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Mahmoudi F, Shahraki M. Computational study of inclusion complexes of V-type nerve agents (VE, VG, VM, VR and VX) with β-cyclodextrin. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2681-2697. [PMID: 37144740 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2208226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The effective detoxification of organophosphate (OP) nerve agents (OPNAs) is a challenging issue for scientists. The host-guest inclusion complexes of five V-type nerve agents (VE, VG, VM, VR and VX) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) have been studied by combining quantum mechanical (QM) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The frontier molecular orbital (FMO) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) have been analyzed to describe the reactivity parameters and electronic properties. The obtained results clearly reveal that stable complexes were formed in both vacuum and water media, and the complexation process occurred spontaneously. To understand non-covalent interactions, natural bond orbital (NBO) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) have been used. IR and Raman spectra have been calculated to confirm the formation of complexes and also thermodynamic parameters have been investigated. It was demonstrated that in addition to van der Waals interactions, the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds enhances the stability of these complexes. Furthermore, MD simulations were carried out to get a better insight into the inclusion process of the above complexes. From MD simulations, all simulated systems reached full equilibration at 1000 ps and the V-agent molecules consistently remained in the β-CD cavity and only had vibrational motion inside the cavity. More importantly, MD simulations support the findings of QM calculations and indicate that hydrogen bonding can help the leaving groups of V-agents to be released and them to be hydrolyzed. All results have shown that the VR agent formed the most stable complex with β-CD molecule than that of other agents.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mahmoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shahraki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
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2
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Benaïssa A, Bouhadiba A, Naili N, Chekkal F, Khelfaoui M, Bouras I, Madjram MS, Zouchoune B, Mogalli S, Malfi N, Nouar L, Madi F. Computational investigation of dimethoate and β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex: molecular structures, intermolecular interactions, and electronic analysis. Struct Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-023-02162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Influence of β-Cyclodextrin Methylation on Host-Guest Complex Stability: A Theoretical Study of Intra- and Intermolecular Interactions as Well as Host Dimer Formation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062625. [PMID: 36985598 PMCID: PMC10054123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the non-covalent interactions in host-guest complexes is crucial to their stability, design and applications. Here, we use density functional theory to compare the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (DM-β-CD) to encapsulate the model guest phenol. For both macrocycles, we quantify the intramolecular interactions before and after the formation of the complex, as well as the intermolecular host-guest and host-host dimer interactions. These are individually classified as van der Waals interactions or hydrogen bonds, respectively. The results show a stronger intramolecular binding energy of β-CD, with the absolute difference being −5.53 kcal/mol relative to DM-β-CD. Consequently, the intermolecular interactions of both cyclodextrins with phenol are affected, such that the free binding energy calculated for the DM-β-CD/phenol complex (−5.23 kcal/mol) is ≈50% more negative than for the complex with β-CD (−2.62 kcal/mol). The latter is in excellent agreement with the experimental data (−2.69 kcal/mol), which validates the level of theory (B97-3c) used. Taken together, the methylation of β-CD increases the stability of the host-guest complex with the here studied guest phenol through stronger van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds. We attribute this to the disruption of the hydrogen bond network in the primary face of β-CD upon methylation, which influences the flexibility of the host toward the guest as well as the strength of the intermolecular interactions. Our work provides fundamental insights into the impact of different non-covalent interactions on host-guest stability, and we suggest that this theoretical framework can be adapted to other host-guest complexes to evaluate and quantify their non-covalent interactions.
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Chen S, Cai H, Du X, Wu P, Tao X, Zhou J, Dang Z, Lu G. Adsorption behavior of hierarchical porous biochar from shrimp shell for tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP): Sorption experiments and DFT calculations. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115128. [PMID: 36563975 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) as a new type of flame retardant exists in various water environments, causing great risks to humans and the environment. In this study, shrimp shell was used to prepare an economical and environmental-friendly adsorbent for the efficient removal of TCEP. The systematic studies including characterization, removal performance, and adsorption mechanism of shrimp shell biochar toward TCEP were carried out. Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics showed that fast equilibrium reached within 30 min, the maximum adsorption capacity qm was 108 μmol g-1 at 298 K, and the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. The environmental factor, such as temperature, pH, inorganic anions and organic matter hardly affected the adsorption performance. Structural characterization indicated that the hierarchical porous structure of shrimp shell biochar is the key to excellent adsorption performance. The adsorption mechanisms were further revealed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and the hydrogen bond, van der Waals interactions, Cl-H interactions, and pi-H interactions were identified as potential interaction mechanisms between TCEP and specific biochar structures. The calculated binding energy between TCEP and simplified biochar structure suggested that oxygen-containing groups especially carboxyl, hydroxyl and aldehyde facilitate the adsorption. Our work not only provides a novel strategy for the quick remediation of organophosphate-contaminated water environments but also offers new opportunities for crustacean waste biomass valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiming Cai
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaodong Du
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peiwen Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xueqin Tao
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Jiangmin Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guining Lu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Fabrication and Characterization of β-Cyclodextrin/ Mosla Chinensis Essential Oil Inclusion Complexes: Experimental Design and Molecular Modeling. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010037. [PMID: 36615232 PMCID: PMC9822264 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are primarily isolated from medicinal plants and possess various biological properties. However, their low water solubility and volatility substantially limit their application potential. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to improve the solubility and stability of the Mosla Chinensis (M. Chinensis) EO by forming an inclusion complex (IC) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Furthermore, the IC formation process was investigated using experimental techniques and molecular modeling. The major components of M. Chinensis 'Jiangxiangru' EOs were carvacrol, thymol, o-cymene, and terpinene, and its IC with β-CD were prepared using the ultrasonication method. Multivariable optimization was studied using a Plackett-Burman design (step 1, identifying key parameters) followed by a central composite design for optimization of the parameters (step 2, optimizing the key parameters). SEM, FT-IR, TGA, and dissolution experiments were performed to analyze the physicochemical properties of the ICs. In addition, the interaction between EO and β-CD was further investigated using phase solubility, molecular docking, and molecular simulation studies. The results showed that the optimal encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of EO in the ICs were 86.17% and 8.92%, respectively. Results of physicochemical properties were different after being encapsulated, indicating that the ICs had been successfully fabricated. Additionally, molecular docking and dynamics simulation showed that β-CD could encapsulate the EO component (carvacrol) via noncovalent interactions. In conclusion, a comprehensive methodology was developed for determining key parameters under multivariate conditions by utilizing two-step optimization experiments to obtain ICs of EO with β-CD. Furthermore, molecular modeling was used to study the mechanisms involved in molecular inclusion complexation.
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Anconi CPA, Souza LCA. Multi-equilibrium approach to study cyclodextrins host–guest systems with GFN2-xTB quantum method: A case study of phosphorothioates included in β-cyclodextrin. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Akmal M, Wahyuningrum D, Ivansyah A. Theoretical Insight and Molecular Recognition of Oxatub[4]arene-based Organic Macrocycle as a Supramolecular Host for Antipsychotic Drug Risperidone. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Sun Z, Zheng L, Wang K, Huai Z, Liu Z. Primary vs secondary: Directionalized guest coordination in β-cyclodextrin derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 297:120050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Messiad FA, Ammouchi N, Belhocine Y, Alhussain H, Ghoniem MG, Said RB, Ali FAM, Rahali S. In Search of Preferential Macrocyclic Hosts for Sulfur Mustard Sensing and Recognition: A Computational Investigation through the New Composite Method r2SCAN-3c of the Key Factors Influencing the Host-Guest Interactions. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152517. [PMID: 35893486 PMCID: PMC9329917 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a harmful warfare agent that poses a serious threat to human health and the environment. Thus, the design of porous materials capable of sensing and/or capturing SM is of utmost importance. In this paper, the interactions of SM and its derivatives with ethylpillar[5]arene (EtP[5]) and the interactions between SM and a variety of host macrocycles were investigated through molecular docking calculations and non-covalent interaction (NCI) analysis. The electronic quantum parameters were computed to assess the chemical sensing properties of the studied hosts toward SM. It was found that dispersion interactions contributed significantly to the overall complexation energy, leading to the stabilization of the investigated systems. DFT energy computations showed that SM was more efficiently complexed with DCMP[5] than the other hosts studied here. Furthermore, the studied macrocyclic containers could be used as host-based chemical sensors or receptors for SM. These findings could motivate experimenters to design efficient sensing and capturing materials for the detection of SM and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatine Ali Messiad
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Université 20 Août 1955, El Hadaik Road, Skikda 21000, Algeria;
- LRPCSI-Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Physico-Chimie des Surfaces et Interfaces, Université 20 Août 1955, Skikda 21000, Algeria
| | - Nesrine Ammouchi
- LRPCSI-Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Physico-Chimie des Surfaces et Interfaces, Université 20 Août 1955, Skikda 21000, Algeria
- Département de Technologie, Faculté de Technologie, Université 20 Août 1955, B.P. 26, Route d’El Hadaiek, Skikda 21000, Algeria
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (Y.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Youghourta Belhocine
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Université 20 Août 1955, El Hadaik Road, Skikda 21000, Algeria;
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (Y.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Hanan Alhussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.); (M.G.G.); (F.A.M.A.)
| | - Monira Galal Ghoniem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.); (M.G.G.); (F.A.M.A.)
| | - Ridha Ben Said
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, P.O. 53, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia;
- Laboratoire de Caractérisations, Applications et Modélisations des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Fatima Adam Mohamed Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.); (M.G.G.); (F.A.M.A.)
| | - Seyfeddine Rahali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, P.O. 53, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (Y.B.); (S.R.)
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Belhocine Y, Rahali S, Allal H, Assaba IM, Ghoniem MG, Ali FAM. A Dispersion Corrected DFT Investigation of the Inclusion Complexation of Dexamethasone with β-Cyclodextrin and Molecular Docking Study of Its Potential Activity against COVID-19. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247622. [PMID: 34946702 PMCID: PMC8708408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The encapsulation mode of dexamethasone (Dex) into the cavity of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), as well as its potential as an inhibitor of the COVID-19 main protease, were investigated using density functional theory with the recent dispersion corrections D4 and molecular docking calculations. Independent gradient model and natural bond orbital approaches allowed for the characterization of the host–guest interactions in the studied systems. Structural and energetic computation results revealed that hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions played significant roles in the stabilization of the formed Dex@β-CD complex. The complexation energy significantly decreased from −179.50 kJ/mol in the gas phase to −74.14 kJ/mol in the aqueous phase. A molecular docking study was performed to investigate the inhibitory activity of dexamethasone against the COVID-19 target protein (PDB ID: 6LU7). The dexamethasone showed potential therapeutic activity as a SARS CoV-2 main protease inhibitor due to its strong binding to the active sites of the protein target, with predicted free energy of binding values of −29.97 and −32.19 kJ/mol as calculated from AutoDock4 and AutoDock Vina, respectively. This study was intended to explore the potential use of the Dex@β-CD complex in drug delivery to enhance dexamethasone dissolution, thus improving its bioavailability and reducing its side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youghourta Belhocine
- Department of Petrochemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, 20 August 1955 University of Skikda, El Hadaik Road, P.O. Box 26, Skikda 21000, Algeria;
- Correspondence: (Y.B.); (S.R.); (H.A.)
| | - Seyfeddine Rahali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (Y.B.); (S.R.); (H.A.)
| | - Hamza Allal
- Department of Technology, Faculty of Technology, 20 August 1955 University of Skikda, El Hadaik Road, P.O. Box 26, Skikda 21000, Algeria
- Correspondence: (Y.B.); (S.R.); (H.A.)
| | - Ibtissem Meriem Assaba
- Department of Petrochemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, 20 August 1955 University of Skikda, El Hadaik Road, P.O. Box 26, Skikda 21000, Algeria;
| | - Monira Galal Ghoniem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.G.); (F.A.M.A.)
| | - Fatima Adam Mohamed Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.G.); (F.A.M.A.)
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Litim A, Belhocine Y, Benlecheb T, Ghoniem MG, Kabouche Z, Ali FAM, Abdulkhair BY, Seydou M, Rahali S. DFT-D4 Insight into the Inclusion of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine in Cucurbit[7]uril: Energetic, Structural and Biosensing Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:7479. [PMID: 34946564 PMCID: PMC8705717 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The host-guest interactions of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) as host and amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine (MET) and their enantiomeric forms (S-form and R-form) as guests were computationally investigated using density functional theory calculations with the recent D4 atomic-charge dependent dispersion corrections. The analysis of energetic, structural and electronic properties with the aid of frontier molecular orbital analysis, charge decomposition analysis (CDA), extended charge decomposition analysis (ECDA) and independent gradient model (IGM) approach allowed to characterize the host-guest interactions in the studied systems. Energetic results indicate the formation of stable non-covalent complexes where R-AMP@CB[7] and S-AMP@CB[7] are more stable thermodynamically than R-MET@CB[7] and S-MET@CB[7] in gas phase while the reverse is true in water solvent. Based on structural analysis, a recognition mechanism is proposed, which suggests that the synergistic effect of van der Waals forces, ion-dipole interactions, intermolecular charge transfer interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonding is responsible for the stabilization of the complexes. The geometries of the complexes obtained theoretically are in good agreement with the X-ray experimental structures and indicate that the phenyl ring of amphetamine and methamphetamine is deeply buried into the cavity of CB[7] through hydrophobic interactions while the ammonium group remains outside the cavity to establish hydrogen bonds with the portal oxygen atoms of CB[7].
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkarim Litim
- Laboratory of Sensors, Instrumentations and Process (LCIP), University of Abbes Laghrour, Khenchela 40000, Algeria; (A.L.); (Z.K.)
| | - Youghourta Belhocine
- Department of Petrochemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, 20 August 1955 University of Skikda, El Hadaik Road, Skikda 21000, Algeria;
| | - Tahar Benlecheb
- Laboratory of Sensors, Instrumentations and Process (LCIP), University of Abbes Laghrour, Khenchela 40000, Algeria; (A.L.); (Z.K.)
| | - Monira Galal Ghoniem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zoubir Kabouche
- Laboratory of Sensors, Instrumentations and Process (LCIP), University of Abbes Laghrour, Khenchela 40000, Algeria; (A.L.); (Z.K.)
| | - Fatima Adam Mohamed Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Babiker Yagoub Abdulkhair
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
- Chemistry Department, Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST), Khartoum 13311, Sudan
| | | | - Seyfeddine Rahali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
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Why 2,6-di-methyl-β-cyclodextrin can encapsulate OH-substituted naphthalenes better than β-cyclodextrin: Binding pose, non-covalent interaction and solvent effect. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Rahali S, Belhocine Y, Allal H, Bouhadiba A, Assaba IM, Seydou M. A DFT investigation of the host–guest interactions between boron-based aromatic systems and β-cyclodextrin. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Dependence of Viscosity and Diffusion on β-Cyclodextrin and Chloroquine Diphosphate Interactions. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutual diffusion coefficients of chloroquine diphosphate (CDP) in aqueous solutions both without and with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were measured at concentrations from (0.0000 to 0.0100) mol dm−3 and 298.15 K, using the Taylor dispersion technique. Ternary mutual diffusion coefficients (Dik) measured by the same technique are reported for aqueous CDP + β-CD solutions at 298.15 K. The presence of β CD led to relevant changes in the diffusion process, as showed by nonzero values of the cross-diffusion coefficients, D12 and D21. β-CD concentration gradients produced significant co-current coupled flows of CDP. In addition, the effects of β-CD on the transport of CDP are assessed by comparing the binary diffusion coefficient of aqueous CDP solutions with the main diffusion coefficient (D11) measured for ternary {CDP(1) + β-CD(2)} solutions. These observations are supported by viscosity analysis. All data allow to have a better interpretation on the effect of cyclodextrin on the transport behavior of CDP.
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