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Strunk T, Joshi A, Moeinkhah M, Renzelmann T, Dierker L, Grotheer D, Graupner N, Müssig J, Brüggemann D. Structure, Properties and Degradation of Self-Assembled Fibrinogen Nanofiber Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 39226515 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled fibrinogen nanofibers are promising candidates for skin tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility and ability to mimic the native blood clot architecture. Here, we studied the structure-property relationship and degradation of rehydrated fibrinogen nanofibers prepared by salt-induced self-assembly, focusing on the effect of scaffold layering, cross-linking time and freeze-drying. Optimal fiber stability was achieved with cross-linking by formaldehyde (FA) vapor, while treatment with liquid aldehydes, genipin, EDC, and transglutaminase failed to preserve the nanofibrous architecture upon rehydration. Scaffold layering did not significantly influence the mechanical properties but changed the scaffold architecture, with bulk fiber scaffolds being more compact than layered scaffolds. Freeze-drying maintained the mechanical properties and interconnected pore network with average pore diameters around 20 μm, which will enhance the storage stability of self-assembled fibrinogen scaffolds. Varying cross-linking times altered the scaffold mechanics without affecting the swelling behavior, indicating that scaffold hydration can be controlled independently of the mechanical characteristics. Cross-linking times of 240 min increased scaffold stiffness and decreased elongation, while 30 min resulted in mechanical properties similar to native skin. Cross-linking for 120 min was found to reduce scaffold degradation by various enzymes in comparison to 60 min. Overall, after 35 days of incubation, plasmin and a combination of urokinase and plasminogen exhibited the strongest degradative effect, with nanofibers being more susceptible to enzymatic degradation than planar fibrinogen due to their higher specific surface area. Based on these results, self-assembled fibrinogen fiber scaffolds show great potential for future applications in soft tissue engineering that require controlled structure-function relationships and degradation characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Strunk
- Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Arundhati Joshi
- Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Mahta Moeinkhah
- Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Timon Renzelmann
- Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Lea Dierker
- Hochschule Bremen - City University of Applied Sciences, Neustadtswall 30, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Grotheer
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Nina Graupner
- HSB - City University of Applied Sciences, Department of Biomimetics, The Biological Materials Group, Neustadtswall 30, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jörg Müssig
- HSB - City University of Applied Sciences, Department of Biomimetics, The Biological Materials Group, Neustadtswall 30, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Brüggemann
- Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Liška V, Willimetz R, Kubát P, Křtěnová P, Gyepes R, Mosinger J. Synergistic photogeneration of nitric oxide and singlet oxygen by nanofiber membranes via blue and/or red-light irradiation: Strong antibacterial action. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 255:112906. [PMID: 38688040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
New functionalities were added to biocompatible polycaprolactone nanofiber materials through the co-encapsulation of chlorin e6 trimethyl ester (Ce6) photogenerating singlet oxygen and absorbing light both in the blue and red regions, and using 4-(N-(aminopropyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-4-nitrobenzenamine)-7-nitrobenzofurazan, NO-photodonor (NOP), absorbing light in the blue region of visible light. Time-resolved and steady-state luminescence, as well as absorption spectroscopy, were used to monitor both photoactive compounds. The nanofiber material exhibited photogeneration of antibacterial species, specifically nitric oxide and singlet oxygen, upon visible light excitation. This process resulted in the efficient photodynamic inactivation of E. coli not only close to nanofiber material surfaces due to short-lived singlet oxygen, but even at longer distances due to diffusion of longer-lived nitric oxide. Interestingly, nitric oxide was also formed by processes involving photosensitization of Ce6 during irradiation by red light. This is promising for numerous applications, especially in the biomedical field, where strictly local photogeneration of NO and its therapeutic benefits can be applied using excitation in the "human body phototherapeutic window" (600-850 nm). Generally, due to the high permeability of red light, the photogeneration of NO can be achieved in any aqueous environment where direct excitation of NOP to its absorbance in the blue region is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Liška
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Willimetz
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kubát
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Křtěnová
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Gyepes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education of J. Selye University, Bratislavská 3322, 945 01 Komárno, Slovak Republic
| | - Jiří Mosinger
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Dutta D, Graupner N, Müssig J, Brüggemann D. Assembly of Rolled-Up Collagen Constructs on Porous Alumina Textiles. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2023; 3:286-294. [PMID: 37601922 PMCID: PMC10436369 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.3c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Developing new techniques to prepare free-standing tubular scaffolds has always been a challenge in the field of regenerative medicine. Here, we report a new and simple way to prepare free-standing collagen constructs with rolled-up architecture by self-assembling nanofibers on porous alumina (Al2O3) textiles modified with different silanes, carbon or gold. Following self-assembly and cross-linking with glutaraldehyde, collagen nanofibers spontaneously rolled up on the modified Al2O3 textiles and detached. The resulting collagen constructs had an inner diameter of approximately 2 to 4 mm in a rolled-up state and could be easily detached from the underlying textiles. Mechanical testing of wet collagen scaffolds following detachment yielded mean values of 3.5 ± 1.9 MPa for the tensile strength, 41.0 ± 20.8 MPa for the Young's modulus and 8.1 ± 3.7% for the elongation at break. No roll-up was observed on Al2O3 textiles without any modification, where collagen did not assemble into fibers, either. Blends of collagen and chitosan were also found to roll into fibrous constructs on silanized Al2O3 textiles, while fibrinogen nanofibers or blends of collagen and elastin did not yield such structures. Based on these differences, we hypothesize that textile surface charge and protein charge, in combination with the porous architecture of protein nanofibers and differences in mechanical strain, are key factors in inducing a scaffold roll-up. Further studies are required to develop the observed roll-up effect into a reproducible biofabrication process that can enable the controlled production of free-standing collagen-based tubes for soft tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepanjalee Dutta
- Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Nina Graupner
- The Biological Materials Group, Biomimetics, Faculty 5, HSB - City University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Neustadtswall 30, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jörg Müssig
- The Biological Materials Group, Biomimetics, Faculty 5, HSB - City University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Neustadtswall 30, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Brüggemann
- Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Jiang Z, Zheng Z, Yu S, Gao Y, Ma J, Huang L, Yang L. Nanofiber Scaffolds as Drug Delivery Systems Promoting Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1829. [PMID: 37514015 PMCID: PMC10384736 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofiber scaffolds have emerged as a revolutionary drug delivery platform for promoting wound healing, due to their unique properties, including high surface area, interconnected porosity, excellent breathability, and moisture absorption, as well as their spatial structure which mimics the extracellular matrix. However, the use of nanofibers to achieve controlled drug loading and release still presents many challenges, with ongoing research still exploring how to load drugs onto nanofiber scaffolds without loss of activity and how to control their release in a specific spatiotemporal manner. This comprehensive study systematically reviews the applications and recent advances related to drug-laden nanofiber scaffolds for skin-wound management. First, we introduce commonly used methods for nanofiber preparation, including electrostatic spinning, sol-gel, molecular self-assembly, thermally induced phase separation, and 3D-printing techniques. Next, we summarize the polymers used in the preparation of nanofibers and drug delivery methods utilizing nanofiber scaffolds. We then review the application of drug-loaded nanofiber scaffolds for wound healing, considering the different stages of wound healing in which the drug acts. Finally, we briefly describe stimulus-responsive drug delivery schemes for nanofiber scaffolds, as well as other exciting drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Jiang
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zijun Zheng
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shengxiang Yu
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanbin Gao
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Joshi A, Nuntapramote T, Brüggemann D. Self-Assembled Fibrinogen Scaffolds Support Cocultivation of Human Dermal Fibroblasts and HaCaT Keratinocytes. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:8650-8663. [PMID: 36910955 PMCID: PMC9996769 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled fibrinogen scaffolds are highly attractive biomaterials to mimic native blood clots. To explore their potential for wound healing, we studied the interaction of cocultures of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and HaCaT keratinocytes with nanofibrous, planar, and physisorbed fibrinogen. Cell viability analysis indicated that the growth of HDFs and HaCaTs was supported by all fibrinogen topographies until 14 days, either in mono- or coculture. Using scanning electron microscopy and cytoskeletal staining, we observed that the native morphology of both cell types was preserved on all topographies. Expression of the marker proteins vimentin and cytokeratin-14 showed that the native phenotype of fibroblasts and undifferentiated keratinocytes, respectively, was maintained. HDFs displayed their characteristic wound healing phenotype, characterized by expression of fibronectin. Finally, to mimic the multilayered microenvironment of skin, we established successive cocultures of both cells, for which we found consistently high metabolic activities. SEM analysis revealed that HaCaTs arranged into a confluent top layer after 14 days, while fluorescent labeling confirmed the presence of both cells in the layered structure after 6 days. In conclusion, all fibrinogen topographies successfully supported the cocultivation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes, with fibrinogen nanofibers being particularly attractive for skin regeneration due to their biomimetic porous architecture and the technical possibility to be detached from an underlying substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Joshi
- Institute
for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Titinun Nuntapramote
- Institute
for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Brüggemann
- Institute
for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MAPEX
Center for Materials and Processes, University
of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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6
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Cao L, Huang Y, Parakhonskiy B, Skirtach AG. Nanoarchitectonics beyond perfect order - not quite perfect but quite useful. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15964-16002. [PMID: 36278502 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02537j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanoarchitectonics, like architectonics, allows the design and building of structures, but at the nanoscale. Unlike those in architectonics, and even macro-, micro-, and atomic-scale architectonics, the assembled structures at the nanoscale do not always follow the projected design. In fact, they do follow the projected design but only for self-assembly processes producing structures with perfect order. Here, we look at nanoarchitectonics allowing the building of nanostructures without a perfect arrangement of building blocks. Here, fabrication of structures from molecules, polymers, nanoparticles, and nanosheets to polymer brushes, layer-by-layer assembly structures, and hydrogels through self-assembly processes is discussed, where perfect order is not necessarily the aim to be achieved. Both planar substrate and spherical template-based assemblies are discussed, showing the challenging nature of research in this field and the usefulness of such structures for numerous applications, which are also discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cao
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Yanqi Huang
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bogdan Parakhonskiy
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Kenny M, Stamboroski S, Taher R, Brüggemann D, Schoen I. Nanofiber Topographies Enhance Platelet-Fibrinogen Scaffold Interactions. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200249. [PMID: 35526111 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The initial contact with blood and its components, including plasma proteins and platelets, directs the body's response to foreign materials. Natural scaffolds of extracellular matrix or fibrin contain fibrils with nanoscale dimensions, but how platelets specifically respond to the topography and architecture of fibrous materials is still incompletely understood. Here, planar and nanofiber scaffolds are fabricated from native fibrinogen to characterize the morphology of adherent platelets and activation markers for phosphatidylserine exposure and α-granule secretion by confocal fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Different fibrinogen topographies equally support the spreading and α-granule secretion of washed platelets. In contrast, preincubation of the scaffolds with plasma diminishes platelet spreading on planar fibrinogen surfaces but not on nanofibers. The data show that the enhanced interactions of platelets with nanofibers result from a higher locally accessible surface area, effectively increasing the ligand density for integrin-mediated responses. Overall, fibrinogen nanofibers direct platelets toward robust adhesion formation and α-granule secretion while minimizing their procoagulant activity. Similar results on fibrinogen-coated polydimethylsiloxane substrates with micrometer-sized 3D features suggest that surface topography could be used more generally to steer blood-materials interactions on different length scales for enhancing the initial wound healing steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kenny
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) 123 St Stephen's Green Dublin D02 YN77 Ireland
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) 123 St Stephen's Green Dublin D02 YN77 Ireland
| | - Stephani Stamboroski
- Institute for Biophysics University of Bremen Otto‐Hahn‐Allee 1 Bremen 28359 Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials (IFAM) Wiener Strasse 12 Bremen 28359 Germany
| | - Reem Taher
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) 123 St Stephen's Green Dublin D02 YN77 Ireland
| | - Dorothea Brüggemann
- Institute for Biophysics University of Bremen Otto‐Hahn‐Allee 1 Bremen 28359 Germany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes University of Bremen Bremen 28359 Germany
| | - Ingmar Schoen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) 123 St Stephen's Green Dublin D02 YN77 Ireland
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) 123 St Stephen's Green Dublin D02 YN77 Ireland
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Stamboroski S, Boateng K, Lierath J, Kowalik T, Thiel K, Köppen S, Noeske PLM, Brüggemann D. Influence of Divalent Metal Ions on the Precipitation of the Plasma Protein Fibrinogen. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4642-4658. [PMID: 34670087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fibrinogen nanofibers are very attractive biomaterials to mimic the native blood clot architecture. Previously, we reported the self-assembly of fibrinogen nanofibers in the presence of monovalent salts and have now studied how divalent salts influence fibrinogen precipitation. Although the secondary fibrinogen structure was significantly altered with divalent metal ions, morphological analysis revealed exclusively smooth fibrinogen precipitates. In situ monitoring of the surface roughness facilitated predicting the tendency of various salts to form fibrinogen fibers or smooth films. Analysis of the chemical composition revealed that divalent salts were removed from smooth fibrinogen films upon rinsing while monovalent Na+ species were still present in fibrinogen fibers. Therefore, we assume that the decisive factor controlling the morphology of fibrinogen precipitates is direct ion-protein contact, which requires disruption of the ion-surrounding hydration shells. We conclude that in fibrinogen aggregates, this mechanism is effective only for monovalent ions, whereas divalent ions are limited to indirect fibrinogen adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephani Stamboroski
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Strasse 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany.,Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Kwasi Boateng
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Strasse 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany.,Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jana Lierath
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Strasse 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany.,Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Thomas Kowalik
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Strasse 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Karsten Thiel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Strasse 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Susan Köppen
- Hybrid Materials Interfaces Group, Faculty of Production Engineering and Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, Am Fallturm 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.,MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Paul-Ludwig Michael Noeske
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Strasse 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Brüggemann
- Institute for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.,MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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