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Černý M, Petruš J, Chamradová I. The Influence of Porosity on Mechanical Properties of PUR-Based Composites: Experimentally Derived Mathematical Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081960. [PMID: 37112105 PMCID: PMC10141045 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The work is focused on the mechanical behavior description of porous filled composites that is not based on simulations or exact physical models, including different assumptions and simplifications with further comparison with real behavior of materials with different extents of accordance. The proposed process begins by measurement and further fitting of data by spatial exponential function zc = zm · p1b · p2c, where zc/zm is mechanical property value for composite/nonporous matrix, p1/p2 are suitable dimensionless structural parameters (equal to 1 for nonporous matrix) and b/c are exponents ensuring the best fitting. The fitting is followed by interpolation of b and c, which are logarithmic variables based on the observed mechanical property value of nonporous matrix with additions of further properties of matrix in some cases. The work is dedicated to the utilization of further suitable pairs of structural parameters to one pair published earlier. The proposed mathematical approach was demonstrated for PUR/rubber composites with a wide range of rubber filling, various porosity, and different polyurethane matrices. The mechanical properties derived from tensile testing included elastic modulus, ultimate strength and strain, and energy need for ultimate strain achievement. The proposed relationships between structure/composition and mechanical behavior seem to be suitable for materials containing randomly shaped filler particles and voids and, therefore, could be universal (and also hold materials with less complicated microstructure) after potential following and more exact research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Černý
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials Science, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Petruš
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials Science, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Chamradová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Segi N, Nakashima H, Shinjo R, Kagami Y, Machino M, Ito S, Ouchida J, Morishita K, Oishi R, Yamauchi I, Imagama S. Vertebral Endplate Concavity in Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Tapered 3D-Printed Porous Titanium Cage versus Squared PEEK Cage. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020372. [PMID: 36837573 PMCID: PMC9967078 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: To prevent postoperative problems in extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF), it is critical that the vertebral endplate not be injured. Unintentional endplate injuries may depend on the cage. A novel porous titanium cage for XLIF has improved geometry with a tapered tip and smooth surface. We hypothesized that this new cage should lead to fewer endplate injuries. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 32 patients (mean 74.1 ± 6.7 years, 22 females) who underwent anterior and posterior combined surgery with XLIF for lumbar degenerative disease or adult spinal deformity from January 2018 to June 2022. A tapered 3D porous titanium cage (3DTi; 11 patients) and a squared PEEK cage (sPEEK; 21 patients) were used. Spinal alignment values were measured on X-ray images. Vertebral endplate concavity (VEC) was defined as concavity ≥ 1 mm of the endplate on computed tomography (CT) images, which were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 week and 3 months postoperatively. Results: There were no significant differences in the patient demographic data and preoperative and 3-month postoperative spinal alignments between the groups. A 3DTi was used for 25 levels and an sPEEK was used for 38 levels. Preoperative local lordotic angles were 4.3° for 3DTi vs. 4.7° for sPEEK (p = 0.90), which were corrected to 12.3° and 9.1° (p = 0.029), respectively. At 3 months postoperatively, the angles were 11.6° for 3DTi and 8.2° for sPEEK (p = 0.013). VEC was present in 2 levels (8.0%) for 3DTi vs. 17 levels (45%) for sPEEK (p = 0.002). After 3 months postoperatively, none of the 3DTi had VEC progression; however, eight (21%) levels in sPEEK showed VEC progression (p = 0.019). Conclusions: The novel 3DTi cage reduced endplate injuries by reducing the endplate load during cage insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Segi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo 446-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakashima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-741-2111
| | - Ryuichi Shinjo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo 446-8602, Japan
| | - Yujiro Kagami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo 446-8602, Japan
| | - Masaaki Machino
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Sadayuki Ito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Jun Ouchida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Morishita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Oishi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Ippei Yamauchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
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Abhash A, Singh P, Kumar R, Pandey S, Sathaiah S, Md Shafeeq M, Mondal DP. Effect of Al addition and space holder content on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti2Co alloys foams for bone scaffold application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 109:110600. [PMID: 32228994 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ti2Co alloy (with and without Al) foam of varying densities were prepared through space holder technique, in which space holder varied from 40 to 70 vol% and Al-concentration varied from 0 to 6 wt% with an enhancement of 2 wt%. The prepared foam samples were analysed in terms of microstructure, phase analysis and mechanical properties. The sizes of pores in the foams come to be almost similar to that of space holder. An increase in the amount of Al resulted in enhancement of the mechanical properties such as comprehensive strength, plateau stress, energy absorption capacity, hardness and Young's modulus due to increase in solid solution strengthening and variation in morphology of eutectoid phase. Also, these values are found to be predictable with the generalized relation through adjustment of the fraction of materials at cell edges and cell walls. The openness of the investigated foams was calculated to obtain degree of openness. The corrosion rate was calculated for each sample of Ti2Co alloys foams and compared with the reported values. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the prepared foams were also compared with that of the human bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Abhash
- AcSIR AMPRI (Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute), Bhopal 462026, India.
| | - Pradeep Singh
- AcSIR AMPRI (Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute), Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- CSIR Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Shailey Pandey
- Barkatullah University-Department of Microbiology, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Sriram Sathaiah
- CSIR Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - M Md Shafeeq
- CSIR Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - D P Mondal
- AcSIR AMPRI (Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute), Bhopal 462026, India; CSIR Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal 462026, India.
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4
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A new approach to the structure–properties relationship evaluation for porous polymer composites. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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5
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The Effect of Vacuum Leak Rate on Sintering of Porous Titanium Scaffold. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2019.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Li J, Jansen JA, Walboomers XF, van den Beucken JJ. Mechanical aspects of dental implants and osseointegration: A narrative review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 103:103574. [PMID: 32090904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
With the need of rapid healing and long-term stability of dental implants, the existing Ti-based implant materials do not meet completely the current expectation of patients. Low elastic modulus Ti-alloys have shown superior biocompatibility and can achieve comparable or even faster bone formation in vivo at the interface of bone and the implant. Porous structured Ti alloys have shown to allow rapid bone ingrowth through their open structure and to achieve anchorage with bone tissue by increasing the bone-implant interface area. In addition to the mechanical properties of implant materials, the design of the implant body can be used to optimize load transfer and affect the ultimate results of osseointegration. The aim of this narrative review is to define the mechanical properties of dental implants, summarize the relationship between implant stability and osseointegration, discuss the effect of metallic implant mechanical properties (e.g. stiffness and porosity) on the bone response based on existing in vitro and in vivo information, and analyze load transfer through mechanical properties of the implant body. This narrative review concluded that although several studies have presented the advantages of low elastic modulus or high porosity alloys and their effect on osseointegration, further in vivo studies, especially long-term observational studies are needed to justify these novel materials as a replacement for current Ti-based implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmeng Li
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboudumc, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, Nijmegen, HB, the Netherlands
| | - John A Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboudumc, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, Nijmegen, HB, the Netherlands
| | - X Frank Walboomers
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboudumc, P.O. Box 9101, 6500, Nijmegen, HB, the Netherlands
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Abrahamsson P, Wälivaara DÅ, Anderud J, Jimbo R. Vertical bone augmentation with titanium granule blocks in rabbit calvaria. Clin Exp Dent Res 2018; 3:100-106. [PMID: 29744186 PMCID: PMC5719821 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether it is possible to vertically augment bone utilizing a block graft from compressed titanium granules mainly used previously for contained bone defects and to determine whether there exists a difference in osteoconductive properties between the white and the grey granules. In 11 rabbits, 4 titanium blocks were inserted on each rabbit's skull bone according to a randomized scheme. These blocks were made from standardized compressed titanium granules. Type A: PTG grey, small granules (Pourus Titanium Granules, Tigran, Malmö, Sweden); Type B: PTG grey, large granules; Type C: PTG white, small granules; Type D: PTG white large granules. After 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and specimens were collected for histology and μCT scanning. From both the μCT and histology, it can be said that bone formation was successfully achieved for all groups, and the granules maintained their volume. The histomorphometric BA (bone area) evaluation in the entire grafted area presented that there were no statistical differences between all groups tested. The lowest 1/4 BA in contact with the rabbit skull presented that groups A and C presented the highest mean BA, and group A presented significantly higher BA than that of group D (p = 0,049). No significant differences were noted between groups A, B and C. Within the limitation of this study, no differences were noted between small white or grey PTG blocks. The large granules presented less bone ingrowth area compared to the small granules and this trend was regardless of the different PTG types. The entire grafted area was not filled with new bone suggesting that bone migration occurred mostly from the existing cortical bone side suggesting contact osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ryo Jimbo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine Malmö University SE Sweden
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Chen Y, Frith JE, Dehghan-Manshadi A, Kent D, Bermingham M, Dargusch M. Biocompatible porous titanium scaffolds produced using a novel space holder technique. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 106:2796-2806. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Chen
- Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM); The University of Queensland; St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Jessica Ellen Frith
- Materials Science and Engineering; Monash University; Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Ali Dehghan-Manshadi
- Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM); The University of Queensland; St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Damon Kent
- Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM); The University of Queensland; St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- School of Science and Engineering; University of the Sunshine Coast; Maroochydore DC Queensland 4558 Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Advanced Manufacturing of Medical Devices
| | - Michael Bermingham
- Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM); The University of Queensland; St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Advanced Manufacturing of Medical Devices
| | - Matthew Dargusch
- Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM); The University of Queensland; St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Advanced Manufacturing of Medical Devices
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9
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Rao X, Li J, Feng X, Chu C. Bone-like apatite growth on controllable macroporous titanium scaffolds coated with microporous titania. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 77:225-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Hedayati R, Sadighi M, Mohammadi-Aghdam M, Hosseini-Toudeshky H. Comparison of elastic properties of open-cell metallic biomaterials with different unit cell types. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:386-398. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Hedayati
- Mechanical Engineering Department; Amirkabir University of Technology, Hafez Ave; Tehran Iran
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering; Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2; 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands
| | - Mojtaba Sadighi
- Mechanical Engineering Department; Amirkabir University of Technology, Hafez Ave; Tehran Iran
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11
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One-Dimensional Constitutive Model for Porous Titanium Alloy at Various Strain Rates and Temperatures. METALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/met7010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Taniguchi N, Fujibayashi S, Takemoto M, Sasaki K, Otsuki B, Nakamura T, Matsushita T, Kokubo T, Matsuda S. Effect of pore size on bone ingrowth into porous titanium implants fabricated by additive manufacturing: An in vivo experiment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 59:690-701. [PMID: 26652423 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique with the ability to produce metallic scaffolds with accurately controlled pore size, porosity, and interconnectivity for orthopedic applications. However, the optimal pore structure of porous titanium manufactured by SLM remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pore size with constant porosity on in vivo bone ingrowth in rabbits into porous titanium implants manufactured by SLM. Three porous titanium implants (with an intended porosity of 65% and pore sizes of 300, 600, and 900μm, designated the P300, P600, and P900 implants, respectively) were manufactured by SLM. A diamond lattice was adapted as the basic structure. Their porous structures were evaluated and verified using microfocus X-ray computed tomography. Their bone-implant fixation ability was evaluated by their implantation as porous-surfaced titanium plates into the cortical bone of the rabbit tibia. Bone ingrowth was evaluated by their implantation as cylindrical porous titanium implants into the cancellous bone of the rabbit femur for 2, 4, and 8weeks. The average pore sizes of the P300, P600, and P900 implants were 309, 632, and 956μm, respectively. The P600 implant demonstrated a significantly higher fixation ability at 2weeks than the other implants. After 4weeks, all models had sufficiently high fixation ability in a detaching test. Bone ingrowth into the P300 implant was lower than into the other implants at 4weeks. Because of its appropriate mechanical strength, high fixation ability, and rapid bone ingrowth, our results indicate that the pore structure of the P600 implant is a suitable porous structure for orthopedic implants manufactured by SLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Fujibayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Mitsuru Takemoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Kiyoyuki Sasaki
- Sagawa Printing Co., Ltd., 5-3, Inui, Morimoto-Cho, Mukou-Shi, Kyoto 617-8588, Japan.
| | - Bungo Otsuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Mukaihatacho, Hukakusa, Hushimi, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan.
| | - Tomiharu Matsushita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Kokubo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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Sarkar SK, Lee BT. Hard tissue regeneration using bone substitutes: an update on innovations in materials. Korean J Intern Med 2015; 30:279-93. [PMID: 25995658 PMCID: PMC4438282 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2015.30.3.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a unique organ composed of mineralized hard tissue, unlike any other body part. The unique manner in which bone can constantly undergo self-remodeling has created interesting clinical approaches to the healing of damaged bone. Healing of large bone defects is achieved using implant materials that gradually integrate with the body after healing is completed. Such strategies require a multidisciplinary approach by material scientists, biological scientists, and clinicians. Development of materials for bone healing and exploration of the interactions thereof with the body are active research areas. In this review, we explore ongoing developments in the creation of materials for regenerating hard tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Sarkar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Byong Taek Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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Rubshtein AP, Makarova EB, Rinkevich AB, Medvedeva DS, Yakovenkova LI, Vladimirov AB. Elastic properties of a porous titanium-bone tissue composite. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 52:54-60. [PMID: 25953540 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The porous titanium implants were introduced into the condyles of tibias and femurs of sheep. New bone tissue fills the pore, and the porous titanium-new bone tissue composite is formed. The duration of composite formation was 4, 8, 24 and 52 weeks. The formed composites were extracted from the bone and subjected to a compression test. The Young's modulus was calculated using the measured stress-strain curve. The time dependence of the Young's modulus of the composite was obtained. After 4 weeks the new bone tissue that filled the pores does not affect the elastic properties of implants. After 24 and 52 weeks the Young's modulus increases by 21-34% and 62-136%, respectively. The numerical calculations of the elasticity of porous titanium-new bone tissue composite were conducted using a simple polydisperse model that is based on the consideration of heterogeneous structure as a continuous medium with spherical inclusions of different sizes. The kinetics of the change in the elasticity of the new bone tissue is presented via the intermediate characteristics, namely the relative ultimate tensile strength or proportion of mature bone tissue in the bone tissue. The calculated and experimentally measured values of the Young's modulus of the composite are in good agreement after 8 weeks of composite formation. The properties of the porous titanium-new bone tissue composites can only be predicted when data on the properties of new bone tissue are available after 8 weeks of contact between the implant and the native bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Rubshtein
- M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18S. Kovalevskaya St., Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia.
| | - E B Makarova
- V.D. Chaklin Ural Scientific & Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, 7 Bankovskiy per., Ekaterinburg 620014, Russia
| | - A B Rinkevich
- M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18S. Kovalevskaya St., Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - D S Medvedeva
- M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18S. Kovalevskaya St., Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - L I Yakovenkova
- M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18S. Kovalevskaya St., Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - A B Vladimirov
- M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18S. Kovalevskaya St., Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia
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15
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Zhou R, Wei D, Yang H, Cheng S, Feng W, Li B, Wang Y, Jia D, Zhou Y. Osseointegration of bioactive microarc oxidized amorphous phase/TiO2 nanocrystals composited coatings on titanium after implantation into rabbit tibia. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:1307-1318. [PMID: 24481533 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The amorphous phase/TiO2 nanocrystals (APTN) composited coatings were prepared on Ti implants for biomedical applications. The Ti implants without and with the APTN composited coatings both do not cause any adverse effects after implantation into the rabbit tibia. The osseointegration of Ti implants after covering the APTN coatings is improved pronouncedly, greatly increasing the interface bonding strength between the implants and newly formed bones. In addition, it is interesting that the newly formed bone tissues appear in the micro-pores of the APTN coatings, promoting the interface bonding between the implants and new bones by the mechanical interlock. Moreover, the Ti implant with the APTN coatings formed at higher applied voltage exhibit higher shear strength and displacement during the pushing out experiment probably due to its better osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zhou R, Wei D, Cheng S, Feng W, Du Q, Yang H, Li B, Wang Y, Jia D, Zhou Y. Structure, MC3T3-E1 cell response, and osseointegration of macroporous titanium implants covered by a bioactive microarc oxidation coating with microporous structure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:4797-4811. [PMID: 24579697 DOI: 10.1021/am405680d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Macroporous Ti with macropores of 50-400 μm size is prepared by sintering Ti microbeads with different diameters of 100, 200, 400, and 600 μm. Bioactive microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings with micropores of 2-5 μm size are prepared on the macroporous Ti. The MAO coatings are composed of a few TiO2 nanocrystals and lots of amorphous phases with Si, Ca, Ti, Na, and O elements. Compared to compact Ti, the MC3T3-E1 cell attachment is prolonged on macroporous Ti without and with MAO coatings; however, the cell proliferation number increases. These results are contributed to the effects of the space structure of macroporous Ti and the surface chemical feature and element dissolution of the MAO coatings during the cell culture. Macroporous Ti both without and with MAO coatings does not cause any adverse effects in vivo. The new bone grows well into the macropores and micropores of macroporous Ti with MAO coatings, showing good mechanical properties in vivo compared to Ti, MAO-treated Ti, and macroporous Ti because of its excellent osseointegration. Moreover, the MAO coatings not only show a high interface bonding strength with new bones but also connect well with macroporous Ti. Furthermore, the pushing out force for macroporous Ti with MAO coatings increases significantly with increasing microbead diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
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