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Dawn R, Zzaman M, Faizal F, Kiran C, Kumari A, Shahid R, Panatarani C, Joni IM, Verma VK, Sahoo SK, Amemiya K, Singh VR. Origin of Magnetization in Silica-coated Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles Revealed by Soft X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS 2022; 52:99. [PMCID: PMC9014780 DOI: 10.1007/s13538-022-01102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) and SiO2-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles have successfully been synthesized using co-precipitation and modified Stöber methods, respectively. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). XRD and FTIR data confirmed the structural configuration of a single-phase Fe3O4 and the successful formation of SiO2-coated Fe3O4 NPs. XRD also confirmed that we have succeeded to synthesize nano-meter size of Fe3O4 NPs. HRTEM images showed the increasing thickness of SiO2-coated Fe3O4 with the addition of the Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS). Room temperature VSM analysis showed the magnetic behaviour of Fe3O4 and its variations that occurred after SiO2 coating. The magnetic behaviour is further authenticated by XAS spectra analysis which cleared about the existence of SiO2 shells that have transformed the crystal as well as the local structures of the magnetite NPs. We have performed XMCD measurements, which is a powerful element-specific technique to find out the origin of magnetization in SiO2-coated Fe3O4 NPs, that verified a decrease in magnetization with increasing thickness of the SiO2 coating. Graphical Abstract Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) and SiO2-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles have successfully been synthesized using co-precipitation and modified Stöber methods, respectively. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). XRD and FTIR data confirmed the structural configuration of a single-phase Fe3O4 and the successful formation of SiO2-coated Fe3O4 NPs. XRD also confirmed that we have succeeded to synthesize nano-meter size of Fe3O4 NPs. HRTEM images showed the increasing thickness of SiO2-coated Fe3O4 with the addition of the Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS). Room temperature VSM analysis showed the magnetic behaviour of Fe3O4 and its variations that occurred after SiO2 coating. The magnetic behaviour is further authenticated by XAS spectra analysis which cleared about the existence of SiO2 shells that have transformed the crystal as well as the local structures of the magnetite NPs. We have performed XMCD measurements, which is a powerful element-specific technique to find out the origin of magnetization in SiO2-coated Fe3O4 NPs, that verified a decrease in magnetization with increasing thickness of the SiO2 coating. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Dawn
- Department of Physics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, India
| | - M. Zzaman
- Department of Physics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, India
- Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - F. Faizal
- Department of Physics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
- Functional Nano Powder University Centre of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
| | - C. Kiran
- Department of Animal Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, 191201 India
| | - A. Kumari
- Department of Physics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, India
| | - R. Shahid
- Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - C. Panatarani
- Department of Physics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
- Functional Nano Powder University Centre of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
| | - I. M. Joni
- Department of Physics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
- Functional Nano Powder University Centre of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
| | - V. K. Verma
- Department of Physics, Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science, Madanapalle, 517325 India
| | - S. K. Sahoo
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008 India
| | - K. Amemiya
- Photon Factory, IMSS, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
| | - V. R. Singh
- Department of Physics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, India
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Bersweiler M, Rubio HG, Honecker D, Michels A, Bender P. The benefits of a Bayesian analysis for the characterization of magnetic nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:435704. [PMID: 32659748 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aba57b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles offer a unique potential for various biomedical applications, but prior to commercial usage a standardized characterization of their structural and magnetic properties is required. For a thorough characterization, the combination of conventional magnetometry and advanced scattering techniques has shown great potential. In the present work, we characterize a powder sample of high-quality iron oxide nanoparticles that are surrounded with a homogeneous thick silica shell by DC magnetometry and magnetic small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). To retrieve the particle parameters such as their size distribution and saturation magnetization from the data, we apply standard model fits of individual data sets as well as global fits of multiple curves, including a combination of the magnetometry and SANS measurements. We show that by combining a standard least-squares fit with a subsequent Bayesian approach for the data refinement, the probability distributions of the model parameters and their cross correlations can be readily extracted, which enables a direct visual feedback regarding the quality of the fit. This prevents an overfitting of data in case of highly correlated parameters and renders the Bayesian method as an ideal component for a standardized data analysis of magnetic nanoparticle samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Bersweiler
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg
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Development of a novel functional core-shell-shell nanoparticles: From design to anti-bacterial applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 513:726-735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zolfigol MA, Ayazi-Nasrabadi R. Synthesis of the first magnetic nanoparticles with a thiourea dioxide-based sulfonic acid tag: application in the one-pot synthesis of 1,1,3-tri(1H-indol-3-yl) alkanes under mild and green conditions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11620e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of the first thiourea dioxide-based silica-coated Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles as an exquisite, extraordinary and effective catalyst for the synthesis of 1,1,3-tri(1H-indol-3-yl) alkane derivatives.
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Degen P, Zwar E, Schulz I, Rehage H. Magneto-responsive alginate capsules. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:194105. [PMID: 25923881 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/19/194105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Upon incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs) into gels, composite materials called ferrogels are obtained. These magneto-responsive systems have a wide range of potential applications including switches and sensors as well as drug delivery systems. In this article, we focus on the properties of calcium alginate capsules, which are widely used as carrier systems in medicine and technology. We studied the incorporation of different kinds of mNPs in matrix capsules and in the core and the shell of hollow particles. We found out that not all particle-alginate or particle-CaCl2 solution combinations were suitable for a successful capsule preparation on grounds of a destabilization of the nanoparticles or the polymer. For those systems allowing the preparation of switchable beads or capsules, we systematically studied the size and microscopic structure of the capsules, their magnetic behavior and mechanical resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Degen
- Physikalische Chemie I; Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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Dhanalekshmi KI, Meena KS. Comparison of antibacterial activities of Ag@TiO2 and Ag@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 128:887-890. [PMID: 24709355 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell type Ag@TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by one pot simultaneous reduction of AgNO3 and hydrolysis of Ti (IV) isopropoxide and Ag@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles were prepared by Stober's method. They were characterized by absorption, XRD, and HR-TEM techniques. XRD patterns show the presence of anatase form of TiO2 and amorphous form of SiO2 and the noble metal (Ag). High resolution transmission electron microscopy measurements revealed that their size is below 50 nm. The antibacterial properties of Ag@TiO2 and Ag@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were examined by the agar diffusion method. As a result E. coli and S. aureus were shown to be substantially inhibited by Ag@TiO2 and Ag@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles. These results demonstrated that TiO2 and SiO2 supported on the surface of Ag NPs without aggregation was proved to have enhanced antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K I Dhanalekshmi
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary's College, Chennai 600 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K S Meena
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary's College, Chennai 600 004, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ridi F, Bonini M, Baglioni P. Magneto-responsive nanocomposites: preparation and integration of magnetic nanoparticles into films, capsules, and gels. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 207:3-13. [PMID: 24139510 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review reports on the latest developments in the field of magnetic nanocomposites, with a special focus on the potentials introduced by the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles into polymer and supramolecular matrices. The general notions and the state of the art of nanocomposite materials are summarized and the results reported in the literature over the last decade on magnetically responsive films, capsules and gels are reviewed. The most promising concepts that have inspired the design of magneto-responsive nanocomposites are illustrated through remarkable examples where the integration of magnetic nanoparticles into organic architectures has successfully taken to the development of responsive multifunctional materials.
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Synthesis and functionalization of SiO2 coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles with amine groups based on self-assembly. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Amstad E, Textor M, Reimhult E. Stabilization and functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:2819-43. [PMID: 21629911 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr10173k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are used in a rapidly expanding number of research and practical applications in the biomedical field, including magnetic cell labeling separation and tracking, for therapeutic purposes in hyperthermia and drug delivery, and for diagnostic purposes, e.g., as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. These applications require good NP stability at physiological conditions, close control over NP size and controlled surface presentation of functionalities. This review is focused on different aspects of the stability of superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs, from its practical definition to its implementation by molecular design of the dispersant shell around the iron oxide core and further on to its influence on the magnetic properties of the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs. Special attention is given to the selection of molecular anchors for the dispersant shell, because of their importance to ensure colloidal and functional stability of sterically stabilized superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs. We further detail how dispersants have been optimized to gain close control over iron oxide NP stability, size and functionalities by independently considering the influences of anchors and the attached sterically repulsive polymer brushes. A critical evaluation of different strategies to stabilize and functionalize core-shell superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs as well as a brief introduction to characterization methods to compare those strategies is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Amstad
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Falletta E, Ridi F, Fratini E, Vannucci C, Canton P, Bianchi S, Castelvetro V, Baglioni P. A tri-block copolymer templated synthesis of gold nanostructures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 357:88-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhang N, Gao Y, Zhang H, Feng X, Cai H, Liu Y. Preparation and characterization of core–shell structure of SiO2@Cu antibacterial agent. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 81:537-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Dai Q, Lam M, Swanson S, Yu RHR, Milliron DJ, Topuria T, Jubert PO, Nelson A. Monodisperse cobalt ferrite nanomagnets with uniform silica coatings. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:17546-17551. [PMID: 20961061 DOI: 10.1021/la103042q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ferro- and ferrimagnetic nanoparticles are difficult to manipulate in solution as a consequence of the formation of magnetically induced nanoparticle aggregates, which hamper the utility of these particles for applications ranging from data storage to bionanotechnology. Nonmagnetic shells that encapsulate these magnetic particles can reduce the interparticle magnetic interactions and improve the dispersibility of the nanoparticles in solution. A route to create uniform silica shells around individual cobalt ferrite nanoparticles--which uses poly(acrylic acid) to bind to the nanoparticle surface and inhibit nanoparticle aggregation prior to the addition of a silica precursor--was developed. In the absence of the poly(acrylic acid) the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles irreversibly aggregated during the silica shell formation. The thickness of the silica shell around the core-shell nanoparticles could be controlled in order to tune the interparticle magnetic coupling as well as inhibit magnetically induced nanoparticle aggregation. These ferrimagnetic core-silica shell structures form stable dispersion in polar solvents such as EtOH and water, which is critical for enabling technologies that require the assembly or derivatization of ferrimagnetic particles in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Dai
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
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14
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Nan Z, Liu N, Wei C. A facile method to synthesize novel monodisperse core–shell structure of spherical silica at nanocrystalline copper. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Degen P, Paulus M, Maas M, Kahner R, Schmacke S, Struth B, Tolan M, Rehage H. In situ observation of gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticle adsorption under different monolayers at the air/water interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:12958-12962. [PMID: 18850729 DOI: 10.1021/la802394a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We studied the adsorption of gamma-Fe 2O 3 nanoparticles from an aqueous solution under different charged Langmuir monolayers (stearic acid, stearyl alcohol, and stearyl amine). The aqueous subphase was composed of a colloidal suspension of gamma-Fe 2O 3 nanoparticles. The average hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticles measured by dynamic light scattering measurements was 16 nm. The observed zeta potential of +40 mV (at pH 4) results in a long-term stability of the colloidal dispersion. The behavior of the different monolayer/nanoparticle composites were studied with surface pressure/area (pi/ A) isotherms. The adsorption of the nanoparticles under the different monolayers induced an expansion of the monolayers. These phenomena depended on the charge of the monolayers. After the Langmuir/Blodgett transfer on glass substrates, the nanoparticle/monolayer composite films were studied by means of UV-vis spectroscopy. The spectra pointed to increasing adsorption of the nanoparticles with increasing electronegativity of the monolayers. On the basis of these results, we studied the in situ adsorption of nanoparticles under the different monolayers by X-ray reflectivity measurements. Electron density profiles of the liquid/gas interfaces were obtained from the X-ray reflectivity data. The results gave clear evidence for the presence of electrostatic interaction between the differently charged monolayers and the positively charged nanoparticles. While the adsorption process was favored by the negatively charged stearic acid monolayer, the positively charged layer of stearyl amine prevented the formation of ultrathin nanoparticle layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Degen
- Fakultat Chemie, Physikalische Chemie II, Technische Universitat Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Deutschland
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Bonini M, Lenz S, Falletta E, Ridi F, Carretti E, Fratini E, Wiedenmann A, Baglioni P. Acrylamide-based magnetic nanosponges: a new smart nanocomposite material. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:12644-12650. [PMID: 18844385 DOI: 10.1021/la802425k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite materials consisting of CoFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles and a polyethylene glycol-acrylamide gel matrix have been synthesized. The structure of such materials was studied by means of small-angle scattering of X-rays and polarized neutrons, showing that the CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully and homogeneously embedded in the gel structure. Magnetic, viscoelastic, and water retention properties of the nanocomposite gel confirm that the properties of both nanoparticles and gel are combined in the resulting nanomagnetic gel. Scanning electron microscopy highlights the nanocomposite nature of the material, showing the presence of a gel structure with different pore size distributions (pores with micron and nano-size distributions) that can be used as active sponge-like nanomagnetic container for water-based formulations as oil-in-water microemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bonini
- Department of Chemistry and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Chen Q, Boothroyd C, Tan GH, Sutanto N, Soutar AM, Zeng XT. Silica coating of nanoparticles by the sonogel process. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:650-653. [PMID: 18184022 DOI: 10.1021/la703872k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A modified aqueous sol-gel route was developed using ultrasonic power for the silica coating of indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles. In this approach, organosilane with an amino functional group was first used to cover the surface of as-received nanoparticles. Subsequent silica coating was initiated and sustained under power ultrasound irradiation in an aqueous mixture of surface-treated particles and epoxy silane. This process resulted in a thin but homogeneous coverage of silica on the particle surface. Particles coated with a layer of silica show better dispersability in aqueous and organic media compared with the untreated powder. Samples were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the zeta potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Chen
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 71 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 638075.
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