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Bakheit AH, Alkahtani HM. Integrated Structural, Functional, and ADMET Analysis of 2-Methoxy-4,6-diphenylnicotinonitrile: The Convergence of X-ray Diffraction, Molecular Docking, Dynamic Simulations, and Advanced Computational Insights. Molecules 2023; 28:6859. [PMID: 37836701 PMCID: PMC10574294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study systematically investigates the molecular structure and electronic properties of 2-methoxy-4,6-diphenylnicotinonitrile, employing X-ray diffraction (XRD) and sophisticated computational methodologies. XRD findings validate the compound's orthorhombic crystallization in the P21212 space group, composed of a pyridine core flanked by two phenyl rings. Utilizing the three-dimensional Hirshfeld surface, the research decodes the molecule's spatial attributes, further supported by exhaustive statistical assessments. Key interactions, such as π-π stacking and H⋯X contacts, are spotlighted, underscoring their role in the crystal's inherent stability and characteristics. Energy framework computations and density functional theory (DFT) analyses elucidate the prevailing forces in the crystal and reveal geometric optimization facets and molecular reactivity descriptors. Emphasis is given to the exploration of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), aromaticity, and π-π stacking capacities. The research culminates in distinguishing electron density distributions, aromatic nuances, and potential reactivity hotspots, providing a holistic view of the compound's structural and electronic landscape. Concurrently, molecular docking investigates its interaction with the lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 protein. Notably, the compound showcases significant interactions with the protein's active site. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the compound's influence on protein stability and flexibility. Although the molecule exhibits strong inhibitory potential against Lp-PLA2, its drug development prospects face challenges related to solubility and interactions with drug transport proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Bakheit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Jyothi K, Hema M, Kumara K, Guru Row T, Lokanath N. Structural elucidation of 1:4:4 stochiometric form of thymine – gallic acid cocrystal hydrate: Hirshfeld surface analysis, 3D energy framework, DFT calculations, and SARS CoV-2 docking studies. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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3
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Mahesha, Hema M, Karthik C, Udaya Kumar A, Pampa K, Mallu P, Lokanath N. Structural conformation and coordination architecture investigation in the solvent induced cis Cu(II) complex containing fluorine-substituted β-diketonate ligand. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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4
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Selective N-allylation via SN2ꞌ reaction: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, theoretical and biological studies of Ethyl (E)-2-(4-aminobenzene-1-sulphonylimino-thiazol-3-yl-methyl)-3-phenyl acrylate. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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5
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Sanakarganesan data T, Elangovan data N, Chandrasekar S, Ganesan E, Balachandran data V, Sowrirajan data S, Balasubramani K, Thomas R. Synthesis, Hirshfeld surface analysis, Computational, Wave function properties, Anticancer and Cytotoxicity activity of di[(p-chlorobenzyl) (dibromo)] (4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)tin (IV) complex. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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6
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Bhaskar C, Elangovan N, Sowrirajan S, Chandrasekar S, Ali OAA, Mahmoud SF, Thomas R. Synthesis, XRD, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT studies, cytotoxicity and anticancer activity of di(m-chlorobenzyl) (dichloro) (4, 7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) tin (IV) complex. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Structural investigations and theoretical insights of a polymethoxy chalcone derivative: Synthesis, crystal structure, 3D energy frameworks and SARS CoV-2 docking studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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8
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Nousheen A, Chandrakanth M, Sagar BK, Somarapu VL. Novel diastereoselective trans 2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran derivatives: Tandem synthesis, crystal structure, antioxidant and anticancer activity. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Amudha G, Santhakumari R, Chandrika D, Mugeshini S, Rajeswari N, Sagadevan S. Growth, spectroscopic and Hirshfeld surface analysis on pyridine urea single crystal. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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10
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Improving hygroscopic stability of palmatine by replacing Clˉ and preparing single crystal of palmatine-salicylic acid. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Synthesis, characterization and bioactivity of novel 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives: Experimental, molecular docking, DFT and POM analyses. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide and Furan-2,5-dicarboxamide Derivatives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27061819. [PMID: 35335183 PMCID: PMC8948770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Derivatives based on pyridine-2-6- and furan-2,5-dicarboxamide scaffolds reveal numerous chemical properties and biological activities. This fact makes them an exciting research topic in supramolecular and coordination chemistry and in discovering new pharmacologically-active compounds. This work aimed to obtain a series of symmetrical pyridine-2-6- and furan-2,5-dicarboxamides through a condensation reaction of the appropriate acyl chlorides and aromatic amides. Successful syntheses were confirmed with NMR spectroscopy. We solved their crystal structures for seven compounds; two pyridine and five furan derivatives. Based on our crystallographic studies, we were able to indicate supramolecular features of the crystals under investigation. Additionally, Hirshfeld surface analysis allowed us to calculate a distribution of intermolecular contacts in the dicarboxamide crystals.
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Growth, computational studies, and docking analysis on α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone hydrochloride monohydrate single crystal. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Cao W, Wang T, Dong W, Lu Z, Tariq QUN, Manzoor S, Zhang J. Synthesis and characterization of energetic salts based on a new coplanar bicyclic cation-5-amino-3-(5-amino-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazolium. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Vanitha U, Elancheran R, Manikandan V, Kabilan S, Krishnasamy K. Design, synthesis, characterization, molecular docking and computational studies of 3-phenyl-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Podshibyakin VА, Shepelenko ЕN, Yu. Karlutova O, Kuzmina LG, Dubonosov AD, Bren VA, Minkin VI. An efficient approach to diarylethene-amino acid photochromic fluorescent hybrids. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Design, synthesis, characterization, and antioxidant activity studies of novel thienyl-pyrazoles. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07592. [PMID: 34355092 PMCID: PMC8322289 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In a sustained search for novel and effective antioxidants, a potential therapeutic leads against renal, and neurological disorders. Amongst the heterocycles, pyrazole and their derivatives have been extensively studied for their biological potencies, particularly to a larger extent for their antioxidant properties. Although many of pyrazole derivatives displayed antioxidant activities, still there is a need of developing efficient protocol for their synthesis, involving ecofriendly conditions, molecules of greater antioxidant efficacy and lesser toxicity, etc. In this context, the current study presents an amberlyst-15 catalysed efficient synthesis of 2-pyrazoline derivatives, 5(a-g) via (3 + 2) annulation of chalcones with phenylhydrazines. Structure proofs of new pyrazoles offered by spectral studies, and the molecular structure of compound 5d of the series by crystallographic studies, which revealed an intra molecular hydrogen bond interactions (C–H⋯N type), and stabilization by C–H...π and π---π molecular interactions. Of the series, compounds 5g and 5h show excellent DPPH (IC50 = 0.245 ± 0.01, and 0.284 ± 0.02 μM); and hydroxyl (IC50 = 0.905 ± 0.01, and 0.892 ± 0.01μM) radical scavenging activities comparable with respective controls, ascorbic acid (IC50 = 0.483 ± 0.01μM) and BHA (IC50 = 1.739 ± 0.01μM). The molecular docking and ADME/Tox studies indicate that, these compounds have good antioxidant activity through π-π stacking with Catalase via Try337 and Phe140, and therefore, might be lead antioxidants for further study.
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Kumar AD, Vivek HK, Srinivasan B, Naveen S, Kumara K, Lokanath NK, Byrappa K, Kumar KA. Design, synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT calculations, anticancer, angiogenic properties of new pyrazole carboxamide derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Yang B, Zhou J, Wang F, Hu XW, Shi Y. Pyrazoline derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors with one hit for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105134. [PMID: 34246970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, to check the effect of the transposition of the rings in typical patterns, a series of pyrazoline derivatives 3a-3t bearing the characteristic 3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl and thiophene moieties were synthesized and evaluated as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Basically, as the concise output of our design, a majority of the synthesized compounds showed potency in inhibiting the tubulin polymerization. The top hit, 3q, exhibited potent anti-proliferation activity on cancer cell lines. It was comparable on tubulin-polymerization inhibition with the positive control Colchicine but lower toxic. The VEGFR2 inhibitory potency was introduced occasionally. The flow cytometry assay confirmed the apoptotic procedure and the confocal imaging revealed the tubulin-microtubule dynamics pattern. The anti-cancer mechanism of 3q was similar to Colchicine but not exactly the same on forming multi-polar spindles. The docking simulation visualized the possible binding patterns of 3q into tubulin and VEGFR2, respectively. The results inferred that further investigations on the transposition of the rings might lead to the improvement of tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity and the steadily introduction of the VEGFR2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
| | - Jiahua Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Fa Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276005, China
| | - Yujun Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China.
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Pugachev AD, Ozhogin IV, Lukyanova MB, Lukyanov BS, Kozlenko AS, Rostovtseva IA, Makarova NI, Tkachev VV, Aldoshin SM, Metelitsa AV. Synthesis, structure and photochromic properties of indoline spiropyrans with electron-withdrawing substituents. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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21
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Pasha AR, Khalid M, Shafiq Z, Khan MU, Naseer MM, Tahir MN, Hussain R, Braga AAC, Jawaria R. A comprehensive study of structural, non-covalent interactions and electronic insights into N-aryl substituted thiosemicarbazones via SC-XRD and first-principles DFT approach. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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22
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Shruthi C, Ravindrachary V, Guruswamy B, Prasad DJ, Goveas J, Kumara K, Lokanath N. Molecular structure, Hirshfeld surface and density functional theoretical analysis of a NLO active chalcone derivative single crystal—A quantum chemical approach. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Naveen S, Kumara K, Kumar AD, Kumar KA, Zarrouk A, Warad I, Lokanath N. Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, antioxidant properties and DFT calculations of a novel pyrazole derivative: Ethyl 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Moreno-Fuquen R, Hincapié-Otero MM, Becerra D, Castillo JC, Portilla J, Macías MA. Synthesis of 1-aroyl-3-methylsulfanyl-5-amino-1,2,4-triazoles and their analysis by spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and theoretical calculations. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Karthik C, Kumara K, Naveen S, Mallesha L, Mallu P, Deepa Urs M, Lokanath N. Thermal, optical, etching, structural studies and theoretical calculations of [1-(2, 5-Dichloro-benzenesulfonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-methanone oxime. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Channa Basappa V, Hamse Kameshwar V, Kumara K, Achutha DK, Neratur Krishnappagowda L, Kariyappa AK. Design and synthesis of coumarin-triazole hybrids: biocompatible anti-diabetic agents, in silico molecular docking and ADME screening. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05290. [PMID: 33102875 PMCID: PMC7575805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study demonstrates the synthesis of coumarin-triazole hybrids 8 (a-e) in four steps starting from substituted salicylaldehyde 1 (a-e), and diethyl malonate 2. The spectroscopic studies provide the structure proofs of the new compounds, and the molecular structure of an intermediate 3a by crystallographic studies. The crystal structure analysis revealed the C–H...O, C–H... π, C–O...π and π...π molecular interactions. Further, the intermolecular interactions were quantified using Hirshfeld surface analysis and the DFT method B3LYP functional with 6–311++ G (d,p) basis set was employed to optimize the molecular geometry. The synthesized new coumarin-triazole hybrids, 8 (a–e) were screened for their α-amylase inhibitory potentials, and the results suggest that amongst the series, compounds 8c, and 8e show the promising inhibition of the enzyme, and might act as lead molecules for anti-diabetic activities. To understand the mode of action in silico molecular docking and ADME screening were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Hamse Kameshwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University-Centre for Research and Innovation, Adichunchanagiri University B.G Nagara, Mandya, India
| | - Karthik Kumara
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India.,Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Jain University (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India
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Jyothi K, Kumara K, Hema M, Mahesha, Gautam R, Guru Row T, Lokanath N. Structural elucidation, theoretical insights and thermal properties of three novel multicomponent molecular forms of gallic acid with hydroxypyridines. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Two new benzamides: Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, X-ray diffraction, and electronic structure analyses. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Kala AA, Kumara K, Harohally NV, Lokanath N. Synthesis, characterization and hydrogen bonding attributes of halogen bonded O-hydroxy Schiff bases: Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT studies. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Chakib I, El Bakri Y, Lai CH, Benbacer L, Zerzouf A, Essassi EM, Mague JT. Synthesis, anticancer evaluation in vitro, DFT, Hirshfeld surface analysis of some new 4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-one derivatives. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.126910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Evaluation of structural, Hirshfeld surface and density functional theory of novel NLO thienyl chalcone single crystal. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Structural characterization of benzoyl-1H-pyrazole derivatives obtained in lemon juice medium: Experimental and theoretical approach. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.05.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kumara K, Al-Ostoot FH, Mohammed YHE, Khanum SA, Lokanath NK. Synthesis, crystal structure and 3D energy frameworks of ethyl 2-[5-nitro-2-oxopyridine-1(2H)-yl] acetate: Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT calculations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2019.100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kumar AD, Prabhudeva MG, Bharath S, Kumara K, Lokanath NK, Kumar KA. Design and Amberlyst-15 mediated synthesis of novel thienyl-pyrazole carboxamides that potently inhibit Phospholipase A2 by binding to an allosteric site on the enzyme. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:444-452. [PMID: 29986189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation-mediated disorders are on the rise and hence, there is an urgent need for the design and synthesis of new anti-inflammatory drugs with higher affinity and specificity for their potential targets. The current study presents an effective and new protocol for the synthesis of thienyl-pyrazoles through 3 + 2 annulations using a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst Amberlyst-15. Chalcones 3(a-g) prepared from 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde and acetophenones by Claisen-Schmidt approach reacted with semicarbazide hydrochloride 4 in the presence of Amberlyst-15 in acetonitrile at room temperature producing thienyl-pyrazole carboxamides 5(a-h) in good yields. Alternatively, the compounds 5(a-h) were prepared by conventional method using acetic acid (30%) medium. Structures of synthesized new pyrazoles were confirmed by spectral and crystallographic studies. All the new compounds were evaluated for their in vitro inhibition of Phospholipase A2 from Vipera russelli and preliminary studies revealed that, amongst the designed series, compounds 5b, 5c and 5h showed promising inhibition. Further, the compounds exhibited linear mixed-type inhibition behavior for the sPLA2 enzyme indicating that they bind to an allosteric site distinct from either the calcium or substrate binding site on the enzyme. These kinetic conclusions were further validated by macromolecular rigid-body docking whereby compounds 5c and 5h showed binding to distinct pockets on the protein. These findings present a promising series of lead molecules that can serve as prototypes for the treatment of inflammatory related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achutha Dileep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja College, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570005, India
| | | | - Srinivasan Bharath
- Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Fellow, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Karthik Kumara
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570006, India
| | | | - Kariyappa Ajay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja College, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570005, India.
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Amberlyst-15 catalyzed synthesis of novel thiophene–pyrazoline derivatives: spectral and crystallographic characterization and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial evaluation. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3501-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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