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Chakraborty A, Ghosh S, Biswas B, Pramanik S, Nriagu J, Bhowmick S. Epigenetic modifications from arsenic exposure: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:151218. [PMID: 34717984 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a notorious element with the potential to harm exposed individuals in ways that include cancerous and non-cancerous health complications. Millions of people across the globe (especially in South and Southeast Asian countries including China, Vietnam, India and Bangladesh) are currently being unknowingly exposed to precarious levels of arsenic. Among the diverse effects associated with such arsenic levels of exposure is the propensity to alter the epigenome. Although a large volume of literature exists on arsenic-induced genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and inter-individual susceptibility due to active research on these subject areas from the last millennial, it is only recently that attention has turned on the ramifications and mechanisms of arsenic-induced epigenetic changes. The present review summarizes the possible mechanisms involved in arsenic induced epigenetic alterations. It focuses on the mechanisms underlying epigenome reprogramming from arsenic exposure that result in improper cell signaling and dysfunction of various epigenetic components. The mechanistic information articulated from the review is used to propose a number of novel therapeutic strategies with a potential for ameliorating the burden of worldwide arsenic poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Chakraborty
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Soma Ghosh
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Bratisha Biswas
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Sreemanta Pramanik
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Jerome Nriagu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 109 Observatory Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA
| | - Subhamoy Bhowmick
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Zhao F, Wang C, Sun D, Zhang L, Wang Z, Piao J, Piao J, Jin M. Effects of sodium arsenite and dimethyl arsenic acid on Liaoning cashmere goat skin fibroblasts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:37918-37928. [PMID: 33721167 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The morphology and oxidation state of arsenic in its compounds affects the skin cell toxicity. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to explore the effects of two different arsenic compounds on the proliferation and survival of Liaoning cashmere goat skin fibroblasts. Based on MTT assay results, at 24 h, the proliferation concentration, critical concentration, and half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sodium arsenite were 0.50, 5.00, and 45.66 μmol/L, respectively. The corresponding values for dimethyl arsenic acid were 0.85, 1.00, and 38.68 mmol/L. Immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, and mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) assays showed that sodium arsenite promotes microtubule polymerization and increases MMP, while cells treated with dimethyl arsenic acid exhibited cytoskeletal collapse and decreased MMP. In the IC50 groups for both arsenic agents, the cytoskeletons collapsed, microtubules were gathered into bundles, and MMP was significantly decreased. Dimethyl arsenic acid had a stronger effect on MMP than sodium arsenite. Flow cytometry revealed a slightly lower occurrence of apoptosis in the sodium arsenite proliferation group, while it was slightly increased in the dimethyl arsenic acid proliferation group. Apoptosis was increased more significantly in the sodium arsenite IC50 group than in the dimethyl arsenic acid IC50 group. These results indicate that the differences in cell proliferation and cytotoxicity induced by inorganic and organic arsenic are related to their effects on cellular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Zhao
- Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Dongyu Sun
- Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Zhiyue Wang
- Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Jun Piao
- Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Jingai Piao
- Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Mei Jin
- Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Dalian, 116029, China.
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Sanyal T, Bhattacharjee P, Paul S, Bhattacharjee P. Recent Advances in Arsenic Research: Significance of Differential Susceptibility and Sustainable Strategies for Mitigation. Front Public Health 2020; 8:464. [PMID: 33134234 PMCID: PMC7578365 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in drinking water and associated adverse outcomes are one of the major health issues in more than 50 countries worldwide. The scenario is getting even more detrimental with increasing number of affected people and newer sites reported from all over the world. Apart from drinking water, the presence of arsenic has been found in various other dietary sources. Chronic arsenic toxicity affects multiple physiological systems and may cause malignancies leading to death. Exposed individuals, residing in the same area, developed differential dermatological lesion phenotypes and varied susceptibility toward various other arsenic-induced disease risk, even after consuming equivalent amount of arsenic from the similar source, over the same duration of time. Researches so far indicate that differential susceptibility plays an important role in arsenic-induced disease manifestation. In this comprehensive review, we have identified major population-based studies of the last 20 years, indicating possible causes of differential susceptibility emphasizing arsenic methylation capacity, variation in host genome (single nucleotide polymorphism), and individual epigenetic pattern (DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA expression). Holistic multidisciplinary strategies need to be implemented with few sustainable yet cost-effective solutions like alternative water source, treatment of arsenic-contaminated water, new adaptations in irrigation system, simple modifications in cooking strategy, and dietary supplementations to combat this menace. Our review focuses on the present perspectives of arsenic research with special emphasis on the probable causes of differential susceptibility toward chronic arsenic toxicity and sustainable remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamalika Sanyal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.,Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.,Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Somnath Paul
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, U.T. MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
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Zsigrai S, Kalmár A, Nagy ZB, Barták BK, Valcz G, Szigeti KA, Galamb O, Dankó T, Sebestyén A, Barna G, Szabó V, Pipek O, Medgyes-Horváth A, Csabai I, Tulassay Z, Igaz P, Takács I, Molnár B. S-Adenosylmethionine Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Alters DNA Methylation, DNA Repair and Tumor Progression-Related Gene Expression. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081864. [PMID: 32784836 PMCID: PMC7464653 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Global DNA hypomethylation is a characteristic feature of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The tumor inhibitory effect of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) methyl donor has been described in certain cancers including CRC. However, the molecular impact of SAM treatment on CRC cell lines with distinct genetic features has not been evaluated comprehensively. HT-29 and SW480 cells were treated with 0.5 and 1 mmol/L SAM for 48 h followed by cell proliferation measurements, whole-genome transcriptome and methylome analyses, DNA stability assessments and exome sequencing. SAM reduced cell number and increased senescence by causing S phase arrest, besides, multiple EMT-related genes (e.g., TGFB1) were downregulated in both cell lines. Alteration in the global DNA methylation level was not observed, but certain methylation changes in gene promoters were detected. SAM-induced γ-H2AX elevation could be associated with activated DNA repair pathway showing upregulated gene expression (e.g., HUS1). Remarkable genomic stability elevation, namely, decreased micronucleus number and comet tail length was observed only in SW480 after treatment. SAM has the potential to induce senescence, DNA repair, genome stability and to reduce CRC progression. However, the different therapeutic responses of HT-29 and SW480 to SAM emphasize the importance of the molecular characterization of CRC cases prior to methyl donor supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sára Zsigrai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandra Kalmár
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1051 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zsófia B. Nagy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
| | - Barbara K. Barták
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
| | - Gábor Valcz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1051 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Krisztina A. Szigeti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
| | - Orsolya Galamb
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1051 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Titanilla Dankó
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Anna Sebestyén
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Gábor Barna
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Vanessza Szabó
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (T.D.); (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Orsolya Pipek
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.P.); (A.M.-H.); (I.C.)
| | - Anna Medgyes-Horváth
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.P.); (A.M.-H.); (I.C.)
| | - István Csabai
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.P.); (A.M.-H.); (I.C.)
| | - Zsolt Tulassay
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1051 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Igaz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1051 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - István Takács
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
| | - Béla Molnár
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (A.K.); (Z.B.N.); (B.K.B.); (G.V.); (K.A.S.); (O.G.); (P.I.); (I.T.); (B.M.)
- MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1051 Budapest, Hungary;
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Sanyal T, Bhattacharjee P, Paul S, Bhattacharjee P. Recent Advances in Arsenic Research: Significance of Differential Susceptibility and Sustainable Strategies for Mitigation. Front Public Health 2020. [PMID: 33134234 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh/2020.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in drinking water and associated adverse outcomes are one of the major health issues in more than 50 countries worldwide. The scenario is getting even more detrimental with increasing number of affected people and newer sites reported from all over the world. Apart from drinking water, the presence of arsenic has been found in various other dietary sources. Chronic arsenic toxicity affects multiple physiological systems and may cause malignancies leading to death. Exposed individuals, residing in the same area, developed differential dermatological lesion phenotypes and varied susceptibility toward various other arsenic-induced disease risk, even after consuming equivalent amount of arsenic from the similar source, over the same duration of time. Researches so far indicate that differential susceptibility plays an important role in arsenic-induced disease manifestation. In this comprehensive review, we have identified major population-based studies of the last 20 years, indicating possible causes of differential susceptibility emphasizing arsenic methylation capacity, variation in host genome (single nucleotide polymorphism), and individual epigenetic pattern (DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA expression). Holistic multidisciplinary strategies need to be implemented with few sustainable yet cost-effective solutions like alternative water source, treatment of arsenic-contaminated water, new adaptations in irrigation system, simple modifications in cooking strategy, and dietary supplementations to combat this menace. Our review focuses on the present perspectives of arsenic research with special emphasis on the probable causes of differential susceptibility toward chronic arsenic toxicity and sustainable remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamalika Sanyal
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Pritha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Somnath Paul
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, U.T. MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
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Jha DK, Sayrav K, Mishra GP, Mishra BB, Kumari A, Kumar A, Khan PK. Risk assessment of low arsenic exposure using biomarkers of oxidative and genotoxic stress in a piscine model. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:669-679. [PMID: 31256308 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The high level exposure to arsenic induces marked oxidative and genotoxic stress. However, information on the potential of low level arsenic exposure in this context is still scanty. In the present study, the extent of oxidative stress and genetic toxicity induced by low arsenic exposure was explored in freshwater fish Channa punctatus. Fish were exposed to low levels of arsenic (10 and 50 µg L-1) as well as to its high level (500 µg L-1) using sodium arsenite in aquaria water for 14 consecutive days. The TBARS assay for lipid peroxidation exhibited the increased occurrence of oxidative damage in the erythrocytes of fish at both the lower and higher levels of arsenic exposure. The level of reduced glutathione was also elevated in all the three arsenic exposed groups of fish compared to control. In contrast, significant decline was observed in the levels of three major antioxidant enzymes namely, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, upon exposure to higher as well as lower levels of arsenic. Significant increases in micronucleus induction were found in the erythrocytes of fish even at the low levels of arsenic exposure. The study further revealed the occurrence of DNA fragmentation in the erythrocytes of fish at low arsenic exposures as well. The low level exposure to arsenic (using sodium arsenite), therefore, appeared to be capable of inducing noticeable oxidative stress as well as potential genotoxic effect in Channa punctatus. Moreover, the ability of arsenic to induce oxidative stress invariably appeared correlated with its genotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak K Jha
- Department of Zoology, Patna University, Patna, 800 005, India
| | - Kumar Sayrav
- Department of Zoology, Patna University, Patna, 800 005, India
| | - Gaurav P Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Patna University, Patna, 800 005, India
| | - Bipin B Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Patna University, Patna, 800 005, India
| | - Anupma Kumari
- Department of Zoology, Patna University, Patna, 800 005, India
| | - Amod Kumar
- Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Parimal K Khan
- Department of Zoology, Patna University, Patna, 800 005, India.
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Öner D, Ghosh M, Bové H, Moisse M, Boeckx B, Duca RC, Poels K, Luyts K, Putzeys E, Van Landuydt K, Vanoirbeek JA, Ameloot M, Lambrechts D, Godderis L, Hoet PH. Differences in MWCNT- and SWCNT-induced DNA methylation alterations in association with the nuclear deposition. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:11. [PMID: 29426343 PMCID: PMC5807760 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subtle DNA methylation alterations mediated by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exposure might contribute to pathogenesis and disease susceptibility. It is known that both multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) interact with nucleus. Such, nuclear-CNT interaction may affect the DNA methylation effects. In order to understand the epigenetic toxicity, in particular DNA methylation alterations, of SWCNTs and short MWCNTs, we performed global/genome-wide, gene-specific DNA methylation and RNA-expression analyses after exposing human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o- cell line). In addition, the presence of CNTs on/in the cell nucleus was evaluated in a label-free way using femtosecond pulsed laser microscopy. RESULTS Generally, a higher number of SWCNTs, compared to MWCNTs, was deposited at both the cellular and nuclear level after exposure. Nonetheless, both CNT types were in physical contact with the nuclei. While particle type dependency was noticed for the identified genome-wide and gene-specific alterations, no global DNA methylation alteration on 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) sites was observed for both CNTs. After exposure to MWCNTs, 2398 genes were hypomethylated (at gene promoters), and after exposure to SWCNTs, 589 CpG sites (located on 501 genes) were either hypo- (N = 493 CpG sites) or hypermethylated (N = 96 CpG sites). Cells exposed to MWCNTs exhibited a better correlation between gene promoter methylation and gene expression alterations. Differentially methylated and expressed genes induced changes (MWCNTs > SWCNTs) at different cellular pathways, such as p53 signalling, DNA damage repair and cell cycle. On the other hand, SWCNT exposure showed hypermethylation on functionally important genes, such as SKI proto-oncogene (SKI), glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GTSP1) and shroom family member 2 (SHROOM2) and neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), which the latter is both hypermethylated and downregulated. CONCLUSION After exposure to both types of CNTs, epigenetic alterations may contribute to toxic or repair response. Moreover, our results suggest that the observed differences in the epigenetic response depend on particle type and differential CNT-nucleus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Öner
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manosij Ghosh
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Bové
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Biomedical Research Institute, Agoralaan Building C, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Boeckx
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Radu C Duca
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Poels
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Luyts
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eveline Putzeys
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Unit of Biomaterials (BIOMAT), KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Van Landuydt
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Unit of Biomaterials (BIOMAT), KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Aj Vanoirbeek
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Agoralaan Building C, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, IDEWE, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Hm Hoet
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Rao CV, Pal S, Mohammed A, Farooqui M, Doescher MP, Asch AS, Yamada HY. Biological effects and epidemiological consequences of arsenic exposure, and reagents that can ameliorate arsenic damage in vivo. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57605-57621. [PMID: 28915699 PMCID: PMC5593671 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Through contaminated diet, water, and other forms of environmental exposure, arsenic affects human health. There are many U.S. and worldwide "hot spots" where the arsenic level in public water exceeds the maximum exposure limit. The biological effects of chronic arsenic exposure include generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage, epigenetic DNA modification, induction of genomic instability, and inflammation and immunomodulation, all of which can initiate carcinogenesis. High arsenic exposure is epidemiologically associated with skin, lung, bladder, liver, kidney and pancreatic cancer, and cardiovascular, neuronal, and other diseases. This review briefly summarizes the biological effects of arsenic exposure and epidemiological cancer studies worldwide, and provides an overview for emerging rodent-based studies of reagents that can ameliorate the effects of arsenic exposure in vivo. These reagents may be translated to human populations for disease prevention. We propose the importance of developing a biomarker-based precision prevention approach for the health issues associated with arsenic exposure that affects millions of people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinthalapally V Rao
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sanya Pal
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Altaf Mohammed
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Mudassir Farooqui
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Mark P Doescher
- Stephenson Cancer Center and Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Adam S Asch
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Hiroshi Y Yamada
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Fenech M, Knasmueller S, Bolognesi C, Bonassi S, Holland N, Migliore L, Palitti F, Natarajan AT, Kirsch-Volders M. Molecular mechanisms by which in vivo exposure to exogenous chemical genotoxic agents can lead to micronucleus formation in lymphocytes in vivo and ex vivo in humans. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 770:12-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Paul S, Giri AK. Epimutagenesis: A prospective mechanism to remediate arsenic-induced toxicity. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 81:8-17. [PMID: 25898228 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic toxicity is a global issue, addressed by the World Health Organization as one of the major natural calamities faced by humans. More than 137 million individuals in 70 nations are affected by arsenic mainly through drinking water and also through diet. Chronic arsenic exposure leads to various types of patho-physiological end points in humans including cancers. Arsenic, a xenobiotic substance, is biotransformed in the body to its methylated species by using the physiological S-adenosyl methionine (SAM). SAM dictates methylation status of the genome and arsenic metabolism leads to depletion of SAM leading to an epigenetic disequilibrium. Since epigenetics is one of the major phenomenon at the interface between the environment and human health impact, its disequilibrium by arsenic inflicts upon the chromatin compaction, gene expression, genomic stability and a host of biomolecular interactions, the interactome within the cell. Since arsenic is not mutagenic but is carcinogenic in nature, arsenic induced epimutagenesis has come to the forefront since it determines the transcriptional and genomic integrity of the cell. Arsenic toxicity brings forth several pathophysiological manifestations like dermatological non-cancerous, pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions, peripheral neuropathy, DNA damage, respiratory disorders and cancers of several internal organs. Recently, several diseases of similar manifestations have been explained with the relevant epigenetic perspectives regarding the possible molecular mechanism for their onset. Hence, in the current review, we comprehensively try to intercalate the information on arsenic-induced epigenetic alterations of DNA, histones and microRNA so as to understand whether the arsenic-induced toxic manifestations are brought about by the epigenetic changes. We highlight the need to understand the aspect of epimutagenesis and subsequent alterations in the cellular interactome due to arsenic-induced molecular changes, which may be utilized to develop putative therapeutic strategies targeting both oxidative potential and epimutagenesis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Paul
- Molecular and Human Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ashok K Giri
- Molecular and Human Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Bustaffa E, Stoccoro A, Bianchi F, Migliore L. Genotoxic and epigenetic mechanisms in arsenic carcinogenicity. Arch Toxicol 2014; 88:1043-67. [PMID: 24691704 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a human carcinogen with weak mutagenic properties that induces tumors through mechanisms not yet completely understood. People worldwide are exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water, and epidemiological studies showed a high percentage of lung, bladder, liver, and kidney cancer in these populations. Several mechanisms by which arsenical compounds induce tumorigenesis were proposed including genotoxic damage and chromosomal abnormalities. Over the past decade, a growing body of evidence indicated that epigenetic modifications have a role in arsenic-inducing adverse effects on human health. The main epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation in gene promoter regions that regulate gene expression, histone tail modifications that regulate the accessibility of transcriptional machinery to genes, and microRNA activity (noncoding RNA able to modulate mRNA translation). The "double capacity" of arsenic to induce mutations and epimutations could be the main cause of arsenic-induced carcinogenesis. The aim of this review is to better clarify the mechanisms of the initiation and/or the promotion of arsenic-induced carcinogenesis in order to understand the best way to perform an early diagnosis and a prompt prevention that is the key point for protecting arsenic-exposed population. Studies on arsenic-exposed population should be designed in order to examine more comprehensively the presence and consequences of these genetic/epigenetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bustaffa
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Diseases Registries, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, Via Moruzzi 1, 56123, Pisa, Italy
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12
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Unterberg M, Leffers L, Hübner F, Humpf HU, Lepikhov K, Walter J, Ebert F, Schwerdtle T. Toxicity of arsenite and thio-DMAV after long-term (21 days) incubation of human urothelial cells: cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and epigenetics. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00036f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to further mechanistically understand toxic modes of action after chronic arsenic species exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Unterberg
- Graduate School of Chemistry
- WWU Muenster
- 48149 Muenster, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences
- University of Potsdam
| | - Larissa Leffers
- Graduate School of Chemistry
- WWU Muenster
- 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Florian Hübner
- Institute of Food Chemistry
- WWU Muenster
- 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Graduate School of Chemistry
- WWU Muenster
- 48149 Muenster, Germany
- Institute of Food Chemistry
- WWU Muenster
| | - Konstantin Lepikhov
- Department of Genetics/Epigenetics
- Campus Saarbruecken
- Saarland University
- 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics/Epigenetics
- Campus Saarbruecken
- Saarland University
- 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Franziska Ebert
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences
- University of Potsdam
- 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Graduate School of Chemistry
- WWU Muenster
- 48149 Muenster, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences
- University of Potsdam
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Luzhna L, Kathiria P, Kovalchuk O. Micronuclei in genotoxicity assessment: from genetics to epigenetics and beyond. Front Genet 2013; 4:131. [PMID: 23874352 PMCID: PMC3708156 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN) are extra-nuclear bodies that contain damaged chromosome fragments and/or whole chromosomes that were not incorporated into the nucleus after cell division. MN can be induced by defects in the cell repair machinery and accumulation of DNA damages and chromosomal aberrations. A variety of genotoxic agents may induce MN formation leading to cell death, genomic instability, or cancer development. In this review, the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of MN formation after various clastogenic and aneugenic effects on cell division and cell cycle are described. The knowledge accumulated in literature on cytotoxicity of various genotoxins is precisely reflected and individual sensitivity to MN formation due to single gene polymorphisms is discussed. The importance of rapid MN scoring with respect to the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay is also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiya Luzhna
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Abstract
Aneuploidy is a common feature of cancer cells, and is believed to play a critical role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Most cancer cells also exhibit high rates of mitotic chromosome mis-segregation, a phenomenon known as chromosomal instability, which leads to high variability of the karyotype. Here, we describe the nature, nuances, and implications of cancer karyotypic diversity. Moreover, we summarize recent studies aimed at identifying the mitotic defects that may be responsible for inducing chromosome mis-segregation in cancer cells. These include kinetochore attachment errors, spindle assembly checkpoint dysfunction, mitotic spindle defects, and other cell division inaccuracies. Finally, we discuss how such mitotic errors generate karyotypic diversity in cancer cells.
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Genotoxic effects of arsenic: Prevention by functional food-jaggery. Cancer Lett 2008; 268:325-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2008] [Revised: 04/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Heterozygous screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae identifies dosage-sensitive genes that affect chromosome stability. Genetics 2008; 178:1193-207. [PMID: 18245329 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.107.084103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Current techniques for identifying mutations that convey a small increased cancer risk or those that modify cancer risk in carriers of highly penetrant mutations are limited by the statistical power of epidemiologic studies, which require screening of large populations and candidate genes. To identify dosage-sensitive genes that mediate genomic stability, we performed a genomewide screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for heterozygous mutations that increase chromosome instability in a checkpoint-deficient diploid strain. We used two genome stability assays sensitive enough to detect the impact of heterozygous mutations and identified 172 heterozygous gene disruptions that affected chromosome fragment (CF) loss, 45% of which also conferred modest but statistically significant instability of endogenous chromosomes. Analysis of heterozygous deletion of 65 of these genes demonstrated that the majority increased genomic instability in both checkpoint-deficient and wild-type backgrounds. Strains heterozygous for COMA kinetochore complex genes were particularly unstable. Over 50% of the genes identified in this screen have putative human homologs, including CHEK2, ERCC4, and TOPBP1, which are already associated with inherited cancer susceptibility. These findings encourage the incorporation of this orthologous gene list into cancer epidemiology studies and suggest further analysis of heterozygous phenotypes in yeast as models of human disease resulting from haplo-insufficiency.
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Ramírez T, Stopper H, Fischer T, Hock R, Herrera LA. S-adenosyl-L-methionine counteracts mitotic disturbances and cytostatic effects induced by sodium arsenite in HeLa cells. Mutat Res 2008; 637:152-60. [PMID: 17888458 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2007.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2007] [Revised: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 08/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Aneuploidy represents a serious problem for human health. Toxicological data have shown that aneuploidy can be caused by exposure to chemical agents known as mitotic spindle poisons, since they arrest cell cycle in mitosis through their interaction with tubulin. Among these agents is arsenic. In previous reports, we demonstrated that the aneugenic events induced by sodium arsenite can be abolished by the exogenous addition of S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM). Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved are still unknown. The aim of the present work was to study the influence of SAM on the mitotic disturbances caused by sodium arsenite. To achieve this goal, we analyzed microtubule (MT) polymerization by immunolocalization and live cell microscopy of mitotic cells. Our findings indicate that sodium arsenite alters the dynamics of MT polymerization, induces centrosome amplification and delays mitosis. Furthermore, SAM reduces the alterations on MT dynamics, as well as centrosome amplification, and therefore diminishes the formation of multipolar spindles in treated HeLa cells. In addition, SAM decreases the progression time through mitosis. Taking these data together, we consider that the mechanism by which SAM reduces the frequency of aneuploid cells must be related to the modulation of the dynamics and organization of MT, suggesting a role of SAM on chromosome segregation, which should be further investigated in primary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzutzuy Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Sodium arsenite modulates histone acetylation, histone deacetylase activity and HMGN protein dynamics in human cells. Chromosoma 2007; 117:147-57. [PMID: 17999076 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-007-0133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Accepted: 10/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Extensive epidemiological data indicate that inorganic arsenic is associated with several types of human cancer. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Among its mode of action are the alterations on DNA methylation, which provoke aberrant gene expression. However, beyond DNA methylation, little is known about arsenic's effects on chromatin. In this study, we investigated the effects of sodium arsenite (NaAsO(2)) on global histone modifications and nucleosome-associated proteins. Our findings revealed that NaAsO(2) exposure significantly increases global histone acetylation. This effect was related to the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity because NaAsO(2) was able to inhibit HDACs comparable to the well-known HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA). Furthermore, analyses of the dynamic properties of the nucleosome-associated high mobility group N proteins demonstrate that NaAsO(2) elevates their mobility. Thus, our data suggest that NaAsO(2) induces chromatin opening by histone hyperacetylation due to HDAC inhibition and increase of the mobility of nucleosome-associated proteins. As the chromatin compaction is crucial for the regulation of gene expression as well as for genome stability, we propose that chromatin opening by NaAsO(2) may play a significant role to impart its genotoxic effects.
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