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Lummertz Magenis M, Souza de Marcos P, Paganini Damiani A, Ricardo Cantareli da Silva A, Martins Longaretti L, Bahia Franca I, Da Silva J, Rodrigues Boeck C, Moraes de Andrade V. Genotoxic effects of caffeine in female mice exposed during pregnancy and lactation period and their offspring. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2023; 41:36-60. [PMID: 37243358 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2023.2213613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine is a widely consumed substance, and there is a discussion about its effects when ingested by women during pregnancy and lactation. We aimed to identify the genotoxic effects of caffeine in female mice that consumed it during pregnancy and lactation periods and its consequences in their offspring. Thirty-six couples of Swiss mice received water or caffeine (0.3 and 1.0 mg/mL) treatment during pregnancy and lactation. The male and female offspring were divided into 12 groups according to the treatment administered to the female mice. Genotoxicity was assessed using the comet assay and the micronucleus test. Both doses of caffeine showed genotoxic effects in pregnant and lactating mice groups compared to groups not administered caffeine. In relation to offspring, it can be observed that females and males of the offspring had low weight in early life. In both female and male offspring, genotoxicity was detected in the blood, liver, and kidney tissues. Thus, from the present study, we can suggest that the caffeine consumed by female mice during the periods of pregnancy and lactation led to genotoxic effects in their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lummertz Magenis
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Pamela Souza de Marcos
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Adriani Paganini Damiani
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Anderson Ricardo Cantareli da Silva
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luiza Martins Longaretti
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ive Bahia Franca
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Juliana Da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- La Salle University, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carina Rodrigues Boeck
- Graduate Program in Nanosciences, Master Degree in Health and Life Science, Franciscan University, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Moraes de Andrade
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Leão TK, Ribeiro DL, Machado ART, Costa TR, Sampaio SV, Antunes LMG. Synephrine and caffeine combination promotes cytotoxicity, DNA damage and transcriptional modulation of apoptosis-related genes in human HepG2 cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2021; 868-869:503375. [PMID: 34454690 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The abusive consumption of thermogenic supplements occurs worldwide and deserves special attention due to their use to stimulate weight loss and prevent obesity. Thermogenic formulations usually contain Synephrine (SN) and Caffeine (CAF), stimulating compounds extracted from natural sources, but no genetic toxicology studies have predicted this hazardous combination potential. This study examined the toxicogenomic responses induced by SN and CAF, either alone or in combination, in the human hepatic cell line HepG2 in vitro. SN (0.03-30 μM) and CAF (0.6-600 μM) alone did neither decrease cell viability nor induce DNA damage, as assessed using the MTT and comet assays, respectively. SN (3 μM) and CAF (30-600 μM) were combined at concentrations similar to those found in commercial dietary supplements. SN/CAF at 3:90 and 3:600 μM ratios significantly decreased cell viability and increased DNA damage levels in HepG2 cells. CAF (600 μM) and the SN/CAF association at 3:60, 3:90, and 3:600 μM ratios promoted cell death by apoptosis, as demonstrated by flow cytometry. Similar results were observed in gene expression (RT-qPCR): SN/CAF up-regulated the expression of apoptosis- (BCL-2 and CASP9) and DNA repair-related (XPC) genes. SN/CAF at 3:90 μM also downregulated the expression of cell cycle control (CDKN1A) genes. In conclusion, the SN/CAF combination reduces cell viability by inducing apoptosis, damages DNA, and modulates the transcriptional expression of apoptosis-, cell cycle-, and DNA repair-related genes in human hepatic (HepG2) cells in vitro. These effects can be worrisome to consumers of thermogenic supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainá Keiller Leão
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Luís Ribeiro
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP: 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita Thomazela Machado
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tássia Rafaela Costa
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suely Vilela Sampaio
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n°, CEP: 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Jabir NR, Islam MT, Tabrez S, Shakil S, Zaidi SK, Khan FR, Araújo LDS, de Meneses AAPM, Santos JVDO, Melo-Cavalcante AADC. An insight towards anticancer potential of major coffee constituents. Biofactors 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/biof.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasimudeen R. Jabir
- King Fahd Medical Research Center; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development; Ton Duc Thang University; Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Ton Duc Thang University; Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazi Shakil
- Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Kashif Zaidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayaz Rahman Khan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Lidiane da Silva Araújo
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science; Federal University of Piauí; Teresina Brazil
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He Z, Kannan N, Nemirovsky O, Chen H, Connell M, Taylor B, Jiang J, Pilarski LM, Fleisch MC, Niederacher D, Pujana MA, Eaves CJ, Maxwell CA. BRCA1 controls the cell division axis and governs ploidy and phenotype in human mammary cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32461-32475. [PMID: 28427147 PMCID: PMC5464802 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 deficiency may perturb the differentiation hierarchy present in the normal mammary gland and is associated with the genesis of breast cancers that are genomically unstable and typically display a basal-like transcriptome. Oriented cell division is a mechanism known to regulate cell fates and to restrict tumor formation. We now show that the cell division axis is altered following shRNA-mediated BRCA1 depletion in immortalized but non-tumorigenic, or freshly isolated normal human mammary cells with graded consequences in progeny cells that include aneuploidy, perturbation of cell polarity in spheroid cultures, and a selective loss of cells with luminal features. BRCA1 depletion stabilizes HMMR abundance and disrupts cortical asymmetry of NUMA-dynein complexes in dividing cells such that polarity cues provided by cell-matrix adhesions were not able to orient division. We also show that immortalized mammary cells carrying a mutant BRCA1 allele (BRCA1 185delAG/+) reproduce many of these effects but in this model, oriented divisions were maintained through cues provided by CDH1+ cell-cell junctions. These findings reveal a previously unknown effect of BRCA1 suppression on mechanisms that regulate the cell division axis in proliferating, non-transformed human mammary epithelial cells and consequent downstream effects on the mitotic integrity and phenotype control of their progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengcheng He
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Oksana Nemirovsky
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marisa Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian Taylor
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jihong Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Linda M Pilarski
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Markus C Fleisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Landesfrauenklinik, HELIOS University Medical Center, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miguel Angel Pujana
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Unit, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCure), Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Connie J Eaves
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher A Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Silano V, Bolognesi C, Castle L, Cravedi JP, Engel KH, Fowler P, Franz R, Grob K, Gürtler R, Husøy T, Kärenlampi S, Milana MR, Penninks A, Tavares Poças MDF, Smith A, Tlustos C, Wölfle D, Zorn H, Zugravu CA, Beckman Sundh U, Brimer L, Mosesso P, Mulder G, Anastassiadou M, Arcella D, Carfí M, Valtueña Martinez S, Mennes W. Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 49, Revision 1 (FGE.49Rev1): xanthine alkaloids from the priority list. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04729. [PMID: 32625452 PMCID: PMC7009880 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (CEF) was requested to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety assessment of the flavouring substances caffeine [FL-no: 16.016] and theobromine [FL-no: 16.032] in the Flavouring Group Evaluation 49, Revision 1. Consequent to the 2015 scientific opinion from the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) on the safety of caffeine from all dietary sources, the CEF Panel considered it inappropriate to evaluate the two substances through the Procedure. For caffeine, the Panel based its assessment on the safety threshold of 5.7 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for adults, except pregnant/lactating women, and 3 mg/kg bw per day for children, adolescents, pregnant and lactating women, as established by the NDA Panel. The safety evaluation of theobromine takes into account that approximately 11% of an oral dose of caffeine is metabolised to theobromine and that both substances have a similar pharmacological profile. For the exposure assessment, a brand loyalty model was chosen. In this model, it was assumed that a consumer is exposed on a long-term basis to a specific category of food (i.e. non-alcoholic beverages), containing caffeine or theobromine at their respective maximum use levels. For the rest of the categories, normal use levels applied. Daily dietary exposure to caffeine and theobromine (excluding systemic exposure) added as a chemically defined flavouring substance ranged 0-2.3 and 0-0.4 mg/kg bw, respectively, across all population groups. The Panel concluded that caffeine [FL-no: 16.016] and theobromine [FL-no: 16.032] would not be expected to present safety concern based on their estimated levels of intake from their use as flavouring substances.
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Karachristou I, Karakosta M, Pantelias A, Hatzi V, Pantelias G, Thanassoulas A, Karaiskos P, Dimitriou P, Terzoudi GI. Biodosimetry for High-Dose Exposures Based on Dicentric Analysis in Lymphocytes Released from the G2-Block by Caffeine. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2016; 172:230-237. [PMID: 27344061 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High-dose assessments using the conventional dicentric assay are essentially restricted to doses up to 5 Gy and only to lymphocytes that succeed to proceed to first post-exposure mitosis. Since G2-checkpoint activation facilitates DNA damage recognition and arrest of damaged cells, caffeine is used to release G2-blocked lymphocytes overcoming the mitotic index and dicentric yield saturation problems, enabling thus dicentric analysis even at high-dose exposures. Using the fluorescence in situ hybridization technique with telomere and centromere peptide nucleic acid probes, the released lymphocytes, identified as metaphases with decondensed chromosomes following 1.5 h caffeine treatment, show increased yield of dicentrics compared to that obtained in lymphocytes that reach metaphase without G2-checkpoint abrogation by caffeine. Here, a 3-h caffeine/colcemid co-treatment before harvesting at 55 h post-exposure is used so that the dicentric analysis using Giemsa staining is based predominantly on lymphocytes released from the G2-block, increasing thus dicentric yield and enabling construction of a dose-response calibration curve with improved precision of high-dose estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Karachristou
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Karakosta
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Antonio Pantelias
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Hatzi
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Gabriel Pantelias
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Angelos Thanassoulas
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | - Pantelis Karaiskos
- Medical Physics Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Dimitriou
- Medical Physics Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia I Terzoudi
- Laboratory of Health Physics, Radiobiology & Cytogenetics, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
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