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Patil R, Alimperti S. Graphene in 3D Bioprinting. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:82. [PMID: 38667539 PMCID: PMC11051043 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a fast prototyping fabrication approach that allows the development of new implants for tissue restoration. Although various materials have been utilized for this process, they lack mechanical, electrical, chemical, and biological properties. To overcome those limitations, graphene-based materials demonstrate unique mechanical and electrical properties, morphology, and impermeability, making them excellent candidates for 3D bioprinting. This review summarizes the latest developments in graphene-based materials in 3D printing and their application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Over the years, different 3D printing approaches have utilized graphene-based materials, such as graphene, graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO (rGO), and functional GO (fGO). This process involves controlling multiple factors, such as graphene dispersion, viscosity, and post-curing, which impact the properties of the 3D-printed graphene-based constructs. To this end, those materials combined with 3D printing approaches have demonstrated prominent regeneration potential for bone, neural, cardiac, and skin tissues. Overall, graphene in 3D bioprinting may pave the way for new regenerative strategies with translational implications in orthopedics, neurology, and cardiovascular areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Patil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
- Center for Biological and Biomedical Engineering, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Stella Alimperti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
- Center for Biological and Biomedical Engineering, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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2
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Shokrollahi P, Omidi Y, Cubeddu LX, Omidian H. Conductive polymers for cardiac tissue engineering and regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:1979-1995. [PMID: 37306139 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction, are considered a significant global burden and the leading cause of death. Given the inability of damaged cardiac tissue to self-repair, cell-based tissue engineering and regeneration may be the only viable option for restoring normal heart function. To maintain the normal excitation-contraction coupling function of cardiac tissue, uniform electronic and ionic conductance properties are required. To transport cells to damaged cardiac tissues, several techniques, including the incorporation of cells into conductive polymers (CPs) and biomaterials, have been utilized. Due to the complexity of cardiac tissues, the success of tissue engineering for the damaged heart is highly dependent on several variables, such as the cell source, growth factors, and scaffolds. In this review, we sought to provide a comprehensive overview of the electro CPs and biomaterials used in the engineering and regeneration of heart tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Shokrollahi
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education, School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Luigi X Cubeddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Hossein Omidian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
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3
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Wang M, Mequanint K. Preparation and Microscopic Mechanical Characterization of L-Methionine-Based Polyphosphazene Fibrous Mats for Vascular Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2546. [PMID: 38004526 PMCID: PMC10674633 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and biocompatibility of poly[(α-amino acid ester) phosphazene] electrospun fibers based on the ethyl ester of L-methionine (PαAPz-M), a material with potential applications in tissue engineering. We utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) to evaluate the fiber mechanical characteristics and calculate its Young's modulus, revealing it to closely mimic the stiffness of a natural extracellular matrix (ECM). We also studied the degradation behavior of PαAPz-M scaffolds over 21 days, showing that they maintain the highly porous structure required for tissue engineering. Further evaluation of mesenchymal multipotent 10T1/2 cell and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) behavior on the scaffolds demonstrated significant cell viability, proliferation, and successful MSC differentiation into smooth muscle cells. Expression of collagen and elastin by MSCs on the fiber mats highlighted potential ECM formation during scaffold degradation, confirming PαAPz-M as a promising material for vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kibret Mequanint
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada;
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4
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Beleño Acosta B, Advincula RC, Grande-Tovar CD. Chitosan-Based Scaffolds for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2023; 28:1920. [PMID: 36838907 PMCID: PMC9962426 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as myocardial infarction (MI), constitute one of the world's leading causes of annual deaths. This cardiomyopathy generates a tissue scar with poor anatomical properties and cell necrosis that can lead to heart failure. Necrotic tissue repair is required through pharmaceutical or surgical treatments to avoid such loss, which has associated adverse collateral effects. However, to recover the infarcted myocardial tissue, biopolymer-based scaffolds are used as safer alternative treatments with fewer side effects due to their biocompatibility, chemical adaptability and biodegradability. For this reason, a systematic review of the literature from the last five years on the production and application of chitosan scaffolds for the reconstructive engineering of myocardial tissue was carried out. Seventy-five records were included for review using the "preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses" data collection strategy. It was observed that the chitosan scaffolds have a remarkable capacity for restoring the essential functions of the heart through the mimicry of its physiological environment and with a controlled porosity that allows for the exchange of nutrients, the improvement of the electrical conductivity and the stimulation of cell differentiation of the stem cells. In addition, the chitosan scaffolds can significantly improve angiogenesis in the infarcted tissue by stimulating the production of the glycoprotein receptors of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. Therefore, the possible mechanisms of action of the chitosan scaffolds on cardiomyocytes and stem cells were analyzed. For all the advantages observed, it is considered that the treatment of MI with the chitosan scaffolds is promising, showing multiple advantages within the regenerative therapies of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Beleño Acosta
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Química, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia
| | - Rigoberto C. Advincula
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Química, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia
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5
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Tan Y, Chen Y, Lu T, Witman N, Yan B, Gong Y, Ai X, Yang L, Liu M, Luo R, Wang H, Ministrini S, Dong W, Wang W, Fu W. Engineering a conduction-consistent cardiac patch with rGO/PLCL electrospun nanofibrous membranes and human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1094397. [PMID: 36845196 PMCID: PMC9944832 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1094397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The healthy human heart has special directional arrangement of cardiomyocytes and a unique electrical conduction system, which is critical for the maintenance of effective contractions. The precise arrangement of cardiomyocytes (CMs) along with conduction consistency between CMs is essential for enhancing the physiological accuracy of in vitro cardiac model systems. Here, we prepared aligned electrospun rGO/PLCL membranes using electrospinning technology to mimic the natural heart structure. The physical, chemical and biocompatible properties of the membranes were rigorously tested. We next assembled human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) on electrospun rGO/PLCL membranes in order to construct a myocardial muscle patch. The conduction consistency of cardiomyocytes on the patches were carefully recorded. We found that cells cultivated on the electrospun rGO/PLCL fibers presented with an ordered and arranged structure, excellent mechanical properties, oxidation resistance and effective guidance. The addition of rGO was found to be beneficial for the maturation and synchronous electrical conductivity of hiPSC-CMs within the cardiac patch. This study verified the possibility of using conduction-consistent cardiac patches to enhance drug screening and disease modeling applications. Implementation of such a system could one day lead to in vivo cardiac repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tan
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nevin Witman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bingqian Yan
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqi Gong
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Ai
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minglu Liu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Runjiao Luo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijing Wang
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Medicine and Surgery, Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Wei Dong, ; Wei Wang, ; Wei Fu,
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Wei Dong, ; Wei Wang, ; Wei Fu,
| | - Wei Fu
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Wei Dong, ; Wei Wang, ; Wei Fu,
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6
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Jalilinejad N, Rabiee M, Baheiraei N, Ghahremanzadeh R, Salarian R, Rabiee N, Akhavan O, Zarrintaj P, Hejna A, Saeb MR, Zarrabi A, Sharifi E, Yousefiasl S, Zare EN. Electrically conductive carbon-based (bio)-nanomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10347. [PMID: 36684103 PMCID: PMC9842069 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A proper self-regenerating capability is lacking in human cardiac tissue which along with the alarming rate of deaths associated with cardiovascular disorders makes tissue engineering critical. Novel approaches are now being investigated in order to speedily overcome the challenges in this path. Tissue engineering has been revolutionized by the advent of nanomaterials, and later by the application of carbon-based nanomaterials because of their exceptional variable functionality, conductivity, and mechanical properties. Electrically conductive biomaterials used as cell bearers provide the tissue with an appropriate microenvironment for the specific seeded cells as substrates for the sake of protecting cells in biological media against attacking mechanisms. Nevertheless, their advantages and shortcoming in view of cellular behavior, toxicity, and targeted delivery depend on the tissue in which they are implanted or being used as a scaffold. This review seeks to address, summarize, classify, conceptualize, and discuss the use of carbon-based nanoparticles in cardiac tissue engineering emphasizing their conductivity. We considered electrical conductivity as a key affecting the regeneration of cells. Correspondingly, we reviewed conductive polymers used in tissue engineering and specifically in cardiac repair as key biomaterials with high efficiency. We comprehensively classified and discussed the advantages of using conductive biomaterials in cardiac tissue engineering. An overall review of the open literature on electroactive substrates including carbon-based biomaterials over the last decade was provided, tabulated, and thoroughly discussed. The most commonly used conductive substrates comprising graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers in cardiac repair were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Jalilinejad
- Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical EngineeringAmirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical EngineeringAmirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Nafiseh Baheiraei
- Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Division, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Reza Salarian
- Biomedical Engineering DepartmentMaziar UniversityRoyanMazandaranIran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of PhysicsSharif University of TechnologyTehranIran
- School of EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐guPohangGyeongbukSouth Korea
| | - Omid Akhavan
- Department of PhysicsSharif University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical EngineeringOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahomaUSA
| | - Aleksander Hejna
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of ChemistryGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of ChemistryGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesIstinye UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Satar Yousefiasl
- School of DentistryHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
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7
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Flake Graphene as an Efficient Agent Governing Cellular Fate and Antimicrobial Properties of Fibrous Tissue Engineering Scaffolds—A Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155306. [PMID: 35955241 PMCID: PMC9369702 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Although there are several methods for fabricating nanofibrous scaffolds for biomedical applications, electrospinning is probably the most versatile and feasible process. Electrospinning enables the preparation of reproducible, homogeneous fibers from many types of polymers. In addition, implementation of this technique gives the possibility to fabricated polymer-based composite mats embroidered with manifold materials, such as graphene. Flake graphene and its derivatives represent an extremely promising material for imparting new, biomedically relevant properties, functions, and applications. Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), among many extraordinary properties, confer antimicrobial properties of the resulting material. Moreover, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide promote the desired cellular response. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine enable advanced treatments to regenerate damaged tissues and organs. This review provides a reliable summary of the recent scientific literature on the fabrication of nanofibers and their further modification with GO/rGO flakes for biomedical applications.
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8
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Abstract
Biodegradable and biocompatible biomaterials have offered much more opportunities from an engineering standpoint for treating diseases and maintaining health. Poly(ester amide)s (PEAs), as an outstanding family among such biomaterials, have risen overwhelmingly in the past decades. These synthetic polymers have easily and widely available raw materials and a diversity of synthetic approaches, which have attracted considerable attention. More importantly, combining the superiorities of polyamides and polyesters, PEAs have emerged with better functions. They could have improved biodegradability, biocompatibility, and cell-material interactions. The PEAs derived from α-amino acids even allow the introduction of pendant sites for further modification or functionalization. Meanwhile, it is gradually recognized that the chemical structures are closely related to the physiochemical and biological properties of PEAs so that their properties can be precisely controlled. PEAs therefore become significant materials in the biomedical fields. This review will attempt to summarize the recent progress in the development of PEAs with respect to the preparation materials and methods, structure-property relationships along with their latest biomedical accomplishments, especially for drug delivery and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
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9
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Gokce C, Gurcan C, Delogu LG, Yilmazer A. 2D Materials for Cardiac Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:802551. [PMID: 35224044 PMCID: PMC8873146 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.802551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a massive impact on human health. Due to the limited regeneration capacity of adult heart tissue, CVDs are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Even though there are surgical and pharmacological treatments for CVDs, regenerative strategies are the most promising approaches and have the potential to benefit millions of people. As in any other tissue engineering approach, the repair and regeneration of damaged cardiac tissues generally involve scaffolds made up of biodegradable and biocompatible materials, cellular components such as stem cells, and growth factors. This review provides an overview of biomaterial-based tissue engineering approaches for CVDs with a specific focus on the potential of 2D materials. It is essential to consider both physicochemical and immunomodulatory properties for evaluating the applicability of 2D materials in cardiac tissue repair and regeneration. As new members of the 2D materials will be explored, they will quickly become part of cardiac tissue engineering technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemile Gokce
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cansu Gurcan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Acelya Yilmazer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Acelya Yilmazer
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10
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Li Y, Wei L, Lan L, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Dawit H, Mao J, Guo L, Shen L, Wang L. Conductive biomaterials for cardiac repair: A review. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:157-178. [PMID: 33887448 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the fatal diseases in humans. Its incidence is constantly increasing annually all over the world. The problem is accompanied by the limited regenerative capacity of cardiomyocytes, yielding fibrous scar tissue formation. The propagation of electrical impulses in such tissue is severely hampered, negatively influencing the normal heart pumping function. Thus, reconstruction of the internal cardiac electrical connection is currently a major concern of myocardial repair. Conductive biomaterials with or without cell loading were extensively investigated to address this problem. This article introduces a detailed overview of the recent progress in conductive biomaterials and fabrication methods of conductive scaffolds for cardiac repair. After that, the advances in myocardial tissue construction in vitro by the restoration of intercellular communication and simulation of the dynamic electrophysiological environment are systematically reviewed. Furthermore, the latest trend in the study of cardiac repair in vivo using various conductive patches is summarized. Finally, we discuss the achievements and shortcomings of the existing conductive biomaterials and the properties of an ideal conductive patch for myocardial repair. We hope this review will help readers understand the importance and usefulness of conductive biomaterials in cardiac repair and inspire researchers to design and develop new conductive patches to meet the clinical requirements. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: After myocardial infarction, the infarcted myocardial area is gradually replaced by heterogeneous fibrous tissue with inferior conduction properties, resulting in arrhythmia and heart remodeling. Conductive biomaterials have been extensively adopted to solve the problem. Summarizing the relevant literature, this review presents an overview of the types and fabrication methods of conductive biomaterials, and focally discusses the recent advances in myocardial tissue construction in vitro and myocardial repair in vivo, which is rarely covered in previous reviews. As well, the deficiencies of the existing conductive patches and their construction strategies for myocardial repair are discussed as well as the improving directions. Confidently, the readers of this review would appreciate advantages and current limitations of conductive biomaterials/patches in cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile Materials and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Leqian Wei
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile Materials and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lizhen Lan
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile Materials and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yaya Gao
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile Materials and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile Materials and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hewan Dawit
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile Materials and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jifu Mao
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile Materials and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Lamei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Biomedical Textile Materials and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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11
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Esmaeili H, Patino-Guerrero A, Hasany M, Ansari MO, Memic A, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Nikkhah M. Electroconductive biomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:118-140. [PMID: 34455109 PMCID: PMC8935982 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is still the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The success of cell-based therapies and tissue engineering strategies for treatment of injured myocardium have been notably hindered due to the limitations associated with the selection of a proper cell source, lack of engraftment of engineered tissues and biomaterials with the host myocardium, limited vascularity, as well as immaturity of the injected cells. The first-generation approaches in cardiac tissue engineering (cTE) have mainly relied on the use of desired cells (e.g., stem cells) along with non-conductive natural or synthetic biomaterials for in vitro construction and maturation of functional cardiac tissues, followed by testing the efficacy of the engineered tissues in vivo. However, to better recapitulate the native characteristics and conductivity of the cardiac muscle, recent approaches have utilized electroconductive biomaterials or nanomaterial components within engineered cardiac tissues. This review article will cover the recent advancements in the use of electrically conductive biomaterials in cTE. The specific emphasis will be placed on the use of different types of nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles (GNPs), silicon-derived nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs), as well as electroconductive polymers (ECPs) for engineering of functional and electrically conductive cardiac tissues. We will also cover the recent progress in the use of engineered electroconductive tissues for in vivo cardiac regeneration applications. We will discuss the opportunities and challenges of each approach and provide our perspectives on potential avenues for enhanced cTE. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Myocardial infarction (MI) is still the primary cause of death worldwide. Over the past decade, electroconductive biomaterials have increasingly been applied in the field of cardiac tissue engineering. This review article provides the readers with the leading advances in the in vitro applications of electroconductive biomaterials for cTE along with an in-depth discussion of injectable/transplantable electroconductive biomaterials and their delivery methods for in vivo MI treatment. The article also discusses the knowledge gaps in the field and offers possible novel avenues for improved cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Esmaeili
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Masoud Hasany
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Adnan Memic
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Biodesign Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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12
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Morsink M, Severino P, Luna-Ceron E, Hussain MA, Sobahi N, Shin SR. Effects of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials on regulating cardiomyocyte behavior for cardiac repair and regeneration. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:141-156. [PMID: 34818579 PMCID: PMC11041526 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) represents one of the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases, with a highly relevant and impactful role in public health. Despite the therapeutic advances of the last decades, MI still begets extensive death rates around the world. The pathophysiology of the disease correlates with cardiomyocyte necrosis, caused by an imbalance in the demand of oxygen to cardiac tissues, resulting from obstruction of the coronary flow. To alleviate the severe effects of MI, the use of various biomaterials exhibit vast potential in cardiac repair and regeneration, acting as native extracellular matrices. These hydrogels have been combined with nano sized or functional materials which possess unique electrical, mechanical, and topographical properties that play important roles in regulating phenotypes and the contractile function of cardiomyocytes even in adverse microenvironments. These nano-biomaterials' differential properties have led to substantial healing on in vivo cardiac injury models by promoting fibrotic scar reduction, hemodynamic function preservation, and benign cardiac remodeling. In this review, we discuss the interplay of the unique physical properties of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials, are able to manipulate the phenotypes and the electrophysiological behavior of cardiomyocytes in vitro, and can enhance heart regeneration in vivo. Consequently, the understanding of the decisive roles of the nano-biomaterials discussed in this review could be useful for designing novel nano-biomaterials in future research for cardiac tissue engineering and regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study introduced and deciphered the understanding of the role of multimodal cues in recent advances of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials on cardiac tissue engineering. Compared with other review papers, which mainly describe these studies based on various types of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials, in this review paper we mainly discussed the interplay of the unique physical properties (electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and topography) of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials, which would allow them to manipulate phenotypes and the electrophysiological behavior of cardiomyocytes in vitro and to enhance heart regeneration in vivo. Consequently, understanding the decisive roles of the nano-biomaterials discussed in the review could help design novel nano-biomaterials in future research for cardiac tissue engineering and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaretha Morsink
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America; Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands; Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America; University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, 49010-390 Aracaju, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, 49010-390 Aracaju, Brazil; Tiradentes Institute, 150 Mt Vernon St, Dorchester, MA 02125, United States of America
| | - Eder Luna-Ceron
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Mohammad A Hussain
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nebras Sobahi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America.
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13
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Ivanoska-Dacikj A, Makreski P, Geskovski N, Karbowniczek J, Stachewicz U, Novkovski N, Tanasić J, Ristić I, Bogoeva-Gaceva G. Electrospun PEO/rGO Scaffolds: The Influence of the Concentration of rGO on Overall Properties and Cytotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020988. [PMID: 35055172 PMCID: PMC8779283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is one of the graphene derivatives that can be employed to engineer bioactive and/or electroactive scaffolds. However, the influence of its low and especially high concentrations on scaffolds’ overall properties and cytotoxicity has yet to be explored. In this study, polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based scaffolds containing from 0.1 to 20 wt% rGO were obtained by electrospinning. Morphological, thermal and electrical properties of the scaffolds were characterized by SEM, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, DSC and electrical measurements. The diameter of the fibers decreased from 0.52 to 0.19 µm as the concentration of rGO increased from 0.1 wt% to 20 wt%. The presence of rGO above the percolation threshold (5.7 wt%) resulted in a significantly reduced electrical resistivity of the scaffolds. XRD and Raman analysis revealed delamination of the graphene layers (interlayer spacing increased from 0.36 nm to 0.40–0.41 nm), and exfoliation of rGO was detected for the samples with an rGO concentration lower than 1 wt%. In addition, an evident trend of increasing cell viability as a function of the rGO concentration was evidenced. The obtained results can serve as further guidance for the judicious selection of the rGO content incorporated into the PEO matrix for constructing electroactive scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Ivanoska-Dacikj
- Research Centre for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia; (N.N.); (G.B.-G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Petre Makreski
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Arhimedova 5, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Nikola Geskovski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Majka Tereza 47, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Joanna Karbowniczek
- Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland; (J.K.); (U.S.)
| | - Urszula Stachewicz
- Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland; (J.K.); (U.S.)
| | - Nenad Novkovski
- Research Centre for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia; (N.N.); (G.B.-G.)
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Arhimedova 3, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Jelena Tanasić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (J.T.); (I.R.)
| | - Ivan Ristić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (J.T.); (I.R.)
| | - Gordana Bogoeva-Gaceva
- Research Centre for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia; (N.N.); (G.B.-G.)
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Rugjer Bošković 16, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
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14
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Xue W, Du J, Li Q, Wang Y, Lu Y, Fan J, Yu S, Yang Y. Preparation, properties and application of graphene-based materials in tissue engineering scaffolds. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:1121-1136. [PMID: 34751592 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering has great application prospect as an effective treatment for tissue and organ injury, functional reduction or loss. Bioactive tissues are reconstructed and damaged organs are repaired by the three elements including cells, scaffold materials and growth factors. Graphene-based composites can be used as reinforcing auxiliary materials for tissue scaffold preparation because of their large specific surface area, and good mechanical support. Tissue engineering scaffolds with graphene-based composites have been widely studied. Part of research have focused on the application of graphene-based composites in single tissue engineering; The basic principles of graphene materials used in tissue engineering are summarized in some researches. Some studies emphasized the key problems and solutions urgently needed to be solved in the development of tissue engineering, and discussed their application prospect. Some related studies mainly focused on the conductivity of graphene, and discussed the application of electroactive scaffolds in tissue engineering. In this review, the composite materials for preparing tissue engineering scaffolds are briefly described, which emphasizes the preparation methods, biological properties and practical applications of graphene-based composite scaffolds. The synthetic techniques with stressing solvent casting, electrospinning and 3D printing are introduced in detail. The mechanical, cell-oriented and biocompatible properties of graphene-based composite scaffolds in tissue engineering are analyzed and summarized. Their applications in bone tissue engineering, nerve tissue engineering, cardiovascular tissue engineering and other tissue engineering are summarized systematically. In addition, this work also looks forward to the difficulties and challenges in the future research, providing some references for the follow-up research of graphene-based composites in tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Xue
- Shanxi Medical University, 74648, Taiyuan, Shanxi , China;
| | - Jinglei Du
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 74761, Taiyuan, Shanxi , China;
| | - Qiang Li
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 74761, Taiyuan, Shanxi , China;
| | - Yan Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, 74648, Taiyuan, Shanxi , China;
| | - Yemin Lu
- Shanxi Medical University, 74648, Taiyuan, Shanxi , China;
| | - Jiangbo Fan
- Shanxi Medical University, 74648, Taiyuan, Shanxi , China;
| | - Shiping Yu
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 74761, 582 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China, 030001;
| | - Yongzhen Yang
- Taiyuan University of Technology, 47846, Taiyuan, Shanxi , China;
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15
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Su Y, Toftdal MS, Le Friec A, Dong M, Han X, Chen M. 3D Electrospun Synthetic Extracellular Matrix for Tissue Regeneration. SMALL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Mette Steen Toftdal
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
- Stem Cell Delivery and Pharmacology Novo Nordisk A/S DK-2760 Måløv Denmark
| | - Alice Le Friec
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Xiaojun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Menglin Chen
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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16
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Al-Dhahebi AM, Gopinath SCB, Saheed MSM. Graphene impregnated electrospun nanofiber sensing materials: a comprehensive overview on bridging laboratory set-up to industry. NANO CONVERGENCE 2020; 7:27. [PMID: 32776254 PMCID: PMC7417471 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-020-00237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the unique structural characteristics as well as outstanding physio-chemical and electrical properties, graphene enables significant enhancement with the performance of electrospun nanofibers, leading to the generation of promising applications in electrospun-mediated sensor technologies. Electrospinning is a simple, cost-effective, and versatile technique relying on electrostatic repulsion between the surface charges to continuously synthesize various scalable assemblies from a wide array of raw materials with diameters down to few nanometers. Recently, electrospun nanocomposites have emerged as promising substrates with a great potential for constructing nanoscale biosensors due to their exceptional functional characteristics such as complex pore structures, high surface area, high catalytic and electron transfer, controllable surface conformation and modification, superior electric conductivity and unique mat structure. This review comprehends graphene-based nanomaterials (GNMs) (graphene, graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO and graphene quantum dots) impregnated electrospun polymer composites for the electro-device developments, which bridges the laboratory set-up to the industry. Different techniques in the base polymers (pre-processing methods) and surface modification methods (post-processing methods) to impregnate GNMs within electrospun polymer nanofibers are critically discussed. The performance and the usage as the electrochemical biosensors for the detection of wide range analytes are further elaborated. This overview catches a great interest and inspires various new opportunities across a wide range of disciplines and designs of miniaturized point-of-care devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Mohammed Al-Dhahebi
- Department of Fundamental & Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructure & Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Subash Chandra Bose Gopinath
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Shuaib Mohamed Saheed
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructure & Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS , 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
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17
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Zhang F, King MW. Biodegradable Polymers as the Pivotal Player in the Design of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901358. [PMID: 32424996 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers play a pivotal role in in situ tissue engineering. Utilizing various technologies, researchers have been able to fabricate 3D tissue engineering scaffolds using biodegradable polymers. They serve as temporary templates, providing physical and biochemical signals to the cells and determining the successful outcome of tissue remodeling. Furthermore, a biodegradable scaffold also presents the fourth dimension for tissue engineering, namely time. The properties of the biodegradable polymer change over time, presenting continuously changing features during the degradation process. These changes become more complicated when different materials are combined together to fabricate a composite or heterogeneous scaffold. This review undertakes a systematic analysis of the basic characteristics of biodegradable polymers and describe recent advances in making composite biodegradable scaffolds for in situ tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The interaction between implanted biodegradable biomaterials and the in vivo environment are also discussed, including the properties and functional changes of the degradable scaffold, the local effect of degradation on the contiguous tissue and their evaluation using both in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Wilson College of TextilesNorth Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27606 USA
| | - Martin W. King
- Wilson College of TextilesNorth Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27606 USA
- College of TextilesDonghua University Songjiang District Shanghai 201620 China
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18
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Blachowicz T, Ehrmann A. Conductive Electrospun Nanofiber Mats. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 13:E152. [PMID: 31906159 PMCID: PMC6981781 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Conductive nanofiber mats can be used in a broad variety of applications, such as electromagnetic shielding, sensors, multifunctional textile surfaces, organic photovoltaics, or biomedicine. While nanofibers or nanofiber from pure or blended polymers can in many cases unambiguously be prepared by electrospinning, creating conductive nanofibers is often more challenging. Integration of conductive nano-fillers often needs a calcination step to evaporate the non-conductive polymer matrix which is necessary for the electrospinning process, while conductive polymers have often relatively low molecular weights and are hard to dissolve in common solvents, both factors impeding spinning them solely and making a spinning agent necessary. On the other hand, conductive coatings may disturb the desired porous structure and possibly cause problems with biocompatibility or other necessary properties of the original nanofiber mats. Here we give an overview of the most recent developments in the growing field of conductive electrospun nanofiber mats, based on electrospinning blends of spinning agents with conductive polymers or nanoparticles, alternatively applying conductive coatings, and the possible applications of such conductive electrospun nanofiber mats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Blachowicz
- Institute of Physics—Centre for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Andrea Ehrmann
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
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19
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Norahan MH, Pourmokhtari M, Saeb MR, Bakhshi B, Soufi Zomorrod M, Baheiraei N. Electroactive cardiac patch containing reduced graphene oxide with potential antibacterial properties. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Multi-Functional Electrospun Nanofibers from Polymer Blends for Scaffold Tissue Engineering. FIBERS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/fib7070066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning and polymer blending have been the focus of research and the industry for their versatility, scalability, and potential applications across many different fields. In tissue engineering, nanofiber scaffolds composed of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or a mixture of both have been reported. This review reports recent advances in polymer blended scaffolds for tissue engineering and the fabrication of functional scaffolds by electrospinning. A brief theory of electrospinning and the general setup as well as modifications used are presented. Polymer blends, including blends with natural polymers, synthetic polymers, mixture of natural and synthetic polymers, and nanofiller systems, are discussed in detail and reviewed.
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