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Lucca C, Ferrari E, Shubassi G, Ajazi A, Choudhary R, Bruhn C, Matafora V, Bachi A, Foiani M. Sch9 S6K controls DNA repair and DNA damage response efficiency in aging cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114281. [PMID: 38805395 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Survival from UV-induced DNA lesions relies on nucleotide excision repair (NER) and the Mec1ATR DNA damage response (DDR). We study DDR and NER in aging cells and find that old cells struggle to repair DNA and activate Mec1ATR. We employ pharmacological and genetic approaches to rescue DDR and NER during aging. Conditions activating Snf1AMPK rescue DDR functionality, but not NER, while inhibition of the TORC1-Sch9S6K axis restores NER and enhances DDR by tuning PP2A activity, specifically in aging cells. Age-related repair deficiency depends on Snf1AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of Sch9S6K on Ser160 and Ser163. PP2A activity in old cells is detrimental for DDR and influences NER by modulating Snf1AMPK and Sch9S6K. Hence, the DDR and repair pathways in aging cells are influenced by the metabolic tuning of opposing AMPK and TORC1 networks and by PP2A activity. Specific Sch9S6K phospho-isoforms control DDR and NER efficiency, specifically during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lucca
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Ferrari
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy.
| | - Ghadeer Shubassi
- AtomVie Global Radiopharma Inc., 1280 Main Street W NRB-A316, Hamilton, ON L8S-4K1, Canada
| | - Arta Ajazi
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Ramveer Choudhary
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Christopher Bruhn
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Vittoria Matafora
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Bachi
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy; Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, Pavia, Italy.
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Hoenig MC, Drzezga A. Clear-headed into old age: Resilience and resistance against brain aging-A PET imaging perspective. J Neurochem 2023; 164:325-345. [PMID: 35226362 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With the advances in modern medicine and the adaptation towards healthier lifestyles, the average life expectancy has doubled since the 1930s, with individuals born in the millennium years now carrying an estimated life expectancy of around 100 years. And even though many individuals around the globe manage to age successfully, the prevalence of aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases such as sporadic Alzheimer's disease has never been as high as nowadays. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is anticipated to triple by 2050, increasing the societal and economic burden tremendously. Despite all efforts, there is still no available treatment defeating the accelerated aging process as seen in this disease. Yet, given the advances in neuroimaging techniques that are discussed in the current Review article, such as in positron emission tomography (PET) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pivotal insights into the heterogenous effects of aging-associated processes and the contribution of distinct lifestyle and risk factors already have and are still being gathered. In particular, the concepts of resilience (i.e. coping with brain pathology) and resistance (i.e. avoiding brain pathology) have more recently been discussed as they relate to mechanisms that are associated with the prolongation and/or even stop of the progressive brain aging process. Better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of resilience and resistance may one day, hopefully, support the identification of defeating mechanism against accelerating aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merle C Hoenig
- Research Center Juelich, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine II, Molecular Organization of the Brain, Juelich, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- Research Center Juelich, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine II, Molecular Organization of the Brain, Juelich, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn/Cologne, Germany
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Carbonell B, Álvarez J, Santa-González GA, Delgado JP. COMET Assay for Detection of DNA Damage During Axolotl Tail Regeneration. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2562:183-194. [PMID: 36272076 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2659-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to evaluate DNA damage during axolotl tail regeneration using an alkaline comet assay. Our method details the isolation of cells from regenerating and non-regenerating tissues and the isolation of peripheral blood for single-cell gel electrophoresis. Also, we detail each of the steps for the development of the comet assay technique which includes mounting the isolated cells on an agarose matrix, alkaline electrophoresis, and DNA damage detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belfran Carbonell
- Grupo Genética Regeneración y Cáncer, Institute of Biology, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
- Department of Integrated Basic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Jennifer Álvarez
- Grupo Genética Regeneración y Cáncer, Institute of Biology, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Gloria A Santa-González
- Grupo Genética Regeneración y Cáncer, Institute of Biology, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
- Biomedical Innovation and Research Group, Faculty of Applied and Exact Sciences, Instituto Tecnologico Metropolitano, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Jean Paul Delgado
- Grupo Genética Regeneración y Cáncer, Institute of Biology, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.
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Liu Q, Song S, Song L, Bi Y, Zhu K, Qiao X, Wang H, Gao C, Cai H, Ji G. Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate aging in vitro and in vivo. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1092. [PMID: 36388801 PMCID: PMC9652517 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is a natural and multi-factorial phenomenon associated with multiple human pathologies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise in clinical fields of medicine including tissue repair, cardiovascular disease, and brain ischemic injury. The purpose of this study was to explore the roles of MSCs in improving the condition of aging cells, repairing aging tissues and organs, and extending the life span of elderly mice. METHODS This study was carried out both in vitro and in vivo. We used MSCs to intervene with IMR-90 senescent cells induced by D-galactose and aged C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS After 48 hours of co-culturing the aged cells with MSCs, the up-regulated expression of inflammatory factor, interleukin 6 (IL6), and the down-regulated expression of several growth factors, such as transforming growth factor (TGFβ1) and growth differentiation factor (GDF11), in D-galactose induced senescent cells were reversed. Moreover, compared with aged cells, the number of mitochondria and the telomere length were increased with MSC treatment. Similarly, in aged mice, the symptoms related to aging were improved after MSC treatment: the mouse hair became shiny and dense, and the symptoms of bladder overactivity were relieved. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining showed that the histopathological changes in skin, bladder, liver, and lung were apparently improved. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with MSCs effectively improves aging-related phenotypes and plays a beneficial role in improving aging and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Liu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaole Song
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Youkun Bi
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keqi Zhu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlong Qiao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiwen Wang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Guangju Ji
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Franzke B, Bileck A, Unterberger S, Aschauer R, Zöhrer PA, Draxler A, Strasser EM, Wessner B, Gerner C, Wagner KH. The plasma proteome is favorably modified by a high protein diet but not by additional resistance training in older adults: A 17-week randomized controlled trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:925450. [PMID: 35990326 PMCID: PMC9389340 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.925450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe age-related loss of muscle mass significantly contributes to the development of chronic diseases, loss of mobility and dependency on others, yet could be improved by an optimized lifestyle.ObjectiveThe goal of this randomized controlled trial was to compare the influence of a habitual diet (CON) with either a diet containing the recommended protein intake (RP) or a high protein intake (HP), both with and without strength training, on the plasma proteome in older adults.MethodsOne hundred and thirty-six women and men (65–85 years) were randomly assigned to three intervention groups. CON continued their habitual diet; participants of the HP and RP group consumed either high protein or standard foods. After 6 weeks of dietary intervention, HP and RP groups additionally started a strength training intervention twice per week for 8 weeks. Twenty-four hours dietary recalls were performed every 7–10 days. Body composition was assessed and blood taken. Plasma proteomics were assessed with LC-MS.ResultsParticipants of the HP group doubled their baseline protein intake from 0.80 ± 0.31 to 1.63 ± 0.36 g/kg BW/d; RP increased protein intake from 0.89 ± 0.28 to 1.06 ± 0.26 g/kg BW/d. The CON group kept the protein intake stable throughout the study. Combined exercise and HP initiated notable changes, resulting in a reduction in bodyfat and increased muscle mass. Proteomics analyses revealed 14 significantly affected proteins by HP diet, regulating innate immune system, lipid transport and blood coagulation, yet the additional strength training did not elicit further changes.ConclusionsCombined HP and resistance exercise in healthy older adults seem to induce favorable changes in the body composition. Changes in the plasma proteome due to the high protein diet point to a beneficial impact for the innate immune system, lipid transport and blood coagulation system, all of which are involved in chronic disease development.Clinical trial registrationThe study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04023513).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Franzke
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Bernhard Franzke
| | - Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Unterberger
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Aschauer
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick A. Zöhrer
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Agnes Draxler
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Strasser
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Remobilization and Functional Health/Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaiser Franz Joseph Hospital, Social Medical Center South, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Antiaging Effects of Dietary Polysaccharides: Advance and Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4362479. [PMID: 35864870 PMCID: PMC9296321 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4362479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a process in which the various physiological functions of the body gradually deteriorate and eventually lead to death. During this process, the body’s resistance to external stresses gradually decreases and the aging-related diseases gradually are increased. Polysaccharides are a group of active substances extracted from living organisms and are widely found in plants, animals, and microorganisms. In the last decade, a variety of natural polysaccharides from functional and medicinal foods have attracted considerable interest for their beneficial effects in the prevention of chronic diseases such as cancers, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Interestingly, these polysaccharides have also been found to delay aging by reducing oxidative damage, inhibiting telomere shortening, and being anti-inflammatory in different animal models of aging. These reviews summarized the progresses in effects of polysaccharides on antiaging and the potential mechanisms and especially focused on the signaling pathways involved in the antiaging functions. Finally, the applications and prospects of the antiaging effects of polysaccharides are discussed.
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Remigante A, Spinelli S, Trichilo V, Loddo S, Sarikas A, Pusch M, Dossena S, Marino A, Morabito R. d-Galactose induced early aging in human erythrocytes: Role of band 3 protein. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1586-1596. [PMID: 34783011 PMCID: PMC9299479 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging, a time‐dependent multifaceted process, affects both cell structure and function and involves oxidative stress as well as glycation. The present investigation focuses on the role of the band 3 protein (B3p), an anion exchanger essential to red cells homeostasis, in a d‐galactose (
d‐Gal)‐induced aging model. Anion exchange capability, measured by the rate constant of SO₄²− uptake through B3p, levels of lipid peroxidation, oxidation of membrane sulfhydryl groups, B3p expression, methemoglobin, glycated hemoglobin (Hb), and the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio were determined after exposure of human erythrocytes to 25, 35, 50, and 100 mmol/L d‐Gal for 24 h. Our results show that: (i) in vitro application of d‐Gal is useful to model early aging in human erythrocytes; (ii) assessment of B3p ion transport function is a sensitive tool to monitor aging development; (iii) d‐Gal leads to Hb glycation and produces substantial changes on the endogenous antioxidant system; (iv) the impact of aging on B3p function proceeds through steps, first involving Hb glycation and then oxidative events at the membrane level. These findings offer a useful tool to understand the mechanisms of aging in human erythrocytes and propose B3p as a possible target for new therapeutic strategies to counteract age‐related disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Remigante
- Biophysics Institute, National Research Council, Genova, Italy.,Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sara Spinelli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Trichilo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, AOU Policlinico Universitario, Messina, Italy
| | - Saverio Loddo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, AOU Policlinico Universitario, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Sarikas
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Pusch
- Biophysics Institute, National Research Council, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Dossena
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Angela Marino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rossana Morabito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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de Prado-Bert P, Ruiz-Arenas C, Vives-Usano M, Andrusaityte S, Cadiou S, Carracedo Á, Casas M, Chatzi L, Dadvand P, González JR, Grazuleviciene R, Gutzkow KB, Haug LS, Hernandez-Ferrer C, Keun HC, Lepeule J, Maitre L, McEachan R, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Pelegrí D, Robinson O, Slama R, Vafeiadi M, Sunyer J, Vrijheid M, Bustamante M. The early-life exposome and epigenetic age acceleration in children. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106683. [PMID: 34144479 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The early-life exposome influences future health and accelerated biological aging has been proposed as one of the underlying biological mechanisms. We investigated the association between more than 100 exposures assessed during pregnancy and in childhood (including indoor and outdoor air pollutants, built environment, green environments, tobacco smoking, lifestyle exposures, and biomarkers of chemical pollutants), and epigenetic age acceleration in 1,173 children aged 7 years old from the Human Early-Life Exposome project. Age acceleration was calculated based on Horvath's Skin and Blood clock using child blood DNA methylation measured by Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. We performed an exposure-wide association study between prenatal and childhood exposome and age acceleration. Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy was nominally associated with increased age acceleration. For childhood exposures, indoor particulate matter absorbance (PMabs) and parental smoking were nominally associated with an increase in age acceleration. Exposure to the organic pesticide dimethyl dithiophosphate and the persistent pollutant polychlorinated biphenyl-138 (inversely associated with child body mass index) were protective for age acceleration. None of the associations remained significant after multiple-testing correction. Pregnancy and childhood exposure to tobacco smoke and childhood exposure to indoor PMabs may accelerate epigenetic aging from an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula de Prado-Bert
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Arenas
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Vives-Usano
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaicio Street 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Solène Cadiou
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, IAB, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), SERGAS, Rúa Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) y Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN-PRB3-ISCIII), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Praza do Obradoiro s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan R González
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaicio Street 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kristine B Gutzkow
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Line S Haug
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carles Hernandez-Ferrer
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 4, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Hector C Keun
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, IAB, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Léa Maitre
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosie McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolors Pelegrí
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Marys Hospital Campus, London W21PG, UK
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, IAB, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
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Popovic M, Fiano V, Isaevska E, Moccia C, Trevisan M, Rusconi F, De Marco L, Polidoro S, Merletti F, Pizzi C, Richiardi L. Determination of saliva epigenetic age in infancy, and its association with parental socio-economic characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 12:319-327. [PMID: 32452337 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420000380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic age acceleration (AA) has been associated with adverse environmental exposures and many chronic conditions. We estimated, in the NINFEA birth cohort, infant saliva epigenetic age, and investigated whether parental socio-economic position (SEP) and pregnancy outcomes are associated with infant epigenetic AA. A total of 139 saliva samples collected at on average 10.8 (range 7-17) months were used to estimate Horvath's DNA methylation age. Epigenetic AA was defined as the residual from a linear regression of epigenetic age on chronological age. Linear regression models were used to test the associations of parental SEP and pregnancy outcomes with saliva epigenetic AA. A moderate positive association was found between DNA methylation age and chronological age, with the median absolute difference of 6.8 months (standard deviation [SD] 3.9). The evidence of the association between the indicators of low SEP and epigenetic AA was weak; infants born to unemployed mothers or with low education had on average 1 month higher epigenetic age than infants of mothers with high education and employment (coefficient 0.78 months, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: -0.79 to 2.34 for low/medium education; 0.96, 95% CI: -1.81 to 3.73 for unemployment). There was no evidence for association of gestational age, birthweight or caesarean section with infant epigenetic AA. Using the Horvath's method, DNA methylation age can be fairly accurately predicted from saliva samples already in the first months of life. This study did not reveal clear associations between either pregnancy outcomes or parental socio-economic characteristics and infant saliva epigenetic AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Popovic
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Fiano
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Isaevska
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Moccia
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Morena Trevisan
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Franca Rusconi
- Unit of Epidemiology, 'Anna Meyer' Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura De Marco
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Polidoro
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Candiolo, Italy
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Franco Merletti
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Costanza Pizzi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
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Yousefzadeh M, Henpita C, Vyas R, Soto-Palma C, Robbins P, Niedernhofer L. DNA damage-how and why we age? eLife 2021; 10:62852. [PMID: 33512317 PMCID: PMC7846274 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex process that results in loss of the ability to reattain homeostasis following stress, leading, thereby, to increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Many factors contribute to aging, such as the time-dependent accumulation of macromolecular damage, including DNA damage. The integrity of the nuclear genome is essential for cellular, tissue, and organismal health. DNA damage is a constant threat because nucleic acids are chemically unstable under physiological conditions and vulnerable to attack by endogenous and environmental factors. To combat this, all organisms possess highly conserved mechanisms to detect and repair DNA damage. Persistent DNA damage (genotoxic stress) triggers signaling cascades that drive cells into apoptosis or senescence to avoid replicating a damaged genome. The drawback is that these cancer avoidance mechanisms promote aging. Here, we review evidence that DNA damage plays a causal role in aging. We also provide evidence that genotoxic stress is linked to other cellular processes implicated as drivers of aging, including mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction, altered proteostasis and inflammation. These links between damage to the genetic code and other pillars of aging support the notion that DNA damage could be the root of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Yousefzadeh
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Chathurika Henpita
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Rajesh Vyas
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Carolina Soto-Palma
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Paul Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Laura Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
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11
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Franzke B, Schwingshackl L, Wagner KH. Chromosomal damage measured by the cytokinesis block micronucleus cytome assay in diabetes and obesity - A systematic review and meta-analysis. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 786:108343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Yang R, Hu C, Huang Z, Zheng C, Liang Q, Gong R, Zhu X, Gong H, Yuan H, Chen C, Li X, Zhang N, Yang Z, Sun L. Serum branched-chain amino acids are associated with leukocyte telomere length and frailty based on residents from Guangxi longevity county. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10252. [PMID: 32581228 PMCID: PMC7314839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and telomere length are biologically associated with healthy aging. However, the association between them and their interaction on frailty remain unclear in humans. Here, a cross-sectional study based on residents from Guangxi longevity county was conducted to investigate the association of serum BCAAs, peripheral leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and frailty. A total of 1,034 subjects aged 20 to 110 years were recruited in the study. The real-time qPCR method and a targeted metabolomics approach based on isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method were used for measurement of LTL and BCAAs, respectively. A frailty score defined as the proportion of accumulated deficits based on 24 aging-related items was used assess the health status of elderly subjects. First, we found that a higher concentration of BCAAs was significantly associated with longer LTL only in middle-aged subjects, independent of age and BMI (P < 0.05). In the oldest-old subjects, we identified a significantly inverse association between BCAAs and frailty score (P < 0.001), even after adjustment for age and BMI (P < 0.05). Additionally, we recognized a statistically significant synergetic interaction between BCAAs and LTL on frailty score in the oldest-old subjects by the general linear model (P = 0.042), although we did not find any significant association between LTL and frailty score. In summary, our findings suggest a potentially protective effect of circulating BCAAs on LTL and frailty based on the subjects from longevity county in East Asia and indicate a potential synergetic interaction between BCAAs and LTL in healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ruiyue Yang
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Caiyou Hu
- Department of Neurology, JiangBin Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Zezhi Huang
- Office of Longevity Cultural, People's Government of Yongfu County, Guilin, Guangxi, 541899, China
| | - Chenguang Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530005, China
| | - Qinghua Liang
- Department of Neurology, JiangBin Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Ranhui Gong
- Office of Longevity Cultural, People's Government of Yongfu County, Guilin, Guangxi, 541899, China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhu
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huan Gong
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huiping Yuan
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chen Chen
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xianghui Li
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ze Yang
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100730, China.
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China.
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13
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Chromosomal stability in buccal cells was linked to age but not affected by exercise and nutrients - Vienna Active Ageing Study (VAAS), a randomized controlled trial. Redox Biol 2019; 28:101362. [PMID: 31675674 PMCID: PMC6838791 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six months strength training with or without supplementing protein and vitamins, on chromosomal integrity of buccal cells in institutionalized elderly. One hundred seventeen women and men (65–98 years) performed either resistance training (RT), RT combined with a nutritional supplement (RTS) or cognitive training (CT) twice per week for six months. Participants’ fitness was measured using the 6 min walking, the chair rise, and the handgrip strength test. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity parameters were investigated with the Buccal Micronucleus Cytome (BMcyt) assay. Six minutes walking and chair rise performance improved significantly, however, no changes of the parameters of the BMcyt were detected. Age and micronuclei (MN) frequency correlated significantly, for both women (r = 0.597, p = 0.000) and men (r = 0.508, p = 0.000). Squared regressions revealed a significant increase in the MN frequency of buccal cells with age (R2 = 0.466, p = 0.000). Interestingly and contrary to what was shown in blood lymphocytes, chromosomal damage in buccal cells increases until very old age, which might qualify them as a valid biomarker for aging. Unexpectedly, in this group of institutionalized elderly, resistance training using elastic bands had no effect on chromosomal damage in buccal cells. Mutation in buccal cells increased until very old age – a new aging biomarker? Chromosomal damage in buccal cells was age-dependent and equal for women and men. Strength training improved fitness but not mutagenicity in buccal cells of elderly.
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14
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Franzke B, Schober-Halper B, Hofmann M, Oesen S, Tosevska A, Strasser EM, Marculescu R, Wessner B, Wagner KH. Fat Soluble Vitamins in Institutionalized Elderly and the Effect of Exercise, Nutrition and Cognitive Training on Their Status-The Vienna Active Aging Study (VAAS): A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061333. [PMID: 31197107 PMCID: PMC6627161 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Institutionalized elderly are at higher risk for micronutrient deficiency. In particular, fat soluble micronutrients, which additionally have antioxidative function, are of interest. The purpose of this secondary investigation of the Vienna Active Ageing Study was to assess and evaluate the plasma status of retinol, alpha- and gamma-tocopherol, alpha- and beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, and lycopene, as well as vitamin D (25(OH)D) in a cohort of institutionalized elderly. We further determined the effect of six months strength training with or without supplementing (antioxidant) vitamins and protein on the plasma status of these ten micronutrients. METHODS Three groups (n = 117, age = 83.1 ± 6.1 years)-resistance training (RT), RT combined with protein and vitamin supplementation (RTS), or cognitive training (CT)-performed two guided training sessions per week for six months. Micronutrients were measured with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) at baseline and after 6 months of intervention. Physical fitness was assessed by the 6-min-walking, the 30-s chair rise, isokinetic dynamometry, and the handgrip strength tests. RESULTS At baseline, the plasma status of retinol was satisfactory, for alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, and 25(OH)D, the percentage of individuals with an insufficient status was 33%, 73% and 61%/81% (when using 50 nmol/L or 75 nmol/L as threshold levels for 25(OH)D), respectively. Plasma analyses were supported by intake data. Six months of elastic band resistance training with or without protein-vitamin supplementation had no biological impact on the status of fat soluble micronutrients. Even for vitamin D, which was part of the nutritional supplement (additional 20 µg/d), the plasma status did not increase significantly, however it contributed to a lower percentage of elderly below the threshold levels of 50/75 nmol/L (49%/74%). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the study lead to the strong recommendation for regular physical activity and increased consumption of plant-based foods in institutionalized elderly. When supported by blood analysis, supplementing micronutrients in a moderate range should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Franzke
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Barbara Schober-Halper
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, Department of Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Marlene Hofmann
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, Department of Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stefan Oesen
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, Department of Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Anela Tosevska
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Eva-Maria Strasser
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Remobilization and Functional Health/Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaiser Franz Joseph Spital, SMZ-Süd, Kundratstraße 3, 1100 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Rodrig Marculescu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Medical-Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, Department of Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Niedernhofer LJ, Gurkar AU, Wang Y, Vijg J, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Robbins PD. Nuclear Genomic Instability and Aging. Annu Rev Biochem 2019; 87:295-322. [PMID: 29925262 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear genome decays as organisms age. Numerous studies demonstrate that the burden of several classes of DNA lesions is greater in older mammals than in young mammals. More challenging is proving this is a cause rather than a consequence of aging. The DNA damage theory of aging, which argues that genomic instability plays a causal role in aging, has recently gained momentum. Support for this theory stems partly from progeroid syndromes in which inherited defects in DNA repair increase the burden of DNA damage leading to accelerated aging of one or more organs. Additionally, growing evidence shows that DNA damage accrual triggers cellular senescence and metabolic changes that promote a decline in tissue function and increased susceptibility to age-related diseases. Here, we examine multiple lines of evidence correlating nuclear DNA damage with aging. We then consider how, mechanistically, nuclear genotoxic stress could promote aging. We conclude that the evidence, in toto, supports a role for DNA damage as a nidus of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA;
| | - Aditi U Gurkar
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA; .,Department of Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Jan Vijg
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Michael F. Price Center, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Jan H J Hoeijmakers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA;
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16
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Guest PC. Of Mice, Whales, Jellyfish and Men: In Pursuit of Increased Longevity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1178:1-24. [PMID: 31493219 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-25650-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The quest for increased human longevity has been a goal of mankind throughout recorded history. Recent molecular studies are now providing potentially useful insights into the aging process which may help to achieve at least some aspects of this quest. This chapter will summarize the main findings of these studies with a focus on long-lived mutant mice and worms, and the longest living natural species including Galapagos giant tortoises, bowhead whales, Greenland sharks, quahog clams and the immortal jellyfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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17
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Doblhammer G, Barth A. Prevalence of Morbidity at Extreme Old Age in Germany: An Observational Study Using Health Claims Data. J Am Geriatr Soc 2018; 66:1262-1268. [PMID: 29963696 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the prevalence of morbidity in long-lived individuals according to age and age at death and explored the association between dementia and other diseases and surviving to age 90 and 100. Using health claims data from the largest German health insurer from 2004 to 2013, we followed birth cohorts from 1908 to 1913 from age 95 until death or survival to age 100 (n=2,865) and compared them with birth cohorts from 1918 to 1923 and their survival from age 85 to age 90 (n=17,013). We observed their exact date of death and main categories of morbidity based on International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, diagnoses. For all diseases studied, when differentiated according to age at death, prevalence continued to increase with age. Nonagenarians and centenarians had significantly lower disease prevalence at each age. Dementia was associated with the highest risk of dying before becoming a centenarian (hazard ratio (HR)=1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.50-1.78), followed closely by the residual category other chronic heart disease (HR=1.42, 95% CI=1.30-1.56). Results were even stronger for the younger cohort. Our study shows that exceptionally long-lived individuals are different in terms of good health. Survival at these high ages depends primarily on the absence of dementia and chronic heart disease, with acute heart disease and pneumonia playing important roles as diseases leading directly to death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Doblhammer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Sociology and Demography, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,Rostock Center for the Study of Demographic Change, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Barth
- Institute for Sociology and Demography, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,Rostock Center for the Study of Demographic Change, Rostock, Germany
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18
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Gutmajster E, Chudek J, Augusciak-Duma A, Szwed M, Szybalska A, Mossakowska M, Puzianowska-Kuznicka M, Wiecek A, Sieron AL. Possible association of the TERT promoter polymorphisms rs2735940, rs7712562 and rs2853669 with diabetes mellitus in obese elderly Polish population: results from the national PolSenior study. J Appl Genet 2018; 59:291-299. [PMID: 29938393 PMCID: PMC6060992 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-018-0450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One of the markers of aging is lymphocyte telomere length (LTL), which is affected by genetic constitution of the organism and environmental conditions, such as development and diseases, including diabetes. The relationship of the later seems to be bilateral. The enzyme responsible for the maintenance of telomere length is a subunit of telomerase-telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). The aims of the present study were to (1) determine the influence of the TERT promoter sequence SNP variants on relative telomere length (RTL) in an elderly Polish population and (2) explore the potential associations of the SNPs with the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the obese individuals. Two highly homogenous subgroups of PolSenior participants were investigated, the first constituted 70 relatively healthy respondents and the second 70 individuals with T2DM. Telomere length ratio (T/S value) was measured; 1.5 kb part upstream of the transcription start site of the TERT promoter was sequenced, and the frequencies of polymorphisms were calculated and compared against analysed data. Low-frequency SNPs were evaluated but excluded from further comparative analyses to RTL and glucose metabolism markers. No significant difference in telomere length was found between the two studied subgroups. Univariate statistical analyses showed only a weak association of environmental or genetic factors altering this marker of aging. Approximate frequency of four SNPs in TERT promoter sequence was assessed in Polish population aged 65-95 years, but three of them (rs2735940, rs7712562 and rs2853669) were selected for further analyses. The SNP selection was based on their minor allele frequencies in general population and on published data. The univariate analysis has revealed that carriers of CC SNP (rs2853669) have had the shortest RTL in the T2DM group. Multivariate analysis has also revealed that the genetic effect of TERT promoter CC SNP was strengthened by the incidence of T2DM. The additional variation in RTL in paired groups indicates that in addition to T2DM and genetics, there are other factors contributing to development of the age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Gutmajster
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 18 Medykow Street, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Chudek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-027, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Augusciak-Duma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 18 Medykow Street, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Szwed
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wiecek
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksander L Sieron
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 18 Medykow Street, 40-752, Katowice, Poland.
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19
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Silva-Sena GG, Camporez D, dos Santos LR, da Silva AS, Sagrillo Pimassoni LH, Tieppo A, Pimentel Batitucci MDC, Morelato RL, de Paula F. An association study of FOXO3 variant and longevity. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:386-396. [PMID: 30088610 PMCID: PMC6082243 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human longevity is a polygenic and multifactorial trait. Pathways related to lifespan are complex and involve molecular, cellular, and environmental processes. In this analytical observational study, we evaluated the relationship between environment factors, oxidative stress status, DNA integrity level, and the association of FOXO3 (rs2802292), SOD2 (rs4880), APOE (rs429358 and rs7412), and SIRT1 (rs2273773) polymorphisms with longevity in oldest-old individuals from southeastern Brazil. We found an association between the FOXO3 GG genotype and gender. While lifestyle, anthropometric, and biochemical characteristics showed significant results, DNA damage and oxidative stress were not related to lifespan. We found that long-lived individuals with FOXO3 GT genotype had low levels of triglycerides. This study is the first to demonstrate that FOXO3 could be a candidate gene for longevity in the Brazilian population. These results are important in terms of provisions of health care for age-related diseases and lifespan, and provide insight for further research on epigenetic, gene regulation, and expression in oldest-old individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geralda Gillian Silva-Sena
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em
BiotecnologiaVitóriaESBrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia,
Renorbio, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES,
Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoDepartamento de Educação Integrada em
SaúdeVitóriaESBrazilDepartamento de Educação Integrada em
Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,
Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Daniela Camporez
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em
BiotecnologiaVitóriaESBrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia,
Renorbio, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES,
Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoDepartamento de Ciências
BiológicasVitóriaESBrazilDepartamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro
de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,
Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Lígia Ramos dos Santos
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em
BiotecnologiaVitóriaESBrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia,
Renorbio, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES,
Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoDepartamento de Ciências
BiológicasVitóriaESBrazilDepartamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro
de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,
Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Aline Sesana da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoDepartamento de Educação Integrada em
SaúdeVitóriaESBrazilDepartamento de Educação Integrada em
Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,
Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Helena Sagrillo Pimassoni
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa
de Misericórdia de VitóriaEscola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de
Misericórdia de VitóriaVitóriaESBrazilEscola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa
de Misericórdia de Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Tieppo
- Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de
VitóriaHospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de
VitóriaVitóriaESBrazilHospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de
Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Pimentel Batitucci
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoDepartamento de Ciências
BiológicasVitóriaESBrazilDepartamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro
de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,
Vitória, ES, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências
FarmacêuticasVitóriaESBrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências
Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito
Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Renato Lírio Morelato
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa
de Misericórdia de VitóriaEscola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de
Misericórdia de VitóriaVitóriaESBrazilEscola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa
de Misericórdia de Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brazil
- Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de
VitóriaHospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de
VitóriaVitóriaESBrazilHospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de
Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Flavia de Paula
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em
BiotecnologiaVitóriaESBrazilPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia,
Renorbio, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES,
Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Espírito
SantoUniversidade Federal do Espírito
SantoDepartamento de Ciências
BiológicasVitóriaESBrazilDepartamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro
de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,
Vitória, ES, Brazil
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20
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Franzke B, Schober-Halper B, Hofmann M, Oesen S, Tosevska A, Henriksen T, Poulsen HE, Strasser EM, Wessner B, Wagner KH. Age and the effect of exercise, nutrition and cognitive training on oxidative stress - The Vienna Active Aging Study (VAAS), a randomized controlled trial. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 121:69-77. [PMID: 29698742 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigated the effect of age - over or under life-expectancy (LE) - on six months resistance training alone or combined with a nutritional supplement, and cognitive training by analyzing markers for oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in institutionalized elderly, living in Vienna. Three groups (n = 117, age = 83.1 ± 6.1 years) - resistance training (RT), RT combined with protein and vitamin supplementation (RTS) or cognitive training (CT) - performed two guided training sessions per week for six months. Oxidative stress, antioxidant defense and DNA strand breaks were analyzed and transformed into an "antioxidant factor" to compare the total effect of the intervention. Physical fitness was assessed by the 6-min-walking, the chair-rise and the handgrip strength tests. We observed significant negative baseline correlations between 8-oxo-7.8-dihydroguanosine and handgrip strength (r = -0.350, p = 0.001), and between high sensitive troponin-T and the 6-min-walking test (r = -0.210, p = 0.035). RT and RTS groups, showed significant improvements in physical performance. Over LE, subjects of the RT group demonstrated a significant greater response in the "antioxidant factor" compared to RTS and CT (RT vs. RTS p = 0.033, RT vs. CT p = 0.028), whereas no difference was observed between the intervention groups under LE. Six months of elastic band resistance training lead to improvements in antioxidant defense, DNA stability and oxidative damage, summarized in the "antioxidant factor", however mainly in subjects over their statistical LE. Consuming a supplement containing antioxidants might inhibit optimal cellular response to exercise. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the City of Vienna (EK-11-151-0811) and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01775111.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Franzke
- University of Vienna, Research Platform Active Ageing, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Barbara Schober-Halper
- University of Vienna, Research Platform Active Ageing, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Hofmann
- University of Vienna, Research Platform Active Ageing, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Oesen
- University of Vienna, Research Platform Active Ageing, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anela Tosevska
- University of Vienna, Research Platform Active Ageing, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Trine Henriksen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology Q7642, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik E Poulsen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology Q7642, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva-Maria Strasser
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Remobilization and functional health/ Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaiser Franz Joseph Spital, SMZ-Süd, Kundratstraße 3, 1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Wessner
- University of Vienna, Research Platform Active Ageing, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, Department of Sport and Exercise Physiology, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- University of Vienna, Research Platform Active Ageing, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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21
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Genomic Approach to Understand the Association of DNA Repair with Longevity and Healthy Aging Using Genomic Databases of Oldest-Old Population. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2984730. [PMID: 29854078 PMCID: PMC5960555 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2984730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aged population is increasing worldwide due to the aging process that is inevitable. Accordingly, longevity and healthy aging have been spotlighted to promote social contribution of aged population. Many studies in the past few decades have reported the process of aging and longevity, emphasizing the importance of maintaining genomic stability in exceptionally long-lived population. Underlying reason of longevity remains unclear due to its complexity involving multiple factors. With advances in sequencing technology and human genome-associated approaches, studies based on population-based genomic studies are increasing. In this review, we summarize recent longevity and healthy aging studies of human population focusing on DNA repair as a major factor in maintaining genome integrity. To keep pace with recent growth in genomic research, aging- and longevity-associated genomic databases are also briefly introduced. To suggest novel approaches to investigate longevity-associated genetic variants related to DNA repair using genomic databases, gene set analysis was conducted, focusing on DNA repair- and longevity-associated genes. Their biological networks were additionally analyzed to grasp major factors containing genetic variants of human longevity and healthy aging in DNA repair mechanisms. In summary, this review emphasizes DNA repair activity in human longevity and suggests approach to conduct DNA repair-associated genomic study on human healthy aging.
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22
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Inoue H, Yamashita T, Akao M, Atarashi H, Ikeda T, Okumura K, Koretsune Y, Shimizu W, Tsutsui H, Toyoda K, Hirayama A, Yasaka M, Yamaguchi T, Akishita M, Hasebe N, Kario K, Mizokami Y, Nagata K, Nakamura M, Terauchi Y, Yamamoto T, Teramukai S, Kimura T, Kaburagi J, Takita A. Prospective observational study in elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Rationale and design of the All Nippon AF In the Elderly (ANAFIE) Registry. J Cardiol 2018; 72:300-306. [PMID: 29625717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although anticoagulation effectively prevents stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), it has been underused in elderly AF patients for many reasons, mainly because of knowledge gaps regarding cardiovascular treatment of these populations with multiple comorbidities and poor prognosis. The objectives of the All Nippon AF In the Elderly (ANAFIE) Registry are to collect real-world information about the clinical status of patients with non-valvular AF (NVAF) aged ≥75 years, current status of anticoagulant therapy, and prognosis with/without anticoagulation to establish a database for this specific patient population that is increasing remarkably worldwide. METHODS AND DESIGN The ANAFIE Registry is an observational, multicenter, prospective study of Japanese patients with NVAF aged ≥75 years that will include 30,000 patients and have the primary endpoint of composite of stroke and systemic embolism over a 2-year follow-up period. In parallel with the main study, seven sub-cohort studies will be conducted with assessments including coagulation-fibrinolysis markers, echocardiography, heart rate, hypertension, cognitive function, frailty, and medication adherence. Subgroup analyses will be performed, and stratified by renal function, HbA1c, and maximum number of drugs used. The study was started in October 2016, with a planned 2-year recruitment period. As of January 31, 2018, 33,213 patients were enrolled; the recruitment was therefore ended 8 months earlier than the original plan. CONCLUSIONS The ANAFIE Registry will provide a valuable database for the clinical status, management, and outcomes of mortality, stroke, systemic embolism, and hemorrhagic events with/without anticoagulation in the increasing population of elderly NVAF patients, and will identify risk factors associated with these clinical events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Masaharu Akao
- Department of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Takanori Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Okumura
- Division of Cardiology, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital Cardiovascular Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Koretsune
- Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Division of Cardiology, Nippon Medical School Department of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Toyoda
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirayama
- Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Itabashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasaka
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Hasebe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical College, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuji Mizokami
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ken Nagata
- Clinical Research Institute, Yokohama General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masato Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohashi Hospital Medical Center, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Yamamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Teramukai
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kimura
- Medical Science Department, Daiichi Sankyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Takita
- Safety and Risk Management Department, Daiichi Sankyo, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Oliveira BS, Zunzunegui MV, Quinlan J, Batistuzzo de Medeiros SR, Thomasini RL, Guerra RO. Lifecourse Adversity and Telomere Length in Older Women from Northeast Brazil. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 21:294-303. [PMID: 28482745 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and shorter telomere length (TL) in 83 older women, including 42 women with less than secondary education and 41 with secondary or more education in a city of Northeast Brazil, a region with substantial socioeconomic inequalities. The low education sample was selected from a representative survey at local neighborhood health centers, while the high education group consisted of a convenience sample recruited by advertising in community centers and centers affiliated with the local university. Relative leukocyte TL was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction from blood samples. ACEs were self-reported. Spline linear regression was fitted to assess the strength of the associations between ACEs and TL. Among women with low education, median TL was 1.02 compared with 0.64 in the high education group (p = 0.0001). Natural log-transformed T/S ratio as the dependent variable was used in analysis. Women with low education had been exposed to more ACEs, and among them those experiencing two or more ACEs had longer TL than women exposed to ≤1 ACEs (p = 0.03); among women with high education, this difference was not significant (p = 0.49). In analyses adjusted by age, education, and parental abuse of alcohol, the linear trend of higher TL with increasing ACEs was confirmed (p = 0.02), and the mean difference in TL between groups remained significant (p = 0.002). The unexpected positive relationship between low education and ACEs with TL suggests that older adults who have survived harsh conditions prevailing in Northeast Brazil have the longest TL of their birth cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Silva Oliveira
- 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte , Natal, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ronaldo Luis Thomasini
- 5 Faculty of Medicine-FAMED, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri , Campus JK, Diamantina, Brazil
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Shiloh Y, Lederman HM. Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T): An emerging dimension of premature ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 33:76-88. [PMID: 27181190 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A-T is a prototype genome instability syndrome and a multifaceted disease. A-T leads to neurodegeneration - primarily cerebellar atrophy, immunodeficiency, oculocutaneous telangiectasia (dilated blood vessels), vestigial thymus and gonads, endocrine abnormalities, cancer predisposition and varying sensitivity to DNA damaging agents, particularly those that induce DNA double-strand breaks. With the recent increase in life expectancy of A-T patients, the premature ageing component of this disease is gaining greater awareness. The complex A-T phenotype reflects the ever growing number of functions assigned to the protein encoded by the responsible gene - the homeostatic protein kinase, ATM. The quest to thoroughly understand the complex A-T phenotype may reveal yet elusive ATM functions.
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25
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Tosevska A, Franzke B, Hofmann M, Vierheilig I, Schober-Halper B, Oesen S, Neubauer O, Wessner B, Wagner KH. Circulating cell-free DNA, telomere length and bilirubin in the Vienna Active Ageing Study: exploratory analysis of a randomized, controlled trial. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38084. [PMID: 27905522 PMCID: PMC5131485 DOI: 10.1038/srep38084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) in blood cells is widely used in human studies as a molecular marker of ageing. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as well as unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) are dynamic blood constituents whose involvement in age-associated diseases is largely unexplored. To our knowledge, there are no published studies integrating all three parameters, especially in individuals of advanced age. Here we present a secondary analysis from the Vienna Active Aging Study (VAAS), a randomized controlled intervention trial in institutionalized elderly individuals (n = 101). Using an exploratory approach we combine three blood-based molecular markers (TL, UCB and cfDNA) with a range of primary and secondary outcomes from the intervention. We further look at the changes occurring in these parameters after 6-month resistance exercise training with or without supplementation. A correlation between UCB and TL was evident at baseline (p < 0.05), and both were associated with increased chromosomal anomalies such as nucleoplasmatic bridges and nuclear buds (p < 0.05). Of the three main markers explored in this paper, only cfDNA decreased significantly (p < 0.05) after 6-month training and dietary intervention. No clear relationship could be established between cfDNA and either UCB or TL. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01775111).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anela Tosevska
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Franzke
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Hofmann
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, Department of Sport and Exercise Physiology, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria
| | - Immina Vierheilig
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Schober-Halper
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Oesen
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Neubauer
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Tissue Repair and Regeneration Group, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, Department of Sport and Exercise Physiology, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Biomarkers of Aging: From Function to Molecular Biology. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8060338. [PMID: 27271660 PMCID: PMC4924179 DOI: 10.3390/nu8060338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for most chronic diseases and functional impairments. Within a homogeneous age sample there is a considerable variation in the extent of disease and functional impairment risk, revealing a need for valid biomarkers to aid in characterizing the complex aging processes. The identification of biomarkers is further complicated by the diversity of biological living situations, lifestyle activities and medical treatments. Thus, there has been no identification of a single biomarker or gold standard tool that can monitor successful or healthy aging. Within this short review the current knowledge of putative biomarkers is presented, focusing on their application to the major physiological mechanisms affected by the aging process including physical capability, nutritional status, body composition, endocrine and immune function. This review emphasizes molecular and DNA-based biomarkers, as well as recent advances in other biomarkers such as microRNAs, bilirubin or advanced glycation end products.
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