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Fang Z, Lv Y, Zhang H, He Y, Gao H, Chen C, Wang D, Chen P, Tang S, Li J, Qiu Z, Shi X, Chen L, Yang J, Chen X. A multifunctional hydrogel loaded with two nanoagents improves the pathological microenvironment associated with radiation combined with skin wounds. Acta Biomater 2023; 159:111-127. [PMID: 36736645 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Persistent oxidative stress and recurring waves of inflammation with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radical accumulation could be generated by radiation. Exposure to radiation in combination with physical injuries such as wound trauma would produce a more harmful set of medical complications, which was known as radiation combined with skin wounds (RCSWs). However, little attention has been given to RCSW research despite the unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In this study, a dual-nanoagent-loaded multifunctional hydrogel was fabricated to ameliorate the pathological microenvironment associated with RCSWs. The injectable, adhesive, and self-healing hydrogel was prepared by crosslinking carbohydrazide-modified gelatin (Gel-CDH) and oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA) through the Schiff-base reaction under mild condition. Polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs) and mesenchymal stem cell-secreted small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEV) were loaded to relieve radiation-produced tissue inflammation and oxidation impairment and enhance cell vitality and angiogenesis individually or jointly. The proposed PDA-NPs@MSC-sEV hydrogel enhanced cell vitality, as shown by cell proliferation, migration, colony formation, and cell cycle and apoptosis assays in vitro, and promoted reepithelization by attenuating microenvironment pathology in vivo. Notably, a gene set enrichment analysis of proteomic data revealed significant enrichment with adipogenic and hypoxic pathways, which play prominent roles in wound repair. Specifically, target genes were predicted based on differential transcription factor expression. The results suggested that MSC-sEV- and PDA-NP-loaded multifunctional hydrogels may be promising nanotherapies for RCSWs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The small extracellular vesicle (sEV) has distinct advantages compared with MSCs, and polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs), known as the biological materials with good cell affinity and histocompatibility which have been reported to scavenge ROS free radicals. In this study, an adhesive, injectable, self-healing, antibacterial, ROS scavenging and amelioration of the radiation related microenvironment hydrogel encapsulating nanoscale particles of MSC-sEV and PDA-NPs (PDA-NPs@MSC-sEV hydrogel) was synthesized for promoting radiation combined with skin wounds (RCSWs). GSEA analysis profiled by proteomics data revealed significant enrichments in the regulations of adipogenic and hypoxic pathways with this multi-functional hydrogel. This is the first report of combining this two promising nanoscale agents for the special skin wounds associated with radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yicheng Lv
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Haoruo Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yuxiang He
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Hangqi Gao
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Caixiang Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Dezhi Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Penghong Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Shijie Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Stem Cell Research Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Junjing Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Breast Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Zhihuang Qiu
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xian'ai Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Liangwan Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Jianmin Yang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, 350001, China.
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Thirunavukkarasu C, Sharma Y, Tchaikovskaya T, Maslov AY, Gupta S. Transcriptional profiling reveals ataxia telangiectasia mutated pathways regulate joint copper and arsenic toxicity for hepatic metalloplasia and anti-cancer therapies. Life Sci 2022; 305:120787. [PMID: 35809665 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Exposures to toxic metals, including arsenic (As), pose health risks but joint effects of physiologically needed metals, e.g., copper (Cu), are ill-defined for regulated metal-dependent cell proliferation (or metalloplasia). This study elucidated hepatic toxicities of As and Cu. MAIN METHODS Human HuH-7 cells were exposed to As and Cu and mRNA profiling obtained for molecular networks, regulators and signaling pathways. This followed biological testing of ATM signaling-related DNA damage response, mitochondrial dysfunction and lysosome activity using HuH-7 cells and primary hepatocytes. Free Cu ions were bound to 3-indole propionic acid for finding their contribution in toxicity. KEY FINDINGS The As or As plus Cu toxicities in HuH-7 cells produced dimorphic down- or up-regulation patterns in mRNA profiles. Significant differences extended for ontologies in protein synthesis, intermediary metabolism, mitochondrial function, autophagy, or cell survival and growth. Bioassays revealed ATM signaling regulated As and Cu toxicity for oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial membrane potential, lysosomal activity, DNA damage response, and cell growth-arrest. Removal of reactive Cu ions decreased As and Cu toxicity. Primary hepatocytes withstood Cu and As toxicity better. SIGNIFICANCE This joint As and Cu toxicity offers further mechanisms for metalloplasia, carcinogenesis and tissue damage in other settings, e.g., during excess Cu accumulation in Wilson disease. Moreover, joint As and Cu toxicities are relevant for anti-cancer therapies, potentially including manipulations to increase intracellular Cu through altered uptake or efflux processes and incorporating ATM-related checkpoint inhibitors. Superior tolerance of healthy hepatocytes to Cu and As toxicity should improve safety margins for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnasamy Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | - Yogeshwar Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Tatyana Tchaikovskaya
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Alexander Y Maslov
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Laboratory of Applied Genomic Technologies, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India; Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Diabetes Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Identification of Novel Regulators of Radiosensitivity Using High-Throughput Genetic Screening. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158774. [PMID: 35955908 PMCID: PMC9369104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological impact of ionizing radiation (IR) on humans depends not only on the physical properties and absorbed dose of radiation but also on the unique susceptibility of the exposed individual. A critical target of IR is DNA, and the DNA damage response is a safeguard mechanism for maintaining genomic integrity in response to the induced cellular stress. Unrepaired DNA lesions lead to various mutations, contributing to adverse health effects. Cellular sensitivity to IR is highly correlated with the ability of cells to repair DNA lesions, in particular coding sequences of genes that affect that process and of others that contribute to preserving genomic integrity. However, accurate profiling of the molecular events underlying individual sensitivity requires techniques with sensitive readouts. Here we summarize recent studies that have used whole-genome analysis and identified genes that impact individual radiosensitivity. Whereas microarray and RNA-seq provide a snapshot of the transcriptome, RNA interference (RNAi) and CRISPR-Cas9 techniques are powerful tools that enable modulation of gene expression and characterizing the function of specific genes involved in radiosensitivity or radioresistance. Notably, CRISPR-Cas9 has altered the landscape of genome-editing technology with its increased readiness, precision, and sensitivity. Identifying critical regulators of cellular radiosensitivity would help tailor regimens that enhance the efficacy of therapeutic treatments and fast-track prediction of clinical outcomes. It would also contribute to occupational protection based on average individual sensitivity, as well as the formulation of countermeasures to the harmful effects of radiation.
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Кurinnyi D, Rushkovsky S, Demchenko O, Romanenko M, Liashchenko T, Pilinska M. MODIFICATION OF THE TUMOR/INDUCED BYSTANDER EFFECT BY IRRADIATION UNDER COCULTIVATION OF LYMPHOCYTES FROM PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA AND LYMPHOCYTES FROM HEALTHY DONORS. PROBLEMY RADIATSIINOI MEDYTSYNY TA RADIOBIOLOHII 2021; 26:248-259. [PMID: 34965552 DOI: 10.33145/2304-8336-2021-26-248-259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Study the tumor-induced bystander effect of blood cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)patients on non-transformed bystander cells (peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of conditionally healthy individ-uals) and the possibility of its modification after the impact of ionizing radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out cocultivation and separate cultivation of blood samples from conditionallyhealthy volunteers and patients with CLL according to our technique. Using the Comet assay, the relative level ofDNA damage was evaluated. RESULTS A statistically significant increase (р < 0.001) in the level of DNA damage in PBL culture of conditionallyhealthy individuals after co-cultivation with malignant cells of CLL patients was observed. After irradiation, a drop in the level of cells with a high degree of DNA damage was noted, which was connected with an increase in the frequency of cells that were delayed in division at the S stage of the cell cycle. An increase in apoptotic activity in cultures of bystander cells was observed in all variants of the experiment (р < 0.001). CONCLUSION The influence of irradiated blood cells of patients with CLL results in an enhancement of the tumor-induced bystander effect manifestation in the PBL of conditionally healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Кurinnyi
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - S Rushkovsky
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - O Demchenko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - M Romanenko
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - T Liashchenko
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - M Pilinska
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
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Viswanathan P, Sharma Y, Maisuradze L, Tchaikovskaya T, Gupta S. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated pathway disruption affects hepatic DNA and tissue damage in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 113:104369. [PMID: 31917286 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the rising burdens of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, mechanistic linkages in mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and hepatic injury are critical. As ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene oversees DNA integrity and mitochondrial homeostasis, we analyzed mRNAs and total proteins or phosphoproteins related to ATM gene by arrays in subjects with healthy liver, fatty liver or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Functional genomics approaches were used to query DNA damage or cell growth events. The effects of fatty acid-induced toxicity in mitochondrial health, DNA integrity and cell proliferation were validated in HuH-7 cells, including by inhibiting ATM kinase activity or knckdown of its mRNA. In fatty livers, DNA damage and ATM pathway activation was observed. During induced steatosis in HuH-7 cells, lowering of ATM activity produced mitochondrial dysregulation, DNA damage and cell growth inhibition. In livers undergoing steatohepatitis, ATM was depleted with increased hepatic DNA damage and growth-arrest due to cell cycle checkpoint activations. Moreover, molecular signatures of oncogenesis were associated with upstream mechanistic networks directing cell metabolism, inflammation or growth that were either activated (in fatty liver) or inactivated (in steatohepatitis). To compensate for hepatic growth arrest, preoncogenic oval cell populations expressing connexin-43 and/or albumin emerged. These oval cells avoided DNA damage and proliferated actively. We concluded that ATM is a major contributor to the onset and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, specific markers for ATM pathway dysregulation will allow prospective segregation of cohorts for disease susceptibility and progression from steatosis to steatohepatitis. This will offer superior design and evaluation parameters for clinical trials. Restoration of ATM activity with targeted therapies should be appropriate for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Viswanathan
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Yogeshwar Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Luka Maisuradze
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Tatyana Tchaikovskaya
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Diabetes Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Irwin S. and Sylvia Chanin Institute for Cancer Research, and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
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Kanagaraj K, Rajan V, Pandey BN, Thayalan K, Venkatachalam P. Primary and secondary bystander effect and genomic instability in cells exposed to high and low linear energy transfer radiations. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1648-1658. [PMID: 31486717 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1665208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Non-Targeted effects (NTE), such as bystander effect (BE) and genomic instability (GI) challenge central dogma of radiation biology. Moreover, there is a need to understand its universality in different type of cells and radiation quality.Materials and method: To study BE (primary and secondary) and GI Human adult dermal fibroblast (HADF) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were exposed to low fluence of 241Am alpha (α) particle and 6 MV X-ray. The BE was carried out by means of co-culture methodology after exposing the cells to both types of radiation and damage was measured using micronucleus assay (MN) and chromosomal aberration assay (CA) in the p1 cells while the GI was followed up in their progeny.Results: A dose-dependent increase in DNA damages (MN and CA) was observed in directly irradiated and bystander cells. The magnitude of BE was higher (6 fold) in cells co-cultured with the α-irradiated cells than that of with X-irradiated cells. Cross exposure of both cell types confirms that radiation induced BE is cell type dependent. In addition, induced DNA damage persisted for a longer population doubling in α-particle irradiated cells.Conclusion: This work adds evidence to secondary bystander response generated from primary bystander normal cells and its dependence to radiation quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kanagaraj
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, India
| | - V Rajan
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Badri N Pandey
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - K Thayalan
- Department of Radiation oncology, Kamakshi Memorial Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - P Venkatachalam
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, India
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A Novel Radiotherapy Approach for Keloids with Intrabeam. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4693528. [PMID: 31428636 PMCID: PMC6679878 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4693528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Keloids are hard nodules or plaques formed by excessive proliferation of connective tissue. Radiotherapy, widely used in various benign and malignant skin diseases, is an effective treatment for keloids. This work evaluates Intrabeam photon radiotherapy in the management of keloids. Methods Fourteen patients who have undergone Intrabeam radiotherapy for a total of 15 sites of keloids were followed up. Twelve cases were first onset and the other two had recurrent diseases. Thirteen patients underwent surgical resection of keloids before radiotherapy. One relapsing patient received only 2 rounds of radiation therapy as she could not be reoperated. Radiotherapy was divided into 2 sessions on days 0 and 3 after surgery. The dose was 4 or 5 Gy each time for 3 min 14 s to 12 min 1 s. In addition, we compared our data to the recurrence of keloids in fourteen patients who had previously been exposed to electron beam using conventional accelerators. Results We analyzed the treatment for adverse reactions and recurrence. In the Intrabeam group, one patient developed superficial skin ulcers a month after treatment. No one experienced wound rupture, bleeding, infection, skin contractures, or obvious hyperpigmentation. None of the fourteen cases showed any recurrence so far after on median 22.5 months of follow-up. Five patients in the electron beam group relapsed 3 to 10 months after treatment. Conclusion Here, Intrabeam photon radiotherapy was shown to be an effective treatment for keloid scars and it is therefore recommended for management of this disease.
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Visweswaran S, Joseph S, S VH, O A, Jose M, Perumal V. DNA damage and gene expression changes in patients exposed to low-dose X-radiation during neuro-interventional radiology procedures. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 844:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Novel treatment planning approaches to enhance the therapeutic ratio: targeting the molecular mechanisms of radiation therapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:447-456. [PMID: 31254253 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiation acts not only through cell death but has also angiogenic, immunomodulatory and bystander effects. The realization of its systemic implications has led to extensive research on the combination of radiotherapy with systemic treatments, including immunotherapy and antiangiogenic agents. Parameters such as dose, fractionation and sequencing of treatments are key determinants of the outcome. However, recent high-quality research indicates that these are not the only radiation therapy parameters that influence its systemic effect. To effectively integrate systemic agents with radiation therapy, these new aspects of radiation therapy planning will have to be taken into consideration in future clinical trials. Our aim is to review these new treatment planning parameters that can influence the balance between contradicting effects of radiation therapy so as to enhance the therapeutic ratio.
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Karthik K, Rajan V, Pandey BN, Sivasubramanian K, Paul SF, Venkatachalam P. Direct and bystander effects in human blood lymphocytes exposed to 241Am alpha particles and the relative biological effectiveness using chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assay. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:725-736. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1589018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Karthik
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Vasumathy Rajan
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Badri N. Pandey
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - K. Sivasubramanian
- Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India
| | - Solomon F.D. Paul
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - P. Venkatachalam
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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