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Ding J, Wei C, Xu Y, Dai W, Chen R. 3D printing of Ceffe-infused scaffolds for tailored nipple-like cartilage development. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:25. [PMID: 38689309 PMCID: PMC11059701 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The reconstruction of a stable, nipple-shaped cartilage graft that precisely matches the natural nipple in shape and size on the contralateral side is a clinical challenge. While 3D printing technology can efficiently and accurately manufacture customized complex structures, it faces limitations due to inadequate blood supply, which hampers the stability of nipple-shaped cartilage grafts produced using this technology. To address this issue, we employed a biodegradable biomaterial, Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), loaded with Cell-Free Fat Extract (Ceffe). Ceffe has demonstrated the ability to promote angiogenesis and cell proliferation, making it an ideal bio-ink for bioprinting precise nipple-shaped cartilage grafts. We utilized the Ceffe/PLGA scaffold to create a porous structure with a precise nipple shape. This scaffold exhibited favorable porosity and pore size, ensuring stable shape maintenance and satisfactory biomechanical properties. Importantly, it could release Ceffe in a sustained manner. Our in vitro results confirmed the scaffold's good biocompatibility and its ability to promote angiogenesis, as evidenced by supporting chondrocyte proliferation and endothelial cell migration and tube formation. Furthermore, after 8 weeks of in vivo culture, the Ceffe/PLGA scaffold seeded with chondrocytes regenerated into a cartilage support structure with a precise nipple shape. Compared to the pure PLGA group, the Ceffe/PLGA scaffold showed remarkable vascular formation, highlighting the beneficial effects of Ceffe. These findings suggest that our designed Ceffe/PLGA scaffold with a nipple shape represents a promising strategy for precise nipple-shaped cartilage regeneration, laying a foundation for subsequent nipple reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Ding
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (Hainan General Hospital), Haikou, China
| | - Chuanzhi Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (Hainan General Hospital), Haikou, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wufei Dai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ru Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (Hainan General Hospital), Haikou, China.
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Stepanova M, Averianov I, Gofman I, Shevchenko N, Rubinstein A, Egorova T, Trulioff A, Nashchekina Y, Kudryavtsev I, Demyanova E, Korzhikova-Vlakh E, Korzhikov-Vlakh V. Drug Loaded 3D-Printed Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Scaffolds for Local Antibacterial or Anti-Inflammatory Treatment in Bone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3957. [PMID: 37836006 PMCID: PMC10575412 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Annual bone grafting surgeries due to bone fractures, resections of affected bones, skeletal anomalies, osteoporosis, etc. exceed two million worldwide. In this regard, the creation of new materials for bone tissue repair is one of the urgent tasks of modern medicine. Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, offers great opportunities for the development of materials with diverse properties and designs. In this study, the one-pot technique for the production of 3D scaffolds based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) loaded with an antibiotic or anti-inflammatory drug was proposed. In contrast to previously described methods to prepare drug-containing scaffolds, drug-loaded PCL scaffolds were prepared by direct 3D printing from a polymer/drug blend. An investigation of the mechanical properties of 3D-printed scaffolds containing 0.5-5 wt% ciprofloxacin (CIP) or dexamethasone (DEX) showed almost no effect of the drug (compression modulus ~70-90 MPa) compared to unfilled PCL (74 MPa). At the same time, introducing the drug and increasing its content in the PCL matrix contributed to a 1.8-6.8-fold decrease in the specific surface area of the scaffold, depending on composition. The release of CIP and DEX in phosphate buffer solution and in the same buffer containing lipase revealed a faster release in enzyme-containing medium within 45 days. Furthermore, drug release was more intensive from scaffolds with a low drug load. Analysis of the release profiles using a number of mathematical dissolution models led to the conclusion that diffusion dominates over other probable factors. In vitro biological evaluation of the scaffolds containing DEX showed moderate toxicity against osteoblast-like and leukemia monocytic cells. Being 3D-printed together with PCL both drugs retain their biological activity. PCL/CIP and PCL/DEX scaffolds demonstrated antibacterial properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (a total inhibition after 48 h) and anti-inflammatory activity in experiments on TNFα-activated monocyte cells (a 4-time reduction in CD-54 expression relative to control), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Stepanova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (I.A.); (I.G.); (N.S.); (E.K.-V.)
| | - Ilia Averianov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (I.A.); (I.G.); (N.S.); (E.K.-V.)
| | - Iosif Gofman
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (I.A.); (I.G.); (N.S.); (E.K.-V.)
| | - Natalia Shevchenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (I.A.); (I.G.); (N.S.); (E.K.-V.)
| | - Artem Rubinstein
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.R.); (A.T.); (I.K.)
| | - Tatiana Egorova
- State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations FMBA of Russia, 197110 St. Petersburg, Russia; (T.E.); (E.D.)
| | - Andrey Trulioff
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.R.); (A.T.); (I.K.)
| | - Yulia Nashchekina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Igor Kudryavtsev
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.R.); (A.T.); (I.K.)
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Elena Demyanova
- State Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations FMBA of Russia, 197110 St. Petersburg, Russia; (T.E.); (E.D.)
| | - Evgenia Korzhikova-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (I.A.); (I.G.); (N.S.); (E.K.-V.)
| | - Viktor Korzhikov-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (I.A.); (I.G.); (N.S.); (E.K.-V.)
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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3
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Chen YW, Shie MY, Chang WC, Shen YF. Approximate Optimization Study of Light Curing Waterborne Polyurethane Materials for the Construction of 3D Printed Cytocompatible Cartilage Scaffolds. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226804. [PMID: 34832205 PMCID: PMC8626041 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage, which is a white transparent tissue with 1–2 mm thickness, is located in the interface between the two hard bones. The main functions of articular cartilage are stress transmission, absorption, and friction reduction. The cartilage cannot be repaired and regenerated once it has been damaged, and it needs to be replaced by artificial joints. Many approaches, such as artificial joint replacement, hyaluronic acid injection, microfracture surgery and cartilage tissue engineering have been applied in clinical treatment. Basically, some of these approaches are foreign material implantation for joint replacement to reach the goal of pain reduction and mechanism support. This study demonstrated another frontier in the research of cartilage reconstruction by applying regeneration medicine additive manufacturing (3D Printing) and stem cell technology. Light curing materials have been modified and tested to be printable and cytocompatible for stem cells in this research. Design of experiments (DOE) is adapted in this investigation to search for the optimal manufacturing parameter for biocompatible scaffold fabrication and stem cell attachment and growth. Based on the results, an optimal working process of biocompatible and printable scaffolds for cartilage regeneration is reported. We expect this study will facilitate the development of cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chen
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (M.-Y.S.); (W.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
| | - Ming-You Shie
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (M.-Y.S.); (W.-C.C.)
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Chang
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (M.-Y.S.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Yu-Fang Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
- High Performance Materials Institute for xD Printing, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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4
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Stepanova M, Solomakha O, Rabchinskii M, Averianov I, Gofman I, Nashchekina Y, Antonov G, Smirnov A, Ber B, Nashchekin A, Korzhikova-Vlakh E. Aminated Graphene-Graft-Oligo(Glutamic Acid) /Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Composites: Preparation, Characterization and Biological Evaluation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2628. [PMID: 34451168 PMCID: PMC8401938 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable and biocompatible composites are of great interest as biomedical materials for various regeneration processes such as the regeneration of bones, cartilage and soft tissues. Modification of the filler surface can improve its compatibility with the polymer matrix, and, as a result, the characteristics and properties of composite materials. This work is devoted to the synthesis and modification of aminated graphene with oligomers of glutamic acid and their use for the preparation of composite materials based on poly(ε-caprolactone). Ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride of glutamic acid γ-benzyl ester was used to graft oligomers of glutamic acid from the surface of aminated graphene. The success of the modification was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, the dispersions of neat and modified aminated graphene were analyzed by dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering to monitor changes in the characteristics due to modification. The poly(ε-caprolactone) films filled with neat and modified aminated graphene were manufactured and carefully characterized for their mechanical and biological properties. Grafting of glutamic acid oligomers from the surface of aminated graphene improved the distribution of the filler in the polymer matrix that, in turn, positively affected the mechanical properties of composite materials in comparison to ones containing the unmodified filler. Moreover, the modification improved the biocompatibility of the filler with human MG-63 osteoblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Stepanova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Solomakha
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim Rabchinskii
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilia Averianov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Iosif Gofman
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yuliya Nashchekina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Grigorii Antonov
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksey Smirnov
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris Ber
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksey Nashchekin
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgenia Korzhikova-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Designing self-crosslinkable ternary blends using epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)/poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid)(EAA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) demonstrating triple-shape memory behavior. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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6
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Shams M, Karimi M, Heydari M, Salimi A. Nanocomposite scaffolds composed of Apacite (apatite-calcite) nanostructures, poly (ε-caprolactone) and poly (2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate): The effect of nanostructures on physico-mechanical properties and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 117:111271. [PMID: 32919635 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite scaffolds were fabricated from poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL), Poly (2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA), and Apacite (Apatite-calcite) nanostructures (15 and 25 wt%). The nanoscale structure, physical and chemical properties, mechanical properties, hydrophilic behavior, degradability and osteogenic properties of the fabricated scaffolds were evaluated. The results showed that the mechanical strength, degradation, wetting ability, and mechanical strength of PCL-PHEMA scaffolds significantly increases upon inclusion of Apacite nanoparticles up to 25 wt%. Accordingly, the best mechanical values (E ~ 7.109 MPa and σ ~ 0.414 MPa) and highest degradability (32% within 96 h) were recorded for PCL-PHEMA scaffolds containing 25 wt% of Apacite. Furthermore, highest porosity and roughness were observed in the PCL-PHEMA/25% Apacite as a result of the Apacite nanoparticles inclusion. There was no cytotoxicity recorded for the fabricated scaffolds based on the results obtained from MTT assay and acridine orange staining. Alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium content quantification, Van Kossa staining, FESEM and real time PCR tests confirmed the biomineralization, and the differentiation potential of the nanocomposite scaffolds. Overall, the 3D structure, optimum porosity and balanced dissolution rate of PCL-PHEMA/25% Apacite providing a balanced microenvironment resulted in improved cell adhesion, cell behavior, and replication, as well as osteogenic induction of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shams
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimi
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Heydari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Levit M, Zashikhina N, Dobrodumov A, Kashina A, Tarasenko I, Panarin E, Fiorucci S, Korzhikova-Vlakh E, Tennikova T. Synthesis and characterization of well-defined poly(2-deoxy-2-methacrylamido-d-glucose) and its biopotential block copolymers via RAFT and ROP polymerization. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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8
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Hsieh YH, Shen BY, Wang YH, Lin B, Lee HM, Hsieh MF. Healing of Osteochondral Defects Implanted with Biomimetic Scaffolds of Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Hydroxyapatite and Glycidyl-Methacrylate-Modified Hyaluronic Acid in a Minipig. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1125. [PMID: 29642550 PMCID: PMC5979374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a structure lack of vascular distribution. Once the cartilage is injured or diseased, it is unable to regenerate by itself. Surgical treatments do not effectively heal defects in articular cartilage. Tissue engineering is the most potential solution to this problem. In this study, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) and hydroxyapatite at a weight ratio of 2:1 were mixed via fused deposition modeling (FDM) layer by layer to form a solid scaffold. The scaffolds were further infiltrated with glycidyl methacrylate hyaluronic acid loading with 10 ng/mL of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and photo cross-linked on top of the scaffolds. An in vivo test was performed on the knees of Lanyu miniature pigs for a period of 12 months. The healing process of the osteochondral defects was followed by computer tomography (CT). The defect was fully covered with regenerated tissues in the control pig, while different tissues were grown in the defect of knee of the experimental pig. In the gross anatomy of the cross section, the scaffold remained in the subchondral location, while surface cartilage was regenerated. The cross section of the knees of both the control and experimental pigs were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining. The cartilage of the knee in the experimental pig was partially matured, e.g., few chondrocyte cells were enclosed in the lacunae. In the knee of the control pig, the defect was fully grown with fibrocartilage. In another in vivo experiment in a rabbit and a pig, the composite of the TGF-β1-loaded hydrogel and scaffolds was found to regenerate hyaline cartilage. However, scaffolds that remain in the subchondral lesion potentially delay the healing process. Therefore, the structural design of the scaffold should be reconsidered to match the regeneration process of both cartilage and subchondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ho Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Min-Sheng General Hospital, 168, Ching Kuo Road, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan.
| | - Bo-Yuan Shen
- Mater Program for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Horng Wang
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, 306, Yuanpei Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Bojain Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, No. 168, Zhongxing Road, Longtan District, Taoyuan City 325, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Maan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi General Hospital, No. 707, Sec. 3, Chung Yang Road, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Fa Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
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Hsieh YH, Hsieh MF, Fang CH, Jiang CP, Lin B, Lee HM. Osteochondral Regeneration Induced by TGF-β Loaded Photo Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Infiltrated in Fused Deposition-Manufactured Composite Scaffold of Hydroxyapatite and Poly (Ethylene Glycol)-Block-Poly(ε-Caprolactone). Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E182. [PMID: 30970861 PMCID: PMC6432077 DOI: 10.3390/polym9050182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to report the fabrication of porous scaffolds with pre-designed internal pores using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a suitable material for the FDM method due to the fact it can be melted and has adequate flexural modulus and strength to be formed into a filament. In our study, the filaments of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) having terminal groups of carboxylic acid were deposited layer by layer. Raw materials having a weight ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAp) to polymer of 1:2 was used for FDM. To promote cell adhesion, amino groups of the Arg-Gly-Asp(RGD) peptide were condensed with the carboxylic groups on the surface of the fabricated scaffold. Then the scaffold was infiltrated with hydrogel of glycidyl methacrylate hyaluronic acid loading with 10 ng/mL of TGF-β1 and photo cross-linked on the top of the scaffolds. Serious tests of mechanical and biological properties were performed in vitro. HAp was found to significantly increase the compressive strength of the porous scaffolds. Among three orientations of the filaments, the lay down pattern 0°/90° scaffolds exhibited the highest compressive strength. Fluorescent staining of the cytoskeleton found that the osteoblast-like cells and stem cells well spread on RGD-modified PEG-PCL film indicating a favorable surface for the proliferation of cells. An in vivo test was performed on rabbit knee. The histological sections indicated that the bone and cartilage defects produced in the knees were fully healed 12 weeks after the implantation of the TGF-β1 loaded hydrogel and scaffolds, and regenerated cartilage was hyaline cartilage as indicated by alcian blue and periodic acid-schiff double staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ho Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Min-Sheng General Hospital, 168, ChingKuo Rd, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Fa Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsiang Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
| | - Cho-Pei Jiang
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Formosa University, Yunlin County 632, Taiwan.
| | - Bojain Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, No. 168, Zhongxing Road, Longtan District, Taoyuan City 325, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Maan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi General Hospital, No. 707, Sec. 3, Chung Yang Rd, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
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10
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Ngadiman NHA, Noordin MY, Idris A, Kurniawan D. A review of evolution of electrospun tissue engineering scaffold: From two dimensions to three dimensions. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2017; 231:597-616. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411917699021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The potential of electrospinning process to fabricate ultrafine fibers as building blocks for tissue engineering scaffolds is well recognized. The scaffold construct produced by electrospinning process depends on the quality of the fibers. In electrospinning, material selection and parameter setting are among many factors that contribute to the quality of the ultrafine fibers, which eventually determine the performance of the tissue engineering scaffolds. The major challenge of conventional electrospun scaffolds is the nature of electrospinning process which can only produce two-dimensional electrospun mats, hence limiting their applications. Researchers have started to focus on overcoming this limitation by combining electrospinning with other techniques to fabricate three-dimensional scaffold constructs. This article reviews various polymeric materials and their composites/blends that have been successfully electrospun for tissue engineering scaffolds, their mechanical properties, and the various parameters settings that influence the fiber morphology. This review also highlights the secondary processes to electrospinning that have been used to develop three-dimensional tissue engineering scaffolds as well as the steps undertaken to overcome electrospinning limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - MY Noordin
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Ani Idris
- Faculty of Chemical & Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Denni Kurniawan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia
- Department of Mechanical, Robotics and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Kao MS, Wang Y, Marito S, Huang S, Lin WZ, Gangoiti JA, Barshop BA, Hyun C, Lee WR, Sanford JA, Gallo RL, Ran Y, Chen WT, Huang CJ, Hsieh MF, Huang CM. The mPEG-PCL Copolymer for Selective Fermentation of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Against Candida parapsilosis in the Human Microbiome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 8:259-265. [PMID: 28111598 PMCID: PMC5243119 DOI: 10.4172/1948-5948.1000295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Many human skin diseases, such as seborrheic dermatitis, potentially occur due to the over-growth of fungi. It remains a challenge to develop fungicides with a lower risk of generating resistant fungi and non-specifically killing commensal microbes. Our probiotic approaches using a selective fermentation initiator of skin commensal bacteria, fermentation metabolites or their derivatives provide novel therapeutics to rein in the over-growth of fungi. Staphylococcus lugdunensis (S. lugdunensis) bacteria and Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis) fungi coexist in the scalp microbiome. S. lugdunensis interfered with the growth of C. parapsilosis via fermentation. A methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) copolymer functioned as a selective fermentation initiator of S. lugdunensis, selectively triggering the S. lugdunensis fermentation to produce acetic and isovaleric acids. The acetic acid and its pro-drug diethyleneglycol diacetate (Ac-DEG-Ac) effectively suppressed the growth of C. parapsilosis in vitro and impeded the fungal expansion in the human dandruff. We demonstrate for the first time that S. lugdunensis is a skin probiotic bacterium that can exploit mPEG-PCL to yield fungicidal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The concept of bacterial fermentation as a part of skin immunity to re-balance the dysbiotic microbiome warrants a novel avenue for studying the probiotic function of the skin microbiome in promoting health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shan Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yanhan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shinta Marito
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Wan-Zhen Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jon A Gangoiti
- Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bruce A Barshop
- Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Choi Hyun
- Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Woan-Ruah Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - James A Sanford
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Richard L Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yuping Ran
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wan-Tzu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fa Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Huang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center; University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Koupaei N, Karkhaneh A. Porous crosslinked polycaprolactone hydroxyapatite networks for bone tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13:251-260. [PMID: 30603406 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-9061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, porous scaffolds were produced by a thermal crosslinking of polycaprolactone diacrylate in the presence of hydroxyapatite (HA) and particulate leaching technique with sodium chloride as the water soluble porogen for bone tissue engineering applications. The prepared scaffolds were characterized using techniques such as Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Moreover, dynamic mechanical properties were investigated using Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis. The obtained scaffolds present a porous structure with interconnected pores and porosity around 73%. It was found that the incorporation of HA particles to polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix resulted in an increased crystallinity. Moreover, both the storage modulus (E') and glass transition temperature (Tg) increased, while the loss factor (tan δ) decreased due to the hindrance of the HA particles to the mobility of polymer segments. Cytocompatability of the scaffolds was assessed by MTT assay and cell attachment studies. Osteoconductivity of the scaffolds was investigated with cells alkaline phosphatase extraction. The levels of alkaline phosphatase activity were found to be higher for PCL/HA network scaffold than for PCL network scaffold. In addition, cytocompatibility of the PCL/HA network scaffold indicated no toxicity, and cells were attached and spread to the scaffold walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Koupaei
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Karkhaneh
- 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, 15875-4413 Iran
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Preparation, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Poly(Glutamic Acid)-b-Polyphenylalanine Polymersomes. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8060212. [PMID: 30979309 PMCID: PMC6432269 DOI: 10.3390/polym8060212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Different types of amphiphilic macromolecular structures have been developed within recent decades to prepare the polymer particles considered as drug delivery systems. In the present research the series of amphiphilic block-copolymers containing poly(glutamatic acid) as hydrophilic, and polyphenylalanine as hydrophobic blocks was synthesized and characterized. Molecular weights for homo- and copolymers were determined by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) and amino acid analysis, respectively. The copolymers obtained were applied for preparation of polymer particles. The specific morphology of prepared polymerosomes was proved using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The influence on particle size of polymer concentration and pH used for self-assembly, as well as on the length of hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks of applied copolymers, was studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Depending on different experimental conditions, the formation of nanoparticles with sizes from 60 to 350 nm was observed. The surface of polymersomes was modified with model protein (enzyme). No loss in biocatalytic activity was detected. Additionally, the process of encapsulation of model dyes was developed and the possibility of intracellular delivery of the dye-loaded nanoparticles was proved. Thus, the nanoparticles discussed can be considered for the creation of modern drug delivery systems.
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Koupaei N, Karkhaneh A, Daliri Joupari M. Preparation and characterization of (PCL-crosslinked-PEG)/hydroxyapatite as bone tissue engineering scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:3919-26. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Koupaei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch; Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | - Akbar Karkhaneh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic); Tehran Iran
| | - Morteza Daliri Joupari
- Department of Animal and Marine Biotechnology; National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; Tehran Iran
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