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Pan Y, Zou Y, Ma C, Nga TTT, An Q, Miao R, Xia Z, Fan Y, Dong CL, Liu Q, Wang S. Electrocatalytic Coupling of Nitrate and Formaldehyde for Hexamethylenetetramine Synthesis via C-N Bond Construction and Ring Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19572-19579. [PMID: 38973100 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) is extensively used in the defense industry, medicines, food, plastics, rubber, and other applications. Traditional organic synthesis of HMTA relies on ammonia derived from the Haber process at high temperatures and pressures. In contrast, electrochemical methods enable a safe and green one-pot synthesis of HMTA from waste NO3-. However, HMTA synthesis through the electrochemical method is challenging owing to the complex reaction pathways involving C-N bond construction and ring formation. In this study, HMTA was efficiently synthesized over electrochemical oxidation-derived copper (e-OD-Cu), with a yield of 76.8% and a Faradaic efficiency of 74.9% at -0.30 VRHE. The catalytic mechanism and reaction pathway of HMTA synthesis on e-OD-Cu were investigated through a series of in situ characterization methods and density-functional theory calculations. The results demonstrated that the electrocatalytic synthesis of HMTA involved a tandem electrochemical-chemical reaction. Additionally, the results indicated that the presence of Cu vacancies enhanced substrate adsorption and inhibited the further hydrogenation of C═N. Overall, this study provides an electrocatalytic method for HMTA synthesis and an electrochemical strategy for constructing multiple C-N bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chongyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ta Thi Thuy Nga
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Qizheng An
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China
| | - Rong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhongcheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chung-Li Dong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Qinghua Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, P. R. China
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Dhanalakshmi M, Balakrishnan C, Vijayasri M, Parthiban S. Synthesis, structural characterization, and Hirshfeld surface analysis of novel NLO active 1-methyl-1,3,5,7-tetraazaadamantan-1-ium 3-carboxy-5-nitrobenzoate hydrate. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tabassum N, Varras PC, Arshad F, Choudhary MI, Yousuf S. Biological activity tuning of antibacterial urotropine via co-crystallization: synthesis, biological activity evaluation and computational insight. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00226g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Urotropine (1) is a synthetic heterocyclic antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Tabassum
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi-75270
- Pakistan
| | - Panayiotis C. Varras
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ioannina
- GR-45110 Ioannina
- Greece
| | - Fiza Arshad
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi-75270
- Pakistan
| | - Muhammad I. Choudhary
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi-75270
- Pakistan
| | - Sammer Yousuf
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences
- University of Karachi
- Karachi-75270
- Pakistan
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Rivera A, Rojas JJ, Sadat-Bernal J, Ríos-Motta J, Bolte M. Mechanochemical synthesis and X-ray structural characterization of three 3-nitrophenol cocrystals with three aminal cage azaadamantanes: the role of the stereoelectronic effect on intermolecular hydrogen-bonding patterns. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2019; 75:1635-1643. [PMID: 31802753 DOI: 10.1107/s205322961901516x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The structures of the cocrystalline adducts of 3-nitrophenol (3-NP) with 1,3,5,7-tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane [HMTA, (1)] as the 2:1:1 hydrate, 2C6H5NO3·C6H12N4·H2O, (1a), with 1,3,6,8-tetraazatricyclo[4.3.1.13,8]undecane [TATU (2)] as the 2:1 cocrystal, 2C6H5NO3·C7H14N4, (2a), and with 1,3,6,8-tetraazatricyclo[4.4.1.13,8]dodecane [TATD, (3)] as the 2:1 cocrystal, 2C6H5NO3·C8H16N4, (3a), are reported. In the binary crystals (2a) and (3a), the 3-nitrophenol molecules are linked via O-H...N hydrogen bonds into aminal cage azaadamantanes. In (1a), the structure is stabilized by O-H...N and O-H...O hydrogen bonds, and generates ternary cocrystals. There are C-H...O hydrogen bonds present in all three cocrystals, and in (1a), there are also C-H...O and C-H...π interactions present. The presence of an ethylene bridge in the structures of (2) and (3) defines the formation of a hydrogen-bonded motif in the supramolecular architectures of (2a) and (3a). The differences in the C-N bond lengths of the aminal cage structures, as a result of hyperconjugative interactions and electron delocalization, were analysed. These three cocrystals were obtained by the solvent-free assisted grinding method. Crystals suitable for single-crystal X-ray diffraction were grown by slow evaporation from a mixture of hexanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Rivera
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Síntesis de Heterociclos, Cra 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Código Postal 111321, Colombia
| | - Jicli José Rojas
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Síntesis de Heterociclos, Cra 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Código Postal 111321, Colombia
| | - John Sadat-Bernal
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Síntesis de Heterociclos, Cra 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Código Postal 111321, Colombia
| | - Jaime Ríos-Motta
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Síntesis de Heterociclos, Cra 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, Código Postal 111321, Colombia
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Devogelaer JJ, Meekes H, Vlieg E, de Gelder R. Cocrystals in the Cambridge Structural Database: a network approach. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2019; 75:371-383. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520619004694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To obtain a better understanding of which coformers to combine for the successful formation of a cocrystal, techniques from data mining and network science are used to analyze the data contained in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). A network of coformers is constructed based on cocrystal entries present in the CSD and its properties are analyzed. From this network, clusters of coformers with a similar tendency to form cocrystals are extracted. The popularity of the coformers in the CSD is unevenly distributed: a small group of coformers is responsible for most of the cocrystals, hence resulting in an inherently biased data set. The coformers in the network are found to behave primarily in a bipartite manner, demonstrating the importance of combining complementary coformers for successful cocrystallization. Based on our analysis, it is demonstrated that the CSD coformer network is a promising source of information for knowledge-based cocrystal prediction.
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Gołdyn M, Larowska D, Nowak W, Bartoszak-Adamska E. Synthon hierarchy in theobromine cocrystals with hydroxybenzoic acids as coformers. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cocrystals, solids composed of molecular and/or ionic compounds connected by noncovalent interactions, are objects of interest in crystal engineering. Theobromine, as an active pharmaceutical ingredient, was used in cocrystallization with dihydroxybenzoic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gołdyn
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Daria Larowska
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Weronika Nowak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
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Cvetkovski A, Bertolasi V, Ferretti V. Supramolecular hydrogen-bonding patterns of co-crystals containing the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) phloroglucinol andN-heterocycles. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2016; 72:326-34. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520616004406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The active pharmaceutical ingredient phloroglucinol (PHL) has been taken as an illustrative molecule to explore the intermolecular interactions which can be established with other molecular entities to build PHL pharmaceutical co-crystals. The crystal structures of five newly synthesized co-crystals are reported, where PHL is crystallized withN-heterocycles, namely 2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine (1), 2,4-dimethyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine (2), 4-phenylpyridine (3), 2-hydroxypyridine (4) and 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine (5). The structural characteristics of these co-crystals, as far as the hydrogen-bonding networks and the crystalline architectures are concerned, are strongly dependent on the chemical features of the coformer molecules, as well as on their size and shape. A detailed analysis of the intermolecular interactions established in all the PHL co-crystals of known structures has allowed the recognition of some regularities in the packing modes that can be useful in the design of new supramolecular adducts forming predictable structural motifs.
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Chandrasekhar S, Mukherjee S. Salts of hexamethylenetetramine with organic acids: Enhanced anomeric interactions with a lowering of molecular symmetry revealed by crystal structures. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Experimental and theoretical debate on efficient second harmonic generation in Bis (Cinnamic acid): Hexamine cocrystal. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tamboli MI, Krishnaswamy S, Gonnade RG, Shashidhar MS. Identification of Molecular Crystals Capable of Undergoing an Acyl-Transfer Reaction Based on Intermolecular Interactions in the Crystal Lattice. Chemistry 2013; 19:12867-74. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rivera A, Moyano D, Maldonado M, Ríos-Motta J, Reyes A. FT-IR and DFT studies of the proton affinity of small aminal cages. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 74:588-590. [PMID: 19692295 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Revised: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The proton affinity scale of small aminal cages was investigated using experimental and theoretical methodologies. The formation constant (K(f)) was determined for 1:1 hydrogen-bonded complexes between p-fluorophenol (PFP) and some aminal cage type (B) in CCl(4) at 298 K using FT-IR spectrometry. Then, the total interaction energy (E(PFF***B)), the energy of protonation (E(HB+)), the HOMO-LUMO GAP values and the Fukui index were calculated using the DFT/B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of theory as theoretical descriptors. The values of the formation constant and energy changes vary with the tetrahedral character of the nitrogen lone pair. Good correlation between experimental and theoretical scales was observed, evidence for the existence of a relationship between the total energy of interaction calculated by structural parameters and the proton affinity in this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Rivera
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Ciudad Universitaria, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
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Szymańska I, Dolusic E, Dehaen W, Maes W, Ito T, Radecka H. Determination of interaction strength between corrole and phenol derivatives in aqueous media using atomic force microscopy. Supramol Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10610270802406611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Szymańska
- a Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences , Tuwima, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Eddy Dolusic
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Leuven , Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Leuven , Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Wouter Maes
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Leuven , Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Takashi Ito
- c Department of Chemistry , Kansas State University , Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Hanna Radecka
- a Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences , Tuwima, Olsztyn, Poland
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Shipman ST, Douglass PC, Yoo HS, Hinkle CE, Mierzejewski EL, Pate BH. Vibrational dynamics of carboxylic acid dimers in gas and dilute solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:4572-86. [PMID: 17690783 DOI: 10.1039/b704900e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast mid-IR transient absorption spectroscopy has been used to study the vibrational dynamics of hydrogen-bonded cyclic dimers of trifluoroacetic acid and formic acid in both the gas and solution phases (0.05 M in CCl(4)). Ultrafast excitation of the broad O-H cyclic dimer band leads, in the gas phase, to large-scale structural changes of the dimer creating a species with a distinct free O-H stretching band on 20 ps and 200 ps timescales. These timescales are assigned to ring-opening and dissociation of the dimer, respectively. In the solution phase, no such structural rearrangement occurs and our results are consistent with previous studies. The gas phase dynamics are insensitive to both the specific excitation energy (over a span of 550 cm(-1)) and the chemical identity of the dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven T Shipman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
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Rivera A, Ríos-Motta J, Hernández-Barragán A, Joseph-Nathan P. Solid state 1:1 adduct via O–H⋯N hydrogen bond of the aminal 1,3,6,8-tetraazatricyclo[4.4.1.13,8]dodecane (TATD) and hydroquinone. J Mol Struct 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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