1
|
Ahmed M, Malhotra SS, Yadav O, Monika, Saini C, Sharma N, Gupta MK, Mohapatra RK, Ansari A. DFT and TDDFT exploration on electronic transitions and bonding aspect of DPA and PTDC ligated transition metal complexes. J Mol Model 2024; 30:122. [PMID: 38570356 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05912-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT In this study, we have investigated the structure, reactivity, bonding, and electronic transitions of DPA and PDTC along with their Ni-Zn complexes using DFT/TD-DFT methods. The energy gap between the frontier orbitals was computed to understand the reactivity pattern of the ligands and metal complexes. From the energies of FMO's, the global reactivity descriptors such as electron affinity, ionization potential, hardness (η), softness (S), chemical potential (μ), electronegativity (χ), and electrophilicity index (ω) have been calculated. The complexes show a strong NLO properties due to easily polarization as indicated by the narrow HOMO-LUMO gap. The polarizability and hyperpolarizabilities of the complexes indicate that they are good candidates for NLO materials. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps identified electrophilic and nucleophilic sites on the surfaces of the complexes. TDDFT and NBO analyses provided insights into electronic transitions, bonding, and stabilizing interactions within the studied complexes. DPA and PDTC exhibited larger HOMO-LUMO gaps and more negative electrostatic potentials compared to their metal complexes suggesting the higher reactivity. Ligands (DPA and PDTC) had absorption spectra in the range of 250 nm to 285 nm while their complexes spanned 250 nm to 870 nm. These bands offer valuable information on electronic transitions, charge transfer and optical behavior. This work enhances our understanding of the electronic structure and optical properties of these complexes. METHODS Gaussian16 program was used for the optimization of all the compounds. B3LYP functional in combination with basis sets, such as LanL2DZ for Zn, Ni and Cu while 6-311G** for other atoms like C, H, O, N, and S was used. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis is carried out to find out how the filled orbital of one sub-system interacts with the empty orbital of another sub-system. The ORCA software is used for computing spectral features along with the zeroth order regular approximation method (ZORA) to observe its relativistic effects. TD-DFT study is carried out to calculate the excitation energy by using B3LYP functional.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtar Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | - Sumit Sahil Malhotra
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | - Oval Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | - Monika
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | - Charu Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Life Science, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110003, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, 758002, India
| | - Azaj Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ahmed M, Gupta MK, Ansari A. DFT and TDDFT exploration on the role of pyridyl ligands with copper toward bonding aspects and light harvesting. J Mol Model 2023; 29:358. [PMID: 37919553 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Schiff base-containing metal complexes have been the subject of extensive research. In this work, a coordination polymer-derived complex called [Cu(L)] that is solution-stable (L = 2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene-amino)phenol) has been explored theoretically with five different pyridyl-based ligands using DFT/TDDFT in order to understand the structural-functional and electronic transitions of these five complexes. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis was carried out to assess the reactivity behavior of all five complexes. For the purpose of studying the charge energy distribution over complexes, electrostatic potential maps were also drawn. Furthermore, in order to identify any stabilizing interactions that may be present in the given complexes, an NBO analysis was studied. To learn more about any potential correlations between the properties of these five complexes, a comparative analysis was explored. Our calculations demonstrate that complex 3 having pyridine-4-carboxamide as a ligand has a lower energy gap and a higher negative electrostatic potential which may indicate its higher reactivity and this may be due to the electron withdrawing group (carboxamide). TDDFT results show that the highest light harvesting efficiency (LHE) of all the studied complexes is found in the range of 440-448 nm. Complexes 1, 2, and 4 show the higher light harvesting efficiency as compared to complexes 3 and 5. Our findings are in good accordance with the available experimental data. METHODS All DFT computations were performed using the Gaussian16 with unrestricted B3LYP-D2 functional with the basis sets 6-31G(d,p) for O, N, C, and H while LanL2DZ for Cu. The polarized continuum model (PCM) was used for the solvation. The software GaussView6.1 was utilized for the modeling of initial geometries and the plotting of MEP maps. The NBO6.0 program which is incorporated in Gaussian16 was utilized to investigate the bonding nature and stabilization energies of the complexes. The ORCA program was used to simulate the absorption spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtar Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031, India
| | - Azaj Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Binding interactions and Sensing applications of chromone derived Schiff base chemosensors via absorption and emission studies: A comprehensive review. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|