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de Saint Germain A, Jacobs A, Brun G, Pouvreau JB, Braem L, Cornu D, Clavé G, Baudu E, Steinmetz V, Servajean V, Wicke S, Gevaert K, Simier P, Goormachtig S, Delavault P, Boyer FD. A Phelipanche ramosa KAI2 protein perceives strigolactones and isothiocyanates enzymatically. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:100166. [PMID: 34746757 PMCID: PMC8553955 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phelipanche ramosa is an obligate root-parasitic weed that threatens major crops in central Europe. In order to germinate, it must perceive various structurally divergent host-exuded signals, including isothiocyanates (ITCs) and strigolactones (SLs). However, the receptors involved are still uncharacterized. Here, we identify five putative SL receptors in P. ramosa and show that PrKAI2d3 is involved in the stimulation of seed germination. We demonstrate the high plasticity of PrKAI2d3, which allows it to interact with different chemicals, including ITCs. The SL perception mechanism of PrKAI2d3 is similar to that of endogenous SLs in non-parasitic plants. We provide evidence that PrKAI2d3 enzymatic activity confers hypersensitivity to SLs. Additionally, we demonstrate that methylbutenolide-OH binds PrKAI2d3 and stimulates P. ramosa germination with bioactivity comparable to that of ITCs. This study demonstrates that P. ramosa has extended its signal perception system during evolution, a fact that should be considered for the development of specific and efficient biocontrol methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anse Jacobs
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Brun
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Equipe d’Accueil 1157, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
- Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Bernard Pouvreau
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Equipe d’Accueil 1157, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Lukas Braem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Cornu
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Clavé
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Emmanuelle Baudu
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Vincent Steinmetz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Vincent Servajean
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Susann Wicke
- Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philippe Simier
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Equipe d’Accueil 1157, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Sofie Goormachtig
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delavault
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Equipe d’Accueil 1157, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - François-Didier Boyer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Corresponding author
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Andersson I, Carlsson GH, Hasse D. Structural Analysis of Strigolactone-Related Gene Products. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2309:245-257. [PMID: 34028692 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1429-7_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Structural knowledge of biological macromolecules is essential for understanding their function and for modifying that function by engineering. Protein crystallography is a powerful method for elucidating molecular structures of proteins, but it is essential that the investigator has a basic knowledge of good practices and of the major pitfalls in the technique. Here we describe issues specific for the case of structural studies of strigolactone (SL) receptor structure and function, and in particular the difficulties associated with capturing complexes of SL receptors with the SL hormone ligand in the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Andersson
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. .,Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway. .,Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Gunilla H Carlsson
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dirk Hasse
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Chemical synthesis and characterization of a new quinazolinedione competitive antagonist for strigolactone receptors with an unexpected binding mode. Biochem J 2019; 476:1843-1856. [PMID: 31186286 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are multifunctional plant hormones regulating essential physiological processes affecting growth and development. In vascular plants, SLs are recognized by α/β hydrolase-fold proteins from the D14/DAD2 (Dwarf14/Decreased Apical Dominance 2) family in the initial step of the signaling pathway. We have previously discovered that N-phenylanthranilic acid derivatives (e.g. tolfenamic acid) are potent antagonists of SL receptors, prompting us to design quinazolinone and quinazolinedione derivatives (QADs and QADDs, respectively) as second-generation antagonists. Initial in silico docking studies suggested that these compounds would bind to DAD2, the petunia SL receptor, with higher affinity than the first-generation compounds. However, only one of the QADs/QADDs tested in in vitro assays acted as a competitive antagonist of SL receptors, with reduced affinity and potency compared with its N-phenylanthranilic acid 'parent'. X-ray crystal structure analysis revealed that the binding mode of the active QADD inside DAD2's cavity was not that predicted in silico, highlighting a novel inhibition mechanism for SL receptors. Despite a ∼10-fold difference in potency in vitro, the QADD and tolfenamic acid had comparable activity in planta, suggesting that the QADD compensates for lower potency with increased bioavailability. Altogether, our results establish this QADD as a novel lead compound towards the development of potent and bioavailable antagonists of SL receptors.
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