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Yu R, Maswikiti EP, Yu Y, Gao L, Ma C, Ma H, Deng X, Wang N, Wang B, Chen H. Advances in the Application of Preclinical Models in Photodynamic Therapy for Tumor: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010197. [PMID: 36678826 PMCID: PMC9867105 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive laser light local treatment that has been utilized in the management of a wide variety of solid tumors. Moreover, the evaluation of efficacy, adverse reactions, the development of new photosensitizers and the latest therapeutic regimens are inseparable from the preliminary exploration in preclinical studies. Therefore, our aim was to better comprehend the characteristics and limitations of these models and to provide a reference for related research. METHODS We searched the databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus for the past 25 years of original research articles on the feasibility of PDT in tumor treatment based on preclinical experiments and animal models. We provided insights into inclusion and exclusion criteria and ultimately selected 40 articles for data synthesis. RESULTS After summarizing and comparing the methods and results of these studies, the experimental model selection map was drawn. There are 7 main preclinical models, which are used for different research objectives according to their characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Based on this narrative review, preclinical experimental models are crucial to the development and promotion of PDT for tumors. The traditional animal models have some limitations, and the emergence of organoids may be a promising new insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yu
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | | | - Yang Yu
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Lei Gao
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Chenhui Ma
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Huanhuan Ma
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiaobo Deng
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Na Wang
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Bofang Wang
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumor of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0931-5190550
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Irmania N, Dehvari K, Chang JY. Multifunctional MnCuInSe/ZnS quantum dots for bioimaging and photodynamic therapy. J Biomater Appl 2022; 36:1617-1628. [DOI: 10.1177/08853282211068959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, manganese (Mn)-doped CuInSe quantum dots (QDs) with a ZnS passivation layer (MnCuInSe/ZnS) have been synthesized via a one-pot microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction using glutathione (GSH) as a stabilizer. The MnCuInSe/ZnS core-shell QDs combine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), excitation-dependent red emission, and reactive oxygen radical generation functions, in which regulation of Mn2+ incorporation leads to synergistic imaging and therapeutic modalities. The MnCuInSe/ZnS QDs exhibit high colloidal and photochemical stability in simulated media and at different pH values. An r2/r1 ratio of 9.99 was calculated from MRI studies suggesting their potential application as dual-modal imaging agents. Based on in vitro tests on Hela, B16, and HepG2 cell lines, it is apparent that MnCuInSe/ZnS QDs impose no significant cytotoxicity in the dark, while they can efficiently generate singlet oxygen radicals for photodynamic therapy of cancers, killing more than 80% of B16 cells within 5 min of laser irradiation (671 nm, 1 W cm−2). Furthermore, in vitro fluorescence imaging and cellular internalization of QDs are examined to visualize cellular uptake and in situ ROS generation. Therefore, this research exemplifies a new set of multifunctional chalcogenide QDs for theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novi Irmania
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, China
| | - Khalilalrahman Dehvari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, China
| | - Jia-Yaw Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, China
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Getachew G, Huang WW, Chou TH, Rasal AS, Chang JY. Brightly luminescent (NH 4) xCs 1-xPbBr 3 quantum dots for in vitro imaging and efficient photothermal ablation therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 605:500-512. [PMID: 34343730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report for the first time a facile strategy for the highly efficient (NH4)xCs1-xPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs). By modulating the amount of ammonium, (NH4)xCs1-xPbBr3 QDs with different photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields (QY) were synthesized. The results of X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the crystal structure of (NH4)xCs1-xPbBr3 was altered by incorporation of NH4+ cations into the CsPbBr3 lattice. The (NH4)xCs1-xPbBr3 QDs showed enhanced PL QY, higher photostability, and long-term storage stability compared to CsPbBr3 QDs. Furthermore, (NH4)xCs1-xPbBr3 QDs could be conjugated with a photothermal dye (IR780) via a one-pot reaction using poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) and IR780-MPTS. To the best of our knowledge, the present work is the first attempt integrating perovskite QDs and phototherapeutic molecules into one system (abbreviated as PQD-IR780), demonstrating good water dispersibility and high photothermal conversion efficiency of 57.85%. In vitro experiments performed to examine subcellular uptake showed high fluorescence brightness was observed in HeLa, B16F1, and HepG2 cancer cells cultured with PQD-IR780. The results indicate that the internalization mechanism for uptaking of PQD-IR780 inside HeLa cells is energy-dependent and caveolin-mediated endocytosis. The in vitro cell viability assays and photothermal therapy revealed that PQD-IR780 showed good biocompatibility and can induce hyperthermia upon laser irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girum Getachew
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Wen Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzung-Han Chou
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Akash S Rasal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yaw Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China; Taiwan Building Technology Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Huang L, Asghar S, Zhu T, Ye P, Hu Z, Chen Z, Xiao Y. Advances in chlorin-based photodynamic therapy with nanoparticle delivery system for cancer treatment. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1473-1500. [PMID: 34253129 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1950685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The treatment of tumors is one of the most difficult problems in the medical field at present. Patients often use a comprehensive therapy that combines surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has prominent potential for eradicating various cancers. Chlorin-based photosensitizers (PSs), as one of the most utilized photosensitizers, have many advantages over conventional photosensitizers; however, a successful chlorin-based PDT needs multi-functional nano-carriers for selective photosensitizer delivery. The number of researches about nanoparticles designed for improved chlorin-based PSs is increasing in the current era. In this article, we give a brief review focused on the recent research progress in design of chlorin-based nanoparticles for the treatment of malignant tumors with photodynamic therapy.Areas covered: This review focuses on the current nanoparticle platforms for PDT, and describes different strategies to achieve controllable PDT by chlorin-nano-delivery systems. The challenges and prospects of PDT in clinical applications are also discussed.Expert opinions: The requirement for PDT to eradicate cancers has increased exponentially in recent years. The major clinically used photosensitizers are hydrophobic. The main obstacles in effective delivery of PSs are associated with this intrinsic nature. The design of nano-delivery systems to load PSs is pivotal for PSs' widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Panting Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Ziyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
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Zhang M, Qin X, Xu W, Wang Y, Song Y, Garg S, Luan Y. Engineering of a dual-modal phototherapeutic nanoplatform for single NIR laser-triggered tumor therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 594:493-501. [PMID: 33774405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Theranostic nanoplatforms integrating simultaneously photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) exhibit intrinsic advantages in tumor therapy due to distinct mechanisms of action. However, it is challenging to achieve PDT and PTT under single near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation with a nanoplatform utilizing conventional organic photodynamic agent and inorganic photothermal agent owing to the difference in inherent excitation wavelengths. Particularly, the single NIR light (660 nm)-triggered PTT and PDT nanoplatform, constructed from chlorin e6 (Ce6) and copper sulfide (CuS) nanoparticles (NPs), has never been reported. Herein, we, for the first time, designed and established a dual-modal phototherapeutic nanoplatform that achieved both PTT and PDT under single NIR laser (660 nm) irradiation for Ce6 and CuS NPs with the strategy of core-shell structured CuS@Carbon integrated with Ce6. Introducing of carbon shell not only endows small CuS NPs with excellent tumor accumulation, but also significantly strengthens the photothermal performance of CuS NPs, realizing efficient photothermal performance under 660 nm laser irradiation. Moreover, Ce6 in carbon shell endowed the nanoplatform with photodynamic effect under 660 nm laser irradiation. The as-prepared Ce6/CuS@Carbon nanoplatform thus achieved dual-modal phototherapy under single NIR laser irradiation, significantly inhibiting tumor growth with minimal adverse effects and superior biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaohan Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
| | - Yunmei Song
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sanjay Garg
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Yuxia Luan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Irmania N, Dehvari K, Gedda G, Tseng P, Chang J. Manganese‐doped green tea‐derived carbon quantum dots as a targeted dual imaging and photodynamic therapy platform. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:1616-1625. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Novi Irmania
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan, ROC
| | - Khalilalrahman Dehvari
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan, ROC
| | - Gangaraju Gedda
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Science, GITAM deemed to be University Rudraram Patancheru Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, Sangareddy District India
| | - Po‐Jen Tseng
- Department of Safety Health and Environmental EngineeringNational Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jia‐Yaw Chang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan, ROC
- Taiwan Building Technology CenterNational Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan, ROC
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Kays JC, Saeboe AM, Toufanian R, Kurant DE, Dennis AM. Shell-Free Copper Indium Sulfide Quantum Dots Induce Toxicity in Vitro and in Vivo. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1980-1991. [PMID: 31999467 PMCID: PMC7210713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are attractive fluorescent contrast agents for in vivo imaging due to their superior photophysical properties, but traditional QDs comprise toxic materials such as cadmium or lead. Copper indium sulfide (CuInS2, CIS) QDs have been posited as a nontoxic and potentially clinically translatable alternative; however, previous in vivo studies utilized particles with a passivating zinc sulfide (ZnS) shell, limiting direct evidence of the biocompatibility of the underlying CIS. For the first time, we assess the biodistribution and toxicity of unshelled CIS and partially zinc-alloyed CISZ QDs in a murine model. We show that bare CIS QDs breakdown quickly, inducing significant toxicity as seen in organ weight, blood chemistry, and histology. CISZ demonstrates significant, but lower, toxicity compared to bare CIS, while our measurements of core/shell CIS/ZnS are consistent with literature reports of general biocompatibility. In vitro cytotoxicity is dose-dependent on the amount of metal released due to particle degradation, linking degradation to toxicity. These results challenge the assumption that removing heavy metals necessarily reduces toxicity: indeed, we find comparable in vitro cytotoxicity between CIS and CdSe QDs, while CIS caused severe toxicity in vivo compared to CdSe. In addition to highlighting the complexity of nanotoxicity and the differences between the in vitro and in vivo outcomes, these unexpected results serve as a reminder of the importance of assessing the biocompatibility of core QDs absent the protective ZnS shell when making specific claims of compositional biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C. Kays
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston MA 02215
| | - Alexander M. Saeboe
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering, Boston University, Boston MA 02215
| | - Reyhaneh Toufanian
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering, Boston University, Boston MA 02215
| | | | - Allison M. Dennis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston MA 02215
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering, Boston University, Boston MA 02215
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Dehvari K, Li JD, Chang JY. Bovine Serum Albumin-Templated Synthesis of Manganese-Doped Copper Selenide Nanoparticles for Boosting Targeted Delivery and Synergistic Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3019-3029. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Albumin-functionalized CuFeS 2/photosensitizer nanohybrid for single-laser-induced folate receptor-targeted photothermal and photodynamic therapy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 101:179-189. [PMID: 31029311 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multimodal therapy is an emerging medical intervention to overcome the current limitation in cancer therapy combining treatment modalities with different mechanisms of action to eradicate tumors. This study demonstrates a targeted multifunctional bovine serum albumin (BSA)-functionalized CuFeS2/chlorin e6 (Ce6) for synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) effects. The CuFeS2 nanocrystals were synthesized through a simple heating-up approach and transferred into an aqueous phase using BSA in an ultrasonic-assisted microemulsion method. The as-prepared CuFeS2@BSA nanoparticles further conjugated with folic acid (FA) followed by attachment of Ce6 to form the Ce6:CuFeS2@BSA-FA nanohybrid with improved solubility and strong near-infrared (NIR) absorbance and fluorescence. It is the first report to fabricate the targeted Ce6:CuFeS2@BSA-FA hybrid and evaluates their synergistic PTT/PDT effect using a single laser. The Ce6:CuFeS2@BSA-FA hybrid showed lower toxicity in vitro (HeLa and HepG2 cells) and in vivo (zebrafish embryos), while they are selectively recognized and internalized by HeLa cells that over-express folate receptors. Compared to each modality applied separately, the combined single-laser-induced PTT and PDT treatment showed the enhanced generation of heat and reactive oxygen species (ROS) with synergistic cancer killing under 671 nm laser irradiation (10 min, 1 W/cm2). As a biocompatible targeted nanoprobe, the multifunctional nanohybrid holds promise in combined PDT/PTT synergistic therapy to achieve better efficacy.
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