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Swarupa S, Thareja P. Techniques, applications and prospects of polysaccharide and protein based biopolymer coatings: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131104. [PMID: 38522703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The growing relevance of sustainable materials has recently led to the exploration of naturally derived biopolymeric hydrogels as coating materials due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, ease of fabrication and modification. Although many review articles exist on biopolymeric coatings, they mainly focus on a specific polysaccharide, protein biopolymer, or a particular application- biomedical engineering or food preservation. The current review first summarizes the commonly used polysaccharide and protein-based biopolymers like chitosan, alginate, carrageenan, pectin, cellulose, starch, pullulan, agarose and silk fibroin, gelatin, respectively, with a systematic description of the techniques widely used for physical coating on substrates. Then, broad applications of these biopolymeric coatings on various substrates in biomedical engineering- 3D scaffolds, biomedical implants, and nanoparticles are described in detail. It also entails the application of biopolymeric coatings for food preservation in the form of food packaging and edible coatings. A brief discussion on the newly discovered interest in exploring biopolymers for anticorrosive coating applications is also included. Finally, concluding remarks on the role of biopolymer microstructures in forming homogeneous coatings, prospective alternatives to the currently used biopolymers as coating material and the advent of computer-aided technologies to expedite experimental findings are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Swarupa
- Biological Sciences and Engineering, IIT Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Prachi Thareja
- Chemical Engineering, Dr. Kiran C. Patel Centre for Sustainable Development, IIT Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India.
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Shao H, Zhang T, Gong Y, He Y. Silver-Containing Biomaterials for Biomedical Hard Tissue Implants. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300932. [PMID: 37300754 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection caused by biomaterials is a very serious problem in the clinical treatment of implants. The emergence of antibiotic resistance has prompted other antibacterial agents to replace traditional antibiotics. Silver is rapidly developing as an antibacterial candidate material to inhibit bone infections due to its significant advantages such as high antibacterial timeliness, high antibacterial efficiency, and less susceptibility to bacterial resistance. However, silver has strong cytotoxicity, which can cause inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress, thereby destroying tissue regeneration, making the application of silver-containing biomaterials extremely challenging. In this paper, the application of silver in biomaterials is reviewed, focusing on the following three issues: 1) how to ensure the excellent antibacterial properties of silver, and not easy to cause bacterial resistance; 2) how to choose the appropriate method to combine silver with biomaterials; 3) how to make silver-containing biomaterials in hard tissue implants have further research. Following a brief introduction, the discussion focuses on the application of silver-containing biomaterials, with an emphasis on the effects of silver on the physicochemical properties, structural properties, and biological properties of biomaterials. Finally, the review concludes with the authors' perspectives on the challenges and future directions of silver in commercialization and in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Shao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Zhejiang Guanlin Machinery Limited Company, Anji, Hangzhou, 313300, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Youping Gong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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3
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Fosca M, Streza A, Antoniac IV, Vadalà G, Rau JV. Ion-Doped Calcium Phosphate-Based Coatings with Antibacterial Properties. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050250. [PMID: 37233360 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion-substituted calcium phosphate (CP) coatings have been extensively studied as promising materials for biomedical implants due to their ability to enhance biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and bone formation. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the art in ion-doped CP-based coatings for orthopaedic and dental implant applications. Specifically, this review evaluates the effects of ion addition on the physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties of CP coatings. The review also identifies the contribution and additional effects (in a separate or a synergistic way) of different components used together with ion-doped CP for advanced composite coatings. In the final part, the effects of antibacterial coatings on specific bacteria strains are reported. The present review could be of interest to researchers, clinicians, and industry professionals involved in the development and application of CP coatings for orthopaedic and dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fosca
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alexandru Streza
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iulian V Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gianluca Vadalà
- Laboratory of Regenerative Orthopaedics, Research Unit of Orthopaedic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Julietta V Rau
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Yang X, Yu Q, Wang X, Gao W, Zhou Y, Yi H, Tang X, Zhao S, Gao F, Tang X. Progress in the application of spray-type antibacterial coatings for disinfection. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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5
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Saghiri MA, Vakhnovetsky J, Vakhnovetsky A, Morgano SM. Functional role of inorganic trace elements in dentin apatite tissue-part III: Se, F, Ag, and B. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 72:126990. [PMID: 35569285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dentin hydroxyapatite possesses a unique versatile structure which allows it to undergo ionic substitutions. Trace elements play pivotal roles within the oral cavity, especially in dentin apatite tissue. Therefore, it is critical to explore the role of these elements in dentin apatite structure. The roles of other inorganic elements in dentin apatite were discussed in part I (Mg, Sr, Zn, and Fe) and part II (Cu, Mn, Si, and Li) of these series. In the last part of the review series, the role of selenium, fluorine, silver, and boron in the regulation of dentin apatite structure and function was discussed. We evaluated how these elements affect the overall size, morphology, and crystallinity of dentin apatite crystals. Moreover, we investigated the importance of these elements in regulating the solubility of dentin apatite. An electronic search was performed on the role of these trace elements in dentin apatite from January 2010 to January 2022. The concentration of selenium in teeth has been explored only recently, particularly its incorporation into dentin apatite. Silver nanomaterials inhibit the growth of cariogenic microorganisms as well as arrest the degradation of collagen. Fluorine was found to have important roles in dentin remineralization and dentinal tubule occlusion, making it widely used for hydroxyapatite doping. Boron is critical for mineralized tissues like bone, dentin, and enamel, but its exact role in dentin apatite is unknown. Therefore, understanding the impact of these elements on dentin apatite is potentially transformative, as it may help to fill a significant knowledge gap in teeth mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Saghiri
- Director, Biomaterial Laboratory and Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States; Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| | - Julia Vakhnovetsky
- Visiting Researcher, Sector of Angiogenesis Regenerative Medicine, Dr. Hajar Afsar Lajevardi Research Cluster (DHAL), Hackensack, NJ, United States; Pre-Dental Student, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Anna Vakhnovetsky
- Pre-Medical Student, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Steven M Morgano
- Chair and Professor, Director and Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
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6
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Structural Characterization of Ion Nitrided 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel: Influence of Treatment Temperature and Time. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ion nitriding behavior of AISI 316L austenite stainless steel was investigated at different nitriding times (2 h, 4 h, and 9 h) and temperatures (450 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C). The structural characterization has been assessed by several considerations which can be listed: (i) the evaluation of phase distribution through Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns and accompanying peak fitting process, (ii) hardness profile and related nitride layer thickness by microhardness and microscopic measurements, and (iii) displacement measurements to assess the residual stress accumulation. The diffusion of nitrogen atomic species into the sample surface caused a transformation of the γ phase matrix into an expanded austenite (γN) phase, which is recognized with its high hardness and wear resistance. Furthermore, depending on the nitriding condition, chromium nitride (Cr1-2N) and iron nitride (ε-Fe2-3N and γ′-Fe4N) phases were detected, which can be detrimental to the corrosion resistance of the 316L austenite stainless steel. The γN phase was observed in all nitriding conditions, resulting in a significant increase in the surface hardness. However, decomposition of the γN phase with an increase in nitriding temperature eventually altered the surface hardness distribution in the nitriding layer. Considering the phase-type and distribution with the consequent hardness characteristics in the nitride layer, to our best knowledge, this is the first report in which an ion-nitriding temperature of 500 °C (higher than 450 °C) and time of 9 h can be proposed as ideal processing parameters leading to optimal phase composition and hardness distribution for 316L austenite stainless steels particularly for the applications requiring a combination of both wear and corrosion resistance.
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Novel Hydroxyapatite Whiskers Modified by Silver Ion and Nano Zinc Oxide Used for Bone Defect Repairment. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11080957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hydroxyapatite (HA) is widely used as bone tissue repair material. The improvement of the antibacterial performance is an aroused general interest. In the present study, the silver ion and nano-zinc oxide modified hydroxyapatite whiskers (HAw) were successfully prepared. The microstructure and the composition of the modified HAw were analyzed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). SEM analysis showed that the length of the whiskers was 70–190 μm, and the aspect ratio was 10–60. With the increase of Ag+ content, the length and aspect ratio of the whiskers gradually decreased and incomplete spherical hydroxyapatite appeared. FEEM analysis showed that nano-zinc oxide particles on ZnO/3Ag-HAw surface are evenly distributed; the average particle size is less than 30 nm. XRD analysis showed that after sol-gel and calcination treatment, the nano-zinc oxide phase appeared in the diffraction pattern of ZnO/Ag-HAw. TEM analysis showed that the interplanar spacing of 5Ag-HAw increased slightly. The CCK-8 and cells co-culture assays were used to assess the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, respectively. The antibacterial abilities of the modified HAw against E. coli (ATCC25922) and S. aureus (ATCC6538) were investigated. The cell cytotoxicity test showed that the cytotoxicity level was 0, and there was no cytotoxicity. Cell adhesion experiments showed that ZnO/3Ag-HAw has good cell compatibility and biological activity. The modified hawthorn has a bacteriostatic rate of more than 90% and has good bacteriostatic activity.
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Effect of Precursor Deficiency Induced Ca/P Ratio on Antibacterial and Osteoblast Adhesion Properties of Ag-Incorporated Hydroxyapatite: Reducing Ag Toxicity. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123158. [PMID: 34201287 PMCID: PMC8227255 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ag-containing hydroxyapatite (HA) can reduce risks associated with bacterial infections which may eventually require additional surgical operations to retrieve a failed implant. The biological properties of HA in such applications are strongly affected by its composition in terms of dopants as well as Ca/P stoichiometry, which can be easily controlled by altering processing parameters, such as precursor concentrations. The objective of this in vitro study was to understand the effect of variations in HA precursor solutions on antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and for promoting osteoblast (bone-forming cell) adhesion on Ag incorporated HA (AgHA) which has not yet been investigated. For this, two groups of AgHAs were synthesized via a precipitation method by adjusting precursor reactants with a stoichiometric value of 1.67, being either (Ca + Ag)/P (Ca-deficient) or Ca/(P + Ag) (P-deficient), and were characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDS. Results showed that Ag+ incorporated into the Ca2+ sites was associated with a corresponding OH− vacancy. Additional incorporation of CO32− into PO43− sites occurred specifically for the P-deficient AgHAs. While antibacterial properties increased, osteoblast adhesion decreased with increasing Ag content for the Ca-deficient AgHAs, as anticipated. In contrast, significant antibacterial properties with good osteoblast behavior were observed on the P-deficient AgHAs even with a lower Ag content, owing to carbonated HA. Thus, this showed that by synthesizing AgHA using P-deficient precursors with carbonate substitution, one can keep the antibacterial properties of Ag in HA while reducing its toxic effect on osteoblasts.
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Innovative Surface Modification Procedures to Achieve Micro/Nano-Graded Ti-Based Biomedical Alloys and Implants. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11060647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to the growing aging population of the world, and as a result of the increasing need for dental implants and prostheses, the use of titanium and its alloys as implant materials has spread rapidly. Although titanium and its alloys are considered the best metallic materials for biomedical applications, the need for innovative technologies is necessary due to the sensitivity of medical applications and to eliminate any potentially harmful reactions, enhancing the implant-to-bone integration and preventing infection. In this regard, the implant’s surface as the substrate for any reaction is of crucial importance, and it is accurately addressed in this review paper. For constructing this review paper, an internet search was performed on the web of science with these keywords: surface modification techniques, titanium implant, biomedical applications, surface functionalization, etc. Numerous recent papers about titanium and its alloys were selected and reviewed, except for the section on forthcoming modern implants, in which extended research was performed. This review paper aimed to briefly introduce the necessary surface characteristics for biomedical applications and the numerous surface treatment techniques. Specific emphasis was given to micro/nano-structured topographies, biocompatibility, osteogenesis, and bactericidal effects. Additionally, gradient, multi-scale, and hierarchical surfaces with multifunctional properties were discussed. Finally, special attention was paid to modern implants and forthcoming surface modification strategies such as four-dimensional printing, metamaterials, and metasurfaces. This review paper, including traditional and novel surface modification strategies, will pave the way toward designing the next generation of more efficient implants.
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Bartmański M, Pawłowski Ł, Belcarz A, Przekora A, Ginalska G, Strugała G, Cieślik BM, Pałubicka A, Zieliński A. The Chemical and Biological Properties of Nanohydroxyapatite Coatings with Antibacterial Nanometals, Obtained in the Electrophoretic Process on the Ti13Zr13Nb Alloy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063172. [PMID: 33804677 PMCID: PMC8003631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of an early inflammation after implantation surgery of titanium implants has caused the development of different antimicrobial measures. The present research is aimed at characterizing the effects of nanosilver and nanocopper dispersed in the nanohydroxyapatite coatings, deposited on the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy, and on the chemical and biological properties of the coatings. The one-stage deposition process was performed by the electrophoretic method at different contents of nanomaterials in suspension. The surface topography of the coatings was examined with scanning electron microscopy. The wettability was expressed as the water contact angle. The corrosion behavior was characterized by the potentiodynamic technique. The release rate of copper and silver into the simulated body fluid was investigated by atomic absorption spectrometry. The antibacterial efficiency was evaluated as the survivability and adhesion of the bacteria and the growth of the biofilm. The cytotoxicity was assessed for osteoblasts. The results demonstrate that silver and copper increase the corrosion resistance and hydrophilicity. Both elements together effectively kill bacteria and inhibit biofilm growth but appear to be toxic for osteoblasts. The obtained results show that the nanohydroxyapatite coatings doped with nanosilver and nanocopper in a one-stage electrophoretic process can be valuable for antibacterial coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Bartmański
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.P.); (G.S.); (A.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-500-034-220; Fax: +48-58-347-18-15
| | - Łukasz Pawłowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.P.); (G.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anna Belcarz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (A.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Agata Przekora
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (A.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Grazyna Ginalska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.B.); (A.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Gabriel Strugała
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.P.); (G.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Bartłomiej Michał Cieślik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Anna Pałubicka
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Microbiology with Blood Bank, Specialist Hospital in Kościerzyna, 83-400 Kościerzyna, Poland;
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Zieliński
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.P.); (G.S.); (A.Z.)
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Tunable Microstructure and Morphology of the Self-Assembly Hydroxyapatite Coatings on ZK60 Magnesium Alloy Substrates Using Hydrothermal Methods. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite coatings have been widely used to improve the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium alloys. In this paper, in order to manufacture the ideal hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on the ZK60 magnesium substrate by hydrothermal method, formation mechanism of enhanced hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings, influence of pH values of the precursor solution on the HA morphology, corrosion resistance and cytotoxicity of HA coatings have been investigated. Results show that the growth pattern of the HA is influenced by the local pH value. HA has a preferential c-axis and higher crystallinity in the alkaline environment developing a nanorod-like structure, while in acid and neutral environments it has a preferential growth along the a(b)-plane with a lower crystallinity, developing a nanosheet-like structure. The different morphology and microstructure lead to different degradation behavior and performance of HA coatings. Immersion and electrochemical tests show that the neutral environment promote formation of HA coatings with high corrosion resistance. The cell culture experiments confirm that the enhanced corrosion resistance assure the biocompatibility of the substrate-coating system. In general, the HA coating prepared in neutral environment shows great potential in surface modification of magnesium alloys.
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Liu J, Liu J, Attarilar S, Wang C, Tamaddon M, Yang C, Xie K, Yao J, Wang L, Liu C, Tang Y. Nano-Modified Titanium Implant Materials: A Way Toward Improved Antibacterial Properties. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:576969. [PMID: 33330415 PMCID: PMC7719827 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.576969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys have superb biocompatibility, low elastic modulus, and favorable corrosion resistance. These exceptional properties lead to its wide use as a medical implant material. Titanium itself does not have antibacterial properties, so bacteria can gather and adhere to its surface resulting in infection issues. The infection is among the main reasons for implant failure in orthopedic surgeries. Nano-modification, as one of the good options, has the potential to induce different degrees of antibacterial effect on the surface of implant materials. At the same time, the nano-modification procedure and the produced nanostructures should not adversely affect the osteogenic activity, and it should simultaneously lead to favorable antibacterial properties on the surface of the implant. This article scrutinizes and deals with the surface nano-modification of titanium implant materials from three aspects: nanostructures formation procedures, nanomaterials loading, and nano-morphology. In this regard, the research progress on the antibacterial properties of various surface nano-modification of titanium implant materials and the related procedures are introduced, and the new trends will be discussed in order to improve the related materials and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Shokouh Attarilar
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Wang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Maryam Tamaddon
- Institute of Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Orthopaedic Science, University College London, The Royal National National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Chengliang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Kegong Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jinguang Yao
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaozong Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Orthopaedic Science, University College London, The Royal National National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Yujin Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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张 一, 张 宪, 胡 中, 任 兴, 王 茜, 王 志. [Research progress on antibacterial properties of porous medical implant materials]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2020; 34:1478-1485. [PMID: 33191710 PMCID: PMC8171714 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The antibacterial properties of porous medical implant materials were reviewed to provide guidance for further improvement of new medical implant materials. METHODS The literature related to the antibacterial properties of porous medical implant materials in recent years was consulted, and the classification, characteristics and applications, and antibacterial methods of porous medical implant materials were reviewed. RESULTS Porous medical implant materials can be classified according to surface pore size, preparation process, degree of degradation in vivo, and material source. It is widely used in the medical field due to its good biocompatibility and biomechanical properties. Nevertheless, the antibacterial properties of porous medical implant materials themselves are not obvious, and their antibacterial properties need to be improved through structural modification, overall modification, and coating modification. CONCLUSION At present, coating modification as the mainstream modification method for improving the antibacterial properties of porous medical materials is still a research hotspot. The introduction of new antibacterial substances provides a new perspective for the development of new coated porous medical implant materials, so that the porous medical implant materials have a more reliable antibacterial effect while taking into account biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- 一 张
- 华北理工大学附属医院骨科(河北唐山 063000)Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan Hebei, 063000, P.R.China
| | - 宪高 张
- 华北理工大学附属医院骨科(河北唐山 063000)Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan Hebei, 063000, P.R.China
| | - 中岭 胡
- 华北理工大学附属医院骨科(河北唐山 063000)Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan Hebei, 063000, P.R.China
| | - 兴宇 任
- 华北理工大学附属医院骨科(河北唐山 063000)Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan Hebei, 063000, P.R.China
| | - 茜 王
- 华北理工大学附属医院骨科(河北唐山 063000)Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan Hebei, 063000, P.R.China
| | - 志强 王
- 华北理工大学附属医院骨科(河北唐山 063000)Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan Hebei, 063000, P.R.China
- 华北理工大学临床医学院(河北唐山 063000)School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan Hebei, 063000, P.R.China
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Gokcekaya O, Ueda K, Narushima T, Nakano T. Using HAADF-STEM for atomic-scale evaluation of incorporation of antibacterial Ag atoms in a β-tricalcium phosphate structure. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:16596-16604. [PMID: 32756641 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04208k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Structural evaluation of ionic additions in calcium phosphates that enhance their performance is a long-lasting area of research in the field of biomedical materials. Ionic incorporation in β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) structures is indispensable for obtaining desirable properties for specific functions and applications. Owing to its complex structure and beam-sensitive nature, determining the extent of ion incorporation and its corresponding location in the β-TCP structure is challenging. Further, very few experimental studies have been able to estimate the location of Ag atoms incorporated in a β-TCP structure while considering the associated changes in lattice parameters. Although the incorporation alters the lattice parameters, the alteration is not significant enough for estimating the location of the incorporated Ag atoms. Here, Ag incorporation in a β-TCP structure was evaluated on atomic scale using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to unambiguously determine the location of the incorporated Ag atoms in the β-TCP structure by comparing z-contrast profiles of the Ag and Ca atoms by combining the state-of-art STEM observations and STEM image simulations. The Ag incorporation in the Ca(4) sites of β-TCP, as estimated by the Rietveld refinement, was in good agreement with the high-angle annular dark-field STEM observations and the simulations of the location of Ag atoms for [001] and [010] zone axes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozkan Gokcekaya
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Xu H, Yang W, Chen P, Chen R, Xue P, Wang L, Yuan J, Yao Q, Chen B, Zhao Y. Bone‐Inspired Tube Filling Decellularized Matrix of Toad Cartilage Provided an Osteoinductive Microenvironment for Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Facilitate the Radius Defect Repair of Rabbit. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000004. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He‐Lin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang Province 325035 China
| | - Wai‐Geng Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang Province 325035 China
| | - Pian‐Pian Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang Province 325035 China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang Province 325035 China
| | - Peng‐Peng Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang Province 325035 China
| | - Li‐Fen Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang Province 325035 China
| | - Jian‐Dong Yuan
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000 P. R. China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang Province 325035 China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of UltrasonographyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang Province 325000 China
| | - Ying‐Zheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang Province 325035 China
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Wu J, Ueda K, Narushima T. Fabrication of Ag and Ta co-doped amorphous calcium phosphate coating films by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering and their antibacterial activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 109:110599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Abstract
Surface modification of orthopedic and dental implants has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy to accelerate bone healing at early implantation times. Among the different alternatives, coating implants with a layer of hydroxyapatite (HAp) is one of the most used techniques, due to its excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductive behavior. The composition and crystalline structure of HAp allow for numerous ionic substitutions that provide added value, such as antibiotic properties or osteoinduction. In this article, we will review and critically analyze the most important advances in the field of substituted hydroxyapatite coatings. In recent years substituted HAp coatings have been deposited not only on orthopedic prostheses and dental implants, but also on macroporous scaffolds, thus expanding their applications towards bone regeneration therapies. Besides, the capability of substituted HAps to immobilize proteins and growth factors by non-covalent interactions has opened new possibilities for preparing hybrid coatings that foster bone healing processes. Finally, the most important in vivo outcomes will be discussed to understand the prospects of substituted HAp coatings from a clinical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Arcos
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. and CIBER de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. and CIBER de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
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Properties of Nanohydroxyapatite Coatings Doped with Nanocopper, Obtained by Electrophoretic Deposition on Ti13Zr13Nb Alloy. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12223741. [PMID: 31766219 PMCID: PMC6888410 DOI: 10.3390/ma12223741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, hydroxyapatite coatings are the most common surface modification of long-term implants. These coatings are characterized by high thickness and poor adhesion to the metallic substrate. The present research is aimed at characterizing the properties of nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHAp) with the addition of copper nanoparticle (nanoCu) coatings deposited on the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy by an electrophoresis process. The deposition of coatings was carried out for various amounts of nanoCu powder and various average particle sizes. Microstructure, topography, phase, and chemical composition were examined with scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Corrosion properties were determined by potentiodynamic polarization technique in simulated body fluid. Nanomechanical properties were determined based on nanoindentation and scratch tests. The wettability of coatings was defined by the contact angle. It was proven that nanoHAp coatings containing nanocopper, compared to nanoHAp coatings without nanometals, demonstrated smaller number of cracks, lower thickness, and higher nanomechanical properties. The influence of the content and the average size of nanoCu on the quality of the coatings was observed. All coatings exhibited hydrophilic properties. The deposition of nanohydroxyapatite coatings doped with nanocopper may be a promising way to improve the antibacterial properties and mechanical stability of coatings.
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Mokabber T, Zhou Q, Vakis A, van Rijn P, Pei Y. Mechanical and biological properties of electrodeposited calcium phosphate coatings. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:475-484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Silver Doping Mechanism in Bioceramics—From Ag+: Doped HAp to Ag°/BCP Nanocomposite. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9070326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The results presented in this paper, based on the powder X-ray diffraction technique followed by Rietveld analyses, are devoted to the mechanism of silver incorporation in biphasic calcium phosphates. Results were confirmed by SEM observation. Samples were synthesized via the sol-gel route, followed by heat treatments. Two incorporation sites were highlighted: Ca2+ replacement by Ag+ into the calcium phosphates (HAp: hydroxyapatite and β-TCP: tricalcium phosphate), and the other as metallic silver Ag° nanoparticles (formed by autogenous reduction). The samples obtained were thus nanocomposites, written Ag°/BCP, composed of closely-mixed Ag° particles of about 100 nm at 400 °C (which became micrometric upon heating) and calcium phosphates, themselves substituted by Ag+ cations. Between 400 °C and 700 °C the cationic silver part was mainly located in the HAp phase of the composition Ca10-xAgx(PO4)6(OH)2-x (written Ag+: HAp). From 600 °C silver cations migrated to β-TCP to form the definite compound Ca10Ag(PO4)7 (written Ag+: TCP). Due to the melting point of Ag°, the doping element completely left our sample at temperatures above 1000 °C. In order to correctly understand the biological behavior of such material, which is potentially interesting for biomaterial applications, its complex doping mechanism should be taken into consideration for subsequent cytotoxic and bacteriologic studies.
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A critical review of multifunctional titanium surfaces: New frontiers for improving osseointegration and host response, avoiding bacteria contamination. Acta Biomater 2018; 79:1-22. [PMID: 30121373 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Evolution of metal implants progressively shifted the focus from adequate mechanical strength to improved biocompatibility and absence of toxicity and, finally, to fast osseointegration. Recently, new frontiers and challenges of Ti implants have been addressed to improvement of bioactivity, fighting of bacterial infection and biofilm formation, as well as modulation of inflammation. This is closely related to the clinical demand of multifunctional implants able to simultaneously have a number of specific responses with respect to body fluids, cells (osteoblasts, fibroblasts, macrophages) and pathogenic agents (bacteria, viruses). This complex system of multiple biological stimuli and surface responses is a major arena of the current research on biomaterials and biosurfaces. This review covers the strategies explored to this purpose since 2010 in the case of Ti and Ti alloys, considering that the number of related papers doubled about in the last seven years and no review has comprehensively covered this engaging research area yet. The different approaches followed for producing multifunctional Ti-based surfaces involve the use of thick and thin inorganic coatings, chemical surface treatments, and functionalization strategies coupled with organic coatings. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE According to the clinical demand of multifunctional implants able to simultaneously have a number of specific responses with respect to body fluids, cells and pathogenic agents, new frontiers of Ti implants have been addressed to improvement of bioactivity, fighting of bacterial infection and biofilm formation, as well as modulation of inflammation. Literature since 2010 is here reviewed. Several strategies for getting bioactive and antibacterial actions on Ti surfaces have been suggested, but they still need to be optimized with respect to several concerns. A further step will be to combine on the same surface a proven ability of modulation of inflammatory response. The achievement of multifunctional surfaces able to modulate inflammation and to promote osteogenesis is a grand challenge.
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Huang Y, Song G, Chang X, Wang Z, Zhang X, Han S, Su Z, Yang H, Yang D, Zhang X. Nanostructured Ag +-substituted fluorhydroxyapatite-TiO 2 coatings for enhanced bactericidal effects and osteoinductivity of Ti for biomedical applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:2665-2684. [PMID: 29760549 PMCID: PMC5937497 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s162558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poor mechanical properties, undesirable fast dissolution rate, and lack of antibacterial activity limit the application of hydroxyapatite (HA) as an implant coating material. To overcome these limitations, a hybrid coating of Ag+-substituted fluorhydroxyapatite and titania nanotube (TNT) was prepared. Methods The incorporation of silver into the HA-TiO2 hybrid coating improves its antimicrobial properties. The addition of F as a second binary element increases the structural stability of the coating. The TNT/F-and-Ag-substituted HA (FAgHA) bilayer coating on the Ti substrate was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results The results indicate that the FAgHA/TNT nanocomposite coating has a dense and uniform morphology with a nano-rod-like structure. The solubility measurement result shows that the substitution of F− ions into the AgHA structure has a positive effect on the dissolution resistance of HA. The adhesion strength of FAgHA/TNT has significantly increased because of the interlocking of the roughened surface with nano-rod-like particles that entered into the voids of the TiO2 nanotubes. Compared with that of the bare Ti, the corrosion current density of FAgHA/TNT-coated Ti substrate decreased from 3.71 to 0.18 μA, and its corrosion resistance increased by almost two orders of magnitude. Moreover, despite pure HA, the FAgHA killed all viable Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hours of incubation. Although the fabricated FAgHA/TNT coating is hydrophobic, it induced deposition of the typical spherical apatite when immersed in a simulated body fluid (SBF); the osteoblasts spread very well on the surface of the coating. In addition, in vitro cell culture tests demonstrated cell viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) similar to pure HA, which indicated good cytocompatibility. Interestingly, compared with bare Ti, FAgHA/TNT-coated Ti surface was innocent for cell vitality and even more beneficial for cell osteogenesis in vitro. Conclusion Enhancing the osseointegration and preventing infection in implants, the FAgHA/TNT-coated Ti makes implants more successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Guiqin Song
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Xiaotong Chang
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhenhui Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, People's Liberation Army No 251 Hospital, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Shuguang Han
- Institute of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuobin Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Hejie Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongdong Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Physics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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