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Hartlerode AJ, Mostafa AM, Orban SK, Benedeck R, Campbell K, Hoenerhoff MJ, Ferguson DO, Sekiguchi JM. Reduced levels of MRE11 cause disease phenotypes distinct from ataxia telangiectasia-like disorder. Hum Mol Genet 2024:ddae101. [PMID: 38888340 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 (MRN) complex plays critical roles in cellular responses to DNA double-strand breaks. MRN is involved in end binding and processing, and it also induces cell cycle checkpoints by activating the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase. Hypomorphic pathogenic variants in the MRE11, RAD50, or NBS1 genes cause autosomal recessive genome instability syndromes featuring variable degrees of dwarfism, neurological defects, anemia, and cancer predisposition. Disease-associated MRN alleles include missense and nonsense variants, and many cause reduced protein levels of the entire MRN complex. However, the dramatic variability in the disease manifestation of MRN pathogenic variants is not understood. We sought to determine if low protein levels are a significant contributor to disease sequelae and therefore generated a transgenic murine model expressing MRE11 at low levels. These mice display dramatic phenotypes including small body size, severe anemia, and impaired DNA repair. We demonstrate that, distinct from ataxia telangiectasia-like disorder caused by MRE11 pathogenic missense or nonsense variants, mice and cultured cells expressing low MRE11 levels do not display the anticipated defects in ATM activation. Our findings indicate that ATM signaling can be supported by very low levels of the MRN complex and imply that defective ATM activation results from perturbation of MRN function caused by specific hypomorphic disease mutations. These distinct phenotypic outcomes underline the importance of understanding the impact of specific pathogenic MRE11 variants, which may help direct appropriate early surveillance for patients with these complicated disorders in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Hartlerode
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Rm 2067, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Rm 2063, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
| | - Ahmed M Mostafa
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Rm 2067, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Cairo, Egypt 11566
| | - Steven K Orban
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Rm 2067, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
| | - Rachel Benedeck
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Rm 2067, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Program in Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, University of Michigan Medical School, 1135 Catherine Street, Rm 2960, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Koral Campbell
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Rm 2067, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Program in Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, University of Michigan Medical School, 1135 Catherine Street, Rm 2960, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Mark J Hoenerhoff
- In Vivo Animal Core, Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - David O Ferguson
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Rm 2067, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
| | - JoAnn M Sekiguchi
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Rm 2063, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
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Saha A, Palchaudhuri R, Lanieri L, Hyzy S, Riddle MJ, Panthera J, Eide CR, Tolar J, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Gorfinkel L, Tkachev V, Gerdemann U, Alvarez-Calderon F, Palato ER, MacMillan ML, Wagner JE, Kean LS, Osborn MJ, Kiem HP, Scadden DT, Olson LM, Blazar BR. Alloengraftment without significant toxicity or GVHD in CD45 antibody-drug conjugate-conditioned Fanconi anemia mice. Blood 2024; 143:2201-2216. [PMID: 38447038 PMCID: PMC11143525 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023023549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited DNA repair disorder characterized by bone marrow (BM) failure, developmental abnormalities, myelodysplasia, leukemia, and solid tumor predisposition. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), a mainstay treatment, is limited by conditioning regimen-related toxicity and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can open marrow niches permitting donor stem cell alloengraftment. Here, we report that single dose anti-mouse CD45-targeted ADC (CD45-ADC) facilitated stable, multilineage chimerism in 3 distinct FA mouse models representing 90% of FA complementation groups. CD45-ADC profoundly depleted host stem cell enriched Lineage-Sca1+cKit+ cells within 48 hours. Fanca-/- recipients of minor-mismatched BM and single dose CD45-ADC had peripheral blood (PB) mean donor chimerism >90%; donor HSCs alloengraftment was verified in secondary recipients. In Fancc-/- and Fancg-/- recipients of fully allogeneic grafts, PB mean donor chimerism was 60% to 80% and 70% to 80%, respectively. The mean percent donor chimerism in BM and spleen mirrored PB results. CD45-ADC-conditioned mice did not have clinical toxicity. A transient <2.5-fold increase in hepatocellular enzymes and mild-to-moderate histopathological changes were seen. Under GVHD allo-HSCT conditions, wild-type and Fanca-/- recipients of CD45-ADC had markedly reduced GVHD lethality compared with lethal irradiation. Moreover, single dose anti-human CD45-ADC given to rhesus macaque nonhuman primates on days -6 or -10 was at least as myeloablative as lethal irradiation. These data suggest that CD45-ADC can potently promote donor alloengraftment and hematopoiesis without significant toxicity or severe GVHD, as seen with lethal irradiation, providing strong support for clinical trial considerations in highly vulnerable patients with FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Saha
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | | | - Megan J. Riddle
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jamie Panthera
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Cindy R. Eide
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jakub Tolar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Lev Gorfinkel
- Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Victor Tkachev
- Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Transplantation Sciences, Mass General Brigham and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ulrike Gerdemann
- Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Margaret L. MacMillan
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - John E. Wagner
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Leslie S. Kean
- Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Mark J. Osborn
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Department of Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - David T. Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Bruce R. Blazar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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3
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Ruan Y, Li X, Wang X, Zhai G, Lou Q, Jin X, He J, Mei J, Xiao W, Gui J, Yin Z. New insights into the all-testis differentiation in zebrafish with compromised endogenous androgen and estrogen synthesis. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011170. [PMID: 38451917 PMCID: PMC10919652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The regulatory mechanism of gonadal sex differentiation, which is complex and regulated by multiple factors, remains poorly understood in teleosts. Recently, we have shown that compromised androgen and estrogen synthesis with increased progestin leads to all-male differentiation with proper testis development and spermatogenesis in cytochrome P450 17a1 (cyp17a1)-/- zebrafish. In the present study, the phenotypes of female-biased sex ratio were positively correlated with higher Fanconi anemia complementation group L (fancl) expression in the gonads of doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 (dmrt1)-/- and cyp17a1-/-;dmrt1-/- fish. The additional depletion of fancl in cyp17a1-/-;dmrt1-/- zebrafish reversed the gonadal sex differentiation from all-ovary to all-testis (in cyp17a1-/-;dmrt1-/-;fancl-/- fish). Luciferase assay revealed a synergistic inhibitory effect of Dmrt1 and androgen signaling on fancl transcription. Furthermore, an interaction between Fancl and the apoptotic factor Tumour protein p53 (Tp53) was found in vitro. The interaction between Fancl and Tp53 was observed via the WD repeat domain (WDR) and C-terminal domain (CTD) of Fancl and the DNA binding domain (DBD) of Tp53, leading to the K48-linked polyubiquitination degradation of Tp53 activated by the ubiquitin ligase, Fancl. Our results show that testis fate in cyp17a1-/- fish is determined by Dmrt1, which is thought to stabilize Tp53 by inhibiting fancl transcription during the critical stage of sexual fate determination in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Ruan
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehui Li
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Zhai
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyong Lou
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Jin
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangyan He
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Mei
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wuhan Xiao
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianfang Gui
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhan Yin
- State key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, China
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4
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Wang Q, Liu J, Zhong Y, Li D, Zhong Y, Ying H, Zhang T. A Fanca knockout mouse model reveals novel Fancd2 function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 696:149454. [PMID: 38217981 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically and clinically heterogenous inherited disorder. Clinically, Fanca subtype patients exhibited milder phenotypes compared to Fancd2 subtypes. Increasing evidence suggests that Fancd2 perform independent functions, but the detailed mechanisms are not well characterized. In this study, we developed a Fanca KO mice model in C57BL/6 background with ATG region deletion, then performed a detailed FA phenotypes characterization and analysis with Fanca KO mice and Fancd2 KO mice in the same congenic background. We found that both the Fanca KO and Fancd2 KO cause severe FA phenotypes in mice. However, Fanca KO mice exhibited milder FA phenotypes comparing to Fancd2 KO mice. Fanca KO mice showed higher embryonic and postnatal survival rate, less congenital eye defects in early development. At adult stage, Fanca KO mice showed increased HSC number and reconstitution function. Furthermore, we did RNA-seq study and identified differential expression of Dlk1 and Dlk1 pathway genes in Fanca KO and Fancd2 KO embryonic cells and adult HSCs. Finally, we revealed that Fancd2 was expressed and physically interact with Dlk1 in Fanca KO cells. Collectively, our findings suggested that Fancd2 has distinct functions in the absence of Fanca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Experimental Animal Research Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Experimental Animal Research Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixinhe Zhong
- Experimental Animal Research Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongbo Li
- Experimental Animal Research Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yusen Zhong
- Experimental Animal Research Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animals & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huazhong Ying
- Experimental Animal Research Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animals & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Experimental Animal Research Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animals & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Kocere A, Chiavacci E, Soneson C, Wells HH, Méndez-Acevedo KM, MacGowan JS, Jacobson ST, Hiltabidle MS, Raghunath A, Shavit JA, Panáková D, Williams MLK, Robinson MD, Mosimann C, Burger A. Rbm8a deficiency causes hematopoietic defects by modulating Wnt/PCP signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.04.12.536513. [PMID: 37090609 PMCID: PMC10120739 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.12.536513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Defects in blood development frequently occur among syndromic congenital anomalies. Thrombocytopenia-Absent Radius (TAR) syndrome is a rare congenital condition with reduced platelets (hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia) and forelimb anomalies, concurrent with more variable heart and kidney defects. TAR syndrome associates with hypomorphic gene function for RBM8A/Y14 that encodes a component of the exon junction complex involved in mRNA splicing, transport, and nonsense-mediated decay. How perturbing a general mRNA-processing factor causes the selective TAR Syndrome phenotypes remains unknown. Here, we connect zebrafish rbm8a perturbation to early hematopoietic defects via attenuated non-canonical Wnt/Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) signaling that controls developmental cell re-arrangements. In hypomorphic rbm8a zebrafish, we observe a significant reduction of cd41-positive thrombocytes. rbm8a-mutant zebrafish embryos accumulate mRNAs with individual retained introns, a hallmark of defective nonsense-mediated decay; affected mRNAs include transcripts for non-canonical Wnt/PCP pathway components. We establish that rbm8a-mutant embryos show convergent extension defects and that reduced rbm8a function interacts with perturbations in non-canonical Wnt/PCP pathway genes wnt5b, wnt11f2, fzd7a, and vangl2. Using live-imaging, we found reduced rbm8a function impairs the architecture of the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) that forms hematopoietic, cardiovascular, kidney, and forelimb skeleton progenitors as affected in TAR Syndrome. Both mutants for rbm8a and for the PCP gene vangl2 feature impaired expression of early hematopoietic/endothelial genes including runx1 and the megakaryocyte regulator gfi1aa. Together, our data propose aberrant LPM patterning and hematopoietic defects as consequence of attenuated non-canonical Wnt/PCP signaling upon reduced rbm8a function. These results also link TAR Syndrome to a potential LPM origin and a developmental mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Kocere
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Chiavacci
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Soneson
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Harrison H. Wells
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Jacalyn S. MacGowan
- Center for Precision Environmental Health and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seth T. Jacobson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Max S. Hiltabidle
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Azhwar Raghunath
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jordan A. Shavit
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniela Panáková
- Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin-Buch, Germany
- University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Margot L. K. Williams
- Center for Precision Environmental Health and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark D. Robinson
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Mosimann
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexa Burger
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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6
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Huang T, Leung B, Huang Y, Price L, Gui J, Lau BW. A murine model to evaluate immunotherapy effectiveness for human Fanconi anemia-mutated acute myeloid leukemia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292375. [PMID: 38289944 PMCID: PMC10826936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA)-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a secondary AML with very poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options due to increased sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors upregulate T-cell killing of cancer cells and is a class of promising treatment for FA-AML. Here, we developed a novel FA-AML murine model that allows the study of human AML with a humanized immune system in order to investigate immunotherapeutic treatments in vivo. FA-AML1 cells and non-FA-mutated Kasumi-1 cells were injected into 8-10 week old NSG mice. Once leukemic engraftment was confirmed by HLA-DR expression in the peripheral blood, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) were injected into the mice. One week post-hPBMCs injection, Nivolumab (PD-1 inhibitor) or PBS vehicle control was administered to the mice bi-weekly. In our Nivolumab treated mice, FA-AML1, but not Kasumi-1-engrafted mice, had significantly prolonged overall survival. Both FA-AML1 and Kasumi-1 engrafted mice had decreased spleen weights. Higher leukemic infiltration into vital organs was observed in FA-AML1 engrafted mice compared to Kasumi-1 engrafted mice. In conclusion, our novel humanized murine model of FA-mutated AML is an attractive tool for supporting further studies and clinical trials using PD-1 inhibitors to treat FA-mutated AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huang
- Dartmouth Health Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Bernice Leung
- Dartmouth Health Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Yuyang Huang
- Dartmouth Health Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Laura Price
- Dartmouth Health Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Jiang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Bonnie W. Lau
- Dartmouth Health Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
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7
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Sato K, Knipscheer P. G-quadruplex resolution: From molecular mechanisms to physiological relevance. DNA Repair (Amst) 2023; 130:103552. [PMID: 37572578 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2023.103552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Guanine-rich DNA sequences can fold into stable four-stranded structures called G-quadruplexes or G4s. Research in the past decade demonstrated that G4 structures are widespread in the genome and prevalent in regulatory regions of actively transcribed genes. The formation of G4s has been tightly linked to important biological processes including regulation of gene expression and genome maintenance. However, they can also pose a serious threat to genome integrity especially by impeding DNA replication, and G4-associated somatic mutations have been found accumulated in the cancer genomes. Specialised DNA helicases and single stranded DNA binding proteins that can resolve G4 structures play a crucial role in preventing genome instability. The large variety of G4 unfolding proteins suggest the presence of multiple G4 resolution mechanisms in cells. Recently, there has been considerable progress in our detailed understanding of how G4s are resolved, especially during DNA replication. In this review, we first discuss the current knowledge of the genomic G4 landscapes and the impact of G4 structures on DNA replication and genome integrity. We then describe the recent progress on the mechanisms that resolve G4 structures and their physiological relevance. Finally, we discuss therapeutic opportunities to target G4 structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Sato
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Puck Knipscheer
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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8
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Gohil D, Sarker AH, Roy R. Base Excision Repair: Mechanisms and Impact in Biology, Disease, and Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14186. [PMID: 37762489 PMCID: PMC10531636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Base excision repair (BER) corrects forms of oxidative, deamination, alkylation, and abasic single-base damage that appear to have minimal effects on the helix. Since its discovery in 1974, the field has grown in several facets: mechanisms, biology and physiology, understanding deficiencies and human disease, and using BER genes as potential inhibitory targets to develop therapeutics. Within its segregation of short nucleotide (SN-) and long patch (LP-), there are currently six known global mechanisms, with emerging work in transcription- and replication-associated BER. Knockouts (KOs) of BER genes in mouse models showed that single glycosylase knockout had minimal phenotypic impact, but the effects were clearly seen in double knockouts. However, KOs of downstream enzymes showed critical impact on the health and survival of mice. BER gene deficiency contributes to cancer, inflammation, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. Medicinal targets are being developed for single or combinatorial therapies, but only PARP and APE1 have yet to reach the clinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhara Gohil
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
| | - Altaf H. Sarker
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
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9
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Pawlikowska P, Delestré L, Gregoricchio S, Oppezzo A, Esposito M, Diop MB, Rosselli F, Guillouf C. FANCA deficiency promotes leukaemic progression by allowing the emergence of cells carrying oncogenic driver mutations. Oncogene 2023; 42:2764-2775. [PMID: 37573408 PMCID: PMC10491493 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02800-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Leukaemia is caused by the clonal evolution of a cell that accumulates mutations/genomic rearrangements, allowing unrestrained cell growth. However, recent identification of leukaemic mutations in the blood cells of healthy individuals revealed that additional events are required to expand the mutated clones for overt leukaemia. Here, we assessed the functional consequences of deleting the Fanconi anaemia A (Fanca) gene, which encodes a DNA damage response protein, in Spi1 transgenic mice that develop preleukaemic syndrome. FANCA loss increases SPI1-associated disease penetrance and leukaemic progression without increasing the global mutation load of leukaemic clones. However, a high frequency of leukaemic FANCA-depleted cells display heterozygous activating mutations in known oncogenes, such as Kit or Nras, also identified but at low frequency in FANCA-WT mice with preleukaemic syndrome, indicating that FANCA counteracts the emergence of oncogene mutated leukaemic cells. A unique transcriptional signature is associated with the leukaemic status of FANCA-depleted cells, leading to activation of MDM4, NOTCH and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. We show that NOTCH signalling improves the proliferation capacity of FANCA-deficient leukaemic cells. Collectively, our observations indicate that loss of the FANC pathway, known to control genetic instability, fosters the expansion of leukaemic cells carrying oncogenic mutations rather than mutation formation. FANCA loss may contribute to this leukaemogenic progression by reprogramming transcriptomic landscape of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Pawlikowska
- CNRS UMR9019, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Inserm U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, CNRS UMS3655, Inserm US23AMMICA, Villejuif, France
| | - Laure Delestré
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Inserm UMR1170, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Sebastian Gregoricchio
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Inserm UMR1170, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alessia Oppezzo
- CNRS UMR9019, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Michela Esposito
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Inserm UMR1170, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - M' Boyba Diop
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Inserm UMR1170, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Filippo Rosselli
- CNRS UMR9019, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.
| | - Christel Guillouf
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.
- Inserm UMR1170, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
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10
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Gong Y, Liang Y, Liu J, Wei J, Zhang S, Chen F, Zhang Q, Wang L, Lan H, Wu L, Ge W, Li S, Wang L, Shan H, He H. DDX24 Is Essential for Cell Cycle Regulation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells During Vascular Development via Binding to FANCA mRNA. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1653-1667. [PMID: 37470182 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The DEAD-box family is essential for tumorigenesis and embryogenesis. Previously, we linked the malfunction of DDX (DEAD-box RNA helicase)-24 to a special type of vascular malformation. Here, we aim to investigate the function of DDX24 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and embryonic vascular development. METHODS Cardiomyocyte (CMC) and VSMC-specific Ddx24 knockout mice were generated by crossing Tagln-Cre mice with Ddx24flox/flox transgenic mice. The development of blood vessels was explored by stereomicroscope photography and immunofluorescence staining. Flow cytometry and cell proliferation assays were used to verify the regulation of DDX24 on the function of VSMCs. RNA sequencing and RNA immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were combined to investigate DDX24 downstream regulatory molecules. RNA pull-down and RNA stability experiments were performed to explore the regulation mechanism of DDX24. RESULTS CMC/VSMC-specific Ddx24 knockout mice died before embryonic day 13.5 with defects in vessel formation and abnormal vascular remodeling in extraembryonic tissues. Ddx24 knockdown suppressed VSMC proliferation via cell cycle arrest, likely due to increased DNA damage. DDX24 protein bound to and stabilized the mRNA of FANCA (FA complementation group A) that responded to DNA damage. Consistent with the function of DDX24, depletion of FANCA also impacted cell cycle and DNA repair of VSMCs. Overexpression of FANCA was able to rescue the alterations caused by DDX24 deficiency. CONCLUSIONS Our study unveiled a critical role of DDX24 in VSMC-mediated vascular development, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for VSMC-related pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Medical Center (Y.L., J.L., Li Wang), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Medical Center (Y.L., J.L., Li Wang), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jiaxing Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Interventional Medicine and Center for Interventional Medicine (J.W., H.S.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Shushan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Fangbin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Huimin Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lily Wu
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology (L. Wu), Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles
- Urology (L. Wu), Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles
- Pediatrics (L. Wu), Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China (W.G.)
| | - Shuai Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Medical Center (Y.L., J.L., Li Wang), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hong Shan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Department of Interventional Medicine and Center for Interventional Medicine (J.W., H.S.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Huanhuan He
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging (Y.G., J.W., S.Z., F.C., Q.Z., Lijie Wang, H.L., S.L., H.S., H.H.), The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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11
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Zhou Z, Yang H, Liang X, Zhou T, Zhang T, Yang Y, Wang J, Wang W. C1orf112 teams up with FIGNL1 to facilitate RAD51 filament disassembly and DNA interstrand cross-link repair. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112907. [PMID: 37515771 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The recombinase RAD51 plays a core role in DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR). The assembly and disassembly of RAD51 filament need to be orderly regulated by mediators such as BRCA2 and anti-recombinases. To screen for potential regulators of RAD51, we perform RAD51 proximity proteomics and identify factor C1orf112. We further find that C1orf112 complexed with FIGNL1 facilitates RAD51 filament disassembly in the HR step of Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway. Specifically, C1orf112 physically interacts with FIGNL1 and enhances its protein stability. Meanwhile, the RAD51 filament disassembly activity of FIGNL1 is directly stimulated by C1orf112. BRCA2 directly interacts with C1orf112-FIGNL1 complex and functions upstream of this complex to protect RAD51 filament from premature disassembly. C1orf112- and FIGNL1-deficient cells are primarily sensitive to DNA interstrand cross-link (ICL) agents. Thus, these findings suggest an important function of C1orf112 in RAD51 regulation in the HR step of ICL repair by FA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinxin Liang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiadong Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Weibin Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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12
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Shin U, Lee Y. Unraveling DNA Repair Processes In Vivo: Insights from Zebrafish Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13120. [PMID: 37685935 PMCID: PMC10487404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The critical role of the DNA repair system in preserving the health and survival of living organisms is widely recognized as dysfunction within this system can result in a broad range of severe conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, blood disorders, infertility, and cancer. Despite comprehensive research on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of DNA repair pathways, there remains a significant knowledge gap concerning these processes at an organismal level. The teleost zebrafish has emerged as a powerful model organism for investigating these intricate DNA repair mechanisms. Their utility arises from a combination of their well-characterized genomic information, the ability to visualize specific phenotype outcomes in distinct cells and tissues, and the availability of diverse genetic experimental approaches. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of recent advancements in our understanding of the in vivo roles of DNA repair pathways. We cover a variety of critical biological processes including neurogenesis, hematopoiesis, germ cell development, tumorigenesis, and aging, with a specific emphasis on findings obtained from the use of zebrafish as a model system. Our comprehensive review highlights the importance of zebrafish in enhancing our understanding of the functions of DNA repair systems at the organismal level and paves the way for future investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unbeom Shin
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsung Lee
- Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
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13
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Marion W, Koppe T, Chen CC, Wang D, Frenis K, Fierstein S, Sensharma P, Aumais O, Peters M, Ruiz-Torres S, Chihanga T, Boettcher S, Shimamura A, Bauer DE, Schlaeger T, Wells SI, Ebert BL, Starczynowski D, da Rocha EL, Rowe RG. RUNX1 mutations mitigate quiescence to promote transformation of hematopoietic progenitors in Fanconi anemia. Leukemia 2023; 37:1698-1708. [PMID: 37391485 PMCID: PMC11009868 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01945-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Many inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFSs) present a high risk of transformation to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). During transformation of IBMFSs, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with poor fitness gain ectopic, dysregulated self-renewal secondary to somatic mutations via undefined mechanisms. Here, in the context of the prototypical IBMFS Fanconi anemia (FA), we performed multiplexed gene editing of mutational hotspots in MDS-associated genes in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) followed by hematopoietic differentiation. We observed aberrant self-renewal and impaired differentiation of HSPCs with enrichment of RUNX1 insertions and deletions (indels), generating a model of IBMFS-associated MDS. We observed that compared to the failure state, FA MDS cells show mutant RUNX1-mediated blunting of the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint that is normally activated in FA in response to DNA damage. RUNX1 indels also lead to activation of innate immune signaling, which stabilizes the homologous recombination (HR) effector BRCA1, and this pathway can be targeted to abrogate viability and restore sensitivity to genotoxins in FA MDS. Together, these studies develop a paradigm for modeling clonal evolution in IBMFSs, provide basic understanding of the pathogenesis of MDS, and uncover a therapeutic target in FA-associated MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Marion
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tiago Koppe
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun-Chin Chen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dahai Wang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katie Frenis
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara Fierstein
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prerana Sensharma
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Aumais
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Peters
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Steffen Boettcher
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Akiko Shimamura
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel E Bauer
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Susanne I Wells
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Starczynowski
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - R Grant Rowe
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Kocere A, Lalonde RL, Mosimann C, Burger A. Lateral thinking in syndromic congenital cardiovascular disease. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm049735. [PMID: 37125615 PMCID: PMC10184679 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndromic birth defects are rare diseases that can present with seemingly pleiotropic comorbidities. Prime examples are rare congenital heart and cardiovascular anomalies that can be accompanied by forelimb defects, kidney disorders and more. Whether such multi-organ defects share a developmental link remains a key question with relevance to the diagnosis, therapeutic intervention and long-term care of affected patients. The heart, endothelial and blood lineages develop together from the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM), which also harbors the progenitor cells for limb connective tissue, kidneys, mesothelia and smooth muscle. This developmental plasticity of the LPM, which founds on multi-lineage progenitor cells and shared transcription factor expression across different descendant lineages, has the potential to explain the seemingly disparate syndromic defects in rare congenital diseases. Combining patient genome-sequencing data with model organism studies has already provided a wealth of insights into complex LPM-associated birth defects, such as heart-hand syndromes. Here, we summarize developmental and known disease-causing mechanisms in early LPM patterning, address how defects in these processes drive multi-organ comorbidities, and outline how several cardiovascular and hematopoietic birth defects with complex comorbidities may be LPM-associated diseases. We also discuss strategies to integrate patient sequencing, data-aggregating resources and model organism studies to mechanistically decode congenital defects, including potentially LPM-associated orphan diseases. Eventually, linking complex congenital phenotypes to a common LPM origin provides a framework to discover developmental mechanisms and to anticipate comorbidities in congenital diseases affecting the cardiovascular system and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Kocere
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Molecular Life Science, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert L. Lalonde
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christian Mosimann
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alexa Burger
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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15
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Tomaszowski KH, Roy S, Guerrero C, Shukla P, Keshvani C, Chen Y, Ott M, Wu X, Zhang J, DiNardo CD, Schindler D, Schlacher K. Hypomorphic Brca2 and Rad51c double mutant mice display Fanconi anemia, cancer and polygenic replication stress. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1333. [PMID: 36906610 PMCID: PMC10008622 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36933-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The prototypic cancer-predisposition disease Fanconi Anemia (FA) is identified by biallelic mutations in any one of twenty-three FANC genes. Puzzlingly, inactivation of one Fanc gene alone in mice fails to faithfully model the pleiotropic human disease without additional external stress. Here we find that FA patients frequently display FANC co-mutations. Combining exemplary homozygous hypomorphic Brca2/Fancd1 and Rad51c/Fanco mutations in mice phenocopies human FA with bone marrow failure, rapid death by cancer, cellular cancer-drug hypersensitivity and severe replication instability. These grave phenotypes contrast the unremarkable phenotypes seen in mice with single gene-function inactivation, revealing an unexpected synergism between Fanc mutations. Beyond FA, breast cancer-genome analysis confirms that polygenic FANC tumor-mutations correlate with lower survival, expanding our understanding of FANC genes beyond an epistatic FA-pathway. Collectively, the data establish a polygenic replication stress concept as a testable principle, whereby co-occurrence of a distinct second gene mutation amplifies and drives endogenous replication stress, genome instability and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Heinz Tomaszowski
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Sunetra Roy
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Carolina Guerrero
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Poojan Shukla
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Caezaan Keshvani
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Martina Ott
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Courtney D DiNardo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Detlev Schindler
- Institut fuer Humangenetik, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schlacher
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
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16
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Rodríguez A, Epperly M, Filiatrault J, Velázquez M, Yang C, McQueen K, Sambel LA, Nguyen H, Iyer DR, Juárez U, Ayala-Zambrano C, Martignetti DB, Frías S, Fisher R, Parmar K, Greenberger JS, D’Andrea AD. TGFβ pathway is required for viable gestation of Fanconi anemia embryos. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010459. [PMID: 36441774 PMCID: PMC9731498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the TGFβ pathway impairs the proliferation of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) pool in Fanconi anemia (FA). TGFβ promotes the expression of NHEJ genes, known to function in a low-fidelity DNA repair pathway, and pharmacological inhibition of TGFβ signaling rescues FA HSPCs. Here, we demonstrate that genetic disruption of Smad3, a transducer of the canonical TGFβ pathway, modifies the phenotype of FA mouse models deficient for Fancd2. We observed that the TGFβ and NHEJ pathway genes are overexpressed during the embryogenesis of Fancd2-/- mice and that the Fancd2-/-Smad3-/- double knockout (DKO) mice undergo high levels of embryonic lethality due to loss of the TGFβ-NHEJ axis. Fancd2-deficient embryos acquire extensive genomic instability during gestation which is not reversed by Smad3 inactivation. Strikingly, the few DKO survivors have activated the non-canonical TGFβ-ERK pathway, ensuring expression of NHEJ genes during embryogenesis and improved survival. Activation of the TGFβ-NHEJ axis was critical for the survival of the few Fancd2-/-Smad3-/- DKO newborn mice but had detrimental consequences for these surviving mice, such as enhanced genomic instability and ineffective hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Rodríguez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México, México
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael Epperly
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jessica Filiatrault
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Martha Velázquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Chunyu Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for DNA Damage and DNA Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kelsey McQueen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for DNA Damage and DNA Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Larissa A. Sambel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for DNA Damage and DNA Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for DNA Damage and DNA Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Divya Ramalingam Iyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ulises Juárez
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Ayala-Zambrano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, México, México
| | - David B. Martignetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sara Frías
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México, México
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Renee Fisher
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kalindi Parmar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for DNA Damage and DNA Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joel S. Greenberger
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alan D. D’Andrea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for DNA Damage and DNA Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Meek K, Yang YT, Takada M, Parys M, Richter M, Engleberg AI, Thaiwong T, Griffin RL, Schall PZ, Kramer AJ, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V. Identification of a Hypomorphic FANCG Variant in Bernese Mountain Dogs. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1693. [PMID: 36292578 PMCID: PMC9601343 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bernese mountain dogs (BMDs), have an overall cancer incidence of 50%, half of which is comprised of an otherwise rare tumor, histiocytic sarcoma (HS). While recent studies have identified driver mutations in the MAPK pathway, identification of key predisposing genes has been elusive. Studies have identified several loci to be associated with predisposition to HS in BMDs, including near the MTAP/CDKN2A region, but no causative coding variant has been identified. Here we report the presence of a coding polymorphism in the gene encoding FANCG, near the MTAP/CDKN2A locus. This variant is in a conserved region of the protein and appears to be specific to BMDs. Canine fibroblasts derived from dogs homozygous for this variant are hypersensitive to cisplatin. We show this canine FANCG variant and a previously defined hypomorphic FANCG allele in humans impart similar defects in DNA repair. However, our data also indicate that this variant is neither necessary nor sufficient for the development of HS. Furthermore, BMDs homozygous for this FANCG allele display none of the characteristic phenotypes associated with Fanconi anemia (FA) such as anemia, short stature, infertility, or an earlier age of onset for HS. This is similar to findings in FA deficient mice, which do not develop overt FA without secondary genetic mutations that exacerbate the FA deficit. In sum, our data suggest that dogs with deficits in the FA pathway are, like mice, innately resistant to the development of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katheryn Meek
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Marilia Takada
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Maciej Parys
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Marlee Richter
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Alexander I. Engleberg
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Tuddow Thaiwong
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48190, USA
| | - Rachel L. Griffin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Peter Z. Schall
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Alana J. Kramer
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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18
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Wang J, Erlacher M, Fernandez-Orth J. The role of inflammation in hematopoiesis and bone marrow failure: What can we learn from mouse models? Front Immunol 2022; 13:951937. [PMID: 36032161 PMCID: PMC9403273 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.951937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a remarkable system that plays an important role in not only immune cell function, but also in nutrient transport, hemostasis and wound healing among other functions. Under inflammatory conditions, steady-state hematopoiesis switches to emergency myelopoiesis to give rise to the effector cell types necessary to fight the acute insult. Sustained or aberrant exposure to inflammatory signals has detrimental effects on the hematopoietic system, leading to increased proliferation, DNA damage, different forms of cell death (i.e., apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis) and bone marrow microenvironment modifications. Together, all these changes can cause premature loss of hematopoiesis function. Especially in individuals with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes or immune-mediated aplastic anemia, chronic inflammatory signals may thus aggravate cytopenias and accelerate disease progression. However, the understanding of the inflammation roles in bone marrow failure remains limited. In this review, we summarize the different mechanisms found in mouse models regarding to inflammatory bone marrow failure and discuss implications for future research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Erlacher
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juncal Fernandez-Orth
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Juncal Fernandez-Orth,
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19
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Kohzaki M. Mammalian Resilience Revealed by a Comparison of Human Diseases and Mouse Models Associated With DNA Helicase Deficiencies. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:934042. [PMID: 36032672 PMCID: PMC9403131 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.934042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining genomic integrity is critical for sustaining individual animals and passing on the genome to subsequent generations. Several enzymes, such as DNA helicases and DNA polymerases, are involved in maintaining genomic integrity by unwinding and synthesizing the genome, respectively. Indeed, several human diseases that arise caused by deficiencies in these enzymes have long been known. In this review, the author presents the DNA helicases associated with human diseases discovered to date using recent analyses, including exome sequences. Since several mouse models that reflect these human diseases have been developed and reported, this study also summarizes the current knowledge regarding the outcomes of DNA helicase deficiencies in humans and mice and discusses possible mechanisms by which DNA helicases maintain genomic integrity in mammals. It also highlights specific diseases that demonstrate mammalian resilience, in which, despite the presence of genomic instability, patients and mouse models have lifespans comparable to those of the general population if they do not develop cancers; finally, this study discusses future directions for therapeutic applications in humans that can be explored using these mouse models.
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20
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Chihanga T, Vicente-Muñoz S, Ruiz-Torres S, Pal B, Sertorio M, Andreassen PR, Khoury R, Mehta P, Davies SM, Lane AN, Romick-Rosendale LE, Wells SI. Head and Neck Cancer Susceptibility and Metabolism in Fanconi Anemia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082040. [PMID: 35454946 PMCID: PMC9025423 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare inherited, generally autosomal recessive syndrome, but it displays X-linked or dominant negative inheritance for certain genes. FA is characterized by a deficiency in DNA damage repair that results in bone marrow failure, and in an increased risk for various epithelial tumors, most commonly squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC) and of the esophagus, anogenital tract and skin. Individuals with FA exhibit increased human papilloma virus (HPV) prevalence. Furthermore, a subset of anogenital squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in FA harbor HPV sequences and FA-deficient laboratory models reveal molecular crosstalk between HPV and FA proteins. However, a definitive role for HPV in HNSCC development in the FA patient population is unproven. Cellular metabolism plays an integral role in tissue homeostasis, and metabolic deregulation is a known hallmark of cancer progression that supports uncontrolled proliferation, tumor development and metastatic dissemination. The metabolic consequences of FA deficiency in keratinocytes and associated impact on the development of SCC in the FA population is poorly understood. Herein, we review the current literature on the metabolic consequences of FA deficiency and potential effects of resulting metabolic reprogramming on FA cancer phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tafadzwa Chihanga
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (T.C.); (S.R.-T.); (B.P.)
| | - Sara Vicente-Muñoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (S.V.-M.); (L.E.R.-R.)
| | - Sonya Ruiz-Torres
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (T.C.); (S.R.-T.); (B.P.)
| | - Bidisha Pal
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (T.C.); (S.R.-T.); (B.P.)
| | - Mathieu Sertorio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Paul R. Andreassen
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Ruby Khoury
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (R.K.); (P.M.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Parinda Mehta
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (R.K.); (P.M.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Stella M. Davies
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (R.K.); (P.M.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Andrew N. Lane
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Lindsey E. Romick-Rosendale
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (S.V.-M.); (L.E.R.-R.)
| | - Susanne I. Wells
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (T.C.); (S.R.-T.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-513-636-5986
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21
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Liu W, Teodorescu P, Halene S, Ghiaur G. The Coming of Age of Preclinical Models of MDS. Front Oncol 2022; 12:815037. [PMID: 35372085 PMCID: PMC8966105 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.815037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of clonal bone-marrow diseases with ineffective hematopoiesis resulting in cytopenias and morphologic dysplasia of hematopoietic cells. MDS carry a wide spectrum of genetic abnormalities, ranging from chromosomal abnormalities such as deletions/additions, to recurrent mutations affecting the spliceosome, epigenetic modifiers, or transcription factors. As opposed to AML, research in MDS has been hindered by the lack of preclinical models that faithfully replicate the complexity of the disease and capture the heterogeneity. The complex molecular landscape of the disease poses a unique challenge when creating transgenic mouse-models. In addition, primary MDS cells are difficult to manipulate ex vivo limiting in vitro studies and resulting in a paucity of cell lines and patient derived xenograft models. In recent years, progress has been made in the development of both transgenic and xenograft murine models advancing our understanding of individual contributors to MDS pathology as well as the complex primary interplay of genetic and microenvironment aberrations. We here present a comprehensive review of these transgenic and xenograft models for MDS and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center and Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Patric Teodorescu
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Stephanie Halene
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center and Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gabriel Ghiaur
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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22
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Raman R, Ramanagoudr-Bhojappa R, Dhinoja S, Ramaswami M, Carrington B, Jagadeeswaran P, Chandrasekharappa SC. Pancytopenia and thrombosis defects in zebrafish mutants of Fanconi anemia genes. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2022; 93:102640. [PMID: 34991062 PMCID: PMC8760166 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2021.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Progressive pancytopenia is a common feature observed in DNA crosslink repair deficiency disorder, Fanconi anemia (FA). However, this phenotype has not been recapitulated in single FA gene knockout animal models. In this study, we analyzed hematological characteristics in zebrafish null mutants for two FA genes, fanca and fanco. In adult mutants, we demonstrate age-associated reduction in blood cell counts for all lineages, resembling progressive pancytopenia in FA patients. In larval mutants, we demonstrate vascular injury-induced thrombosis defects, particularly upon treatment with crosslinking agent diepoxybutane (DEB), indicating DNA damage induced inefficiency of thrombocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathi Raman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ramanagouda Ramanagoudr-Bhojappa
- Cancer Genomics Unit, Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sanchi Dhinoja
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mukundhan Ramaswami
- Cancer Genomics Unit, Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Blake Carrington
- Zebrafish Core, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Pudur Jagadeeswaran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States of America.
| | - Settara C. Chandrasekharappa
- Cancer Genomics Unit, Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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23
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Vanni VS, Campo G, Cioffi R, Papaleo E, Salonia A, Viganò P, Lambertini M, Candiani M, Meirow D, Orvieto R. The neglected members of the family: non-BRCA mutations in the Fanconi anemia/BRCA pathway and reproduction. Hum Reprod Update 2022; 28:296-311. [PMID: 35043201 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmab045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BReast CAncer (BRCA) genes are extensively studied in the context of fertility and reproductive aging. BRCA proteins are part of the DNA repair Fanconi anemia (FA)/BRCA pathway, in which more than 20 proteins are implicated. According to which gene is mutated and which interactions are lost owing to the mutation, carriers and patients with monoallelic or biallelic FA/BRCA mutations exhibit very different phenotypes, from overt FA to cancer predisposition or no pathological implications. The effect of the so far neglected non-BRCA FA mutations on fertility also deserves consideration. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE As improved treatments allow a longer life expectancy in patients with biallelic FA mutations and overt FA, infertility is emerging as a predominant feature. We thus reviewed the mechanisms for such a manifestation, as well as whether they also occur in monoallelic carriers of FA non-BRCA mutations. SEARCH METHODS Electronic databases PUBMED, EMBASE and CENTRAL were searched using the following term: 'fanconi' OR 'FANC' OR 'AND' 'fertility' OR 'pregnancy' OR 'ovarian reserve' OR 'spermatogenesis' OR 'hypogonadism'. All pertinent reports in the English-language literature were retrieved until May 2021 and the reference lists were systematically searched in order to identify any potential additional studies. OUTCOMES Biallelic FA mutations causing overt FA disease are associated with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) occurring in the fourth decade in women and with primary non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) in men. Hypogonadism in FA patients seems mainly associated with a defect in primordial germ cell proliferation in fetal life. In recent small, exploratory whole-exome sequencing studies, biallelic clinically occult mutations in the FA complementation group A (Fanca) and M (Fancm) genes were found in otherwise healthy patients with isolated NOA or POI, and also monoallelic carrier status for a loss-of-function mutation in Fanca has been implicated as a possible cause for POI. In those patients with known monoallelic FA mutations undergoing pre-implantation genetic testing, poor assisted reproduction outcomes are reported. However, the mechanisms underlying the repeated failures and the high miscarriage rates observed are not fully known. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The so far 'neglected' members of the FA/BRCA family will likely emerge as a relevant focus of investigation in the genetics of reproduction. Several (rather than a single) non-BRCA genes might be implicated. State-of-the-art methods, such as whole-genome/exome sequencing, and further exploratory studies are required to understand the prevalence and mechanisms for occult FA mutations in infertility and recurrent miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Stella Vanni
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella Cioffi
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Papaleo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viganò
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Lambertini
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Dror Meirow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
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24
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Rodríguez A, Filiatrault J, Flores-Guzmán P, Mayani H, Parmar K, D'Andrea AD. Isolation of human and murine hematopoietic stem cells for DNA damage and DNA repair assays. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100846. [PMID: 34622219 PMCID: PMC8482037 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) reside in the bone marrow and supply blood cells. Efficient methods for isolation of HSPCs are required. Here, we present protocols for the isolation of human and murine HSPCs using manual and FACS-assisted techniques. Isolated HSPCs can be used for downstream applications, including colony forming unit assays and DNA damage and repair assays. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Rodríguez et al. (2021a) and (2021b). Detailed protocol for isolating human and mouse hematopoietic stem cells Procedures for plating and quantification of hematopoietic colony forming unit assay Protocol for assessing DNA damage using the comet assay in hematopoietic stem cells Protocol for assessing DNA damage using immunofluorescence in hematopoietic stem cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Rodríguez
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70228, México 04510, México
| | - Jessica Filiatrault
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Patricia Flores-Guzmán
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Héctor Mayani
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Kalindi Parmar
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alan D D'Andrea
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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25
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Edwards DM, Mitchell DK, Abdul-Sater Z, Chan KK, Sun Z, Sheth A, He Y, Jiang L, Yuan J, Sharma R, Czader M, Chin PJ, Liu Y, de Cárcer G, Nalepa G, Broxmeyer HE, Clapp DW, Sierra Potchanant EA. Mitotic Errors Promote Genomic Instability and Leukemia in a Novel Mouse Model of Fanconi Anemia. Front Oncol 2021; 11:752933. [PMID: 34804941 PMCID: PMC8602820 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.752933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a disease of genomic instability and cancer. In addition to DNA damage repair, FA pathway proteins are now known to be critical for maintaining faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis. While impaired DNA damage repair has been studied extensively in FA-associated carcinogenesis in vivo, the oncogenic contribution of mitotic abnormalities secondary to FA pathway deficiency remains incompletely understood. To examine the role of mitotic dysregulation in FA pathway deficient malignancies, we genetically exacerbated the baseline mitotic defect in Fancc-/- mice by introducing heterozygosity of the key spindle assembly checkpoint regulator Mad2. Fancc-/-;Mad2+/- mice were viable, but died from acute myeloid leukemia (AML), thus recapitulating the high risk of myeloid malignancies in FA patients better than Fancc-/-mice. We utilized hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to propagate Fancc-/-; Mad2+/- AML in irradiated healthy mice to model FANCC-deficient AMLs arising in the non-FA population. Compared to cells from Fancc-/- mice, those from Fancc-/-;Mad2+/- mice demonstrated an increase in mitotic errors but equivalent DNA cross-linker hypersensitivity, indicating that the cancer phenotype of Fancc-/-;Mad2+/- mice results from error-prone cell division and not exacerbation of the DNA damage repair defect. We found that FANCC enhances targeting of endogenous MAD2 to prometaphase kinetochores, suggesting a mechanism for how FANCC-dependent regulation of the spindle assembly checkpoint prevents chromosome mis-segregation. Whole-exome sequencing revealed similarities between human FA-associated myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)/AML and the AML that developed in Fancc-/-; Mad2+/- mice. Together, these data illuminate the role of mitotic dysregulation in FA-pathway deficient malignancies in vivo, show how FANCC adjusts the spindle assembly checkpoint rheostat by regulating MAD2 kinetochore targeting in cell cycle-dependent manner, and establish two new mouse models for preclinical studies of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M Edwards
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Dana K Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Zahi Abdul-Sater
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ka-Kui Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Zejin Sun
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Aditya Sheth
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ying He
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Li Jiang
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jin Yuan
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Richa Sharma
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Magdalena Czader
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Pei-Ju Chin
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yie Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Guillermo de Cárcer
- Cancer Biology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Grzegorz Nalepa
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - D Wade Clapp
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Sierra Potchanant
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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26
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Rieckher M, Garinis GA, Schumacher B. Molecular pathology of rare progeroid diseases. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:907-922. [PMID: 34272172 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Progeroid syndromes (PSs) are characterized by the premature onset of age-related pathologies. The genetic mutations underlying PSs are functionally linked to genome maintenance and repair, supporting the causative role of DNA damage accumulation in aging. Recent advances from studies in animal models of PSs have provided new insight into the role of DNA repair mechanisms in human disease and the physiological adaptations to accumulating DNA damage during aging. The molecular pathology of PSs is reminiscent of the natural aging process, highlighting the relevance for a wide range of age-related diseases. Recent progress has led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies against age-related diseases that are relevant to rare diseases as well as the general aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Rieckher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - George A Garinis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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27
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Large-scale generation and phenotypic characterization of zebrafish CRISPR mutants of DNA repair genes. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 107:103173. [PMID: 34390914 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A systematic knowledge of the roles of DNA repair genes at the level of the organism has been limited due to the lack of appropriate experimental approaches using animal model systems. Zebrafish has become a powerful vertebrate genetic model system with availability due to the ease of genome editing and large-scale phenotype screening. Here, we generated zebrafish mutants for 32 DNA repair and replication genes through multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis. Large-scale phenotypic characterization of our mutant collection revealed that three genes (atad5a, ddb1, pcna) are essential for proper embryonic development and hematopoiesis; seven genes (apex1, atrip, ino80, mre11a, shfm1, telo2, wrn) are required for growth and development during juvenile stage and six genes (blm, brca2, fanci, rad51, rad54l, rtel1) play critical roles in sex development. Furthermore, mutation in six genes (atad5a, brca2, polk, rad51, shfm1, xrcc1) displayed hypersensitivity to DNA damage agents. Our zebrafish mutant collection provides a unique resource for understanding of the roles of DNA repair genes at the organismal level.
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28
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Fanconi anemia proteins participate in a break-induced-replication-like pathway to counter replication stress. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2021; 28:487-500. [PMID: 34117478 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-021-00602-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a devastating hereditary disease characterized by bone marrow failure (BMF) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). As FA-deficient cells are hypersensitive to DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs), ICLs are widely assumed to be the lesions responsible for FA symptoms. Here, we show that FA-mutated cells are hypersensitive to persistent replication stress and that FA proteins play a role in the break-induced-replication (BIR)-like pathway for fork restart. Both the BIR-like pathway and ICL repair share almost identical molecular mechanisms of 53BP1-BRCA1-controlled signaling response, SLX4- and FAN1-mediated fork cleavage and POLD3-dependent DNA synthesis, suggesting that the FA pathway is intrinsically one of the BIR-like pathways. Replication stress not only triggers BMF in FA-deficient mice, but also specifically induces monosomy 7, which is associated with progression to AML in patients with FA, in FA-deficient cells.
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29
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Di Giovannantonio M, Harris BH, Zhang P, Kitchen-Smith I, Xiong L, Sahgal N, Stracquadanio G, Wallace M, Blagden S, Lord S, Harris D, Harris AHL, Buffa FM, Bond GL. Heritable genetic variants in key cancer genes link cancer risk with anthropometric traits. J Med Genet 2021; 58:392-399. [PMID: 32591342 PMCID: PMC8142426 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Height and other anthropometric measures are consistently found to associate with differential cancer risk. However, both genetic and mechanistic insights into these epidemiological associations are notably lacking. Conversely, inherited genetic variants in tumour suppressors and oncogenes increase cancer risk, but little is known about their influence on anthropometric traits. METHODS By integrating inherited and somatic cancer genetic data from the Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog, expression Quantitative Trait Loci databases and the Cancer Gene Census, we identify SNPs that associate with different cancer types and differential gene expression in at least one tissue type, and explore the potential pleiotropic associations of these SNPs with anthropometric traits through SNP-wise association in a cohort of 500,000 individuals. RESULTS We identify three regulatory SNPs for three important cancer genes, FANCA, MAP3K1 and TP53 that associate with both anthropometric traits and cancer risk. Of particular interest, we identify a previously unrecognised strong association between the rs78378222[C] SNP in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of TP53 and both increased risk for developing non-melanomatous skin cancer (OR=1.36 (95% 1.31 to 1.41), adjusted p=7.62E-63), brain malignancy (OR=3.12 (2.22 to 4.37), adjusted p=1.43E-12) and increased standing height (adjusted p=2.18E-24, beta=0.073±0.007), lean body mass (adjusted p=8.34E-37, beta=0.073±0.005) and basal metabolic rate (adjusted p=1.13E-31, beta=0.076±0.006), thus offering a novel genetic link between these anthropometric traits and cancer risk. CONCLUSION Our results clearly demonstrate that heritable variants in key cancer genes can associate with both differential cancer risk and anthropometric traits in the general population, thereby lending support for a genetic basis for linking these human phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Di Giovannantonio
- Computational Biology & Integrative Genomics Lab, Department of Oncology, Medical Science Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Ludwig Cancer Institute, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin Hl Harris
- Computational Biology & Integrative Genomics Lab, Department of Oncology, Medical Science Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ping Zhang
- Ludwig Cancer Institute, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Isaac Kitchen-Smith
- Ludwig Cancer Institute, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lingyun Xiong
- Ludwig Cancer Institute, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Natasha Sahgal
- Ludwig Cancer Institute, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Giovanni Stracquadanio
- Ludwig Cancer Institute, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marsha Wallace
- Ludwig Cancer Institute, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Blagden
- Cancer Therapeutics and mRNA Dysregulation, Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Lord
- Early Phase Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Oncology, Medical Siences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Harris
- St Anne's College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian H L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Francesca M Buffa
- Computational Biology & Integrative Genomics Lab, Department of Oncology, Medical Science Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gareth L Bond
- Ludwig Cancer Institute, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Cancer & Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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30
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Rodríguez A, Zhang K, Färkkilä A, Filiatrault J, Yang C, Velázquez M, Furutani E, Goldman DC, García de Teresa B, Garza-Mayén G, McQueen K, Sambel LA, Molina B, Torres L, González M, Vadillo E, Pelayo R, Fleming WH, Grompe M, Shimamura A, Hautaniemi S, Greenberger J, Frías S, Parmar K, D'Andrea AD. MYC Promotes Bone Marrow Stem Cell Dysfunction in Fanconi Anemia. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:33-47.e8. [PMID: 32997960 PMCID: PMC7796920 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow failure (BMF) in Fanconi anemia (FA) patients results from dysfunctional hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). To identify determinants of BMF, we performed single-cell transcriptome profiling of primary HSPCs from FA patients. In addition to overexpression of p53 and TGF-β pathway genes, we identified high levels of MYC expression. We correspondingly observed coexistence of distinct HSPC subpopulations expressing high levels of TP53 or MYC in FA bone marrow (BM). Inhibiting MYC expression with the BET bromodomain inhibitor (+)-JQ1 reduced the clonogenic potential of FA patient HSPCs but rescued physiological and genotoxic stress in HSPCs from FA mice, showing that MYC promotes proliferation while increasing DNA damage. MYC-high HSPCs showed significant downregulation of cell adhesion genes, consistent with enhanced egress of FA HSPCs from bone marrow to peripheral blood. We speculate that MYC overexpression impairs HSPC function in FA patients and contributes to exhaustion in FA bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Rodríguez
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Kaiyang Zhang
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Anniina Färkkilä
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Jessica Filiatrault
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Chunyu Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Martha Velázquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Elissa Furutani
- Dana Farber and Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Devorah C Goldman
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | | | - Gilda Garza-Mayén
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Kelsey McQueen
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Larissa A Sambel
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bertha Molina
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Leda Torres
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Marisol González
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Vadillo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla 74360, Mexico
| | - William H Fleming
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Markus Grompe
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Akiko Shimamura
- Dana Farber and Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sampsa Hautaniemi
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Joel Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sara Frías
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Kalindi Parmar
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alan D D'Andrea
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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31
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DNA polymerase ι compensates for Fanconi anemia pathway deficiency by countering DNA replication stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:33436-33445. [PMID: 33376220 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008821117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is caused by defects in cellular responses to DNA crosslinking damage and replication stress. Given the constant occurrence of endogenous DNA damage and replication fork stress, it is unclear why complete deletion of FA genes does not have a major impact on cell proliferation and germ-line FA patients are able to progress through development well into their adulthood. To identify potential cellular mechanisms that compensate for the FA deficiency, we performed dropout screens in FA mutant cells with a whole genome guide RNA library. This uncovered a comprehensive genome-wide profile of FA pathway synthetic lethality, including POLI and CDK4 As little is known of the cellular function of DNA polymerase iota (Pol ι), we focused on its role in the loss-of-function FA knockout mutants. Loss of both FA pathway function and Pol ι leads to synthetic defects in cell proliferation and cell survival, and an increase in DNA damage accumulation. Furthermore, FA-deficient cells depend on the function of Pol ι to resume replication upon replication fork stalling. Our results reveal a critical role for Pol ι in DNA repair and replication fork restart and suggest Pol ι as a target for therapeutic intervention in malignancies carrying an FA gene mutation.
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32
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García-de-Teresa B, Rodríguez A, Frias S. Chromosome Instability in Fanconi Anemia: From Breaks to Phenotypic Consequences. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1528. [PMID: 33371494 PMCID: PMC7767525 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA), a chromosomal instability syndrome, is caused by inherited pathogenic variants in any of 22 FANC genes, which cooperate in the FA/BRCA pathway. This pathway regulates the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) through homologous recombination. In FA proper repair of ICLs is impaired and accumulation of toxic DNA double strand breaks occurs. To repair this type of DNA damage, FA cells activate alternative error-prone DNA repair pathways, which may lead to the formation of gross structural chromosome aberrations of which radial figures are the hallmark of FA, and their segregation during cell division are the origin of subsequent aberrations such as translocations, dicentrics and acentric fragments. The deficiency in DNA repair has pleiotropic consequences in the phenotype of patients with FA, including developmental alterations, bone marrow failure and an extreme risk to develop cancer. The mechanisms leading to the physical abnormalities during embryonic development have not been clearly elucidated, however FA has features of premature aging with chronic inflammation mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, which results in tissue attrition, selection of malignant clones and cancer onset. Moreover, chromosomal instability and cell death are not exclusive of the somatic compartment, they also affect germinal cells, as evidenced by the infertility observed in patients with FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benilde García-de-Teresa
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Sara Frias
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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33
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K JCB, Kapoor BS, Mandal K, Ghosh S, Mokhamatam RB, Manna SK, Mukhopadhyay SS. Loss of Mitochondrial Localization of Human FANCG Causes Defective FANCJ Helicase. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:e00306-20. [PMID: 32989015 PMCID: PMC7652403 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00306-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a unique DNA damage repair pathway. To date, 22 genes have been identified that are associated with the FA pathway. A defect in any of those genes causes genomic instability, and the patients bearing the mutation become susceptible to cancer. In our earlier work, we identified that Fanconi anemia protein G (FANCG) protects the mitochondria from oxidative stress. In this report, we have identified eight patients having a mutation (C.65G>C), which converts arginine at position 22 to proline (p.Arg22Pro) in the N terminus of FANCG. The mutant protein, hFANCGR22P, is able to repair the DNA and able to retain the monoubiquitination of FANCD2 in the FANCGR22P/FGR22P cell. However, it lost mitochondrial localization and failed to protect mitochondria from oxidative stress. Mitochondrial instability in the FANCGR22P cell causes the transcriptional downregulation of mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis protein frataxin (FXN) and the resulting iron deficiency of FA protein FANCJ, an iron-sulfur-containing helicase involved in DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Chandra Bose K
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Bishwajit Singh Kapoor
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Kamal Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Shubhrima Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sunil K Manna
- Center for DNA Finger Printing and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sudit S Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
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34
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An induced pluripotent stem cell model of Fanconi anemia reveals mechanisms of p53-driven progenitor cell differentiation. Blood Adv 2020; 4:4679-4692. [PMID: 33002135 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a disorder of DNA repair that manifests as bone marrow (BM) failure. The lack of accurate murine models of FA has refocused efforts toward differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs) to hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). However, an intact FA DNA repair pathway is required for efficient IPSC derivation, hindering these efforts. To overcome this barrier, we used inducible complementation of FANCA-deficient IPSCs, which permitted robust maintenance of IPSCs. Modulation of FANCA during directed differentiation to HPCs enabled the production of FANCA-deficient human HPCs that recapitulated FA genotoxicity and hematopoietic phenotypes relative to isogenic FANCA-expressing HPCs. FANCA-deficient human HPCs underwent accelerated terminal differentiation driven by activation of p53/p21. We identified growth arrest specific 6 (GAS6) as a novel target of activated p53 in FANCA-deficient HPCs and modulate GAS6 signaling to rescue hematopoiesis in FANCA-deficient cells. This study validates our strategy to derive a sustainable, highly faithful human model of FA, uncovers a mechanism of HPC exhaustion in FA, and advances toward future cell therapy in FA.
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35
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Tsai FD, Lindsley RC. Clonal hematopoiesis in the inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. Blood 2020; 136:1615-1622. [PMID: 32736377 PMCID: PMC7530647 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFSs) are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and increased risk for developing myeloid malignancy. The pathophysiologies of different IBMFSs are variable and can relate to defects in diverse biological processes, including DNA damage repair (Fanconi anemia), telomere maintenance (dyskeratosis congenita), and ribosome biogenesis (Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome). Somatic mutations leading to clonal hematopoiesis have been described in IBMFSs, but the distinct mechanisms by which mutations drive clonal advantage in each disease and their associations with leukemia risk are not well understood. Clinical observations and laboratory models of IBMFSs suggest that the germline deficiencies establish a qualitatively impaired functional state at baseline. In this context, somatic alterations can promote clonal hematopoiesis by improving the competitive fitness of specific hematopoietic stem cell clones. Some somatic alterations relieve baseline fitness constraints by normalizing the underlying germline deficit through direct reversion or indirect compensation, whereas others do so by subverting senescence or tumor-suppressor pathways. Clones with normalizing somatic mutations may have limited transformation potential that is due to retention of functionally intact fitness-sensing and tumor-suppressor pathways, whereas those with mutations that impair cellular elimination may have increased risk for malignant transformation that is due to subversion of tumor-suppressor pathways. Because clonal hematopoiesis is not deterministic of malignant transformation, rational surveillance strategies will depend on the ability to prospectively identify specific clones with increased leukemic potential. We describe a framework by which an understanding of the processes that promote clonal hematopoiesis in IBMFSs may inform clinical surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick D Tsai
- Division of Hematologic Neoplasia, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - R Coleman Lindsley
- Division of Hematologic Neoplasia, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
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36
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Lutzmann M, Bernex F, da Costa de Jesus C, Hodroj D, Marty C, Plo I, Vainchenker W, Tosolini M, Forichon L, Bret C, Queille S, Marchive C, Hoffmann JS, Méchali M. MCM8- and MCM9 Deficiencies Cause Lifelong Increased Hematopoietic DNA Damage Driving p53-Dependent Myeloid Tumors. Cell Rep 2020; 28:2851-2865.e4. [PMID: 31509747 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is particularly sensitive to DNA damage. Myeloid tumor incidence increases in patients with DNA repair defects and after chemotherapy. It is not known why hematopoietic cells are highly vulnerable to DNA damage. Addressing this question is complicated by the paucity of mouse models of hematopoietic malignancies due to defective DNA repair. We show that DNA repair-deficient Mcm8- and Mcm9-knockout mice develop myeloid tumors, phenocopying prevalent myelodysplastic syndromes. We demonstrate that these tumors are preceded by a lifelong DNA damage burden in bone marrow and that they acquire proliferative capacity by suppressing signaling of the tumor suppressor and cell cycle controller RB, as often seen in patients. Finally, we found that absence of MCM9 and the tumor suppressor Tp53 switches tumorigenesis to lymphoid tumors without precedent myeloid malignancy. Our results demonstrate that MCM8/9 deficiency drives myeloid tumor development and establishes a DNA damage burdened mouse model for hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Lutzmann
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, CRCT, 2, Avenue Hubert Curien, 31100 Toulouse, France; Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002, CNRS-University of Montpellier, 141, Rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France.
| | - Florence Bernex
- Histological Facility RHEM, IRCM, 208 Rue des Apothicaires, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Dana Hodroj
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, CRCT, 2, Avenue Hubert Curien, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Marty
- Histological Facility RHEM, IRCM, 208 Rue des Apothicaires, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Plo
- Institut Gustave Roussy, INSERM, UMR 1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - William Vainchenker
- Institut Gustave Roussy, INSERM, UMR 1170, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Tosolini
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, CRCT, 2, Avenue Hubert Curien, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Luc Forichon
- Animal House Facility, BioCampus Montpellier, UMS3426 CNRS-US009 INSERM-UM, 141 Rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Bret
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital St Eloi, 80 Ave Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Queille
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, CRCT, 2, Avenue Hubert Curien, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Candice Marchive
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002, CNRS-University of Montpellier, 141, Rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Marcel Méchali
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS, DNA Replication and Genome Dynamics, 141, Rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France; Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002, CNRS-University of Montpellier, 141, Rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France.
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FANCD2 Confers a Malignant Phenotype in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Regulating Cell Cycle Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092545. [PMID: 32906798 PMCID: PMC7565464 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia patients with germline genetic defects in FANCD2 are highly susceptible to cancers. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly cancer. Little is known about the function of FANCD2 in ESCC. For detailed molecular and mechanistic insights on the functional role of FANCD2 in ESCC, in vivo and in vitro assays and RNA sequencing approaches were used. Utilizing Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR) technology, FANCD2 knockout models were established to examine the functional impact in mouse models for tumor growth and metastasis and in vitro assays for cell growth, cell cycle, and cellular localization. Our RNA sequence analyses were integrated with public datasets. FANCD2 confers a malignant phenotype in ESCC. FANCD2 is significantly upregulated in ESCC tumors, as compared to normal counterparts. Depletion of FANCD2 protein expression significantly suppresses the cancer cell proliferation and tumor colony formation and metastasis potential, as well as cell cycle progression, by involving cyclin-CDK and ATR/ATM signaling. FANCD2 translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm during cell cycle progression. We provide evidence of a novel role of FANCD2 in ESCC tumor progression and its potential usefulness as a biomarker for ESCC disease management.
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Rageul J, Kim H. Fanconi anemia and the underlying causes of genomic instability. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2020; 61:693-708. [PMID: 31983075 PMCID: PMC7778457 DOI: 10.1002/em.22358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder, characterized by birth defects, progressive bone marrow failure, and a predisposition to cancer. This devastating disease is caused by germline mutations in any one of the 22 known FA genes, where the gene products are primarily responsible for the resolution of DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs), a type of DNA damage generally formed by cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. However, the identity of endogenous mutagens that generate DNA ICLs remains largely elusive. In addition, whether DNA ICLs are indeed the primary cause behind FA phenotypes is still a matter of debate. Recent genetic studies suggest that naturally occurring reactive aldehydes are a primary source of DNA damage in hematopoietic stem cells, implicating that they could play a role in genome instability and FA. Emerging lines of evidence indicate that the FA pathway constitutes a general surveillance mechanism for the genome by protecting against a variety of DNA replication stresses. Therefore, understanding the DNA repair signaling that is regulated by the FA pathway, and the types of DNA lesions underlying the FA pathophysiology is crucial for the treatment of FA and FA-associated cancers. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between reactive aldehydes, bone marrow dysfunction, and FA biology in the context of signaling pathways triggered during FA-mediated DNA repair and maintenance of the genomic integrity. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2020. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rageul
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- Correspondence to: Hyungjin Kim, Ph.D., Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Basic Sciences Tower 8-125, 100 Nicolls Rd., Stony Brook, NY 11794, Phone: 631-444-3134, FAX: 631-444-3218,
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39
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Protective Mechanisms Against DNA Replication Stress in the Nervous System. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070730. [PMID: 32630049 PMCID: PMC7397197 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise replication of DNA and the successful segregation of chromosomes are essential for the faithful transmission of genetic information during the cell cycle. Alterations in the dynamics of genome replication, also referred to as DNA replication stress, may lead to DNA damage and, consequently, mutations and chromosomal rearrangements. Extensive research has revealed that DNA replication stress drives genome instability during tumorigenesis. Over decades, genetic studies of inherited syndromes have established a connection between the mutations in genes required for proper DNA repair/DNA damage responses and neurological diseases. It is becoming clear that both the prevention and the responses to replication stress are particularly important for nervous system development and function. The accurate regulation of cell proliferation is key for the expansion of progenitor pools during central nervous system (CNS) development, adult neurogenesis, and regeneration. Moreover, DNA replication stress in glial cells regulates CNS tumorigenesis and plays a role in neurodegenerative diseases such as ataxia telangiectasia (A-T). Here, we review how replication stress generation and replication stress response (RSR) contribute to the CNS development, homeostasis, and disease. Both cell-autonomous mechanisms, as well as the evidence of RSR-mediated alterations of the cellular microenvironment in the nervous system, were discussed.
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Kreutmair S, Erlacher M, Andrieux G, Istvanffy R, Mueller-Rudorf A, Zwick M, Rückert T, Pantic M, Poggio T, Shoumariyeh K, Mueller TA, Kawaguchi H, Follo M, Klingeberg C, Wlodarski M, Baumann I, Pfeifer D, Kulinski M, Rudelius M, Lemeer S, Kuster B, Dierks C, Peschel C, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Duque-Afonso J, Zeiser R, Cleary ML, Schindler D, Schmitt-Graeff A, Boerries M, Niemeyer CM, Oostendorp RA, Duyster J, Illert AL. Loss of the Fanconi anemia-associated protein NIPA causes bone marrow failure. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:2827-2844. [PMID: 32338640 PMCID: PMC7260023 DOI: 10.1172/jci126215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFSs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by defective hematopoiesis, impaired stem cell function, and cancer susceptibility. Diagnosis of IBMFS presents a major challenge due to the large variety of associated phenotypes, and novel, clinically relevant biomarkers are urgently needed. Our study identified nuclear interaction partner of ALK (NIPA) as an IBMFS gene, as it is significantly downregulated in a distinct subset of myelodysplastic syndrome-type (MDS-type) refractory cytopenia in children. Mechanistically, we showed that NIPA is major player in the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, which binds FANCD2 and regulates its nuclear abundance, making it essential for a functional DNA repair/FA/BRCA pathway. In a knockout mouse model, Nipa deficiency led to major cell-intrinsic defects, including a premature aging phenotype, with accumulation of DNA damage in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Induction of replication stress triggered a reduction in and functional decline of murine HSCs, resulting in complete bone marrow failure and death of the knockout mice with 100% penetrance. Taken together, the results of our study add NIPA to the short list of FA-associated proteins, thereby highlighting its potential as a diagnostic marker and/or possible target in diseases characterized by hematopoietic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Kreutmair
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Erlacher
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, and
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, University Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rouzanna Istvanffy
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alina Mueller-Rudorf
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melissa Zwick
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tamina Rückert
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Milena Pantic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Poggio
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Khalid Shoumariyeh
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tony A. Mueller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Kawaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cathrin Klingeberg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcin Wlodarski
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, and
| | - Irith Baumann
- Institute of Pathology, Health Center Böblingen, Böblingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michal Kulinski
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Martina Rudelius
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Lemeer
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Christine Dierks
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Peschel
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Jesus Duque-Afonso
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael L. Cleary
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Detlev Schindler
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Boerries
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, University Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte M. Niemeyer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, and
| | - Robert A.J. Oostendorp
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Illert
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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41
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BRCA1 Mutational Complementation Induces Synthetic Viability. Mol Cell 2020; 78:951-959.e6. [PMID: 32359443 PMCID: PMC7418109 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1 promotes the DNA end resection and RAD51 loading steps of homologous recombination (HR). Whether these functions can be uncoupled, and whether mutant proteins retaining partial activity can complement one another, is unclear and could affect the severity of BRCA1-associated Fanconi anemia (FA). Here we generated a Brca1CC mouse with a coiled-coil (CC) domain deletion. Brca1CC/CC mice are born at low frequencies, and post-natal mice have FA-like abnormalities, including bone marrow failure. Intercrossing with Brca1Δ11, which is homozygous lethal, generated Brca1CC/Δ11 mice at Mendelian frequencies that were indistinguishable from Brca1+/+ mice. Brca1CC and Brca1Δ11 proteins were individually responsible for counteracting 53BP1-RIF1-Shieldin activity and promoting RAD51 loading, respectively. Thus, Brca1CC and Brca1Δ11 alleles represent separation-of-function mutations that combine to provide a level of HR sufficient for normal development and hematopoiesis. Because BRCA1 activities can be genetically separated, compound heterozygosity for functional complementary mutations may protect individuals from FA.
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42
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Sobh A, Loguinov A, Stornetta A, Balbo S, Tagmount A, Zhang L, Vulpe CD. Genome-Wide CRISPR Screening Identifies the Tumor Suppressor Candidate OVCA2 As a Determinant of Tolerance to Acetaldehyde. Toxicol Sci 2020; 169:235-245. [PMID: 31059574 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaldehyde, a metabolite of ethanol, is a cellular toxicant and a human carcinogen. A genome-wide CRISPR-based loss-of-function screen in erythroleukemic K562 cells revealed candidate genetic contributors affecting acetaldehyde cytotoxicity. Secondary screening exposing cells to a lower acetaldehyde dose simultaneously validated multiple candidate genes whose loss results in increased sensitivity to acetaldehyde. Disruption of genes encoding components of various DNA repair pathways increased cellular sensitivity to acetaldehyde. Unexpectedly, the tumor suppressor gene OVCA2, whose function is unknown, was identified in our screen as a determinant of acetaldehyde tolerance. Disruption of the OVCA2 gene resulted in increased acetaldehyde sensitivity and higher accumulation of the acetaldehyde-derived DNA adduct N2-ethylidene-dG. Together these results are consistent with a role for OVCA2 in adduct removal and/or DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Sobh
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.,Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, Comparative Biochemistry Program, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Alex Loguinov
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Alessia Stornetta
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Silvia Balbo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Abderrahmane Tagmount
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Chris D Vulpe
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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43
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Liu W, Palovcak A, Li F, Zafar A, Yuan F, Zhang Y. Fanconi anemia pathway as a prospective target for cancer intervention. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:39. [PMID: 32190289 PMCID: PMC7075017 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a recessive genetic disorder caused by biallelic mutations in at least one of 22 FA genes. Beyond its pathological presentation of bone marrow failure and congenital abnormalities, FA is associated with chromosomal abnormality and genomic instability, and thus represents a genetic vulnerability for cancer predisposition. The cancer relevance of the FA pathway is further established with the pervasive occurrence of FA gene alterations in somatic cancers and observations of FA pathway activation-associated chemotherapy resistance. In this article we describe the role of the FA pathway in canonical interstrand crosslink (ICL) repair and possible contributions of FA gene alterations to cancer development. We also discuss the perspectives and potential of targeting the FA pathway for cancer intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Anna Palovcak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Alyan Zafar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Fenghua Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Yanbin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
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44
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Chen J, Li P, Song L, Bai L, Huen MSY, Liu Y, Lu LY. 53BP1 loss rescues embryonic lethality but not genomic instability of BRCA1 total knockout mice. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:2552-2567. [PMID: 32139898 PMCID: PMC7429965 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 is critical for DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by homologous recombination (HR). BRCA1 deficient mice are embryonic lethal. Previous studies have shown that 53BP1 knockout (KO) rescues embryonic lethality of BRCA1 hypomorphic mutant mice by restoring HR. Here, we show that 53BP1 KO can partially rescue embryonic lethality of BRCA1 total KO mice, but HR is not restored in BRCA1-53BP1 double knockout (DKO) mice. As a result, BRCA1-53BP1 DKO cells are extremely sensitive to PARP inhibitors (PARPi). In addition to HR deficiency, BRCA1-53BP1 DKO cells have elevated microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) activity and G2/M cell cycle checkpoint defects, causing severe genomic instability in these cells. Interestingly, BRCA1-53BP1 DKO mice rapidly develop thymic lymphoma that is 100% penetrant, which is not observed in any BRCA1 mutant mice rescued by 53BP1 KO. Taken together, our study reveals that 53BP1 KO can partially rescue embryonic lethality caused by complete BRCA1 loss without rescuing HR-related defects. This finding suggests that loss of 53BP1 can support the development of cancers with silenced BRCA1 expression without causing PARPi resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Licun Song
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long Bai
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Michael S Y Huen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yidan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lin-Yu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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45
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Nakazawa Y, Hara Y, Oka Y, Komine O, van den Heuvel D, Guo C, Daigaku Y, Isono M, He Y, Shimada M, Kato K, Jia N, Hashimoto S, Kotani Y, Miyoshi Y, Tanaka M, Sobue A, Mitsutake N, Suganami T, Masuda A, Ohno K, Nakada S, Mashimo T, Yamanaka K, Luijsterburg MS, Ogi T. Ubiquitination of DNA Damage-Stalled RNAPII Promotes Transcription-Coupled Repair. Cell 2020; 180:1228-1244.e24. [PMID: 32142649 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) is initiated by the stalling of elongating RNA polymerase II (RNAPIIo) at DNA lesions. The ubiquitination of RNAPIIo in response to DNA damage is an evolutionarily conserved event, but its function in mammals is unknown. Here, we identified a single DNA damage-induced ubiquitination site in RNAPII at RPB1-K1268, which regulates transcription recovery and DNA damage resistance. Mechanistically, RPB1-K1268 ubiquitination stimulates the association of the core-TFIIH complex with stalled RNAPIIo through a transfer mechanism that also involves UVSSA-K414 ubiquitination. We developed a strand-specific ChIP-seq method, which revealed RPB1-K1268 ubiquitination is important for repair and the resolution of transcriptional bottlenecks at DNA lesions. Finally, RPB1-K1268R knockin mice displayed a short life-span, premature aging, and neurodegeneration. Our results reveal RNAPII ubiquitination provides a two-tier protection mechanism by activating TC-NER and, in parallel, the processing of DNA damage-stalled RNAPIIo, which together prevent prolonged transcription arrest and protect against neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Nakazawa
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hara
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Oka
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Okiru Komine
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Diana van den Heuvel
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Chaowan Guo
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Daigaku
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mayu Isono
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuxi He
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mayuko Shimada
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kana Kato
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nan Jia
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Hashimoto
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuko Kotani
- Institute of Experimental Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Genome Editing Research and Development (R&D) Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuka Miyoshi
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miyako Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Immunometabolism, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Sobue
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norisato Mitsutake
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suganami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Immunometabolism, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Masuda
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakada
- Department of Bioregulation and Cellular Response, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoji Mashimo
- Institute of Experimental Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Genome Editing Research and Development (R&D) Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Division of Animal Genetics, Laboratory Animal Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Martijn S Luijsterburg
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tomoo Ogi
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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46
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Srikanthan MA, Humbert O, Haworth KG, Ironside C, Rajawat YS, Blazar BR, Palchaudhuri R, Boitano AE, Cooke MP, Scadden DT, Kiem HP. Effective Multi-lineage Engraftment in a Mouse Model of Fanconi Anemia Using Non-genotoxic Antibody-Based Conditioning. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 17:455-464. [PMID: 32226796 PMCID: PMC7096734 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Conditioning chemotherapy is used to deplete hematopoietic stem cells in the recipient’s marrow, facilitating donor cell engraftment. Although effective, a major issue with chemotherapy is the systemic genotoxicity that increases the risk for secondary malignancies. Antibody conjugates targeting hematopoietic cells are an emerging non-genotoxic method of opening the marrow niche and promoting engraftment of transplanted cells while maintaining intact marrow cellularity. Specifically, this platform would be useful in diseases associated with DNA damage or cancer predisposition, such as dyskeratosis congenita, Schwachman-Diamond syndrome, and Fanconi anemia (FA). Our approach utilizes antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) as an alternative conditioning regimen in an FA mouse model of autologous transplantation. Antibodies targeting either CD45 or CD117 were conjugated to saporin (SAP), a ribosomal toxin. FANCA knockout mice were conditioned with either CD45-SAP or CD117-SAP prior to receiving whole marrow from a heterozygous healthy donor. Bone marrow and peripheral blood analysis revealed equivalent levels of donor engraftment, with minimal toxicity in ADC-treated groups as compared with cyclophosphamide-treated controls. Our findings suggest ADCs may be an effective conditioning strategy in stem cell transplantation not only for diseases where traditional chemotherapy is not tolerated, but also more broadly for the field of blood and marrow transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera A Srikanthan
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Olivier Humbert
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kevin G Haworth
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christina Ironside
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yogendra S Rajawat
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - David T Scadden
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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47
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Dubois EL, Guitton-Sert L, Béliveau M, Parmar K, Chagraoui J, Vignard J, Pauty J, Caron MC, Coulombe Y, Buisson R, Jacquet K, Gamblin C, Gao Y, Laprise P, Lebel M, Sauvageau G, D d'Andrea A, Masson JY. A Fanci knockout mouse model reveals common and distinct functions for FANCI and FANCD2. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:7532-7547. [PMID: 31219578 PMCID: PMC6698648 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi Anemia (FA) clinical phenotypes are heterogenous and rely on a mutation in one of the 22 FANC genes (FANCA-W) involved in a common interstrand DNA crosslink-repair pathway. A critical step in the activation of FA pathway is the monoubiquitination of FANCD2 and its binding partner FANCI. To better address the clinical phenotype associated with FANCI and the epistatic relationship with FANCD2, we created the first conditional inactivation model for FANCI in mouse. Fanci −/− mice displayed typical FA features such as delayed development in utero, microphtalmia, cellular sensitivity to mitomycin C, occasional limb abnormalities and hematological deficiencies. Interestingly, the deletion of Fanci leads to a strong meiotic phenotype and severe hypogonadism. FANCI was localized in spermatocytes and spermatids and in the nucleus of oocytes. Both FANCI and FANCD2 proteins co-localized with RPA along meiotic chromosomes, albeit at different levels. Consistent with a role in meiotic recombination, FANCI interacted with RAD51 and stimulated D-loop formation, unlike FANCD2. The double knockout Fanci−/− Fancd2−/− also showed epistatic relationship for hematological defects while being not epistatic with respect to generating viable mice in crosses of double heterozygotes. Collectively, this study highlights common and distinct functions of FANCI and FANCD2 during mouse development, meiotic recombination and hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie L Dubois
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Laure Guitton-Sert
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mariline Béliveau
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Kalindi Parmar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jalila Chagraoui
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Julien Vignard
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Joris Pauty
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Caron
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yan Coulombe
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Rémi Buisson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Karine Jacquet
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Clémence Gamblin
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yuandi Gao
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patrick Laprise
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Michel Lebel
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Guy Sauvageau
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Alan D d'Andrea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jean-Yves Masson
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.,FRQS chair in genome stability
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48
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Esteban-Medina M, Peña-Chilet M, Loucera C, Dopazo J. Exploring the druggable space around the Fanconi anemia pathway using machine learning and mechanistic models. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:370. [PMID: 31266445 PMCID: PMC6604281 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-2969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of the abundance of genomic data, predictive models that describe phenotypes as a function of gene expression or mutations are difficult to obtain because they are affected by the curse of dimensionality, given the disbalance between samples and candidate genes. And this is especially dramatic in scenarios in which the availability of samples is difficult, such as the case of rare diseases. RESULTS The application of multi-output regression machine learning methodologies to predict the potential effect of external proteins over the signaling circuits that trigger Fanconi anemia related cell functionalities, inferred with a mechanistic model, allowed us to detect over 20 potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS The use of artificial intelligence methods for the prediction of potentially causal relationships between proteins of interest and cell activities related with disease-related phenotypes opens promising avenues for the systematic search of new targets in rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Esteban-Medina
- Clinical Bioinformatics Area. Fundación Progreso y Salud (FPS). CDCA, Hospital Virgen del Rocio, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María Peña-Chilet
- Clinical Bioinformatics Area. Fundación Progreso y Salud (FPS). CDCA, Hospital Virgen del Rocio, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Bioinformatics in Rare Diseases (BiER). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), FPS, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carlos Loucera
- Clinical Bioinformatics Area. Fundación Progreso y Salud (FPS). CDCA, Hospital Virgen del Rocio, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joaquín Dopazo
- Clinical Bioinformatics Area. Fundación Progreso y Salud (FPS). CDCA, Hospital Virgen del Rocio, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Bioinformatics in Rare Diseases (BiER). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), FPS, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- INB-ELIXIR-es, FPS, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, 42013 Sevilla, Spain
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49
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Yang Q, Xie H, Zhong Y, Li D, Ke X, Ying H, Yu B, Zhang T. Severe Fanconi Anemia phenotypes in Fancd2 depletion mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:713-719. [PMID: 31078270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disorder characterized by congenital malfunction, bone marrow failure and hypersensitivity to DNA damage. FANCD2 protein play the central role in FA pathway. To study the in vivo role of FANCD2, we generated and characterized a new Fancd2 knockout mouse strain with 7bp deletion in Fancd2 gene 5' terminus using Crispr-Cas9 in congenic C57BL/6J background. This Fancd2-/- mice displayed similar but overall more severe manifestation than the previous ES cell targeted Fancd2 model. These features include increased embryonic and postnatal lethality rate, higher incidence of microphthalmia, and more severe hypogonadism. The anemia we observed in this Fancd2-/- mice has not been described in other FA models. Further study indicated that the hematopoiesis deficiency was associated with increased apoptotic cell death, G2/M phase arrest and hypersensitivity to MMC and IR damage of Fancd2-/- bone marrow progenitor cells. Collectively, the resulting Fancd2-/- mice with higher resemblance of FA patient symptoms, will be useful in understand the parthenogenesis of pancytopenia and bone marrow failure in FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixinhe Zhong
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongbo Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianfu Ke
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huazhong Ying
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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50
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Wu RA, Semlow DR, Kamimae-Lanning AN, Kochenova OV, Chistol G, Hodskinson MR, Amunugama R, Sparks JL, Wang M, Deng L, Mimoso CA, Low E, Patel KJ, Walter JC. TRAIP is a master regulator of DNA interstrand crosslink repair. Nature 2019; 567:267-272. [PMID: 30842657 PMCID: PMC6417926 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cells often use multiple pathways to repair the same DNA lesion, and the choice of pathway has substantial implications for the fidelity of genome maintenance. DNA interstrand crosslinks covalently link the two strands of DNA, and thereby block replication and transcription; the cytotoxicity of these crosslinks is exploited for chemotherapy. In Xenopus egg extracts, the collision of replication forks with interstrand crosslinks initiates two distinct repair pathways. NEIL3 glycosylase can cleave the crosslink1; however, if this fails, Fanconi anaemia proteins incise the phosphodiester backbone that surrounds the interstrand crosslink, generating a double-strand-break intermediate that is repaired by homologous recombination2. It is not known how the simpler NEIL3 pathway is prioritized over the Fanconi anaemia pathway, which can cause genomic rearrangements. Here we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAIP is required for both pathways. When two replisomes converge at an interstrand crosslink, TRAIP ubiquitylates the replicative DNA helicase CMG (the complex of CDC45, MCM2-7 and GINS). Short ubiquitin chains recruit NEIL3 through direct binding, whereas longer chains are required for the unloading of CMG by the p97 ATPase, which enables the Fanconi anaemia pathway. Thus, TRAIP controls the choice between the two known pathways of replication-coupled interstrand-crosslink repair. These results, together with our other recent findings3,4 establish TRAIP as a master regulator of CMG unloading and the response of the replisome to obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Alex Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel R Semlow
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Olga V Kochenova
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gheorghe Chistol
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ravindra Amunugama
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin L Sparks
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lin Deng
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia A Mimoso
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Low
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ketan J Patel
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Johannes C Walter
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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