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Sechoaro K, Aucamp J, Kannigadu C, Janse van Rensburg HD, Suganuma K, N'Da DD. Investigation of Novel Isatinylhydantoin Derivatives as Potential Anti-Kinetoplastid Agents. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400533. [PMID: 39344346 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases are a group of infectious diseases with a high endemicity in developing countries of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Treatment for these diseases depends solely on chemotherapy, which is associated with severe side effects, toxicity, and the development of parasitic resistance. This highlights a critical need to develop new and effective drugs to curb these diseases. As a result, a series of novel isatinylhydantoin derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro anti-kinetoplastid activity against seven human- or animal-infective Trypanosoma and two human-infective Leishmania species. The synthesized derivatives were tested for potential cytotoxicity against human, animal, and parasite host-related cell lines. The isatinylhydantoin hybrid 4 b bearing 5-chloroisatin and p-bromobenzyl moieties, showed strong trypanocidal activity against blood-stage T. congolense parasites; however, the promising in vitro trypanocidal potency of 4 b could not be translated to in vivo treatment efficacy in a preliminary animal study. Compounds 5, 2 b, and 5 b, were the most active against amastigotes of L. donovani, showing higher leishmanicidal activity than the reference drug, amphotericin B. These compounds were identified as early antileishmanicidal leads, and future investigations will focus on confirming their antileishmanial potential through in vivo efficacy evaluation as well as their exact mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keamogetswe Sechoaro
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, 11 Hoffmann Street, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Janine Aucamp
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, 11 Hoffmann Street, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Christina Kannigadu
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, 11 Hoffmann Street, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Helena D Janse van Rensburg
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, 11 Hoffmann Street, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Keisuke Suganuma
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - David D N'Da
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, 11 Hoffmann Street, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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2
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Nimmo AJ, Kasten K, White G, Roeterdink J, McKay AP, Cordes DB, Smith AD. One-Pot Access to Functionalised Malamides via Organocatalytic Enantioselective Formation of Spirocyclic β-Lactone-Oxindoles and Double Ring-Opening. Molecules 2024; 29:3635. [PMID: 39125040 PMCID: PMC11313722 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Malamides (diamide derivatives of malic acid) are prevalent in nature and of significant biological interest, yet only limited synthetic methods to access functionalised enantiopure derivatives have been established to date. Herein, an effective synthetic method to generate this molecular class is developed through in situ formation of spirocyclic β-lactone-oxindoles (employing a known enantioselective isothiourea-catalysed formal [2+2] cycloaddition of C(1)-ammonium enolates and isatin derivatives) followed by a subsequent dual ring-opening protocol (of the β-lactone and oxindole) with amine nucleophiles. The application of this protocol is demonstrated across twelve examples to give densely functionalised malamide derivatives with high enantio- and diastereo-selectivity (up to >95:5 dr and >99:1 er).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew David Smith
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK; (A.J.N.); (K.K.); (G.W.); (J.R.); (A.P.M.)
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3
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Tamaddon-Abibigloo Y, Dastmalchi S, Razzaghi-Asl N, Shahbazi Mojarrad J. Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluations of new isatin-triazine- aniline hybrids as potent anti- Alzheimer multi-target directed lead compounds. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107355. [PMID: 38657528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Multi target directed ligands (MTDLs) are one of the promising tools for treatment of complex disease like Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, using rational design, we synthesized new 15 hybrids of the s-triazine, isatin and aniline derivatives as anti- AD compounds. The design was as way as that new compounds could had anti cholinesterase (ChE), antioxidant and biometal chelation ability. In vitro biological evaluation against ChE enzymes showed that these molecules were excellent inhibitors with IC50 values ranging from 0.2 nM to 734.5 nM for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and 0.02 μM to 1.92 μM for butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Among these compounds, 8 l with IC50 AChE = 0.7 nM, IC50 BChE = 0.09 μM and 8n with IC50 AChE = 0.2 nM, IC50 BChE = 0.03 μM were the most potent compounds. In silico studies showed that these molecules had key and effective interactions with the corresponding enzymes residues. The molecules with hydroxyl group on aniline moiety had also good antioxidant activity with EC50 values ranging from 64.2 μM to 103.6 μM. The UV-Vis spectroscopy study revealed that molecule 8n was also able to chelate biometals such as Zn2+, Cu2+and Fe2+ properly. It was concluded that these molecules could be excellent lead compounds for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Tamaddon-Abibigloo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Nima Razzaghi-Asl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Javid Shahbazi Mojarrad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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4
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Khan D, Shaily. Recent advances in isatin-based chemosensors: A comprehensive review. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4756. [PMID: 38838075 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
A comprehensive review presents an illuminating exploration of the vast potential of isatin, an easily accessible organic compound. This review is a valuable resource, offering a concise yet comprehensive account of the recent breakthroughs in isatin applications in medicinal chemistry, fluorescence sensing, and organic synthesis. Moreover, it dives into the exciting advancements in isatin-based chemosensors, demonstrating their remarkable ability to detect and recognize diverse cations and anions with exceptional precision. Researchers and scientists in the fields of sensing and organic chemistry will find this review indispensable for sparking innovation and developing cutting-edge technologies with significant real-world impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Shaily
- Department of Chemistry, D. B. S. (P.G.) College, Dehradun, India
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5
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Singh A, Singh K, Sharma A, Sharma S, Batra K, Joshi K, Singh B, Kaur K, Chadha R, Bedi PMS. Mechanistic insight and structure activity relationship of isatin-based derivatives in development of anti-breast cancer agents. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1165-1198. [PMID: 37329491 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is most common in women and most difficult to manage that causes highest mortality and morbidity among all diseases and posing significant threat to mankind as well as burden on healthcare system. In 2020, 2.3 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer and it was responsible for 685,000 deaths globally, suggesting the severity of this disease. Apart from that, relapsing of cases and resistance among available anticancer drugs along with associated side effects making the situation even worse. Therefore, it is a global emergency to develop potent and safer antibreast cancer agents. Isatin is most versatile and flying one nucleus which is an integral competent and various anticancer agent in clinical practice and widely used by various research groups around the globe for development of novel, potent, and safer antibreast cancer agents. This review will shed light on the structural insights and antiproliferative potential of various isatin-based derivatives developed for targeting breast cancer in last three decades that will help researchers in design and development of novel, potent, and safer isatin-based antibreast cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Sambhav Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Kevin Batra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Kaustubh Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Brahmjeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Renu Chadha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
- Drug and Pollution Testing Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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6
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Mushtaq A, Asif R, Humayun WA, Naseer MM. Novel isatin-triazole based thiosemicarbazones as potential anticancer agents: synthesis, DFT and molecular docking studies. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14051-14067. [PMID: 38686286 PMCID: PMC11057040 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01937g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Thiosemicarbazones of isatin have been found to exhibit versatile bioactivities. In this study, two distinct types of isatin-triazole hybrids 3a and 3b were accessed via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC), together with their mono and bis-thiosemicarbazone derivatives 4a-h and 5a-h. In addition to the characterization by physical, spectral and analytical data, a DFT study was carried out to obtain the optimized geometries of all thiosemicarbazones. The global reactivity values showed that among the synthesized derivatives, 4c, 4g and 5c having nitro substituents are the most soft compounds, with compound 5c having the highest electronegativity and electrophilicity index values among the synthesized series, thus possessing strong binding ability with biomolecules. Molecular docking studies were performed to explore the inhibitory ability of the selected compounds against the active sites of the anticancer protein of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Among the synthesized derivatives, 4-nitro substituted bisthiosemicarbazone 5c showed the highest binding energy of -10.3 kcal mol-1. These findings demonstrated that compound 5c could be used as a favored anticancer scaffold via the mechanism of inhibition against the PI3K signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Rabbia Asif
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmed Humayun
- Department of Medical Oncology & Radiotherapy, King Edward Medical University Lahore 54000 Pakistan
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7
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Akhtar M, Lai L, Tian T, Zhang X, Cheng H, Lin L. A series of indole-derived γ-hydroxy propiolate esters as potent anti-inflammatory agents: Design, synthesis, in-vitro and in-vivo biological studies. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116376. [PMID: 38569433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
A variety of novel indole-derived γ-hydroxy propiolate esters were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity in-vitro and in-vivo. According to the nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory analysis, all compounds showed potent NO inhibitory ability in a dose-dependent manner, with no apparent cytotoxicity. The model compound, L-37, also exhibited significant potency in PGE2 inhibition. In addition, compounds L-37 and L-39 can downregulate the expression of COX-2 enzyme at 5 μM via ELISA experiment. Compound L-37 (1 μM) also inhibited the PGF1 production as well as the expression of COX-1, but displayed weak inhibition activity towards the Leukotrienes (LT) and Thromboxane-B2 (TXB-2) production. However, the expression of 5-LOX was significantly inhibited by compound L-39 at 5 μM. Xylene-induced ear edema model was explored for in-vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation, compound L-37 showed similar inhibitory activity compared with celecoxib, approximately 80% at 50 mg/kg dosage. Every outcome showed that the newly synthesized compounds can effectively inhibit inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akhtar
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Luhao Lai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Ting Tian
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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8
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Rohila Y, Sebastian S, Ansari A, Kumar D, Mishra DK, Gupta MK. A Comprehensive Review of the Diverse Spectrum Activity of 1,2,3-Triazole-linked Isatin Hybrids. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301612. [PMID: 38332679 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2,3-triazole and isatin as core structures have emerged as promising drug candidates due to their diverse biological activities such as anti-cancer, antifungal, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-epileptic, antiviral, and more. The presence of 1,2,3-triazoles and isatin heterocycles in these hybrids, both individually known for their medicinal significance, has increasingly piqued the interest of drug discovery researchers, as they seek to delve deeper into their extensive pharmacological potential for enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, these hybrid compounds are synthetically accessible using readily available materials. Therefore, there is a pressing need to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge in this field, offering valuable insights to readers and paving the way for the discovery of novel 1,2,3-triazole-linked isatin hybrids with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajat Rohila
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana. Mahendergarh-123031, Haryana, India
| | - Sharol Sebastian
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana. Mahendergarh-123031, Haryana, India
| | - Azaj Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana. Mahendergarh-123031, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - D K Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial College of Engineering & Management, Lucknow, 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana. Mahendergarh-123031, Haryana, India
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9
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Maiuolo L, Tallarida MA, Meduri A, Fiorani G, Jiritano A, De Nino A, Algieri V, Costanzo P. 1,2,3-Triazole Hybrids Containing Isatins and Phenolic Moieties: Regioselective Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies. Molecules 2024; 29:1556. [PMID: 38611835 PMCID: PMC11013233 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of hybrid molecules is one of the current strategies of drug discovery for the development of new lead compounds. The 1,2,3-triazole moiety represents an important building block in Medicinal Chemistry, extensively present in recent years. In this paper, we presented the design and the synthesis of new 1,2,3-triazole hybrids, containing both an isatine and a phenolic core. Firstly, the non-commercial azide and the alkyne synthons were prepared by different isatines and phenolic acids, respectively. Then, the highly regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted triazoles was obtained in excellent yields by a click chemistry approach, catalyzed by Cu(I). Finally, a molecular docking study was performed on the hybrid library, finding four different therapeutic targets. Among them, the most promising results were obtained on 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme involved in the inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Maiuolo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.D.N.)
| | | | - Angelo Meduri
- RINA Consulting—Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA, Zona Industriale San Pietro Lametino, Comparto 1, 88046 Lamezia Terme, CZ, Italy;
| | - Giulia Fiorani
- Department Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca’ Foscari Venezia, 30172 Mestre, VE, Italy;
| | - Antonio Jiritano
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.D.N.)
| | - Antonio De Nino
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.D.N.)
| | - Vincenzo Algieri
- IRCCS NEUROMED—Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Paola Costanzo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (L.M.); (A.J.); (A.D.N.)
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Hossain MS, Rahman MA, Dey PR, Khandocar MP, Ali MY, Snigdha M, Coutinho HDM, Islam MT. Natural Isatin Derivatives Against Black Fungus: In Silico Studies. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:113. [PMID: 38472456 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03621-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
During this coronavirus pandemic, when a lot of people are already severely afflicted with SARS-CoV-19, the dispersion of black fungus is making it worse, especially in the Indian subcontinent. Considering this situation, the idea for an in silico study to identify the potential inhibitor against black fungal infection is envisioned and computational analysis has been conducted with isatin derivatives that exhibit considerable antifungal activity. Through this in silico study, several pharmacokinetics properties like absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) are estimated for various derivatives. Lipinski rules have been used to observe the drug likeliness property, and to study the electronic properties of the molecules, quantum mechanism was analyzed using the density functional theory (DFT). After applying molecular docking of the isatin derivatives with sterol 14-alpha demethylase enzyme of black fungus, a far higher docking affinity score has been observed for the isatin sulfonamide-34 (derivative 1) than the standard fluconazole. Lastly, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation has been performed for 100 ns to examine the stability of the proposed drug complex by estimating Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD), Radius of gyration (Rg), Solvent accessible surface area (SASA), Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF), as well as hydrogen bond. Listed ligands have precisely satisfied every pharmacokinetics requirement for a qualified drug candidate and they are non-toxic, non-carcinogenic, and have high stability. This natural molecule known as isatin derivative 1 has shown the potential of being a drug for fungal treatment. However, the impact of the chemicals on living cells requires more investigation and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saddam Hossain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Prithbey Raj Dey
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur, 1707, Bangladesh
| | - Md Parvez Khandocar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md Yeakub Ali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Mahajabin Snigdha
- Department of Pharmacy, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
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11
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Kumar S, Jayan J, Manoharan A, Benny F, Abdelgawad MA, Ghoneim MM, El-Sherbiny M, Thazhathuveedu Sudevan S, Aneesh TP, Mathew B. Discerning of isatin-based monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors for neurodegenerative disorders by exploiting 2D, 3D-QSAR modelling and molecular dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2328-2340. [PMID: 37261844 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2214216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Almost a billion people worldwide suffer from neurological disorders, which pose public health challenges. An important enzyme that is well-known for many neurodegenerative illnesses is monoamine oxidase (MAO). Although several promising drugs for the treatment of MAO inhibition have recently been examined, it is still necessary to identify the precise structural requirements for robust efficacy. Atom-based, field-based, and GA-MLR (genetic algorithm multiple linear regression) models were created for this investigation. All of the models have strong statistical (R2 and Q2) foundations because of both internal and external validation. Our dataset's molecule has a higher docking score than safinamide, a well-known and co-crystallized MAO-B inhibitor, as we also noticed. Using the SwissSimilarity platform, we further inquired which of our docked molecules would be the best for screening. We chose ZINC000016952895 as the screen molecule with the best binding docking score (XP score = -13.3613). Finally, the 100 ns for the ZINC000016952895-MAO-B complex in our MD investigations is stable. For compounds that we hit, also anticipate ADME properties. Our research revealed that the successful compound ZINC000016952895 might pave the way for the future development of MAO inhibitors for the treatment of neurological disease.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Jayalakshmi Jayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Amritha Manoharan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Feba Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, College of pharmacy, Jouf university, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachithra Thazhathuveedu Sudevan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - T P Aneesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
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12
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Apaydın ÇB, Göktaş F, Naesens L, Karalı N. Novel 2-indolinone derivatives as promising agents against respiratory syncytial and yellow fever viruses. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:295-310. [PMID: 38288568 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: A vaccine or antiviral drug for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections and a specific antiviral drug for yellow fever virus (YFV) infections has not yet been developed. Method: In this study, 2-indolinone-based N-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)hydrazinecarbothioamides were synthesized. Along with these new compounds, previously synthesized 2-indolinone-based N-(3-sulfamoylphenyl)hydrazinecarbothioamides were evaluated against various DNA and RNA viruses. Results: Some 2-indolinone compounds exhibited nontoxic and selective antiviral activities against RSV and YFV. Halogen substitution at the indole ring increased the anti-RSV activities. Moreover, 1-benzyl and 5-halogen or nitro-substituted compounds were the most effective compounds against YFV. Conclusion: Generally, the 3-sulfonamide-substituted compounds were determined to be more effective than 4-sulfonamide-substituted compounds against RSV and YFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağla Begüm Apaydın
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34126, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Füsun Göktaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34126, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lieve Naesens
- Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Transplantation, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nilgün Karalı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34126, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Oguz A, Saglik BN, Oguz M, Ozturk B, Yilmaz M. Novel mitochondrial and DNA damaging fluorescent Calix[4]arenes bearing isatin groups as aromatase inhibitors: Design, synthesis and anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 98:117586. [PMID: 38171252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer causes a high rate of mortality all over the world. Therefore, the present study focuses on the anticancer activity of new lower rim-functionalized calix[4]arenes integrated with isatin and the p-position of calixarenes with 1,4-dimethylpyridinium iodine against various human cancer cells such as MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, as well as the PNT1A healthy epithelial cell line. It was observed that compound 6c had the lowest values in MCF-7 (8.83 µM) and MDA-MB-231 (3.32 µM). Cell imaging and apoptotic activity studies were performed using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry, respectively. The confocal imaging studies with 6c showed that the compound easily entered the cell, and it was observed that 6c accumulated in the mitochondria. The Comet assay test was used to detect DNA damage of compounds in cells. It was found that treated cells had abnormal tail nuclei and damaged DNA structures compared with untreated cells. In vitro human aromatase enzyme inhibition profiles showed that compound 6c had a remarkable inhibitory effect on aromatase. Compound 6c displayed a significant inhibition capacity on aromatase enzyme with the IC50 value of 0.104 ± 0.004 µM. Thus, not only the anticancer activity of the new fluorescent derivatives, which are the subject of this study, but the aromatase inhibitory profiles have also been proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alev Oguz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Selcuk, Campus, 42031 Konya, Turkey
| | - Begum Nurpelin Saglik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Oguz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Selcuk, Campus, 42031 Konya, Turkey
| | - Bahadir Ozturk
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, 42131 Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Selcuk, Campus, 42031 Konya, Turkey.
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14
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Pinto AF, Nunes JS, Severino Martins JE, Leal AC, Silva CCVC, da Silva AJFS, da Cruz Olímpio DS, da Silva ETN, Campos TA, Lima Leite AC. Thiazole, Isatin and Phthalimide Derivatives Tested in vivo against Cancer Models: A Literature Review of the Last Six Years. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2991-3032. [PMID: 37170994 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230426154055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a disease characterized by the abnormal multiplication of cells and is the second leading cause of death in the world. The search for new effective and safe anticancer compounds is ongoing due to factors such as low selectivity, high toxicity, and multidrug resistance. Thus, heterocyclic compounds derived from isatin, thiazole and phthalimide that have achieved promising in vitro anticancer activity have been tested in vivo and in clinical trials. OBJECTIVE This review focused on the compilation of promising data from thiazole, isatin, and phthalimide derivatives, reported in the literature between 2015 and 2022, with in vivo anticancer activity and clinical trials. METHODS A bibliographic search was carried out in the PUBMED, MEDLINE, ELSEVIER, and CAPES PERIODIC databases, selecting relevant works for each pharmacophoric group with in vivo antitumor activity in the last 6 years. RESULTS In our study, 68 articles that fit the scope were selected and critically analyzed. These articles were organized considering the type of antitumor activity and their year of publication. Some compounds reported here demonstrated potent antitumor activity against several tumor types. CONCLUSION This review allowed us to highlight works that reported promising structures for the treatment of various cancer types and also demonstrated that the privileged structures thiazole, isatin and phthalimide are important in the design of new syntheses and molecular optimization of compounds with antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ferreira Pinto
- Laboratory of Planning in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Janine Siqueira Nunes
- Laboratory of Planning in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Severino Martins
- Regulatory Affairs Advisory, Empresa Brasileira de Hemoderivados e Biotecnologia (HEMOBRAS), CEP 51021-410, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Amanda Calazans Leal
- Laboratory of Planning in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Carla Cauanny Vieira Costa Silva
- Laboratory of Planning in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Anderson José Firmino Santos da Silva
- Laboratory of Planning in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Daiane Santiago da Cruz Olímpio
- Laboratory of Planning in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Elineide Tayse Noberto da Silva
- Laboratory of Planning in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Thiers Araújo Campos
- Laboratory of Planning in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Lima Leite
- Laboratory of Planning in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
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15
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Benny F, Oh JM, Kumar S, Abdelgawad MA, Ghoneim MM, Abdel-Bakky MS, Kukerti N, Jose J, Kim H, Mathew B. Isatin-based benzyloxybenzene derivatives as monoamine oxidase inhibitors with neuroprotective effect targeting neurogenerative disease treatment. RSC Adv 2023; 13:35240-35250. [PMID: 38053684 PMCID: PMC10694828 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07035b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eighteen isatin-based benzyloxybenzaldehyde derivatives from three subseries, ISB, ISFB, and ISBB, were synthesized and their ability to inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO) was evaluated. The inhibitory activity of all synthesized compounds was found to be more profound against MAO-B than MAO-A. Compound ISB1 most potently inhibited MAO-B with an IC50 of 0.124 ± 0.007 μM, ensued by ISFB1 (IC50 = 0.135 ± 0.002 μM). Compound ISFB1 most potently inhibited MAO-A with an IC50 of 0.678 ± 0.006 μM, ensued by ISBB3 (IC50 = 0.731 ± 0.028 μM), and had the highest selectivity index (SI) value (55.03). The three sub-parental compounds, ISB1, ISFB1, and ISBB1, had higher MAO-B inhibition than the other derivatives, indicating that the substitutions of the 5-H in the A-ring of isatin diminished the inhibition of MAO-A and MAO-B. Among these, ISB1 (para-benzyloxy group in the B-ring) displayed more significant MAO-B inhibition when compared to ISBB1 (meta-benzyloxy group in the B-ring). ISB1 and ISFB1 were identified to be competitive and reversible MAO-B inhibitors, having Ki values of 0.055 ± 0.010, and 0.069 ± 0.025 μM, respectively. Furthermore, in the parallel artificial membrane penetration assay, ISB1 and ISFB1 traversed the blood-brain barrier in the in vitro condition. Additionally, the current study found that ISB1 decreased rotenone-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. In docking and simulation studies, the hydrogen bonding formed by the imino nitrogen in ISB1 and the pi-pi stacking interaction of the phenyl ring in isatin significantly aided in the protein-ligand complex's stability, effectively inhibiting MAO-B. According to these observations, the MAO-B inhibitors ISB1 and ISFB1 were potent, selective, and reversible, making them conceivable therapies for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feba Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham AIMS Health Sciences Campus Kochi 682041 India
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham AIMS Health Sciences Campus Kochi 682041 India
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka 72341 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University Ad Diriyah 13713 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Sadek Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University Buraydah 51452 Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukerti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun Uttarakhand 248002 India
| | - Jobin Jose
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, NITTE University Mangalore Karnataka 575018 India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham AIMS Health Sciences Campus Kochi 682041 India
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16
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Bogdanov AV, Neganova M, Voloshina A, Lyubina A, Amerhanova S, Litvinov IA, Tsivileva O, Akylbekov N, Zhapparbergenov R, Valiullina Z, Samorodov AV, Alabugin I. Anticancer and Antiphytopathogenic Activity of Fluorinated Isatins and Their Water-Soluble Hydrazone Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15119. [PMID: 37894799 PMCID: PMC10607100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of new fluorinated 1-benzylisatins was synthesized in high yields via a simple one-pot procedure in order to explore the possible effect of ortho-fluoro (3a), chloro (3b), or bis-fluoro (3d) substitution on the biological activity of this pharmacophore. Furthermore, the new isatins could be converted into water-soluble isatin-3-hydrazones using their acid-catalyzed reaction with Girard's reagent P and its dimethyl analog. The cytotoxic action of these substances is associated with the induction of apoptosis caused by mitochondrial membrane dissipation and stimulated reactive oxygen species production in tumor cells. In addition, compounds 3a and 3b exhibit platelet antiaggregation activity at the level of acetylsalicylic acid, and the whole series of fluorine-containing isatins does not adversely affect the hemostasis system as a whole. Among the new water-soluble pyridinium isatin-3-acylhydrazones, compounds 7c and 5c,e exhibit the highest antagonistic effect against phytopathogens of bacterial and fungal origin and can be considered useful leads for combating plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V. Bogdanov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Arbuzov St. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia; (M.N.); (A.V.); (A.L.); (S.A.); (I.A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Margarita Neganova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Arbuzov St. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia; (M.N.); (A.V.); (A.L.); (S.A.); (I.A.L.); (I.A.)
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severnij Pr. 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Alexandra Voloshina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Arbuzov St. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia; (M.N.); (A.V.); (A.L.); (S.A.); (I.A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Anna Lyubina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Arbuzov St. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia; (M.N.); (A.V.); (A.L.); (S.A.); (I.A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Syumbelya Amerhanova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Arbuzov St. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia; (M.N.); (A.V.); (A.L.); (S.A.); (I.A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Igor A. Litvinov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Arbuzov St. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia; (M.N.); (A.V.); (A.L.); (S.A.); (I.A.L.); (I.A.)
| | - Olga Tsivileva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Entuziastov Ave. 13, Saratov 410049, Russia;
| | - Nurgali Akylbekov
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Aitekebie Str. 29A, Kyzylorda 120014, Kazakhstan;
| | - Rakhmetulla Zhapparbergenov
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Aitekebie Str. 29A, Kyzylorda 120014, Kazakhstan;
| | - Zulfiia Valiullina
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Lenin St. 8, Ufa 450008, Russia; (Z.V.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Alexandr V. Samorodov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Lenin St. 8, Ufa 450008, Russia; (Z.V.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Igor Alabugin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Arbuzov St. 8, Kazan 420088, Russia; (M.N.); (A.V.); (A.L.); (S.A.); (I.A.L.); (I.A.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
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17
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Bukhari SNA, Alsahli TG, Ejaz H, Ahmed N, Ahmad W, Elsherif MA, Alotaibi NH, Junaid K, Janković N. Dual activity of indolin-2-ones containing an arylidene motif: DNA and BSA interaction. RSC Adv 2023; 13:28139-28147. [PMID: 37753394 PMCID: PMC10518658 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04997c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Applying a multistep approach, novel indolin-2-ones (IND) that possess an arylidene motif have been synthesized. Eight compounds were chosen for different biological tests (antimicrobial and cytotoxicity). IND containing 2-thienyl (4h) fragment have been found to exhibit good antimicrobial activity against B. cereus. Molecules that have 3-aminophenyl (4d) or 2-pyridyl (4g) groups have shown the best antifungal activities against all tested fungi. These compounds have also been noticed as promising pharmaceuticals against MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Experimental outcomes from the investigation of the interaction of 4d with DNA implied its moderate binding to DNA (KSV = 1.35 × 104 and 3.05 × 104 M-1 for EB and Hoechst binder, respectively). However, considerably stronger binding of 4d to BSA has been evidenced (Ka = 6.1 × 106 M-1). In summary, IND that contains m-aminobenzylidene fragment (4d) exhibits a good dual biological activity making it a promising candidate for further investigation in the drug discovery sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq G Alsahli
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Gelugor 11800 Penang Malaysia
| | - Mervat A Elsherif
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser H Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kashaf Junaid
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Nenad Janković
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information of Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science Jovana Cvijića bb 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
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18
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Verma N, Tyagi R, Khanna A, Malviya M, Sagar R. Electro-organic synthesis of isatins and hydrazones through C-N cross-coupling and C(sp 2)-H/C(sp 3)-H functionalization. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6707-6714. [PMID: 37563999 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01128c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and unique approach to synthesize isatin (indole-2,3-dione) from 2-aminoacetophenone under electrochemical conditions supported by I2-DMSO through C-N cross-coupling and C(sp2)-H/C(sp3)-H functionalization is presented. This synthetic method spans a wide range of substituted 2-aminoacetophenone substrates. The use of iodine as a promoter and shorter reaction times produced good to very good yields of isatin derivatives, which is a significant improvement over the reaction in a batch process. Further, hydrazones of isatin were synthesized by using hydrazine hydrate which produces electrochemically active molecules, namely isatin-hydrazones. The hydrazones of acetophenone were also obtained using the same reaction protocol. Additionally, the effect of increasing scan rate studied using cyclic voltammetry shows that the process followed a diffusion-controlled mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Verma
- Department of Chemistry, IIT (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Rajdeep Tyagi
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India.
| | - Ashish Khanna
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Manisha Malviya
- Department of Chemistry, IIT (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Ram Sagar
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
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19
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Manoharan A, Oh JM, Benny F, Kumar S, Abdelgawad MA, Ghoneim MM, Shaker ME, El-Sherbiny M, Almohaimeed HM, Gahtori P, Kim H, Mathew B. Assembling a Cinnamyl Pharmacophore in the C3-Position of Substituted Isatins via Microwave-Assisted Synthesis: Development of a New Class of Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Molecules 2023; 28:6167. [PMID: 37630420 PMCID: PMC10458360 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO, EC 1.4.3.4) is responsible for the oxidative breakdown of both endogenous and exogenous amines and exists in MAO-A and MAO-B isomers. Eighteen indole-based phenylallylidene derivatives were synthesized via nucleophilic addition reactions comprising three sub-series, IHC, IHMC, and IHNC, and were developed and examined for their ability to inhibit MAO. Among them, compound IHC3 showed a strong MAO-B inhibitory effect with an IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) value of 1.672 μM, followed by IHC2 (IC50 = 16.934 μM). Additionally, IHC3 showed the highest selectivity index (SI) value of >23.92. The effectiveness of IHC3 was lower than the reference pargyline (0.14 μM); however, the SI value was higher than pargyline (17.16). Structurally, the IHC (-H in the B-ring) sub-series exhibited relatively stronger MAO-B inhibition than the others. In the IHC series, IHC3 (-F in the A-ring) exhibited stronger MAO-B suppression than the other substituted derivatives in the order -F > -Br > -Cl > -OCH3, -CH3, and -H at the 2-position in the A-ring. In the reversibility and enzyme kinetics experiments, IHC3 was a reversible inhibitor with a Ki value of 0.51 ± 0.15 μM for MAO-B. Further, it was observed that IHC3 greatly decreased the cell death caused by rotenone in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. A molecular docking study of the lead molecule was also performed to determine hypothetical interactions in the enzyme-binding cavity. These findings suggest that IHC3 is a strong, specific, and reversible MAO-B inhibitor that can be used to treat neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritha Manoharan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India; (A.M.); (F.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea;
| | - Feba Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India; (A.M.); (F.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India; (A.M.); (F.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Shaker
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hailah M. Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Prashant Gahtori
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248002, India;
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India; (A.M.); (F.B.); (S.K.)
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20
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Vijayakumar BG, Ramesh D, Kumari S, Maity A, Pinnaka AK, Kannan T. Enhancing antifungal properties of chitosan by attaching isatin-piperazine-sulfonyl-acetamide pendant groups via novel imidamide linkage. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125428. [PMID: 37330090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
World health organization listed fungi as priority pathogens in 2022 to counter their adverse effects on human well-being. The use of antimicrobial biopolymers is a sustainable alternative to toxic antifungal agents. In this study, we explore chitosan as an antifungal agent by grafting a novel compound N-(4-((4-((isatinyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl)phenyl) acetamide (IS). The acetimidamide linkage of IS to chitosan herein was confirmed by 13C NMR and is a new branch in chitosan pendant group chemistry. The modified chitosan films (ISCH) were studied using thermal, tensile, and spectroscopic methods. The ISCH derivatives strongly inhibit fungal pathogens of agricultural and human importance, namely Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Myrothecium verrucaria, Penicillium oxalicum, and Candida albicans. ISCH80 showed an IC50 value of 0.85 μg/ml against M. verrucaria and ISCH100 with IC50 of 1.55 μg/ml is comparable to the commercial antifungal IC50 values of Triadiamenol (3.6 μg/ml) and Trifloxystrobin (3 μg/ml). Interestingly, the ISCH series remained non-toxic up to 2000 μg/ml against L929 mouse fibroblast cells. The ISCH series showed long-standing antifungal action, superior to our lowest observed antifungal IC50 values of plain chitosan and IS at 12.09 μg/ml and 3.14 μg/ml, respectively. ISCH films are thus suitable for fungal inhibition in an agricultural setting or food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepthi Ramesh
- Dept of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry 605014, India
| | - Sumeeta Kumari
- Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Akashpratim Maity
- Dept of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry 605014, India
| | - Anil Kumar Pinnaka
- Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India
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21
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Bertašiūtė M, Kavaliauskas P, Vaickelionienė R, Grybaitė B, Petraitis V, Petraitienė R, Naing E, Garcia A, Šiugždaitė J, Lelešius R, Mickevičius V. Synthesis of 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)- and (3,5-Dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic Acid Derivatives as Promising Scaffolds for the Development of Novel Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097966. [PMID: 37175673 PMCID: PMC10178429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing antimicrobial resistance among Gram-positive pathogens and pathogenic fungi remains one of the major public healthcare threats. Therefore, novel antimicrobial candidates and scaffolds are critically needed to overcome resistance in Gram-positive pathogens and drug-resistant fungal pathogens. In this study, we explored 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid and its 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl analogue for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens. The compounds showed structure-dependent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive pathogens (S. aureus, E. faecalis, C. difficile). Compounds 14 and 24b showed promising activity against vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus strains, and favorable cytotoxic profiles in HSAEC-1 cells, making them attractive scaffolds for further development. 5-Fluorobenzimidazole, having a 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl substituent, was found to be four-fold, and hydrazone, with a thien-2-yl fragment, was two-fold stronger than clindamycin against methicillin resistant S. aureus TCH 1516. Moreover, hydrazone, bearing a 5-nitrothien-2-yl moiety, showed promising activity against three tested multidrug-resistant C. auris isolates representing major genetic lineages (MIC 16 µg/mL) and azole-resistant A. fumigatus strains harboring TR34/L98H mutations in the CYP51A gene. The anticancer activity characterization demonstrated that the 5-fluorobenzimidazole derivative with a 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl substituent showed the highest anticancer activity in an A549 human pulmonary cancer cell culture model. Collectively these results demonstrate that 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives could be further explored for the development of novel candidates targeting Gram-positive pathogens and drug-resistant fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bertašiūtė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Povilas Kavaliauskas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, USA
- Institute for Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Pathogenic Microbiology, Birštono Str. 38A, 59116 Prienai, Lithuania
- Biological Research Center, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės St. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rita Vaickelionienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Birutė Grybaitė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vidmantas Petraitis
- Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, USA
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Pathogenic Microbiology, Birštono Str. 38A, 59116 Prienai, Lithuania
- Biological Research Center, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės St. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Petraitienė
- Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, USA
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Pathogenic Microbiology, Birštono Str. 38A, 59116 Prienai, Lithuania
| | - Ethan Naing
- Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrew Garcia
- Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jūratė Šiugždaitė
- Department of Pathobiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės St. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Raimundas Lelešius
- Department of Pathobiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės St. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Mickevičius
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Rd. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
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22
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Dotsenko VV, Jassim NT, Temerdashev AZ, Abdul-Hussein ZR, Aksenov NA, Aksenova IV. New 6′-Amino-5′-cyano-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1′H-spiro[indole-3,4′-pyridine]-3′-carboxamides: Synthesis, Reactions, Molecular Docking Studies and Biological Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073161. [PMID: 37049923 PMCID: PMC10096136 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to prepare new isatin- and monothiomalondiamide-based indole derivatives, as well as to study the properties of the new compounds. The four-component reaction of 5-R-isatins (R = H, CH3), malononitrile, monothiomalonamide (3-amino-3-thioxo- propanamide) and triethylamine in hot EtOH yields a mixture of isomeric triethylammonium 6′-amino-3′-(aminocarbonyl)-5′-cyano-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1′H- and 6′-amino-3′-(aminocarbonyl)- 5′-cyano-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3′H-spiro[indole-3,4′-pyridine]-2′-thiolates. The reactivity and structure of the products was studied. We found that oxidation of spiro[indole-3,4′-pyridine]-2′-thiolates with DMSO-HCl system produced only acidification products, diastereomeric 6′-amino-5′-cyano-5-methyl-2-oxo-2′-thioxo-1,2,2′,3′-tetrahydro-1′H-spiro-[indole-3,4′-pyridine]- 3′-carboxamides, instead of the expected isothiazolopyridines. The alkylation of the prepared spiro[indole-3,4′-pyridine]-2′-thiolates upon treatment with N-aryl α-chloroacetamides and α-bromoacetophenones proceeds in a regioselective way at the sulfur atom. In the case of α-bromoacetophenones, ring-chain tautomerism was observed for the S-alkylation products. According to NMR data, the compounds consist of a mixture of stereoisomers of 2′-amino-6′-[(2-aryl-2-oxoethyl)thio]-3′-cyano-2-oxo-1′H-spiro[indoline-3,4′-pyridine]-5′-carboxamides and 5′-amino-3′-aryl-6′-cyano-3′-hydroxy-2-oxo-2′,3′-dihydrospiro[indoline-3,7′-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridine]-8′-carboxamides in various ratios. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by IR spectroscopy, HRMS, 1H and 13C DEPTQ NMR studies and the results of 2D NMR experiments (1H-13C HSQC, 1H-13C HMBC). Molecular docking studies were performed to investigate suitable binding modes of some new compounds with respect to the transcriptional regulator protein PqsR of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The docking studies revealed that the compounds have affinity for the bacterial regulator protein PqsR of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a binding energy in the range of −5.8 to −8.2 kcal/mol. In addition, one of the new compounds, 2′-amino-3′-cyano-5-methyl-2-oxo-6′-{[2-oxo-2-(p-tolylamino)ethyl]thio}-1′H-spiro-[indoline-3,4′-pyridine]-5′-carboxamide, showed in vitro moderate antibacterial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and good antioxidant properties in a test with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Finally, three of the new compounds were recognized as moderately active herbicide safeners with respect to herbicide 2,4-D in the laboratory experiments on sunflower seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V. Dotsenko
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technologies, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355017 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Nawras T. Jassim
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technologies, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Azamat Z. Temerdashev
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Zainab R. Abdul-Hussein
- Department of Pathological Analyses, College of Science, University of Basra, P.O. Box 49, Basrah 61004, Iraq
| | - Nicolai A. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355017 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Inna V. Aksenova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355017 Stavropol, Russia
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23
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Asiri M, Abdulsalam AG, Kahtan M, Alsaikhan F, Farhan I, Mutlak DA, Hadrawi SK, Suliman M, Di Lorenzo R, Laneri S. Synthesis of New Zirconium Magnetic Nanocomposite as a Bioactive Agent and Green Catalyst in the Four-Component Synthesis of a Novel Multi-Ring Compound Containing Pyrazole Derivatives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4468. [PMID: 36558322 PMCID: PMC9784536 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
New nanocomposites containing zirconium were synthesized using microwave irradiation. Their structure was confirmed by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) curves, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. After the structure confirmation of the zirconium magnetic nanocomposite, the catalytic properties in the synthesis of pyrazole derivatives were investigated. Next, the biological activities of the zirconium magnetic nanocomposite, such as the antibacterial and antifungal activities, were investigated. The research results showed that the zirconium magnetic nanocomposite has high catalytic properties and can be used as a magnetic nanocatalyst for synthesizing heterocyclic compounds such as pyrazole derivatives in addition to having high biological properties. The unique properties of the nanoparticles can be attributed to their synthesis method and microwave radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mustafa Kahtan
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad 10011, Iraq
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Issa Farhan
- Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon 51001, Iraq
| | | | - Salema K. Hadrawi
- Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Muath Suliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ritamaria Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Laneri
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49-80131 Naples, Italy
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24
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Reiland KM, Eckroat TJ. Selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibition by isatin dimers and 3-indolyl-3-hydroxy-2-oxindole dimers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 77:129037. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.129037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Ali A, Ali A, Tahir A, Bakht MA, Ahsan MJ. Ultrasound promoted green synthesis, anticancer evaluation, and molecular docking studies of hydrazines: a pilot trial. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:135-144. [PMID: 34894970 PMCID: PMC8741255 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1995727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported herein an efficient, environmentally friendly synthesis of hydrazine carboxamides (6a-l) in a water-glycerol (6:4) solvent system using ultrasonic irradiation. Ultrasonicated reactions were found to be much faster and more productive than conventional synthesis. The prepared compounds (6a-l) were tested against nine panels of 60 cancer cell lines according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI US) protocol. N-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)hydrazine-1-carboxamide (6b) was discovered to be promising anticancer agents with higher sensitivity against CCRF-CEM, HOP-92, UO-31, RMPI-8226, HL-60(TB), and MDA-MB-468 with percent growth inhibitions (%GIs) of 143.44, 33.46, 33.21, 33.09, 29.81, and 29.55 respectively. Compounds (6a-l) tested showed greater anticancer activity than Imatinib, except for compound 6k. Compounds 6b and 6c were found to be lethal on the CCRF-CEM leukaemia cell line, with %GIs of 143.44 and 108.91, respectively. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis was performed to investigate ligand binding affinity at the active site of epidermal growth factor (EGFR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amena Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abu Tahir
- Department of Pharmacology, Raghukul College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, India
| | - Mohammed Afroz Bakht
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanity Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Jaipur, India
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26
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Len’shina NA, Arsenyev MV, Fagin AA, Bogdanov AV, Chesnokov SA. Photoreduction and Photoinitiating Ability of 1-Hexadecyl Isatin Derivatives Containing Chemically Different Substituents in the 5-Position. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0018143922050095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Nchioua I, Alsubari A, Mague JT, Ramli Y. Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of N-(2,6-di-methyl-phen-yl)-2-[3-hy-droxy-2-oxo-3-(2-oxoprop-yl)indolin-1-yl]acetamide. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2022; 78:922-925. [PMID: 36072528 PMCID: PMC9443800 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989022007848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The cup-shaped conformation of the title mol-ecule, C21H22N2O4, is largely determined by an intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, double layers of mol-ecules are formed by O-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. A Hirshfeld surface analysis was performed, which confirms the regions that are active for inter-molecular inter-actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intissar Nchioua
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Drug Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdulsalam Alsubari
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, 21 September University, Yemen
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry, 8 Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Youssef Ramli
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Drug Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
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28
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Šermukšnytė A, Kantminienė K, Jonuškienė I, Tumosienė I, Petrikaitė V. The Effect of 1,2,4-Triazole-3-thiol Derivatives Bearing Hydrazone Moiety on Cancer Cell Migration and Growth of Melanoma, Breast, and Pancreatic Cancer Spheroids. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081026. [PMID: 36015174 PMCID: PMC9416745 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Phenyl-3-[2-(phenylamino)ethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione was used as a starting compound for the synthesis of the corresponding 1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthioacetohydrazide, which reacts with isatins and various aldehydes bearing aromatic and heterocyclic moieties provided target hydrazones. Their cytotoxicity was tested by the MTT assay against human melanoma IGR39, human triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), and pancreatic carcinoma (Panc-1) cell lines. The selectivity of compounds towards cancer cells was also studied. In general, the synthesized compounds were more cytotoxic against the melanoma cell line. N′-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-2-((4-phenyl-5-(2-(phenylamino)ethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetohydrazide, N′-((1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)-2-((4-phenyl-5-(2-(phenylamino)ethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetohydrazide and N′-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzylidene)-2-((4-phenyl-5-(2-(phenylamino)ethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetohydrazide were identified as the most active among all synthesized compounds in 3D cell cultures. N′-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)-2-((4-phenyl-5-(2-(phenylamino)ethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetohydrazide inhibited all cancer cell migration, was characterized as relatively more selective towards cancer cells, and could be further tested as an antimetastatic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Šermukšnytė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Kantminienė
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Ilona Jonuškienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ingrida Tumosienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Petrikaitė
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių pr. 13, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (V.P.)
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29
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Parakkal SC, Datta R, Muthu S, Irfan A, Jeelani A. Computational investigation into structural, topological, electronic properties, and biological evaluation of spiro[1H-indole-3,2′-3H-1,3-benzothiazole]-2-one. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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30
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Mehreen S, Zia M, Khan A, Hussain J, Ullah S, Anwar MU, Al-Harrasi A, Naseer MM. Phenoxy pendant isatins as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors: reciprocal carbonyl⋯carbonyl interactions, antiparallel π⋯π stacking driven solid state self-assembly and biological evaluation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20919-20928. [PMID: 35919179 PMCID: PMC9302069 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03307k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonyl-carbonyl (CO⋯CO) interactions are recently explored noncovalent interactions of significant interest owing to their role in the stability of biomacromolecules. Currently, substantial efforts are being made to understand the nature of these interactions. In this study, twelve phenoxy pendant isatins 1-12 have been evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory potential in addition to the analysis of X-ray single crystals of 4 and 9. Both compounds 4 and 9 showed intriguing and unique self-assembled structures. The CO⋯CO and antiparallel displaced π⋯π stacking interactions are mainly involved in the formation of 1D-stair like supramolecular chains of 4 whereas antiparallel π⋯π stacking interactions drive the formation of 1D-columnar stacks of 9. These compounds not only highlight the potential of the isatin moiety in forming strong CO⋯CO and antiparallel π⋯π stacking interactions but also are interesting models to provide considerable insight into the nature of these interactions. The in vitro biological studies revealed that all twelve phenoxy pendant isatins 1-12 are highly potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase enzyme with IC50 values ranging from 5.32 ± 0.17 to 150.13 ± 0.62 μM, showing many fold more potent activity than the standard drug, acarbose (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67). Easy access and high α-glucosidase inhibition potential of these phenoxy pendant isatins 1-12 provide an attractive platform for finding more effective medication for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Mehreen
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Mehwash Zia
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad-44000 Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Oman
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Oman
| | - Muhammad U Anwar
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa Birkat Almouz 616 Oman
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31
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Synthesis and Structure Determination of 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-N’-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbohydrazide. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A reaction of equimolar equivalents of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbohydrazide (1) and indoline-2,3-dione (2) in boiling ethanol for 4 h under acidic conditions gave 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-N’-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbohydrazide (3) in 88% yield. The structure of 3 was ascertained by NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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32
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Emerging impact of triazoles as anti-tubercular agent. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114454. [PMID: 35597009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis, a disease of poverty is a communicable infection with a reasonably high mortality rate worldwide. 10 Million new cases of TB were reported with approx 1.4 million deaths in the year 2019. Due to the growing number of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tuberculosis cases, there is a vital need to develop new and effective candidates useful to combat this deadly disease. Despite tremendous efforts to identify a mechanism-based novel antitubercular agent, only a few have entered into clinical trials in the last six decades. In recent years, triazoles have been well explored as the most valuable scaffolds in drug discovery and development. Triazole framework possesses favorable properties like hydrogen bonding, moderate dipole moment, enhanced water solubility, and also the ability to bind effectively with biomolecular targets of M. tuberculosis and therefore this scaffold displayed excellent potency against TB. This review is an endeavor to summarize an up-to-date innovation of triazole-appended hybrids during the last 10 years having potential in vitro and in vivo antitubercular activity with structure activity relationship analysis. This review may help medicinal chemists to explore the triazole scaffolds for the rational design of potent drug candidates having better efficacy, improved selectivity and minimal toxicity so that these hybrid NCEs can effectively be explored as potential lead to fight against M. tuberculosis.
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Zahra Sadeghian ZS, Bayat M. Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds Based on Isatins. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220430145522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-diones) and its derivatives are a unique structure of heterocyclic molecules with great synthetic versatility and enormous biological activities of interest. Isatins have been broadly used as building blocks for the formation of a wide range of N-heterocycles. These applicable compounds undergo various reactions to form new heterocyclic compounds. The focus of this review is to summarize the recent literature and key reactions published about Pfitzinger, ring-opening, and ring expansion reactions of isatin and its derivatives during the period from 2018 to 2020. We believe this gives some insight and helps to bring about new ideas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
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Eldeeb M, Sanad EF, Ragab A, Ammar YA, Mahmoud K, Ali MM, Hamdy NM. Anticancer Effects with Molecular Docking Confirmation of Newly Synthesized Isatin Sulfonamide Molecular Hybrid Derivatives against Hepatic Cancer Cell Lines. Biomedicines 2022; 10:722. [PMID: 35327524 PMCID: PMC8945686 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the cytotoxic effect of ten sulfonamide-derived isatins, following molecular hybridization, based on the association principles, on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines, compared for safety using human normal retina pigmented epithelial (RPE-1) cells. The ten compounds showed variable in vitro cytotoxicity on HepG2 and Huh7 cells, using the MTT assay. Four compounds (4/10) were highly cytotoxic to both HepG2 and HuH7. However, only 3 of these 4 were of the highest safety margin on RPE-1 cells in vitro and in the in vivo acute (14-day) oral toxicity study. These later, superior three compounds' structures are 3-hydroxy-3-(2-oxo-2-(p-tolyl)ethyl)-5-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)indolin-2-one (3a), N-(4-(2-(2-oxo-5-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)indolin-3-ylidene)acetyl)phenyl)acetamide (4b), and N-(3-(2-(2-oxo-5-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)indolin-3-ylidene)acetyl)phenyl)acetamide (4c). The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the tested compounds (3a, 4b, and 4c) on HepG2 cells were approximately 16.8, 44.7, and 39.7 μM, respectively. The 3a, 4b, and 4c compounds significantly decreased the angiogenic marker epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) level and that was further confirmed via molecular docking inside the EFGR active site (PDB: 1M17). The binding free energies ranged between -19.21 and -21.74 Kcal/mol compared to Erlotinib (-25.65 Kcal/mol). The most promising compounds, 3a, 4b, and 4c, showed variable anticancer potential on "hallmarks of cancer", significant cytotoxicity, and apoptotic anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive effects, manifested as suppression of Bcl-2, urokinase plasminogen activation, and heparanase expression in HepG2-treated cells' lysate, compared to non-treated HepG2 cells. In conclusion, compound "3a" is highly comparable to doxorubicin regarding cell cycle arrest at G2/M, the pre-G0 phases and early and late apoptosis induction and is comparable to Erlotinib regarding binding to EGFR active site. Therefore, the current study could suggest that compound "3a" is, hopefully, the most safe and active synthesized isatin sulfonamide derivative for HCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Eldeeb
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 12622 Giza, Egypt; (M.E.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Eman F. Sanad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (for Boys, Cairo Branch), Al-Azhar University, 11884 Cairo, Egypt; (A.R.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Yousry A. Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (for Boys, Cairo Branch), Al-Azhar University, 11884 Cairo, Egypt; (A.R.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Khaled Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 12622 Giza, Egypt;
| | - Mamdouh M. Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 12622 Giza, Egypt; (M.E.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Nadia M. Hamdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt;
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Synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial evaluation, and molecular docking studies of new isatin-1,2,3-triazole hybrids. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Mehreen S, Ullah A, Nadeem H, Dege N, Naseer MM. Synthesis, solid state self-assembly driven by antiparallel π⋯π stacking and {⋯H-C-C-F} 2 dimer synthons, and in vitro acetyl cholinesterase inhibition activity of phenoxy pendant isatins. RSC Adv 2022; 12:1788-1796. [PMID: 35425213 PMCID: PMC8979220 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08286h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel phenoxy pendant isatins PI1-12 have been synthesized in excellent yields by a simple nucleophilic substitution reaction involving isatins and 1-(2-bromoethoxy)-4-substituted benzenes, and characterized by their FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and GC-MS data, and in the case of PI4 by its single crystal X-ray analysis. The solid-state structure of PI4 showed an intriguing and unique 1D-supramolecular chain-based self-assembled structure, the driving force of which is mainly the strong antiparallel π⋯π stacking and {⋯H-C-C-F}2 dimer synthons. This compound not only highlights the potential of the isatin moiety in forming strong antiparallel π⋯π stacking interactions but also provides a platform to have considerable insight into the nature, strength and directionality of much debated π-π and C-H⋯F-C interactions. The in vitro biological studies revealed that three phenoxy pendant isatins PI1, PI2 and PI4 are highly potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase enzyme with IC50 values of 0.52 ± 0.073 μg ml-1, 0.72 ± 0.012 μg ml-1 and 0.68 ± 0.011 μg ml-1, respectively, showing comparable activity to the standard drug, donepezil (IC50 = 0.73 ± 0.015 μg ml-1). A simple and efficient synthesis of phenoxy pendant isatins PI1-12 from inexpensive and commercially available starting materials, and their high potential of acetyl cholinesterase inhibition provide an attractive opportunity to find more effective medication for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Mehreen
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University G-7/4 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Necmi Dege
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics Kurupelit 55139 Samsun Turkey
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Kancharla SK, Birudaraju S, Pal A, Krishnakanth Reddy L, Reddy ER, Vagolu SK, Sriram D, Bonige KB, Korupolu RB. Synthesis and biological evaluation of isatin oxime ether-tethered aryl 1 H-1,2,3-triazoles as inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05171g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of isatin oxime ether-tethered aryl 1H-1,2,3-triazole hybrids were synthesized and screened for their in vitro antitubercular activity against the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Kumar Kancharla
- Aragen Life Sciences (Formerly GVK Bioscience), Nacharam, Hyderabad, Telangana State-500076, India
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh-530003, India
| | - Saritha Birudaraju
- Aragen Life Sciences (Formerly GVK Bioscience), Nacharam, Hyderabad, Telangana State-500076, India
| | - Arani Pal
- Aragen Life Sciences (Formerly GVK Bioscience), Nacharam, Hyderabad, Telangana State-500076, India
| | - L. Krishnakanth Reddy
- Aragen Life Sciences (Formerly GVK Bioscience), Nacharam, Hyderabad, Telangana State-500076, India
| | - Eda Rami Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Siva Krishna Vagolu
- Medicinal Chemistry & Antimycobacterial Research Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana State-500078, India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Medicinal Chemistry & Antimycobacterial Research Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana State-500078, India
| | - Kishore Babu Bonige
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh-530003, India
| | - Raghu Babu Korupolu
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh-530003, India
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Muthumanickam S, Thennila M, Yuvaraj P, Lingam KAP, Selvakumar K. An Efficient Synthesis of Heterogeneous and Hard Bound Ti
IV
‐MCM‐41 Catalyzed Mannich Bases and π‐Conjugated Imines. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muthukumar Thennila
- Department of Physics Sethu Institute of Technology Virudhunagar 626115 . Tamilnadu India
| | - Paneerselvam Yuvaraj
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology Branch Laboratory Lamphelpat Imphal Manipur 795004 India
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Davis SM, Eckroat TJ. Isatin-linked 4,4-dimethyl-5-methylene-4,5-dihydrothiazole-2-thiols for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Wati FA, Santoso M, Moussa Z, Fatmawati S, Fadlan A, Judeh ZMA. Chemistry of trisindolines: natural occurrence, synthesis and bioactivity. RSC Adv 2021; 11:25381-25421. [PMID: 35478918 PMCID: PMC9037102 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03091d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds are privileged structures with many applications in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries since they possess wide bioactivities. Trisindolines are heterocyclic nitrogen compounds consisting of an isatin core bearing two indole moieties. Trisindolines have been synthesized by reacting isatins with indoles using various routes and the yield greatly depends on the catalyst used, reaction conditions, and the substituents on both the isatin and indole moieties. Amongst the synthetic routes, acid-catalyzed condensation reaction between isatins and indoles are the most useful due to high yield, wide scope and short reaction times. Trisindolines are biologically active compounds and show anticancer, antimicrobial, antitubercular, antifungal, anticonvulsant, spermicidal, and antioxidant activities, among others. Trisindolines have not previously been reviewed. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive account of trisindolines including their natural occurrence, routes of synthesis, and biological activities. It aims to inspire the discovery of lead trisindoline drug candidates for further development. This in-depth review of trisindolines covers their natural occurrence in addition to several routes of synthesis and catalysts used. The biological activities of trisindolines have been discussed with a special emphasis on the structure–activity relationship.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- First Ambar Wati
- Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Kampus ITS, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
| | - Mardi Santoso
- Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Kampus ITS, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University P. O. Box 15551 Al Ain United Arab Emirates
| | - Sri Fatmawati
- Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Kampus ITS, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
| | - Arif Fadlan
- Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Kampus ITS, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
| | - Zaher M A Judeh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14 Singapore 637459 Singapore
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Kumar G, Singh NP, Kumar K. Recent Advancement of Synthesis of Isatins as a Versatile Pharmacophore: A review. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2020; 71:115-121. [PMID: 33296925 DOI: 10.1055/a-1238-2639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Isatin (1 H-indole-2, 3-Dione) and its derivatives are versatile compounds which acts as a precursor for a large number of pharmacologically active compounds. Therefore isatins have a significant importance in the synthesis of different heterocyclic compounds. Isatins show variety of biological activities. In this review we focus on synthetic methods of isatins and their biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, antitubercular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Krishna College, Bijnor (UP), India
| | - Netra Pal Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur (UP), India
| | - Kaushal Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Meerut College, Meerut (UP), India
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