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Snow F, O'Connell C, Yang P, Kita M, Pirogova E, Williams RJ, Kapsa RMI, Quigley A. Engineering interfacial tissues: The myotendinous junction. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:021505. [PMID: 38841690 PMCID: PMC11151436 DOI: 10.1063/5.0189221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The myotendinous junction (MTJ) is the interface connecting skeletal muscle and tendon tissues. This specialized region represents the bridge that facilitates the transmission of contractile forces from muscle to tendon, and ultimately the skeletal system for the creation of movement. MTJs are, therefore, subject to high stress concentrations, rendering them susceptible to severe, life-altering injuries. Despite the scarcity of knowledge obtained from MTJ formation during embryogenesis, several attempts have been made to engineer this complex interfacial tissue. These attempts, however, fail to achieve the level of maturity and mechanical complexity required for in vivo transplantation. This review summarizes the strategies taken to engineer the MTJ, with an emphasis on how transitioning from static to mechanically inducive dynamic cultures may assist in achieving myotendinous maturity.
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Wang L, Shi Y, Qiu Z, Dang J, Sun L, Qu X, He J, Fan H. Bioactive 3D Electrohydrodynamic Printed Lattice Architectures Augment Tenogenesis of Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:18574-18590. [PMID: 38567837 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Tendon defect repair remains a tough clinical procedure that hinders functional motion in patients. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) three-dimensional (3D) printing, as a novel strategy, can controllably fabricate biomimetic micro/nanoscale architecture, but the hydrophobic and bioinert nature of polymers might be adverse to cell-material interplay. In this work, 3D EHD printed polycaprolactone (PCL) was immobilized on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) using polydopamine (PDA), and the proliferation and tenogenic differentiation of tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) in vitro was researched. A subcutaneous model was established to evaluate the effects of tenogenesis and immunomodulation. We then investigated the in situ implantation and immunomodulation effects in an Achilles tendon defect model. After immobilization of bFGF, the scaffolds profoundly facilitated proliferation and tenogenic differentiation; however, PDA had only a proliferative effect. Intriguingly, the bFGF immobilized on EHD printed PCL indicated a synergistic effect on the highest expression of tenogenic gene and protein markers at 14 days, and the tenogenesis may be induced by activating the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signal pathway in vitro. The subcutaneous engraftment study confirmed a tendon-like structure, similar to that of the native tendon, as well as an M2 macrophage polarization effect. Additionally, the bioactive scaffold exhibited superior efficacy in new collagen formation and repair of Achilles tendon defects. Our study revealed that the topographic cues alone were insufficient to trigger tenogenic differentiation, requiring appropriate chemical signals, and that appropriate immunomodulation was conducive to tenogenesis. The tenogenesis of TSPCs on the bioactive scaffold may be correlated with the TGF-β signal pathway and M2 macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yubo Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhennan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Rapid Manufacturing Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jingyi Dang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Liguo Sun
- Shaanxi Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710018, China
| | - Xiaoli Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Rapid Manufacturing Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiankang He
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Rapid Manufacturing Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongbin Fan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Beachley V, Kuo J, Kasyanov V, Mironov V, Wen X. Biomimetic crimped/aligned microstructure to optimize the mechanics of fibrous hybrid materials for compliant vascular grafts. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 150:106301. [PMID: 38141364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The precise mechanical properties of many tissues are highly dependent on both the composition and arrangement of the nanofibrous extracellular matrix. It is well established that collagen nanofibers exhibit a crimped microstructure in several tissues such as blood vessel, tendon, and heart valve. This collagen fiber arrangement results in the classic non-linear 'J-shaped' stress strain curve characteristic of these tissues. Synthetic biomimetic fibrous materials with a crimped microstructure similar to natural collagen demonstrate similar mechanical properties to natural tissues. The following work describes a nanofabrication method based on electrospinning used to fabricate two component hybrid electrospun fibrous materials that mimic the microstructure and mechanical properties of vascular tissue. The properties of these samples can be precisely and predictably optimized by modifying fabrication parameters. Tubular grafts with biomimetic microstructure were constructed to demonstrate the potential of this fabrication method in vascular graft replacement applications. It was possible to closely match both the overall geometry and the compliance of specific blood vessels by optimizing graft microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince Beachley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA.
| | - Jonathan Kuo
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | | | - Vladimir Mironov
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Xuejun Wen
- Institute for Engineering and Medicine, Virgina Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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4
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Koch SM, Goldhahn C, Müller FJ, Yan W, Pilz-Allen C, Bidan CM, Ciabattoni B, Stricker L, Fratzl P, Keplinger T, Burgert I. Anisotropic wood-hydrogel composites: Extending mechanical properties of wood towards soft materials' applications. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100772. [PMID: 37674781 PMCID: PMC10477686 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Delignified wood (DW) offers a versatile platform for the manufacturing of composites, with material properties ranging from stiff to soft and flexible by preserving the preferential fiber directionality of natural wood through a structure-retaining production process. This study presents a facile method for fabricating anisotropic and mechanically tunable DW-hydrogel composites. These composites were produced by infiltrating delignified spruce wood with an aqueous gelatin solution followed by chemical crosslinking. The mechanical properties could be modulated across a broad strength and stiffness range (1.2-18.3 MPa and 170-1455 MPa, respectively) by varying the crosslinking time. The diffusion-led crosslinking further allowed to manufacture mechanically graded structures. The resulting uniaxial, tubular structure of the anisotropic DW-hydrogel composite enabled the alignment of murine fibroblasts in vitro, which could be utilized in future studies on potential applications in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Marie Koch
- Wood Materials Science, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- WoodTec Group, Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Christian Goldhahn
- Wood Materials Science, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florence J. Müller
- Soft Materials Group, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wenqing Yan
- Wood Materials Science, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- WoodTec Group, Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Christine Pilz-Allen
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Cécile M. Bidan
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Beatrice Ciabattoni
- Wood Materials Science, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Stricker
- Wood Materials Science, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tobias Keplinger
- Wood Materials Science, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ingo Burgert
- Wood Materials Science, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- WoodTec Group, Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
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5
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Hahn J, Gögele C, Schulze-Tanzil G. Could an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Be Tissue-Engineered from Silk? Cells 2023; 12:2350. [PMID: 37830564 PMCID: PMC10571837 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Silk has a long history as an exclusive textile, but also as a suture thread in medicine; nowadays, diverse cell carriers are manufactured from silk. Its advantages are manifold, including high biocompatibility, biomechanical strength and processability (approved for nearly all manufacturing techniques). Silk's limitations, such as scarcity and batch to batch variations, are overcome by gene technology, which allows for the upscaled production of recombinant "designed" silk proteins. For processing thin fibroin filaments, the sericin component is generally removed (degumming). In contrast to many synthetic biomaterials, fibroin allows for superior cell adherence and growth. In addition, silk grafts demonstrate superior mechanical performance and long-term stability, making them attractive for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tissue engineering. Looking at these promising properties, this review focusses on the responses of cell types to silk variants, as well as their biomechanical properties, which are relevant for ACL tissue engineering. Meanwhile, sericin has also attracted increasing interest and has been proposed as a bioactive biomaterial with antimicrobial properties. But so far, fibroin was exclusively used for experimental ACL tissue engineering approaches, and fibroin from spider silk also seems not to have been applied. To improve the bone integration of ACL grafts, silk scaffolds with osteogenic functionalization, silk-based tunnel fillers and interference screws have been developed. Nevertheless, signaling pathways stimulated by silk components remain barely elucidated, but need to be considered during the development of optimized silk cell carriers for ACL tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Hahn
- Workgroup BioEngineering, Institute of Polymer Materials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Clemens Gögele
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg and Salzburg, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany;
| | - Gundula Schulze-Tanzil
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg and Salzburg, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany;
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Li Y, Meng Q, Chen S, Ling P, Kuss MA, Duan B, Wu S. Advances, challenges, and prospects for surgical suture materials. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:78-112. [PMID: 37516417 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
As one of the long-established and necessary medical devices, surgical sutures play an essentially important role in the closing and healing of damaged tissues and organs postoperatively. The recent advances in multiple disciplines, like materials science, engineering technology, and biomedicine, have facilitated the generation of various innovative surgical sutures with humanization and multi-functionalization. For instance, the application of numerous absorbable materials is assuredly a marvelous progression in terms of surgical sutures. Moreover, some fantastic results from recent laboratory research cannot be ignored either, ranging from the fiber generation to the suture structure, as well as the suture modification, functionalization, and even intellectualization. In this review, the suture materials, including natural or synthetic polymers, absorbable or non-absorbable polymers, and metal materials, were first introduced, and then their advantages and disadvantages were summarized. Then we introduced and discussed various fiber fabrication strategies for the production of surgical sutures. Noticeably, advanced nanofiber generation strategies were highlighted. This review further summarized a wide and diverse variety of suture structures and further discussed their different features. After that, we covered the advanced design and development of surgical sutures with multiple functionalizations, which mainly included surface coating technologies and direct drug-loading technologies. Meanwhile, the review highlighted some smart and intelligent sutures that can monitor the wound status in a real-time manner and provide on-demand therapies accordingly. Furthermore, some representative commercial sutures were also introduced and summarized. At the end of this review, we discussed the challenges and future prospects in the field of surgical sutures in depth. This review aims to provide a meaningful reference and guidance for the future design and fabrication of innovative surgical sutures. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review article introduces the recent advances of surgical sutures, including material selection, fiber morphology, suture structure and construction, as well as suture modification, functionalization, and even intellectualization. Importantly, some innovative strategies for the construction of multifunctional sutures with predetermined biological properties are highlighted. Moreover, some important commercial suture products are systematically summarized and compared. This review also discusses the challenges and future prospects of advanced sutures in a deep manner. In all, this review is expected to arouse great interest from a broad group of readers in the fields of multifunctional biomaterials and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qi Meng
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shaojuan Chen
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Peixue Ling
- Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Mitchell A Kuss
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Shaohua Wu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Jinan, 250101, China.
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7
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Huang L, Chen L, Chen H, Wang M, Jin L, Zhou S, Gao L, Li R, Li Q, Wang H, Zhang C, Wang J. Biomimetic Scaffolds for Tendon Tissue Regeneration. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:246. [PMID: 37366841 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon tissue connects muscle to bone and plays crucial roles in stress transfer. Tendon injury remains a significant clinical challenge due to its complicated biological structure and poor self-healing capacity. The treatments for tendon injury have advanced significantly with the development of technology, including the use of sophisticated biomaterials, bioactive growth factors, and numerous stem cells. Among these, biomaterials that the mimic extracellular matrix (ECM) of tendon tissue would provide a resembling microenvironment to improve efficacy in tendon repair and regeneration. In this review, we will begin with a description of the constituents and structural features of tendon tissue, followed by a focus on the available biomimetic scaffolds of natural or synthetic origin for tendon tissue engineering. Finally, we will discuss novel strategies and present challenges in tendon regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvxing Huang
- School of Savaid Stomatology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Le Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hengyi Chen
- School of Savaid Stomatology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Manju Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Letian Jin
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shenghai Zhou
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Lexin Gao
- School of Savaid Stomatology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ruwei Li
- School of Savaid Stomatology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Quan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hanchang Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Junjuan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Wang Q, Ma J, Chen S, Wu S. Designing an Innovative Electrospinning Strategy to Generate PHBV Nanofiber Scaffolds with a Radially Oriented Fibrous Pattern. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13071150. [PMID: 37049244 PMCID: PMC10096766 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning has contributed substantially to the construction of nanofibrous scaffolds for potential tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. However, conventional electrospinning only has the ability to generate and collect nanofiber scaffolds with a randomly oriented fibrous pattern, which lack the necessary cell alignment guidance function. In this study, a novel electrospinning fiber-collecting device was designed and developed by setting a series of small pin-ring-structured collectors on a large plain plate. Specifically, we demonstrated that the pin-ring-structured collectors, which were constructed by inserting a metal pin into the center of a metal ring, could collect the as-electrospun nanofibers with radially oriented structures in an innovative manner. We first investigated the suitable polymeric concentration for electrospinning poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), and the optimum electrospinning concentration of PHBV was found to be 12% (w/v) PHBV dissolved in hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol (HFIP). Then, 12% (w/v) PHBV solution was electrospun into radially oriented nanofiber scaffolds using our novel electrospinning strategy, and their various performances were further compared with conventionally randomly oriented nanofiber scaffolds that were also produced from 12% (w/v) PHBV solution. The results showed that the radially oriented PHBV nanofiber scaffolds exhibited obviously enhanced mechanical properties and decreased hydrophobicity compared with the randomly oriented PHBV nanofiber scaffold controls. Importantly, the biological properties of radially oriented PHBV nanofiber scaffolds were also demonstrated to be enhanced, compared with randomly oriented PHBV nanofiber scaffolds, by effectively inducing cell alignment and significantly promoting cell proliferation. In sum, the present study indicates that our as-prepared nanofiber scaffolds with a radially oriented pattern are of great interest for advanced applications, such as wound dressings and tissue-engineered scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianwei Ma
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shaojuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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9
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Gomez-Cerezo MN, Perevoshchikova N, Ruan R, Moerman KM, Bindra R, Lloyd DG, Zheng MH, Saxby DJ, Vaquette C. Additively manufactured polyethylene terephthalate scaffolds for scapholunate interosseous ligament reconstruction. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 149:213397. [PMID: 37023566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The regeneration of the ruptured scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL) represents a clinical challenge. Here, we propose the use of a Bone-Ligament-Bone (BLB) 3D-printed polyethylene terephthalate (PET) scaffold for achieving mechanical stabilisation of the scaphoid and lunate following SLIL rupture. The BLB scaffold featured two bone compartments bridged by aligned fibres (ligament compartment) mimicking the architecture of the native tissue. The scaffold presented tensile stiffness in the range of 260 ± 38 N/mm and ultimate load of 113 ± 13 N, which would support physiological loading. A finite element analysis (FEA), using inverse finite element analysis (iFEA) for material property identification, showed an adequate fit between simulation and experimental data. The scaffold was then biofunctionalized using two different methods: injected with a Gelatin Methacryloyl solution containing human mesenchymal stem cell spheroids (hMSC) or seeded with tendon-derived stem cells (TDSC) and placed in a bioreactor to undergo cyclic deformation. The first approach demonstrated high cell viability, as cells migrated out of the spheroid and colonised the interstitial space of the scaffold. These cells adopted an elongated morphology suggesting the internal architecture of the scaffold exerted topographical guidance. The second method demonstrated the high resilience of the scaffold to cyclic deformation and the secretion of a fibroblastic related protein was enhanced by the mechanical stimulation. This process promoted the expression of relevant proteins, such as Tenomodulin (TNMD), indicating mechanical stimulation may enhance cell differentiation and be useful prior to surgical implantation. In conclusion, the PET scaffold presented several promising characteristics for the immediate mechanical stabilisation of disassociated scaphoid and lunate and, in the longer-term, the regeneration of the ruptured SLIL.
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10
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Li K, Zhang X, Wang D, Tuan RS, Ker DFE. Synergistic effects of growth factor-based serum-free medium and tendon-like substrate topography on tenogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 146:213316. [PMID: 36736265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Addressing clinical challenges for tendon injuries requires a deeper understanding of the effects that biological and biophysical cues have on tenogenesis. Although prior studies have identified tenogenic growth factors (GFs) or elucidated the effects of substrate topography on tenocyte behavior, few have characterized their combined effect in the presence of a tendon-like substrate. In this study, we assessed the effect of biological (GFs) and biophysical (substrate topography) cues on tenogenic proliferation and differentiation under defined, serum-free conditions. Specifically, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured in a serum-free culture medium containing a GF cocktail comprised of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), either alone or in combination with tendon-like substrate topography produced by replica casting of tendon tissue sections. Our data demonstrated that the use of serum-free GF cocktail medium alone promoted hMSC proliferation, as shown via DNA staining as well as Ki67 protein levels and gene expression. In particular, gene expression of Ki67 was increased by 8.46-fold in all three donors relative to serum-free medium control. Also, serum-free GF cocktail promoted tenogenic differentiation, on the basis of expression of tendon-associated gene and protein markers, scleraxis (SCX), tenascin C (TNC), and collagen type I (COL1A1) including increased normalized collagen production by 1.4-fold in two donors relative to serum-free medium control. Interestingly, hMSCs cultured on a tendon-like substrate exhibited highly oriented cell morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) alignment reminiscent of tendon. In particular, when this GF cocktail was combined with tendon-like topography, they showed a synergistically increased expression of tendon-related markers and anisotropic organization of ECM proteins with moderate-to-large effect sizes. Together, in addition to showing the utility of a GF cocktail for expansion and differentiation of tenocyte-like cells, our findings clearly demonstrate the synergistic relationship between GF-mediated and substrate topography-related effects on hMSC tenogenic differentiation. This information provides insights into the design of strategies that combine biological and biophysical cues for ex vivo tenocyte production and tendon tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Xu Zhang
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Dai Fei Elmer Ker
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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11
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Ning C, Li P, Gao C, Fu L, Liao Z, Tian G, Yin H, Li M, Sui X, Yuan Z, Liu S, Guo Q. Recent advances in tendon tissue engineering strategy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1115312. [PMID: 36890920 PMCID: PMC9986339 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1115312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries often result in significant pain and disability and impose severe clinical and financial burdens on our society. Despite considerable achievements in the field of regenerative medicine in the past several decades, effective treatments remain a challenge due to the limited natural healing capacity of tendons caused by poor cell density and vascularization. The development of tissue engineering has provided more promising results in regenerating tendon-like tissues with compositional, structural and functional characteristics comparable to those of native tendon tissues. Tissue engineering is the discipline of regenerative medicine that aims to restore the physiological functions of tissues by using a combination of cells and materials, as well as suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors. In this review, following a discussion of tendon structure, injury and healing, we aim to elucidate the current strategies (biomaterials, scaffold fabrication techniques, cells, biological adjuncts, mechanical loading and bioreactors, and the role of macrophage polarization in tendon regeneration), challenges and future directions in the field of tendon tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ning
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pinxue Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Fu
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyao Liao
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhao Tian
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han Yin
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muzhe Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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12
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Cai J, Liu J, Xu J, Li Y, Zheng T, Zhang T, Han K, Chen S, Jiang J, Wu S, Zhao J. Constructing high-strength nano-micro fibrous woven scaffolds with native-like anisotropic structure and immunoregulatory function for tendon repair and regeneration. Biofabrication 2023; 15:025002. [PMID: 36608336 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acb106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tendon injuries are common debilitating musculoskeletal diseases with high treatment expenditure in sports medicine. The development of tendon-biomimetic scaffolds may be promising for improving the unsatisfactory clinical outcomes of traditional therapies. In this study, we combined an advanced electrospun nanofiber yarn-generating technique with a traditional textile manufacturing strategy to fabricate innovative nano-micro fibrous woven scaffolds with tendon-like anisotropic structure and high-strength mechanical properties for the treatment of large-size tendon injury. Electrospun nanofiber yarns made from pure poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) or silk fibroin (SF)/PLLA blend were fabricated, and their mechanical properties matched and even exceeded those of commercial PLLA microfiber yarns. The PLLA or SF/PLLA nanofiber yarns were then employed as weft yarns interlaced with commercial PLLA microfiber yarns as warp yarns to generate two new types of nanofibrous scaffolds (nmPLLA and nmSF/PLLA) with a plain-weaving structure. Woven scaffolds made from pure PLLA microfiber yarns (both weft and warp directions) (mmPLLA) were used as controls.In vitroexperiments showed that the nmSF/PLLA woven scaffold with aligned fibrous topography significantly promoted cell adhesion, elongation, proliferation, and phenotypic maintenance of tenocytes compared with mmPLLA and nmPLLA woven scaffolds. Moreover, the nmSF/PLLA woven scaffold exhibited the strongest immunoregulatory functions and effectively modulated macrophages towards the M2 phenotype.In vivoexperiments revealed that the nmSF/PLLA woven scaffold notably facilitated Achilles tendon regeneration with improved structure by macroscopic, histological, and ultrastructural observations six months after surgery, compared with the other two groups. More importantly, the regenerated tissue in the nmSF/PLLA group had excellent biomechanical properties comparable to those of the native tendon. Overall, our study provides an innovative biological-free strategy with ready-to-use features, which presents great potential for clinical translation for damaged tendon repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyu Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Liu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianlun Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Han
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojuan Chen
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
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13
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Qi Y, Wang C, Wang Q, Zhou F, Li T, Wang B, Su W, Shang D, Wu S. A simple, quick, and cost-effective strategy to fabricate polycaprolactone/silk fibroin nanofiber yarns for biotextile-based tissue scaffold application. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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14
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Zhang M, Wang Z, Zhang A, Liu L, Mithieux SM, Bilek MMM, Weiss AS. Development of tropoelastin-functionalized anisotropic PCL scaffolds for musculoskeletal tissue engineering. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac087. [PMID: 36683733 PMCID: PMC9845519 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly organized extracellular matrix (ECM) of musculoskeletal tissues, encompassing tendons, ligaments and muscles, is structurally anisotropic, hierarchical and multi-compartmental. These features collectively contribute to their unique function. Previous studies have investigated the effect of tissue-engineered scaffold anisotropy on cell morphology and organization for musculoskeletal tissue repair and regeneration, but the hierarchical arrangement of ECM and compartmentalization are not typically replicated. Here, we present a method for multi-compartmental scaffold design that allows for physical mimicry of the spatial architecture of musculoskeletal tissue in regenerative medicine. This design is based on an ECM-inspired macromolecule scaffold. Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds were fabricated with aligned fibers by electrospinning and mechanical stretching, and then surface-functionalized with the cell-supporting ECM protein molecule, tropoelastin (TE). TE was attached using two alternative methods that allowed for either physisorption or covalent attachment, where the latter was achieved by plasma ion immersion implantation (PIII). Aligned fibers stimulated cell elongation and improved cell alignment, in contrast to randomly oriented fibers. TE coatings bound by physisorption or covalently following 200 s PIII treatment promoted fibroblast proliferation. This represents the first cytocompatibility assessment of novel PIII-treated TE-coated PCL scaffolds. To demonstrate their versatility, these 2D anisotropic PCL scaffolds were assembled into 3D hierarchical constructs with an internally compartmentalized structure to mimic the structure of musculoskeletal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Anyu Zhang
- Applied and Plasma Physics Laboratory, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Linyang Liu
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Mithieux
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Marcela M M Bilek
- Applied and Plasma Physics Laboratory, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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15
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Zhu S, He Z, Ji L, Zhang W, Tong Y, Luo J, Zhang Y, Li Y, Meng X, Bi Q. Advanced Nanofiber-Based Scaffolds for Achilles Tendon Regenerative Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:897010. [PMID: 35845401 PMCID: PMC9280267 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.897010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Achilles tendon (AT) is responsible for running, jumping, and standing. The AT injuries are very common in the population. In the adult population (21–60 years), the incidence of AT injuries is approximately 2.35 per 1,000 people. It negatively impacts people’s quality of life and increases the medical burden. Due to its low cellularity and vascular deficiency, AT has a poor healing ability. Therefore, AT injury healing has attracted a lot of attention from researchers. Current AT injury treatment options cannot effectively restore the mechanical structure and function of AT, which promotes the development of AT regenerative tissue engineering. Various nanofiber-based scaffolds are currently being explored due to their structural similarity to natural tendon and their ability to promote tissue regeneration. This review discusses current methods of AT regeneration, recent advances in the fabrication and enhancement of nanofiber-based scaffolds, and the development and use of multiscale nanofiber-based scaffolds for AT regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbo Zhu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zeju He
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lichen Ji
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Tong
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Junchao Luo
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Bi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Bi,
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16
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Gomez-Florit M, Labrador-Rached CJ, Domingues RM, Gomes ME. The tendon microenvironment: Engineered in vitro models to study cellular crosstalk. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 185:114299. [PMID: 35436570 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tendinopathy is a multi-faceted pathology characterized by alterations in tendon microstructure, cellularity and collagen composition. Challenged by the possibility of regenerating pathological or ruptured tendons, the healing mechanisms of this tissue have been widely researched over the past decades. However, so far, most of the cellular players and processes influencing tendon repair remain unknown, which emphasizes the need for developing relevant in vitro models enabling to study the complex multicellular crosstalk occurring in tendon microenvironments. In this review, we critically discuss the insights on the interaction between tenocytes and the other tendon resident cells that have been devised through different types of existing in vitro models. Building on the generated knowledge, we stress the need for advanced models able to mimic the hierarchical architecture, cellularity and physiological signaling of tendon niche under dynamic culture conditions, along with the recreation of the integrated gradients of its tissue interfaces. In a forward-looking vision of the field, we discuss how the convergence of multiple bioengineering technologies can be leveraged as potential platforms to develop the next generation of relevant in vitro models that can contribute for a deeper fundamental knowledge to develop more effective treatments.
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17
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Xue Y, Kim HJ, Lee J, Liu Y, Hoffman T, Chen Y, Zhou X, Sun W, Zhang S, Cho HJ, Lee J, Kang H, WonHyoung R, Chang-Moon L, Ahadian S, Dokmeci MR, Lei B, Lee K, Khademhosseini A. Co-Electrospun Silk Fibroin and Gelatin Methacryloyl Sheet Seeded with Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tendon Regeneration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107714. [PMID: 35487761 PMCID: PMC9714686 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) is a promising biomaterial for tendon repair, but its relatively rigid mechanical properties and low cell affinity have limited its application in regenerative medicine. Meanwhile, gelatin-based polymers have advantages in cell attachment and tissue remodeling but have insufficient mechanical strength to regenerate tough tissue such as tendons. Taking these aspects into account, in this study, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is combined with SF to create a mechanically strong and bioactive nanofibrous scaffold (SG). The mechanical properties of SG nanofibers can be flexibly modulated by varying the ratio of SF and GelMA. Compared to SF nanofibers, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded on SG fibers with optimal composition (SG7) exhibit enhanced growth, proliferation, vascular endothelial growth factor production, and tenogenic gene expression behavior. Conditioned media from MSCs cultured on SG7 scaffolds can greatly promote the migration and proliferation of tenocytes. Histological analysis and tenogenesis-related immunofluorescence staining indicate SG7 scaffolds demonstrate enhanced in vivo tendon tissue regeneration compared to other groups. Therefore, rational combinations of SF and GelMA hybrid nanofibers may help to improve therapeutic outcomes and address the challenges of tissue-engineered scaffolds for tendon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710000, China
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Junmin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, YONSEI University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Yaowen Liu
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China
| | - Tyler Hoffman
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xingwu Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 23431, South Korea
| | - JiYong Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, YONSEI University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Ryu WonHyoung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, YONSEI University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Lee Chang-Moon
- Department of Healthcare and Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Mehmet R. Dokmeci
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Bo Lei
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710000, China
| | - KangJu Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Healthcare and Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
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18
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Wu S, Li Y, Zhang C, Tao L, Kuss M, Lim JY, Butcher J, Duan B. Tri-Layered and Gel-Like Nanofibrous Scaffolds with Anisotropic Features for Engineering Heart Valve Leaflets. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200053. [PMID: 35289986 PMCID: PMC10976923 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
3D heterogeneous and anisotropic scaffolds that approximate native heart valve tissues are indispensable for the successful construction of tissue engineered heart valves (TEHVs). In this study, novel tri-layered and gel-like nanofibrous scaffolds, consisting of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and poly(aspartic acid) (PASP), are fabricated by a combination of positive/negative conjugate electrospinning and bioactive hydrogel post-processing. The nanofibrous PLGA-PASP scaffolds present tri-layered structures, resulting in anisotropic mechanical properties that are comparable with native heart valve leaflets. Biological tests show that nanofibrous PLGA-PASP scaffolds with high PASP ratios significantly promote the proliferation and collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) secretions of human aortic valvular interstitial cells (HAVICs), compared to PLGA scaffolds. Importantly, the nanofibrous PLGA-PASP scaffolds are found to effectively inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of HAVICs. Two types of porcine VICs, from young and adult age groups, are further seeded onto the PLGA-PASP scaffolds. The adult VICs secrete higher amounts of collagens and GAGs and undergo a significantly higher level of osteogenic differentiation than young VICs. RNA sequencing analysis indicates that age has a pivotal effect on the VIC behaviors. This study provides important guidance and a reference for the design and development of 3D tri-layered, gel-like nanofibrous PLGA-PASP scaffolds for TEHV applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Wu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Yiran Li
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Caidan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Litao Tao
- Department of Biomedical Science, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Mitchell Kuss
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jung Yul Lim
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Jonathan Butcher
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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19
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Liu J, Li T, Zhang H, Zhao W, Qu L, Chen S, Wu S. Electrospun strong, bioactive, and bioabsorbable silk fibroin/poly (L-lactic-acid) nanoyarns for constructing advanced nanotextile tissue scaffolds. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100243. [PMID: 35372816 PMCID: PMC8968670 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-textiles have aroused attractive attentions in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, and developing robust, bio-absorbable, and extracellular matrix (ECM) fibril-mimicking nanofibrous textiles is urgently required for the renewal of existing microfibrous textile-based scaffolds and grafts. In this study, an integrated electrospinning system consisting of one nanoyarn-forming unit and one hot stretching unit is reported to fabricate silk fibroin (SF)/poly (L-lactic-acid) (PLLA) nanofibrous yarns (nanoyarns). The hot stretching process is demonstrated to significantly improve the fiber alignment, crystallinity, and mechanical properties of SF/PLLA nanoyarns, compared to the unstretched controls. For instance, the fiber alignment degree of hot stretched 50/50 SF/PLLA nanoyarn has increased by 25%, and the failure strength has increased by 246.5%, compared with the corresponding un-stretched control. Increasing the SF/PLLA mass ratio is found to significantly decrease the crystallinity and mechanical properties, but notably increase the degradation rate and surface hydrophilicity of SF/PLLA nanoyarns. Different SF/PLLA nanoyarns are further meticulously interwoven with warp and weft directions to obtain several nanofibrous woven textiles. The results from in vitro cell characterization and in vivo subcutaneous implantation show that increasing the SF/PLLA mass ratio significantly improves the biological properties and effectively reduces the inflammatory response of nanoyarn-constructed textiles. Overall, this study demonstrates that our SF/PLLA nanoyarns with controllable physical, mechanical and biological performances are fantastic candidates for the designing and development of advanced nanoarchitectured textile tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijun Qu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaojuan Chen
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Corresponding author. College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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20
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Sun M, Chen S, Ling P, Ma J, Wu S. Electrospun Methacrylated Gelatin/Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Nanofibrous Hydrogel Scaffolds for Potential Wound Dressing Application. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 12:6. [PMID: 35009955 PMCID: PMC8746433 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun nanofiber mats have attracted intense attention as advanced wound dressing materials. The objective of this study was to fabricate methacrylated gelatin (MeGel)/poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) hybrid nanofiber mats with an extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicking nanofibrous structure and hydrogel-like properties for potential use as wound dressing materials. MeGel was first synthesized via the methacryloyl substitution of gelatin (Gel), a series of MeGel and PLLA blends with various mass ratios were electrospun into nanofiber mats, and a UV crosslinking process was subsequently utilized to stabilize the MeGel components in the nanofibers. All the as-crosslinked nanofiber mats exhibited smooth and bead-free fiber morphologies. The MeGel-containing and crosslinked nanofiber mats presented significantly improved hydrophilic properties (water contact angle = 0°; 100% wettability) compared to the pure PLLA nanofiber mats (~127°). The swelling ratio of crosslinked nanofiber mats notably increased with the increase of MeGel (143.6 ± 7.4% for PLLA mats vs. 875.0 ± 17.1% for crosslinked 1:1 MeGel/PLLA mats vs. 1135.2 ± 16.0% for crosslinked MeGel mats). The UV crosslinking process was demonstrated to significantly improve the structural stability and mechanical properties of MeGel/PLLA nanofiber mats. The Young's modulus and ultimate strength of the crosslinked nanofiber mats were demonstrated to obviously decrease when more MeGel was introduced in both dry and wet conditions. The biological tests showed that all the crosslinked nanofiber mats presented great biocompatibility, but the crosslinked nanofiber mats with more MeGel were able to notably promote the attachment, growth, and proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts. Overall, this study demonstrates that our MeGel/PLLA blend nanofiber mats are attractive candidates for wound dressing material research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Sun
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (M.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Shaojuan Chen
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (M.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Peixue Ling
- Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, Jinan 250101, China;
| | - Jianwei Ma
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (M.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Shaohua Wu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (M.S.); (S.C.)
- Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, Jinan 250101, China;
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Wu S, Liu J, Cai J, Zhao J, Duan B, Chen S. Combining electrospinning with hot drawing process to fabricate high performance poly (L-lactic acid) nanofiber yarns for advanced nanostructured bio-textiles. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34450602 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac2209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fiber constructed yarns are the elementary building blocks for the generation of implantable biotextiles, and there are always needs for designing and developing new types of yarns to improve the properties of biotextile implants. In the present study, we aim to develop novel nanofiber yarns (NYs) by combining nanostructure that more closely mimic the extracellular matrix fibrils of native tissues with biodegradability, strong mechanical properties and great textile processibility. A novel electrospinning system which integrates yarn formation with hot drawing process was developed to fabricate poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) NYs. Compared to the PLLA NYs without hot drawing, the thermally drawn PLLA NYs presented superbly-orientated fibrous structure and notably enhanced crystallinity. Importantly, they possessed admirable mechanical performances, which matched and even exceeded the commercial PLLA microfiber yarns (MYs). The thermally drawn PLLA NYs were also demonstrated to notably promote the adhesion, alignment, proliferation, and tenogenic differentiation of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) compared to the PLLA NYs without hot drawing. The thermally drawn PLLA NYs were further processed into various nanofibrous tissue scaffolds with defined structures and adjustable mechanical and biological properties using textile braiding and weaving technologies, demonstrating the feasibility and versatility of thermally drawn PLLA NYs for textile-forming utilization. The hADMSCs cultured on PLLA NY-based textiles presented enhanced attachment and proliferation capacities than those cultured on PLLA MY-based textiles. This work presents a facile technique to manufacture high performance PLLA NYs, which opens up opportunities to generate advanced nanostructured biotextiles for surgical implant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Wu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Liu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangyu Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America.,Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States of America
| | - Shaojuan Chen
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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