly affect children and young adults. They can be very heterogeneous encompassing several different histological entities. Ewing Sarcoma (ES) can potentially arise from every bone, soft tissue, or visceral site in the body. However, it represents an extremely rare finding when it affects the thoracic cavity. It represents the second most frequent type of thoracic sarcoma, after chondrosarcoma. ES arises more frequently in sites that differ from the thoracic cavity, but it displays the same biological features and behavior of extra-thoracic ones. Current management of ES often requires a multidisciplinary treatment approach including surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy, as it can guarantee local and distant disease control, at least transiently, although the long-term outcome remains poor. Unfortunately, due to the paucity of clinical trials purposely designed for this rare malignancy, there are no optimal strategies that can be used for disease recurrence. As a result of its complex biological features, ES might be suitable for emerging biology-based therapeutic strategies. However, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving tumor growth and treatment resistance, including those related to oncogenic pathways, epigenetic landscape, and immune microenvironment, is necessary in order to develop new valid therapeutic opportunities. Here, we provide an overview of the most recent therapeutic advances for ES in both the preclinical and clinical settings. We performed a review of the current available literature and of the ongoing clinical trials focusing on new treatment strategies, after failure of conventional multimodal treatments.
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Zajec Ž, Dernovšek J, Distel M, Gobec M, Tomašič T. Optimisation of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7(4H)-one derivatives as novel Hsp90 C-terminal domain inhibitors against Ewing sarcoma. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106311. [PMID: 36495678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is the second most prevalent paediatric malignant bone tumour. In most cases, it is driven by the fusion oncoprotein EWS::FLI1, which acts as an aberrant transcription factor and dysregulates gene expression. EWS::FLI1 and a large number of downstream dysregulated proteins are Hsp90 client proteins, making Hsp90 an attractive target for the treatment of Ewing sarcoma. In this article, we report a new structural class of allosteric Hsp90 C-terminal domain (CTD) inhibitors based on the virtual screening hit TVS24, which showed antiproliferative activity in the SK-N-MC Ewing sarcoma cell line with an IC50 value of 15.9 ± 0.7 µM. The optimised compounds showed enhanced anticancer activity in the SK-N-MC cell line. Exposure of Ewing sarcoma cells to the most potent analogue 11c resulted in depletion of critical Hsp90 client proteins involved in cancer pathways such as EWS::FLI1, CDK4, RAF-1 and IGF1R, without inducing a heat shock response. The results of this study highlight Hsp90 CTD inhibitors as promising new agents for the treatment of Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Živa Zajec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jaka Dernovšek
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin Distel
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Gobec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Chen Y, Herzog M, Pliego-Mendieta A, Bühler MM, Harnisch KJ, Haberecker M, Arnold F, Planas-Paz L, Pauli C. Addressing Modern Diagnostic Pathology for Patient-Derived Soft Tissue Sarcosphere Models in the Era of Functional Precision Oncology. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100039. [PMID: 36870294 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Responses to therapy often cannot be exclusively predicted by molecular markers, thus evidencing a critical need to develop tools for better patient selection based on relations between tumor phenotype and genotype. Patient-derived cell models could help to better refine patient stratification procedures and lead to improved clinical management. So far, such ex vivo cell models have been used for addressing basic research questions and in preclinical studies. As they now enter the era of functional precision oncology, it is of utmost importance that they meet quality standards to fully represent the molecular and phenotypical architecture of patients' tumors. Well-characterized ex vivo models are imperative for rare cancer types with high patient heterogeneity and unknown driver mutations. Soft tissue sarcomas account for a very rare, heterogeneous group of malignancies that are challenging from a diagnostic standpoint and difficult to treat in a metastatic setting because of chemotherapy resistance and a lack of targeted treatment options. Functional drug screening in patient-derived cancer cell models is a more recent approach for discovering novel therapeutic candidate drugs. However, because of the rarity and heterogeneity of soft tissue sarcomas, the number of well-established and characterized sarcoma cell models is extremely limited. Within our hospital-based platform we establish high-fidelity patient-derived ex vivo cancer models from solid tumors for enabling functional precision oncology and addressing research questions to overcome this problem. We here present 5 novel, well-characterized, complex-karyotype ex vivo soft tissue sarcosphere models, which are effective tools to study molecular pathogenesis and identify the novel drug sensitivities of these genetically complex diseases. We addressed the quality standards that should be generally considered for the characterization of such ex vivo models. More broadly, we suggest a scalable platform to provide high-fidelity ex vivo models to the scientific community and enable functional precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiang Chen
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marius Herzog
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alicia Pliego-Mendieta
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Matteo Bühler
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kim Jannis Harnisch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Haberecker
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Arnold
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lara Planas-Paz
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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6
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Bangerter JL, Harnisch KJ, Chen Y, Hagedorn C, Planas-Paz L, Pauli C. Establishment, characterization and functional testing of two novel ex vivo extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) cell models. Hum Cell 2023; 36:446-455. [PMID: 36316541 PMCID: PMC9813045 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of uncertain differentiation as classified by the WHO Classification of Tumours 2020. Although often associated with pronlonged survival, EMC has high rates of distant recurrences and disease-associated death. EMCs are translocation sarcomas and harbor in > 90% of the cases an NR4A3 rearrangement. The molecular consequences of the NR4A3 gene fusions are not yet fully elucidated as well-characterized ex vivo cell models for EMC are lacking. Patient-derived ex vivo models are important and essential tools for investigating disease mechanisms associated with diseases that are rare, that exhibit poor prognosis and for the identification of potential novel treatment options. We established two novel EMC ex vivo models (USZ20-EMC1 and USZ22-EMC2) for functional testing and research purposes. USZ20-EMC1 and USZ22-EMC2 were established and maintained as sarco-sphere cell models for several months in culture. The cells were molecularly characterized using DNA sequencing and methylation profiling. Both cell models represent their native tumor tissue as confirmed by histomorphology and their molecular profiles, suggesting that native tumor cell function can be recapitulated in the ex vivo models. Using a functional screening approach, novel anti-cancer drug sensitivities including potential synergistic combinations were identified. In conclusion, two novel EMC ex vivo cell models (USZ20-EMC1 and USZ22-EMC2) were successfully established and characterized from native tumor tissues. Both cell models will be useful tools for further investigating disease mechanisms and for answering basic and translational research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Lucia Bangerter
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kim Jannis Harnisch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yanjiang Chen
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Hagedorn
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lara Planas-Paz
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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7
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Parma B, Wurdak H, Ceppi P. Harnessing mitochondrial metabolism and drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer and beyond by blocking heat-shock proteins. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 65:100888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Sirikaew N, Pruksakorn D, Chaiyawat P, Chutipongtanate S. Mass Spectrometric-Based Proteomics for Biomarker Discovery in Osteosarcoma: Current Status and Future Direction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179741. [PMID: 36077137 PMCID: PMC9456544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to a lack of novel therapies and biomarkers, the clinical outcomes of osteosarcoma patients have not significantly improved for decades. The advancement of mass spectrometry (MS), peptide quantification, and downstream pathway analysis enables the investigation of protein profiles across a wide range of input materials, from cell culture to long-term archived clinical specimens. This can provide insight into osteosarcoma biology and identify candidate biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and stratification of chemotherapy response. In this review, we provide an overview of proteomics studies of osteosarcoma, indicate potential biomarkers that might be promising therapeutic targets, and discuss the challenges and opportunities of mass spectrometric-based proteomics in future osteosarcoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutnicha Sirikaew
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Parunya Chaiyawat
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research (MSTR) Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence: (P.C.); (S.C.)
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Ren X, Li T, Zhang W, Yang X. Targeting Heat-Shock Protein 90 in Cancer: An Update on Combination Therapy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162556. [PMID: 36010632 PMCID: PMC9406578 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) is an important molecule chaperone associated with tumorigenesis and malignancy. HSP90 is involved in the folding and maturation of a wide range of oncogenic clients, including diverse kinases, transcription factors and oncogenic fusion proteins. Therefore, it could be argued that HSP90 facilitates the malignant behaviors of cancer cells, such as uncontrolled proliferation, chemo/radiotherapy resistance and immune evasion. The extensive associations between HSP90 and tumorigenesis indicate substantial therapeutic potential, and many HSP90 inhibitors have been developed. However, due to HSP90 inhibitor toxicity and limited efficiency, none have been approved for clinical use as single agents. Recent results suggest that combining HSP90 inhibitors with other anticancer therapies might be a more advisable strategy. This review illustrates the role of HSP90 in cancer biology and discusses the therapeutic value of Hsp90 inhibitors as complements to current anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiude Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tsinghua University Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
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10
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Du S, Liu Y, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Chi Y. Advances in the study of HSP70 inhibitors to enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:942828. [PMID: 36036010 PMCID: PMC9399644 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.942828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) is one of the most conserved proteins and a ubiquitous molecular chaperone that plays a role in the folding, remodeling, and degradation of various proteins to maintain proteostasis. It has been shown that HSP70 is abundantly expressed in cancer and enhances tumor resistance to radiotherapy by inhibiting multiple apoptotic pathways, such as interfering with the cellular senescence program, promoting angiogenesis, and supporting metastasis. Thus, HSP70 provides an effective target for enhancing the effects of radiation therapy in the clinical management of cancer patients. Inhibition of HSP70 enhances the radiation-induced tumor-killing effect and thus improves the efficacy of radiotherapy. This article reviews the sensitivity of Hsp70 and its related inhibitors to radiotherapy of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Du
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yuran Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Shuai Wang, ; Yuhua Chi,
| | - Yuhua Chi
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Shuai Wang, ; Yuhua Chi,
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11
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Management of Unresectable Localized Pelvic Bone Sarcomas: Current Practice and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102546. [PMID: 35626150 PMCID: PMC9139258 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Some locally advanced pelvic bone tumors are deemed unresectable and, as such, not suitable for curative surgery. In this setting, treatment options are generally limited and not unanimous, with decisions being made on an individual basis after multidisciplinary discussion. Ultimately, and notwithstanding the bright prospects raised by novel therapeutic approaches, treatment should be patient-tailored, weighing a panoply of patient- and tumor-related factors. Abstract Bone sarcomas (BS) are rare mesenchymal tumors usually located in the extremities and pelvis. While surgical resection is the cornerstone of curative treatment, some locally advanced tumors are deemed unresectable and hence not suitable for curative intent. This is often true for pelvic sarcoma due to anatomic complexity and proximity to vital structures, making treatment options for these tumors generally limited and not unanimous, with decisions being made on an individual basis after multidisciplinary discussion. Several studies have been published in recent years focusing on innovative treatment options for patients with locally advanced sarcoma not amenable to local surgery. The present article reviews the evidence regarding the treatment of patients with locally advanced and unresectable pelvic BS, with the goal of providing an overview of treatment options for the main BS histologic subtypes involving this anatomic area and exploring future therapeutic perspectives. The management of unresectable localized pelvic BS represents a major challenge and is hampered by the lack of comprehensive and standardized guidelines. As such, the optimal treatment needs to be individually tailored, weighing a panoply of patient- and tumor-related factors. Despite the bright prospects raised by novel therapeutic approaches, the role of each treatment option in the therapeutic armamentarium of these patients requires solid clinical evidence before becoming fully established.
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12
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Lanzi C, Cassinelli G. Combinatorial strategies to potentiate the efficacy of HDAC inhibitors in fusion-positive sarcomas. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 198:114944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Liu Q, Tu G, Hu Y, Jiang Q, Liu J, Lin S, Yu Z, Li G, Wu X, Tang Y, Huang X, Xu J, Liu Y, Wu L. Discovery of BP3 as an efficacious proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of HSP90 for treating breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 228:114013. [PMID: 34864330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is involved in the stabilization and activation of oncoproteins, rendering it essential for oncogenic transformation. However, the HSP90 inhibitors evaluated to date have not led to the expected effects in cancer therapy. Herein, we systematically described the design, synthesis, and evaluation of HSP90 degraders based upon the proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) strategy. The results showed that the candidate compound 16b (BP3) potently degraded HSP90 and effectively inhibited the growth of human breast cancer cells. When used as a single agent, BP3 led to effective tumor suppression in mice. These findings demonstrate that our HSP90-targeting PROTAC strategy has potential novel applications in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Guihui Tu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Department of Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Qingna Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Zelei Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Xinhua Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yuanling Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Xiuwang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Department of Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Department of Pharmacochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Lixian Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University (FMU), Fuzhou, PR China.
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14
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Flores G, Grohar PJ. One oncogene, several vulnerabilities: EWS/FLI targeted therapies for Ewing sarcoma. J Bone Oncol 2021; 31:100404. [PMID: 34976713 PMCID: PMC8686064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
EWS/FLI is the defining mutation of Ewing sarcoma. This oncogene drives malignant transformation and progression and occurs in a genetic background characterized by few other recurrent cooperating mutations. In addition, the tumor is absolutely dependent on the continued expression of EWS/FLI to maintain the malignant phenotype. However, EWS/FLI is a transcription factor and therefore a challenging drug target. The difficulty of directly targeting EWS/FLI stems from unique features of this fusion protein as well as the network of interacting proteins required to execute the transcriptional program. This network includes interacting proteins as well as upstream and downstream effectors that together reprogram the epigenome and transcriptome. While the vast number of proteins involved in this process challenge the development of a highly specific inhibitors, they also yield numerous therapeutic opportunities. In this report, we will review how this vast EWS-FLI transcriptional network has been exploited over the last two decades to identify compounds that directly target EWS/FLI and/or associated vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Flores
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, USA
| | - Patrick J Grohar
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, 3501 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Ramachandran B, Rajkumar T, Gopisetty G. Challenges in modeling EWS-FLI1-driven transgenic mouse model for Ewing sarcoma. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:12181-12194. [PMID: 34956445 PMCID: PMC8661172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
EWS-FLI1 is a master regulator of Ewing sarcoma (ES) oncogenesis. Although EWS-FLI1 represents a clear therapeutic target, targeted therapeutic inhibitors are lacking. Scientific literature has indicated accumulating information pertaining to EWS-FLI1 translocation, pathogenesis, function, oncogenic partnerships, and potential clinical relevance. However, attempts to develop EWS-FLI1-driven human-like ES mouse models or in vivo systems ended up with limited success. Establishing such models as preclinical screening tools may accelerate the development of EWS-FLI1 targeted therapeutic inhibitors. This review summarizes the current scenario, which focuses on the limitations, challenges, and possible reasons for past failures in model development and also plausible interim alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Ramachandran
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (W.I.A) No. 38, Sardar Patel Road, Adyar, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Thangarajan Rajkumar
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (W.I.A) No. 38, Sardar Patel Road, Adyar, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Gopal Gopisetty
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (W.I.A) No. 38, Sardar Patel Road, Adyar, Chennai 600036, India
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16
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Augmented Antitumor Activity for Novel Dual PI3K/BDR4 Inhibitors, SF2523 and SF1126 in Ewing Sarcoma. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 43:e304-e311. [PMID: 33480647 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is the second most common pediatric bone cancer. Despite recent advances in the treatment, patients with metastatic tumors have dismal prognosis and hence novel therapies are urgently needed to combat this cancer. A recent study has shown that phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitors can synergistically increase sensitivity to bromodomain and extraterminal domain inhibitors in ES cells and therefore combined inhibition of PI3K and bromodomain and extraterminal domain bromodomain proteins might provide benefit in this cancer. Herein, we have investigated the efficacy of dual PI3K/BRD4 inhibitors, SF2523 and SF1126, for their antitumor activity in ES cell lines. The effect of SF1126 and SF2523 on cell viability and PI3K signaling was assessed on a panel of human ES cell lines. To evaluate the antitumor activity of SF1126, A673 cells were injected intrafemorally into RAG-2-/- mice and treated with 50 mg/kg SF1126 6 days per week, for 30 days. Both SF1126 and SF2523 decreased cell survival and inhibited phosphorylation of AKT in human ES cell lines. In vivo, SF1126 showed a significant reduction in tumor volume. These results suggest that dual PI3K/BRD4 inhibitor, SF1126, has antitumor activity in ES models.
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17
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Marx C, Schaarschmidt MU, Kirkpatrick J, Marx-Blümel L, Halilovic M, Westermann M, Hoelzer D, Meyer FB, Geng Y, Buder K, Schadwinkel HM, Siniuk K, Becker S, Thierbach R, Beck JF, Sonnemann J, Wang ZQ. Cooperative treatment effectiveness of ATR and HSP90 inhibition in Ewing's sarcoma cells. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:57. [PMID: 33743824 PMCID: PMC7981928 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ewing's sarcoma is an aggressive childhood malignancy whose outcome has not substantially improved over the last two decades. In this study, combination treatments of the HSP90 inhibitor AUY922 with either the ATR inhibitor VE821 or the ATM inhibitor KU55933 were investigated for their effectiveness in Ewing's sarcoma cells. METHODS Effects were determined in p53 wild-type and p53 null Ewing's sarcoma cell lines by flow cytometric analyses of cell death, mitochondrial depolarization and cell-cycle distribution as well as fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. They were molecularly characterized by gene and protein expression profiling, and by quantitative whole proteome analysis. RESULTS AUY922 alone induced DNA damage, apoptosis and ER stress, while reducing the abundance of DNA repair proteins. The combination of AUY922 with VE821 led to strong apoptosis induction independent of the cellular p53 status, yet based on different molecular mechanisms. p53 wild-type cells activated pro-apoptotic gene transcription and underwent mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, while p53 null cells accumulated higher levels of DNA damage, ER stress and autophagy, eventually leading to apoptosis. Impaired PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling further contributed to the antineoplastic combination effects of AUY922 and VE821. In contrast, the combination of AUY922 with KU55933 did not produce a cooperative effect. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that HSP90 and ATR inhibitor combination treatment may be an effective therapeutic approach for Ewing's sarcoma irrespective of the p53 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Marx
- Leibniz Institute On Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Marc U Schaarschmidt
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Joanna Kirkpatrick
- Leibniz Institute On Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.,Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Lisa Marx-Blümel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Melisa Halilovic
- Leibniz Institute On Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | | | - Doerte Hoelzer
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Biopharmaceutical New Technologies (BioNTech) Corporation, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix B Meyer
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Yibo Geng
- Leibniz Institute On Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Katrin Buder
- Leibniz Institute On Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Hauke M Schadwinkel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Kanstantsin Siniuk
- Leibniz Institute On Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Sabine Becker
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - René Thierbach
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - James F Beck
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Sonnemann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Clinic, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. .,Research Center Lobeda, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. .,Klinik Für Kinder- Und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Leibniz Institute On Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biology and Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
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18
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Singh S, Abu-Zaid A, Lin W, Low J, Abdolvahabi A, Jin H, Wu Q, Cooke B, Fang J, Bowling J, Vaithiyalingam S, Currier D, Yun MK, Fernando DM, Maier J, Tillman H, Bulsara P, Lu Z, Das S, Shelat A, Li Z, Young B, Lee R, Rankovic Z, Murphy AJ, White SW, Davidoff AM, Chen T, Yang J. 17-DMAG dually inhibits Hsp90 and histone lysine demethylases in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. iScience 2020; 24:101996. [PMID: 33490904 PMCID: PMC7811140 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) play critical roles in oncogenesis and therefore may be effective targets for anticancer therapy. Using a time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer demethylation screen assay, in combination with multiple orthogonal validation approaches, we identified geldanamycin and its analog 17-DMAG as KDM inhibitors. In addition, we found that these Hsp90 inhibitors increase degradation of the alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS) driver oncoprotein PAX3-FOXO1 and induce the repressive epigenetic mark H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 at genomic loci of PAX3-FOXO1 targets. We found that as monotherapy 17-DMAG significantly inhibits expression of PAX3-FOXO1 target genes and multiple oncogenic pathways, induces a muscle differentiation signature, delays tumor growth and extends survival in aRMS xenograft mouse models. The combination of 17-DMAG with conventional chemotherapy significantly enhances therapeutic efficacy, indicating that targeting KDM in combination with chemotherapy may serve as a therapeutic approach to PAX3-FOXO1-positive aRMS. Identification of geldanamycin/17-DMAG as histone lysine demethylase inhibitors Geldanamycin/17-DMAG causes degradation of PAX3-FOXO1, an Hsp90 client Geldanamycin/17-DMAG induces epigenetic changes and targets PAX3-FOXO1 pathway 17-DMAG alone or combined with chemotherapy show potency to PAX3-FOXO1 xenografts
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivendra Singh
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jonathan Low
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Alireza Abdolvahabi
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Hongjian Jin
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Bailey Cooke
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Jie Fang
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - John Bowling
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sivaraja Vaithiyalingam
- Protein Technologies Center, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.,Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Duane Currier
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Mi-Kyung Yun
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Dinesh M Fernando
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Julie Maier
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Heather Tillman
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Purva Bulsara
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zhaohua Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Anang Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zhenmei Li
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Brandon Young
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zoran Rankovic
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Stephen W White
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Andrew M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
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19
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Anwar MM, Shalaby M, Embaby AM, Saeed H, Agwa MM, Hussein A. Prodigiosin/PU-H71 as a novel potential combined therapy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC): preclinical insights. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14706. [PMID: 32895397 PMCID: PMC7477571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prodigiosin, a secondary metabolite red pigment produced by Serratia marcescens, has an interesting apoptotic efficacy against cancer cell lines with low or no toxicity on normal cells. HSP90α is known as a crucial and multimodal target in the treatment of TNBC. Our research attempts to assess the therapeutic potential of prodigiosin/PU-H71 combination on MDA-MB-231 cell line. The transcription and protein expression levels of different signalling pathways were assessed. Treatment of TNBC cells with both drugs resulted in a decrease of the number of adherent cells with apoptotic effects. Prodigiosin/PU-H71 combination increased the levels of caspases 3,8 and 9 and decreased the levels of mTOR expression. Additionally, there was a remarkable decrease of HSP90α transcription and expression levels upon treatment with combined therapy. Also, EGFR and VEGF expression levels decreased. This is the first study to show that prodigiosin/PU-H71 combination had potent cytotoxicity on MDA-MB-231 cells; proving to play a paramount role in interfering with key signalling pathways in TNBC. Interestingly, prodigiosin might be a potential anticancer agent to increase the sensitivity of TNBC cells to apoptosis. This study provides a new basis for upcoming studies to overcome drug resistance in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Moustapha Anwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Manal Shalaby
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Institute of Genetic Engineering, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amira M Embaby
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hesham Saeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona M Agwa
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Behooth St, Dokki, Giza 12311, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hussein
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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20
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Jin W. The Role of Tyrosine Kinases as a Critical Prognostic Parameter and Its Targeted Therapies in Ewing Sarcoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:613. [PMID: 32754598 PMCID: PMC7381324 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare, highly aggressive, bone, or soft tissue-associated tumor. Although this sarcoma often responds well to initial chemotherapy, 40% of the patients develop a lethal recurrence of the disease, with death recorded in 75-80% of patients with metastatic ES within 5 years, despite receiving high-dose chemotherapy. ES is genetically well-characterized, as indicated by the EWS-FLI1 fusion protein encoded as a result of chromosomal translocation in 80-90% of patients with ES, as well as in ES-related cancer cell lines. Recently, tyrosine kinases have been identified in the pathogenesis of ES. These tyrosine kinases, acting as oncoproteins, are associated with the clinical pathogenesis, metastasis, acquisition of self-renewal traits, and chemoresistance of ES, through the activation of various intracellular signaling pathways. This review describes the recent progress related to cellular and molecular functional roles of tyrosine kinases in the progression of ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wook Jin
- Laboratory of Molecular Disease and Cell Regulation, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
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21
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Gao C, Peng YN, Wang HZ, Fang SL, Zhang M, Zhao Q, Liu J. Inhibition of Heat Shock Protein 90 as a Novel Platform for the Treatment of Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:849-855. [PMID: 31244417 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190503145944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) plays an essential role in various physiological and pathological processes. It activates client proteins to participate in tumor progression. Blocking Hsp90 could enable effective antitumor effects in many tumor types, such as multiple myeloma and colon cancer. Recently, it has motivated an interest in Hsp90 inhibitors that bind to the N-terminal or C-terminal ATP pocket as antitumor drugs. We reviewed the data from experimental and clinical trials on Hsp90 inhibitors in the treatment of different malignancies to explore and summarize their antitumor mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Nan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai-Zhou Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi-Lin Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
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22
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Precision medicine in Ewing sarcoma: a translational point of view. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:1440-1454. [PMID: 32026343 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is a rare tumor that arises in bones of children and teenagers but, in 15% of the patients it is presented as a primary soft tissue tumor. Balanced reciprocal chimeric translocation t(11;22)(q24;q12), which encodes an oncogenic protein fusion (EWSR1/FLI1), is the most generalized and characteristic molecular event. Using conventional treatments, (chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy) long-term overall survival rate is 30% for patients with disseminated disease and 65-75% for patients with localized tumors. Urgent new effective drug development is a challenge. This review summarizes the preclinical and clinical investigational knowledge about prognostic and targetable biomarkers in Ewing sarcoma, finally suggesting a workflow for precision medicine committees.
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23
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Knott MML, Hölting TLB, Ohmura S, Kirchner T, Cidre-Aranaz F, Grünewald TGP. Targeting the undruggable: exploiting neomorphic features of fusion oncoproteins in childhood sarcomas for innovative therapies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 38:625-642. [PMID: 31970591 PMCID: PMC6994515 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
While sarcomas account for approximately 1% of malignant tumors of adults, they are particularly more common in children and adolescents affected by cancer. In contrast to malignancies that occur in later stages of life, childhood tumors, including sarcoma, are characterized by a striking paucity of somatic mutations. However, entity-defining fusion oncogenes acting as the main oncogenic driver mutations are frequently found in pediatric bone and soft-tissue sarcomas such as Ewing sarcoma (EWSR1-FLI1), alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (PAX3/7-FOXO1), and synovial sarcoma (SS18-SSX1/2/4). Since strong oncogene-dependency has been demonstrated in these entities, direct pharmacological targeting of these fusion oncogenes has been excessively attempted, thus far, with limited success. Despite apparent challenges, our increasing understanding of the neomorphic features of these fusion oncogenes in conjunction with rapid technological advances will likely enable the development of new strategies to therapeutically exploit these neomorphic features and to ultimately turn the "undruggable" into first-line target structures. In this review, we provide a broad overview of the current literature on targeting neomorphic features of fusion oncogenes found in Ewing sarcoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma, and give a perspective for future developments. Graphical abstract Scheme depicting the different targeting strategies of fusion oncogenes in pediatric fusion-driven sarcomas. Fusion oncogenes can be targeted on their DNA level (1), RNA level (2), protein level (3), and by targeting downstream functions and interaction partners (4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian M L Knott
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilman L B Hölting
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Shunya Ohmura
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florencia Cidre-Aranaz
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas G P Grünewald
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Kale Ş, Korcum AF, Dündar E, Erin N. HSP90 inhibitor PU-H71 increases radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells metastasized to visceral organs and alters the levels of inflammatory mediators. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:253-262. [PMID: 31522240 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01725-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors are considered as new radiosensitizing agents. PU-H71, a novel HSP90 inhibitor, is under evaluation for the treatment of advanced cancer. It is however not known whether PU-H71 alters radiosensitivity of metastatic breast cancer. Hence, we here evaluated mechanisms of possible anti-tumoral and radiosensitizing effects of PU-H71 on breast carcinoma cells metastasized to vital organs such as the liver and brain. The effect of PU-H71 on proliferation of breast carcinoma cells was determined using 4T1 cells and its brain (4TBM), liver (4TLM), and heart (4THM) metastatic subsets as well as non-metastatic 67NR cells. Changes in radiation sensitivity were determined by clonogenic assays. Changes in client proteins and levels of angiogenic and inflammatory mediators from these cancer cell cultures and ex vivo cultures were detected. PU-H71 alone inhibited ERK1/2, p38, and Akt activation and reduced N-cadherin and HER2 which further documented the anti-tumoral effects of PU-H71. The combination of PU-H71 and radiotherapy induced cytotoxic effect than PU-H71 alone, and PU-H71 showed a radiosensitizing effect in vitro. On the other hand, PU-H71 and radiation co-treatment increased p38 phosphorylation which is one of the hallmarks of inflammatory response. Accordingly, IL-6 secretion was increased following PU-H71 and radiotherapy co-treatment ex vivo. Levels of angiogenic and inflammatory factors such as MIP-2, SDF-1, and VEGF were increased under in vitro conditions but not under ex vivo conditions. These results demonstrated for the first time that PU-H71 enhances therapeutic effects of radiotherapy especially in highly metastatic breast carcinoma but a possible increase in inflammatory response should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şule Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, B-block, First floor, SBAUM, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aylin F Korcum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Dündar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nuray Erin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, B-block, First floor, SBAUM, 07070, Antalya, Turkey.
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25
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Du N, Bao W, Zhang K, Lu X, Crew R, Wang X, Liu G, Wang F. Cytogenetic characterization of the malignant primitive neuroectodermal SK-PN-DW tumor cell line. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:412. [PMID: 31046733 PMCID: PMC6498632 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The SK-PN-DW cell line was established in 1979 and is commercially available. Despite the use of this cell line as an in vitro model for functional and therapeutic studies of malignant primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), there is a lack of complete information about the genetic alterations that are present at the cytogenetic level. Thus, the current study aimed to characterize the cytogenetic profile of this cell line. Methods Routine G-banded chromosome analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization assays were performed to characterize the chromosomal changes in this cell line. Results The G-banded karyotype analysis showed that the number of chromosomes in this cell line ranged between 36 and 41. Importantly, all cells displayed a loss of chromosomes Y, 11, 13, and 18. However, some cells showed an additional loss of chromosome 10. Additionally, the observed structural changes indicated: a) unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 1 and 7; b) translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22 at breakpoints 11q24 and 22q12, which is a classical translocation that is associated with Ewing sarcoma; c) a derivative chromosome due to a whole arm translocation between chromosomes 16 and 17 at likely breakpoints 16p10 and 17q10; and d) possible rearrangement in the short arm of chromosome 18. Moreover, a variable number of double minutes were also observed in each metaphase cell. Furthermore, the microarray assay results not only demonstrated genomic-wide chromosomal imbalance in this cell line and precisely placed chromosomal breakpoints on unbalanced, rearranged chromosomes, but also revealed information about subtle chromosomal changes and the chromosomal origin of double minutes. Finally, the fluorescence in situ hybridization assay confirmed the findings of the routine cytogenetic analysis and microarrays. Conclusion The accurate determination of the cytogenetic profile of the SK-PN-DW cell line is helpful in enabling the research community to utilize this cell line for future identity and comparability studies, in addition to demonstrating the utility of the complete cytogenetic profile, as a public resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Du
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Wanguo Bao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyu Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Rebecca Crew
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Xianfu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Guangming Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Ma Y, Baltezor M, Rajewski L, Crow J, Samuel G, Staggs VS, Chastain KM, Toretsky JA, Weir SJ, Godwin AK. Targeted inhibition of histone deacetylase leads to suppression of Ewing sarcoma tumor growth through an unappreciated EWS-FLI1/HDAC3/HSP90 signaling axis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:957-972. [PMID: 31025088 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (ES) are aggressive pediatric bone and soft tissue tumors driven by EWS-ETS fusion oncogenes, most commonly EWS-FLI1. Treatment of ES patients consists of up to 9 months of alternating courses of 2 chemotherapeutic regimens. Furthermore, EWS-ETS-targeted therapies have yet to demonstrate clinical benefit, thereby emphasizing a clinical responsibility to search for new therapeutic approaches. Our previous in silico drug screening identified entinostat as a drug hit that was predicted to reverse the ES disease signatures and EWS-FLI1-mediated gene signatures. Here, we establish preclinical proof of principle by investigating the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of entinostat in preclinical ES models, as well as characterizing the mechanisms of action and in vivo pharmacokinetics of entinostat. ES cells are preferentially sensitive to entinostat in an EWS-FLI1 or EWS-ERG-dependent manner. Entinostat induces apoptosis of ES cells through G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation, DNA damage, homologous recombination (HR) repair impairment, and caspase activation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate for the first time that HDAC3 is a transcriptional target of EWS-FLI1 and that entinostat inhibits growth of ES cells through suppressing a previously unexplored EWS-FLI1/HDAC3/HSP90 signaling axis. Importantly, entinostat significantly reduces tumor burden by 97.4% (89.5 vs. 3397.3 mm3 of vehicle, p < 0.001) and prolongs the median survival of mice (15.5 vs. 8.5 days of vehicle, p < 0.001), in two independent ES xenograft mouse models, respectively. Overall, our studies demonstrate promising activity of entinostat against ES, and support the clinical development of the entinostat-based therapies for children and young adults with metastatic/relapsed ES. KEY MESSAGES: • Entinostat potently inhibits ES both in vitro and in vivo. • EWS-FLI1 and EWS-ERG confer sensitivity to entinostat treatment. • Entinostat suppresses the EWS-FLI1/HDAC3/HSP90 signaling. • HDAC3 is a transcriptional target of EWS-FLI1. • HDAC3 is essential for ES cell viability and genomic stability maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 4005B Wahl Hall East, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Michael Baltezor
- Lead Development Optimization Shared Resource, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Biotechnology Innovation and Optimization Center, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Institute for Advancing Medical Innovation, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Lian Rajewski
- Lead Development Optimization Shared Resource, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Biotechnology Innovation and Optimization Center, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Jennifer Crow
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 4005B Wahl Hall East, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Glenson Samuel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Vincent S Staggs
- Health Services & Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Kansas City and School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Katherine M Chastain
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Toretsky
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Scott J Weir
- Institute for Advancing Medical Innovation, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 4005B Wahl Hall East, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. .,University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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27
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Abstract
In this Opinion article, we aim to address how cells adapt to stress and the repercussions chronic stress has on cellular function. We consider acute and chronic stress-induced changes at the cellular level, with a focus on a regulator of cellular stress, the chaperome, which is a protein assembly that encompasses molecular chaperones, co-chaperones and other co-factors. We discuss how the chaperome takes on distinct functions under conditions of stress that are executed in ways that differ from the one-on-one cyclic, dynamic functions exhibited by distinct molecular chaperones. We argue that through the formation of multimeric stable chaperome complexes, a state of chaperome hyperconnectivity, or networking, is gained. The role of these chaperome networks is to act as multimolecular scaffolds, a particularly important function in cancer, where they increase the efficacy and functional diversity of several cellular processes. We predict that these concepts will change how we develop and implement drugs targeting the chaperome to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhasini Joshi
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tai Wang
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thaís L S Araujo
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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28
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HSP27 is a partner of JAK2-STAT5 and a potential therapeutic target in myelofibrosis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1431. [PMID: 29650953 PMCID: PMC5897330 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27/HSPB1) is a stress-inducible chaperone that facilitates cancer development by its proliferative and anti-apoptotic functions. The OGX-427 antisense oligonucleotide against HSP27 has been reported to be beneficial against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Here we show that OGX-427 is effective in two murine models of thrombopoietin- and JAKV617F-induced myelofibrosis. OGX-427 limits disease progression and is associated with a reduction in spleen weight, in megakaryocyte expansion and, for the JAKV617F model, in fibrosis. HSP27 regulates the proliferation of JAK2V617F-positive cells and interacts directly with JAK2/STAT5. We also show that its expression is increased in both CD34+ circulating progenitors and in the serum of patients with JAK2-dependent myeloproliferative neoplasms with fibrosis. Our data suggest that HSP27 plays a key role in the pathophysiology of myelofibrosis and represents a new potential therapeutic target for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Myelofibrosis is a chronic degenerative disorder characterized by progressive bone marrow fibrosis. Here, the authors show that the chaperone HSP27 contributes to myelofibrosis via regulation of the JAK2/STAT5 pathway, and that antisense oligonucleotides targeting HSP27 are effective in two mouse models of the disease
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29
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BO-1055, a novel DNA cross-linking agent with remarkable low myelotoxicity shows potent activity in sarcoma models. Oncotarget 2018; 7:43062-43075. [PMID: 27248664 PMCID: PMC5190008 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damaging agents cause rapid shrinkage of tumors and form the basis of chemotherapy for sarcomas despite significant toxicities. Drugs having superior efficacy and wider therapeutic windows are needed to improve patient outcomes. We used cell proliferation and apoptosis assays in sarcoma cell lines and benign cells; γ-H2AX expression, comet assay, immunoblot analyses and drug combination studies in vitro and in patient derived xenograft (PDX) models. BO-1055 caused apoptosis and cell death in a concentration and time dependent manner in sarcoma cell lines. BO-1055 had potent activity (submicromolar IC50) against Ewing sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, intermediate activity in DSRCT (IC50 = 2-3μM) and very weak activity in osteosarcoma (IC50 >10μM) cell lines. BO-1055 exhibited a wide therapeutic window compared to other DNA damaging drugs. BO-1055 induced more DNA double strand breaks and γH2AX expression in cancer cells compared to benign cells. BO-1055 showed inhibition of tumor growth in A673 xenografts and caused tumor regression in cyclophosphamide resistant patient-derived Ewing sarcoma xenografts and A204 xenografts. Combination of BO-1055 and irinotecan demonstrated synergism in Ewing sarcoma PDX models. Potent activity on sarcoma cells and its relative lack of toxicity presents a strong rationale for further development of BO-1055 as a therapeutic agent.
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30
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Generation of novel patient-derived CIC- DUX4 sarcoma xenografts and cell lines. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4712. [PMID: 28680140 PMCID: PMC5498486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CIC-DUX4 sarcoma (CDS) is a group of rare, mesenchymal, small round cell tumours that harbour the unique CIC-DUX4 translocation, which causes aberrant gene expression. CDS exhibits an aggressive course and poor clinical outcome, thus novel therapeutic approaches are needed for CDS treatment. Although patient-derived cancer models are an essential modality to develop novel therapies, none currently exist for CDS. Thus, the present study successfully established CDS patient-derived xenografts and subsequently generated two CDS cell lines from the grafted tumours. Notably, xenografts were histologically similar to the original patient tumour, and the expression of typical biomarkers was confirmed in the xenografts and cell lines. Moreover, the xenograft tumours and cell lines displayed high Src kinase activities, as assessed by peptide-based tyrosine kinase array. Upon screening 119 FDA-approved anti-cancer drugs, we found that only actinomycine D and doxorubicin were effectively suppress the proliferation among the drugs for standard therapy for Ewing sarcoma. However, we identified molecular targeting reagents, such as bortezomib and crizotinib that markedly suppressed the growth of CDS cells. Our models will be useful modalities to develop novel therapeutic strategies against CDS.
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31
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Chavez-Gonzalez A, Bakhshinejad B, Pakravan K, Guzman ML, Babashah S. Novel strategies for targeting leukemia stem cells: sounding the death knell for blood cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 40:1-20. [PMID: 27678246 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-016-0297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor-initiating cells (TICs), are characterized by high self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation capacities. CSCs are thought to play indispensable roles in the initiation, progression and metastasis of many types of cancer. Leukemias are thought to be initiated and maintained by a specific sub-type of CSC, the leukemia stem cell (LSC). An important feature of LSCs is their resistance to standard therapy, which may lead to relapse. Increasing efforts are aimed at developing novel therapeutic strategies that selectively target LSCs, while sparing their normal counterparts and, thus, minimizing adverse treatment-associated side-effects. These LSC targeting therapies aim to eradicate LSCs through affecting mechanisms that control their survival, self-renewal, differentiation, proliferation and cell cycle progression. Some LSC targeting therapies have already been proven successful in pre-clinical studies and they are now being tested in clinical studies, mainly in combination with conventional treatment regimens. CONCLUSIONS A growing body of evidence indicates that the selective targeting of LSCs represents a promising approach to improve disease outcome. Beyond doubt, the CSC hypothesis has added a new dimension to the area of anticancer research, thereby paving the way for shaping a new trend in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Babak Bakhshinejad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoon Pakravan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monica L Guzman
- Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Ave, Box 113, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran.
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32
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Spiegelberg D, Dascalu A, Mortensen AC, Abramenkovs A, Kuku G, Nestor M, Stenerlöw B. The novel HSP90 inhibitor AT13387 potentiates radiation effects in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:35652-66. [PMID: 26452257 PMCID: PMC4742132 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is associated with increased tumor cell survival and radioresistance. In this study we explored the efficacy of the novel HSP90 inhibitor AT13387 and examined its radiosensitizing effects in combination with gamma-radiation in 2D and 3D structures as well as mice-xenografts. AT13387 induced effective cytotoxic activity and radiosensitized cancer cells in monolayer and tumor spheroid models, where low drug doses triggered significant synergistic effects on cell survival together with radiation. Furthermore, AT13387 treatment resulted in G2/M-phase arrest and significantly reduced the migration capacity. The expression of selected client proteins involved in DNA repair, cell-signaling and cell growth was downregulated in vitro, though the expression of most investigated proteins recurred after 8–24 h. These results were confirmed in vivo where AT13387 treated tumors displayed effective downregulation of HSP90 and its oncogenic client proteins. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that AT13387 is a potent new cancer drug and effective radiosensitizer in vitro with an excellent in vivo efficacy. AT13387 treatment has the potential to improve external beam therapy and radionuclide therapy outcomes and restore treatment efficacy in cancers that are resistant to initial therapeutic regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Spiegelberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adrian Dascalu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anja C Mortensen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andris Abramenkovs
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gamze Kuku
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marika Nestor
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Unit of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bo Stenerlöw
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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33
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Taldone T, Zatorska D, Ochiana SO, Smith-Jones P, Koziorowski J, Dunphy MP, Zanzonico P, Bolaender A, Lewis JS, Larson SM, Chiosis G, Pillarsetty N. Radiosynthesis of the iodine-124 labeled Hsp90 inhibitor PU-H71. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 59:129-32. [PMID: 26806023 PMCID: PMC4779400 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an ATP dependent molecular chaperone protein whose function is critical for maintaining several key proteins involved in survival and proliferation of cancer cells. PU-H71 (1), is a potent purine-scaffold based ATP pocket binding Hsp90 inhibitor which has been shown to have potent activity in a broad range of in vivo cancer models and is currently in Phase I clinical trials in patients with advanced solid malignancies, lymphomas, and myeloproliferative neoplasms. In this report, we describe the radiosynthesis of [(124)I]-PU-H71(5); this was synthesized from the corresponding Boc-protected stannane precursor 3 by iododestannylation with [(124)I]-NaI using chloramine-T as an oxidant for 2 min, followed by Boc deprotection with 6 N HCl at 50 °C for 30 min to yield the final compound. The final product 5 was purified using HPLC and was isolated with an overall yield of 55 ± 6% (n = 6, isolated) from 3, and >98% purity and an average specific activity of 980 mCi/µmol. Our report sets the stage for the introduction of [(124)I]-PU-H71 as a potential non-invasive probe for understanding biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of PU-H71 in living subjects using positron emission tomography imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Taldone
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
| | - Danuta Zatorska
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
| | - Stefan O. Ochiana
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
| | - Peter Smith-Jones
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jacek Koziorowski
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark P. Dunphy
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Pat Zanzonico
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Alexander Bolaender
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
| | - Jason S. Lewis
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Steven M. Larson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
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34
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Novel seleno- and thio-urea derivatives with potent in vitro activities against several cancer cell lines. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 113:134-44. [PMID: 26922233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel selenourea derivatives and corresponding thiourea analogs were synthesized and tested against a panel of six human cancer cell lines: melanoma (1205Lu), lung carcinoma (A549), prostatic carcinoma (DU145), colorectal carcinoma (HCT116), pancreatic epithelioid carcinoma (PANC-1) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BxPC3). In general, we found that the selenium-containing derivatives were more potent than their isosteric sulfur analogs. Four selenourea derivatives (1e, 1f, 1g and 1i) showed IC50 values below 10 μM in all of tested cell lines at 72 h. On the basis of its potent activity, compound 1g was selected for further biological evaluation in different colon cancer cell lines. Our results indicated that compound 1g induced apoptosis by caspase activation, along with inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins.
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Roundhill E, Turnbull D, Burchill S. Localization of MRP-1 to the outer mitochondrial membrane by the chaperone protein HSP90β. FASEB J 2015; 30:1712-23. [PMID: 26722004 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-283408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of plasma membrane multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP-1) in Ewing's sarcoma (ES) predicts poor outcome. MRP-1 is also expressed in mitochondria, and we have examined the submitochondrial localization of MRP-1 and investigated the mechanism of MRP-1 transport and role of this organelle in the response to doxorubicin. The mitochondrial localization of MRP-1 was examined in ES cell lines by differential centrifugation and membrane solubilization by digitonin. Whether MRP-1 is chaperoned by heat shock proteins (HSPs) was investigated by immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence microscopy, and HSP knockout using small hairpin RNA and inhibitors (apoptozole, 17-AAG, and NVPAUY). The effect of disrupting mitochondrial MRP-1-dependent efflux activity on the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin was investigated by counting viable cell number. Mitochondrial MRP-1 is glycosylated and localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane, where it is coexpressed with HSP90. MRP-1 binds to both HSP90 and HSP70, although only inhibition of HSP90β decreases expression of MRP-1 in the mitochondria. Disruption of mitochondrial MRP-1-dependent efflux significantly increases the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin (combination index, <0.9). For the first time, we have demonstrated that mitochondrial MRP-1 is expressed in the outer mitochondrial membrane and is a client protein of HSP90β, where it may play a role in the doxorubicin-induced resistance of ES.-Roundhill, E., Turnbull, D., Burchill, S. Localization of MRP-1 to the outer mitochondrial membrane by the chaperone protein HSP90β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Roundhill
- Children's Cancer Research Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
| | - Doug Turnbull
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Burchill
- Children's Cancer Research Group, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom; and
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Ory B, Baud'huin M, Verrecchia F, Royer BBL, Quillard T, Amiaud J, Battaglia S, Heymann D, Redini F, Lamoureux F. Blocking HSP90 Addiction Inhibits Tumor Cell Proliferation, Metastasis Development, and Synergistically Acts with Zoledronic Acid to Delay Osteosarcoma Progression. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:2520-33. [PMID: 26712686 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite recent improvements in therapeutic management of osteosarcoma, ongoing challenges in improving the response to chemotherapy warrants the development of new strategies to improve overall patient survival. Among them, HSP90 is a molecular chaperone involved in the maturation and stability of various oncogenic proteins leading to tumor cells survival and disease progression. We assessed the antitumor properties of a synthetic HSP90 inhibitor, PF4942847, alone or in combination with zoledronic acid in osteosarcoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The effects of PF4942847 were evaluated on human osteosarcoma cells growth and apoptosis. Signaling pathways were analyzed by Western blotting. The consequence of HSP90 therapy combined or not with zoledronic acid was evaluated in mice bearing HOS-MNNG xenografts on tumor growth, associated bone lesions, and pulmonary metastasis. The effect of PF4942847 on osteoclastogenesis was assessed on human CD14(+) monocytes. RESULTS In osteosarcoma cell lines, PF4942847 inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 ±50 nmol/L) and induced apoptosis with an increase of sub-G1 fraction and cleaved PARP. These biologic events were accompanied by decreased expression of Akt, p-ERK, c-Met, and c-RAF1. When administered orally to mice bearing osteosarcoma tumors, PF4942847 significantly inhibited tumor growth by 80%, prolonged survival compared with controls, and inhibited pulmonary metastases by blocking c-Met, FAK, and MMP9 signaling. In contrast to 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), PF4942847 did not induce osteoclast differentiation, and synergistically acted with zoledronic acid to delay osteosarcoma progression and prevent bone lesions. CONCLUSIONS All these data provide a strong rationale for clinical evaluation of PF4942847 alone or in combination with zoledronic acid in osteosarcoma. Clin Cancer Res; 22(10); 2520-33. ©2015 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ory
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Marc Baud'huin
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France. CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Bénédicte Brounais-Le Royer
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Thibaut Quillard
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Amiaud
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Battaglia
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France. CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Francoise Redini
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France
| | - Francois Lamoureux
- Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Nantes, France. INSERM, UMR 957, Nantes, France. LUNAM Université, Nantes, France. Equipe labellisée LIGUE 2012, Nantes, France.
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Pennisi R, Ascenzi P, di Masi A. Hsp90: A New Player in DNA Repair? Biomolecules 2015; 5:2589-618. [PMID: 26501335 PMCID: PMC4693249 DOI: 10.3390/biom5042589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an evolutionary conserved molecular chaperone that, together with Hsp70 and co-chaperones makes up the Hsp90 chaperone machinery, stabilizing and activating more than 200 proteins, involved in protein homeostasis (i.e., proteostasis), transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, and DNA repair. Cells respond to DNA damage by activating complex DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that include: (i) cell cycle arrest; (ii) transcriptional and post-translational activation of a subset of genes, including those associated with DNA repair; and (iii) triggering of programmed cell death. The efficacy of the DDR pathways is influenced by the nuclear levels of DNA repair proteins, which are regulated by balancing between protein synthesis and degradation as well as by nuclear import and export. The inability to respond properly to either DNA damage or to DNA repair leads to genetic instability, which in turn may enhance the rate of cancer development. Multiple components of the DNA double strand breaks repair machinery, including BRCA1, BRCA2, CHK1, DNA-PKcs, FANCA, and the MRE11/RAD50/NBN complex, have been described to be client proteins of Hsp90, which acts as a regulator of the diverse DDR pathways. Inhibition of Hsp90 actions leads to the altered localization and stabilization of DDR proteins after DNA damage and may represent a cell-specific and tumor-selective radiosensibilizer. Here, the role of Hsp90-dependent molecular mechanisms involved in cancer onset and in the maintenance of the genome integrity is discussed and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
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Trendowski M. PU-H71: An improvement on nature's solutions to oncogenic Hsp90 addiction. Pharmacol Res 2015; 99:202-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Combined inhibition of Hsp90 and the proteasome affects NSCLC proteostasis and attenuates cell migration. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 25:998-1006. [PMID: 25153785 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This malignancy is a complex disease, and it is important to identify potential biological targets, the blockade of which would affect multiple downstream signaling cascades. A growing number of reports recognize novel therapeutic targets in the protein homeostasis network responsible for generating and protecting the protein fold. The heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an essential molecular chaperon involved in the posttranslational folding and stability of proteins. It is required for conformational maturation of multiple oncogenic kinases that drive signal transduction and proliferation of cancer cells. However, in the case of unfolded protein accumulation endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is induced and several response pathways such as proteasome functions are activated. The ubiquitin-proteasome system orchestrates the turnover of innumerable cellular proteins. Here, we suggest that the therapeutic efficacy of Hsp90 inhibition may be augmented by coadministering proteasome inhibitor on human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Indeed, we showed that coadministration of the Hsp90 inhibitor 17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG) and proteasome inhibitor (velcade) induced ER stress evidenced by increased unfolded protein response markers. The consequences were evident in multiple aspects of the NSCLC phenotype: reduced viability and cell count, increased apoptotic cell death, and most profoundly, synergistically decreased cell motility. Our findings provide proof-of-concept that targeting ER homeostasis is therapeutically beneficial in NSCLC cell lines.
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40
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Mairinger FD, Walter RFH, Theegarten D, Hager T, Vollbrecht C, Christoph DC, Worm K, Ting S, Werner R, Stamatis G, Mairinger T, Baba H, Zarogoulidis K, Huang H, Li Q, Tsakiridis K, Zarogoulidis P, Schmid KW, Wohlschlaeger J. Gene Expression Analysis of the 26S Proteasome Subunit PSMB4 Reveals Significant Upregulation, Different Expression and Association with Proliferation in Human Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumours. J Cancer 2014; 5:646-54. [PMID: 25157275 PMCID: PMC4142326 DOI: 10.7150/jca.9955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Proteasomal subunit PSMB4 was suggested to be a survival gene in an animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma and in glioblastoma cell lines. In pulmonary adenocarcinoma, a high expression of these genes was found to be associated with poor differentiation and survival. This study investigates the gene expression levels of 26S proteasome subunits in human pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours including typical (TC) and atypical (AC) carcinoid tumours as well as small cell (SCLC) and large cell (LCNEC) neuroendocrine carcinomas. Material and methods: Gene expression levels of proteasomal subunits (PSMA1, PSMA5, PSMB4, PSMB5 and PSMD1) were investigated in 80 neuroendocrine pulmonary tumours (each 20 TC, AC, LCNLC and SCLC) and compared to controls. mRNA levels were determined by using TaqMan assays. Immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays (TMA) was performed to determine the expression of ki67, cleaved caspase 3 and PSMB4. Results: All proteasomal subunit gene expressions were significantly upregulated in TC, AC, SCLC and LCNEC compared to controls. PSMB4 mRNA is differently expressed between all neuroendocrine tumour subtypes demonstrating the highest expression and greatest range in LCNEC (p=0.043), and is significantly associated with proliferative activity (p=0.039). Conclusion: In line with other 26S proteasomal subunits PSMB4 is significantly increased, but differently expressed between pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours and is associated with the proliferative activity. Unlike in pulmonary adenocarcinomas, no association with biological behaviour was observed, suggesting that increased proteasomal subunit gene expression is a common and probably early event in the tumorigenesis of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours regardless of their differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Fred Henry Walter
- 1. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany. ; 2. Ruhrlandklinik, West German Lung Centre, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk Theegarten
- 1. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hager
- 1. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Vollbrecht
- 3. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Karl Worm
- 1. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Saskia Ting
- 1. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Robert Werner
- 1. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Georgios Stamatis
- 5. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, West German Lung Centre, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Mairinger
- 6. Department of Pathology, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hideo Baba
- 1. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Zarogoulidis
- 7. Pulmonary-Oncology, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Haidong Huang
- 8. Department of Respiratory Diseases, Changhai Hospital/First Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, China
| | - Qiang Li
- 8. Department of Respiratory Diseases, Changhai Hospital/First Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, China
| | - Kosmas Tsakiridis
- 9. Thoracic Surgery Department, ``Saint Luke`` Private Clinic, Thessaloniki, Panorama, Greece
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- 7. Pulmonary-Oncology, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kurt Werner Schmid
- 1. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Jeremias Wohlschlaeger
- 1. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
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Chaturvedi A, Hoffman LM, Jensen CC, Lin YC, Grossmann AH, Randall RL, Lessnick SL, Welm AL, Beckerle MC. Molecular dissection of the mechanism by which EWS/FLI expression compromises actin cytoskeletal integrity and cell adhesion in Ewing sarcoma. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2695-709. [PMID: 25057021 PMCID: PMC4161506 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-01-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is the second-most-common bone cancer in children. Driven by an oncogenic chromosomal translocation that results in the expression of an aberrant transcription factor, EWS/FLI, the disease is typically aggressive and micrometastatic upon presentation. Silencing of EWS/FLI in patient-derived tumor cells results in the altered expression of hundreds to thousands of genes and is accompanied by dramatic morphological changes in cytoarchitecture and adhesion. Genes encoding focal adhesion, extracellular matrix, and actin regulatory proteins are dominant targets of EWS/FLI-mediated transcriptional repression. Reexpression of genes encoding just two of these proteins, zyxin and α5 integrin, is sufficient to restore cell adhesion and actin cytoskeletal integrity comparable to what is observed when the EWS/FLI oncogene expression is compromised. Using an orthotopic xenograft model, we show that EWS/FLI-induced repression of α5 integrin and zyxin expression promotes tumor progression by supporting anchorage-independent cell growth. This selective advantage is paired with a tradeoff in which metastatic lung colonization is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashi Chaturvedi
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Laura M Hoffman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | | | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Allie H Grossmann
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - R Lor Randall
- Center for Children's Cancer Research, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 Department of Orthopaedics, Sarcoma Services, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Stephen L Lessnick
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Center for Children's Cancer Research, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132
| | - Alana L Welm
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Mary C Beckerle
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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Dumont SN, Yang D, Dumont AG, Reynoso D, Blay JY, Trent JC. Targeted polytherapy in small cell sarcoma and its association with doxorubicin. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:1458-68. [PMID: 24998445 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A paradigm shift has occurred in the last decade from chemotherapy to targeted therapy for the management of many patients with advanced sarcoma. This work identifies a combination of targeted agents and doxorubicin that are effective against small cell sarcoma cell lines. Three small cell sarcoma cell lines were studied: RD18 (rhabdomyosarcoma), A204 (undifferentiated sarcoma) and TC 71 (Ewing's sarcoma). Each cell line was exposed to increasing concentrations of vorinostat (HDAC inhibitor), 17-DMAG (HSP90 inhibitor), abacavir (anti-telomerase) or sorafenib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) alone, combined with one another, or combined with doxorubicin. Cell viability, cell cycle analysis and apoptosis were assessed by MTS assay, propidium iodide-Annexin V staining, and caspase 3/7 activity, respectively. The Chou and Talalay combination index (CI) was used to determine whether the effects were additive (CI = 1), synergistic (CI < 1) or antagonistic (CI > 1). In monotherapy, targeted agents achieved 30-90% reductions in viability, with the exception of abacavir. Dual-targeted combination therapies with vorinostat, sorafenib and 17-DMAG demonstrated synergy. Abacavir was antagonistic with every other drug and was not further studied. Both vorinostat and 17-DMAG synergized with doxorubicin, achieving 60% cell killing compared to 12% with doxorubicin alone. No synergy was observed for sorafenib with doxorubicin. The triple therapy vorinostat, 17-DMAG and doxorubicin did not show synergy, but increased the subG1 population at 24H, from 30% to 70% compared to monotherapies with an increase in apoptosis. This work provides evidence of synergy of combinations of vorinostat, 17-DMAG and sorafenib in small cell sarcoma. In addition to doxorubicin, these combinations enhance doxorubicin cytotoxicity at therapeutically relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Dumont
- University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA; Medical Oncology Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Public Assistance of Paris Hospitals, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - D Yang
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A G Dumont
- University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - D Reynoso
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J-Y Blay
- Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - J C Trent
- University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA.
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Ambati SR, Lopes EC, Kosugi K, Mony U, Zehir A, Shah SK, Taldone T, Moreira AL, Meyers PA, Chiosis G, Moore MAS. Pre-clinical efficacy of PU-H71, a novel HSP90 inhibitor, alone and in combination with bortezomib in Ewing sarcoma. Mol Oncol 2013; 8:323-36. [PMID: 24388362 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is characterized by multiple deregulated pathways that mediate cell survival and proliferation. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a critical component of the multi-chaperone complexes that regulate the disposition and activity of a large number of proteins involved in cell-signaling systems. We tested the efficacy of PU-H71, a novel HSP90 inhibitor in Ewing sarcoma cell lines, primary samples, benign mesenchymal stromal cells and hematopoietic stem cells. We performed cell cycle analysis, clonogenic assay, immunoblot analysis and reverse phase protein array in Ewing cell lines and in vivo experiments in NSG and nude mice using the A673 cell line. We noted a significant therapeutic window in the activity of PU-H71 against Ewing cell lines and benign cells. PU-H71 treatment resulted in G2/M phase arrest. Exposure to PU-H71 resulted in depletion of critical proteins including AKT, pERK, RAF-1, c-MYC, c-KIT, IGF1R, hTERT and EWS-FLI1 in Ewing cell lines. Our results indicated that Ewing sarcoma tumor growth and the metastatic burden were significantly reduced in the mice injected with PU-H71 compared to the control mice. We also investigated the effects of bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, alone and in combination with PU-H71 in Ewing sarcoma. Combination index (CI)-Fa plots and normalized isobolograms indicated synergism between PU-H71 and bortezomib. Ewing sarcoma xenografts were significantly inhibited when mice were treated with the combination compared to vehicle or either drug alone. This provides a strong rationale for clinical evaluation of PU-H71 alone and in combination with bortezomib in Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth R Ambati
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Eloisi Caldas Lopes
- Department of Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kohji Kosugi
- Department of Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ullas Mony
- Department of Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ahmet Zehir
- Department of Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Smit K Shah
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tony Taldone
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andre L Moreira
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Paul A Meyers
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Malcolm A S Moore
- Department of Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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