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Santacroce L, Bottalico L, Charitos IA, Castellaneta F, Gaxhja E, Topi S, Palmirotta R, Jirillo E. Exploitation of Natural By-Products for the Promotion of Healthy Outcomes in Humans: Special Focus on Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms and Modulation of the Gut Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:796. [PMID: 39061865 PMCID: PMC11273986 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Daily, a lot of food is wasted, and vegetables, fruit, and cereals as well as marine products represent the major sources of unwanted by-products. The sustainability, waste recovery, and revalorization of food by-products have been proposed as the main goals of the so-called circular economy. In fact, food wastes are enriched in by-products endowed with beneficial effects on human health. Grape, olives, vegetables, and rice contain different compounds, such as polyphenols, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, vitamins, and proteins, which exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, inhibiting pro-oxidant genes and the Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kβ) pathway, as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Dietary fibers act upon the gut microbiota, expanding beneficial bacteria, which contribute to healthy outcomes. Furthermore, marine foods, even including microalgae, arthropods, and wastes of fish, are rich in carotenoids, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, and chitooligosaccharides, which afford antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protection. The present review will cover the major by-products derived from food wastes, describing the mechanisms of action involved in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as the modulation of the gut microbiota. The effects of some by-products have also been explored in clinical trials, while others, such as marine by-products, need more investigation for their full exploitation as bioactive compounds in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Santacroce
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (E.J.)
| | - Lucrezia Bottalico
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University ‘Alexander Xhuvani’ of Elbasan, 3001 Elbasan, Albania (E.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, Institute of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesca Castellaneta
- School of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Elona Gaxhja
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University ‘Alexander Xhuvani’ of Elbasan, 3001 Elbasan, Albania (E.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Skender Topi
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University ‘Alexander Xhuvani’ of Elbasan, 3001 Elbasan, Albania (E.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (E.J.)
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (E.J.)
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Monteiro CS, Adedara IA, Farombi EO, Emanuelli T. Nutraceutical potential of olive pomace: insights from cell-based and clinical studies. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3807-3815. [PMID: 38270195 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Olive oil production yields a substantial volume of by-products, constituting up to 80% of the processed fruits. The olive pomace by-product represents a residue of significant interest due to the diverse bioactive compounds identified in it. However, a thorough characterization and elucidation of the biological activities of olive pomace are imperative to redirect its application for functional food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical purposes both for animals and humans. In this review, we examine data from experimental models, including immortalized human vascular endothelial cells, human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells, human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, non-tumorigenic human hepatoma cells, and murine macrophages alongside clinical trials. These studies aim to validate the safety, nutritional value, and pharmacological effects of olive pomace. In vitro studies suggest that biophenols extracted from olive pomace possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties that could be beneficial in mitigating cardiovascular disorders, particularly atherosclerosis, hepatosteatosis, and dry-eye disease. Protective effects against dry-eye disease were confirmed in a mouse model assay. Olive pomace used in the feed for fish and poultry has demonstrated the ability to enhance animals' immunity and improve nutritional quality of meat and eggs. Human clinical trials are scarce and have revealed minimal biological changes following the consumption of olive pomace-enriched foods. However, alterations in certain biomarkers tentatively suggest cardioprotective properties. The review underscores the value of olive pomace while addressing potential drawbacks and future perspectives, with a specific focus on the need for further investigation into the animal feed and human nutritional properties of olive pomace. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Sant'Anna Monteiro
- Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Isaac Adegboyega Adedara
- Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer Olatunde Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Yang D, Li J, Liang C, Tian L, Shi C, Hui N, Liu Y, Ling M, Xin L, Wan M, Li H, Zhao Q, Ren X, Liu H, Cao W. Syringa microphylla Diels: A comprehensive review of its phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological characteristics and an investigation into its potential health benefits. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153770. [PMID: 34678528 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syringa microphylla Diels is a plant in the family Syringa Linn. For hundreds of years, its flowers and leaves have been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of cough, inflammation, colds, sore throat, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, early liver cirrhosis, fatty liver, and oesophageal cancer. PURPOSE For the first time, we have comprehensively reviewed information on Syringa microphylla Diels that is not included in the Pharmacopoeia, clarified the pharmacological mechanisms of Syringa microphylla Diels and its active ingredients from a molecular biology perspective, compiled in vivo and in vitro animal experimental data and clinical data, and summarized the toxicology and pharmacokinetics of Syringa microphylla Diels. The progress in toxicology research is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs from Syringa microphylla Diels, a natural source of compounds that are potentially beneficial to human health. METHODS The PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, SciFinder Scholar and Thomson Reuters databases were utilized to conduct a comprehensive search of published literature as of July 2021 to find original literature related to Syringa microphylla Diels and its active ingredients. RESULTS To date, 72 compounds have been isolated and identified from Syringa microphylla Diels, and oleuropein, verbascoside, isoacteoside, echinacoside, forsythoside B, and eleutheroside B are the main active components. These compounds have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, and their safety and effectiveness have been demonstrated in long-term traditional applications. Molecular pharmacology experiments have indicated that the active ingredients of Syringa microphylla Diels exert their pharmacological effects in various ways, primarily by reducing oxidative stress damage via Nrf2/ARE pathway regulation, regulating inflammatory factors and inducing apoptosis through the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. CONCLUSION This comprehensive review of Syringa microphylla Diels provides new insights into the correlations among molecular mechanisms, the importance of toxicology and pharmacokinetics, and potential ways to address the limitations of current research. As Syringa microphylla Diels is a natural low-toxicity botanical medicine, it is worthy of development and utilization and is an excellent choice for treating various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China.
| | - Lei Tian
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China; College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Chunyang Shi
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Nan Hui
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Mei Ling
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Liang Xin
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Minge Wan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Business & Commerce, Xi'an 712046, PR China
| | - Han Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Zhuhai Jinan Selenium Source Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai 519030, PR China.
| | - Wenqiang Cao
- Zhuhai Jinan Selenium Source Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai 519030, PR China
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Samadi M, Khosravy T, Azadbakht L, Rezaei M, Mosafaghadir M, Kamari N, Bagheri A, Pasdar Y, Najafi F, Hamze B, Soleimani D. Major dietary patterns in relation to muscle strength status among middle-aged people: A cross-sectional study within the RaNCD cohort. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6672-6682. [PMID: 34925797 PMCID: PMC8645754 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Grip strength in midlife can predict physical disability in senior years. Recent evidence shows the critical role of nutritional status on muscle function. We aimed to elucidate whether adherence to a particular dietary pattern would be associated with abnormal muscle strength among middle-aged people. In this cross-sectional study, a semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess the dietary intake of 2781 participants in the Ravansar Non-Communicable Chronic Disease (RaNCD) cohort. Major dietary patterns from 28 main food groups were extracted using principal component analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the association between the tertiles of the major dietary patterns and muscle strength status. Two major dietary patterns were identified: the "mixed dietary pattern" that heavily loaded with fruits, vegetables, nuts, dairies, sweets, legumes, dried fruits, fish, red meat, butter, whole grains, natural juices, poultry, pickles, olive, industrial juice, egg, processed meat, and snacks and "unhealthy dietary pattern" that heavily loaded by fats, sugar, refined grains, soft drink, salt, organ meat, tea, and coffee. Adherence to the mixed dietary pattern (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.8-1.33, P for trend = 0.77) and the unhealthy dietary pattern (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.79-0.13, P for trend = 0.89) did not associate with abnormal muscle strength. This study suggests that the dietary pattern involving the consumption of healthy and unhealthy food does not have an effect on muscle strength in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehnoosh Samadi
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Department of Nutritional SciencesResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Health InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Tina Khosravy
- Department of Health and NutritionLorestan University of Medical ScienceLorestanIran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community NutritionSchool of Nutritional Sciences and DieteticsTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mansour Rezaei
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology DepartmentSchool of Public HealthKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Mohammad Mosafaghadir
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Negin Kamari
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Amir Bagheri
- Department of Nutritional SciencesResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Health InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Department of EpidemiologyResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Health instituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Behrouz Hamze
- Department of Public HealthKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Davood Soleimani
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Research Center of Oils and FatsKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
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Lecci RM, D’Antuono I, Cardinali A, Garbetta A, Linsalata V, Logrieco AF, Leone A. Antioxidant and Pro-Oxidant Capacities as Mechanisms of Photoprotection of Olive Polyphenols on UVA-Damaged Human Keratinocytes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082153. [PMID: 33917980 PMCID: PMC8068360 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of polyphenols are reported to have considerable antioxidant and skin photoprotective effects, although the mechanisms of action are not fully known. Environmentally friendly and inexpensive sources of natural bioactive compounds, such as olive mill wastewater (OMWW), the by-product of olive-oil processing, can be considered an economic source of bioactive polyphenols, with a range of biological activities, useful as chemotherapeutic or cosmeceutical agents. Green strategies, such as the process based on membrane technologies, allow to recover active polyphenols from this complex matrix. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant, pro-oxidant, and photoprotective effects, including the underlying action mechanism(s), of the ultra-filtered (UF) OMWW fractions, in order to substantiate their use as natural cosmeceutical ingredient. Six chemically characterized UF-OMWW fractions, from Italian and Greek olive cultivar processing, were investigated for their antioxidant activities, measured by Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC), LDL oxidation inhibition, and ROS-quenching ability in UVA-irradiated HEKa (Human Epidermal Keratinocytes adult) cultures. The photoprotective properties of UF-OMWW were assayed as a pro-oxidant-mediated pro-apoptotic effect on the UVA-damaged HEKa cells, which can be potentially involved in the carcinogenesis process. All the UF-OMWW fractions exerted an effective antioxidant activity in vitro and in cells when administered together with UV-radiation on HEKa. A pro-oxidative and pro-apoptotic effect on the UVA-damaged HEKa cells were observed, suggesting some protective actions of polyphenol fraction on keratinocyte cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Marina Lecci
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, (CNR-ISPA, Lecce), Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Isabella D’Antuono
- National Research Council, Institute of Science of Food Production, (CNR-ISPA, Bari), Via Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.D.); (A.G.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.)
| | - Angela Cardinali
- National Research Council, Institute of Science of Food Production, (CNR-ISPA, Bari), Via Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.D.); (A.G.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (A.L.); Tel.: +39-080-5929303 (A.C.); +39-0832-422615 (A.L.); Fax: +39-0832-422620 (A.L.)
| | - Antonella Garbetta
- National Research Council, Institute of Science of Food Production, (CNR-ISPA, Bari), Via Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.D.); (A.G.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.)
| | - Vito Linsalata
- National Research Council, Institute of Science of Food Production, (CNR-ISPA, Bari), Via Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.D.); (A.G.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.)
| | - Antonio F. Logrieco
- National Research Council, Institute of Science of Food Production, (CNR-ISPA, Bari), Via Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.D.); (A.G.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.)
| | - Antonella Leone
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, (CNR-ISPA, Lecce), Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (A.L.); Tel.: +39-080-5929303 (A.C.); +39-0832-422615 (A.L.); Fax: +39-0832-422620 (A.L.)
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Rodríguez-López P, Lozano-Sanchez J, Borrás-Linares I, Emanuelli T, Menéndez JA, Segura-Carretero A. Structure-Biological Activity Relationships of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds: Health Properties and Bioavailability. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E685. [PMID: 32752213 PMCID: PMC7464770 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extra-virgin olive oil is regarded as functional food since epidemiological studies and multidisciplinary research have reported convincing evidence that its intake affects beneficially one or more target functions in the body, improves health, and reduces the risk of disease. Its health properties have been related to the major and minor fractions of extra-virgin olive oil. Among olive oil chemical composition, the phenolic fraction has received considerable attention due to its bioactivity in different chronic diseases. The bioactivity of the phenolic compounds could be related to different properties such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, although the molecular mechanism of these compounds in relation to many diseases could have different cellular targets. The aim of this review is focused on the extra-virgin olive oil phenolic fraction with particular emphasis on (a) biosynthesis, chemical structure, and influence factors on the final extra-virgin olive oil phenolic composition; (b) structure-antioxidant activity relationships and other molecular mechanisms in relation to many diseases; (c) bioavailability and controlled delivery strategies; (d) alternative sources of olive biophenols. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive review was developed, with particular emphasis on in vitro and in vivo assays as well as clinical trials. This report provides an overview of extra-virgin olive oil phenolic compounds as a tool for functional food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Rodríguez-López
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, Edificio BioRegión, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.B.-L.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sanchez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, Edificio BioRegión, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.B.-L.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Isabel Borrás-Linares
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, Edificio BioRegión, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.B.-L.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;
| | - Javier A. Menéndez
- Catalan Institute of Oncology ProCURE (Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance), Ctra. França s/n, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta de Girona, 17007 Girona, Catalonia, Spain;
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, Edificio BioRegión, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.B.-L.); (A.S.-C.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Franconi F, Campesi I, Romani A. Is Extra Virgin Olive Oil an Ally for Women's and Men's Cardiovascular Health? Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 2020:6719301. [PMID: 32454893 PMCID: PMC7212338 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6719301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases are long-lasting and slowly progressive and are the leading causes of death and disability. They include cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) that are rising worldwide, with CVD being the leading cause of death in developed countries. Thus, there is a need to find new preventive and therapeutic approaches. Polyphenols seem to have cardioprotective properties; among them, polyphenols and/or minor polar compounds of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) are attracting special interest. In consideration of numerous sex differences present in CVD and DM, in this narrative review, we applied "gender glasses." Globally, it emerges that olive oil and its derivatives exert some anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, modulate glucose metabolism, and ameliorate endothelial dysfunction. However, as in prescription drugs, also in this case there is an important gender bias because the majority of the preclinical studies are performed on male animals, and the sex of donors of cells is not often known; thus a sex/gender bias characterizes preclinical research. There are numerous clinical studies that seem to suggest the benefits of EVOO and its derivatives in CVD; however, these studies have numerous limitations, presenting also a considerable heterogeneity across the interventions. Among limitations, one of the most relevant in the era of personalized medicine, is the non-attention versus women that are few and, also when they are enrolled, sex analysis is lacking. Therefore, in our opinion, it is time to perform more long, extensive and lessheterogeneous trials enrolling both women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Franconi
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Campesi
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Romani
- Laboratorio PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement Technology and Analysis), DiSIA Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Laboratorio di Qualità Delle Merci e Affidabilità di Prodotto, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 59100 Florence, Italy
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Xiong T, Zhang Z, Zheng R, Huang J, Guo L. N‑acetyl cysteine inhibits lipopolysaccharide‑induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via the p38MAPK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2945-2953. [PMID: 31524245 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can regulate the expression of apoptotic factors, including caspase‑3, Bcl‑2 and Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax). Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in apoptosis. N‑acetyl cysteine (NAC) has been shown to exhibit antioxidant effects in vitro. However, the effects of NAC on LPS‑induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the associated mechanisms are not well characterized. The present study explored the effect of NAC on LPS‑induced apoptosis of HUVECs and determined the participation of the p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in the process of apoptosis. Cell viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK‑8) assay. The expression of caspase‑3, Bax, Bcl‑2, phosphorylated (p)‑p38MAPK/total (t‑)p38MAPK and p‑endothelial e nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/t‑eNOS proteins were determined by western blotting. The expression levels of caspase‑3, Bax and Bcl‑2 mRNA were determined using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). The rate of apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. An NO detection kit (nitric reductase method) was used to determine NO concentration. The results of CCK‑8 and flow cytometric analyses showed that pretreatment of HUVECs with NAC or p38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) attenuated LPS‑induced decrease in cell viability and increase in cell apoptosis. RT‑qPCR and western blotting showed that LPS promoted caspase‑3 and Bax expression, but inhibited that of Bcl‑2 in HUVECs; however, these effects were attenuated by pretreatment with NAC or SB203580. LPS stimulation significantly enhanced the expression of p‑p38MAPK protein and reduced the expression of p‑eNOS protein; however, these effects were attenuated by pretreatment with NAC or SB203580. NAC pretreatment attenuated LPS‑induced inhibition of NO synthesis, which was consistent with the effects of SB203580. The results demonstrated that NAC pretreatment alleviated LPS‑induced apoptosis and inhibition of NO production in HUVECs. Furthermore, these effects were proposed to be mediated via the p38MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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9
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Peluso I, Yarla NS, Ambra R, Pastore G, Perry G. MAPK signalling pathway in cancers: Olive products as cancer preventive and therapeutic agents. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 56:185-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Comotto M, Saghazadeh S, Bagherifard S, Aliakbarian B, Kazemzadeh-Narbat M, Sharifi F, Mousavi Shaegh SA, Arab-Tehrany E, Annabi N, Perego P, Khademhosseini A, Tamayol A. Breathable hydrogel dressings containing natural antioxidants for management of skin disorders. J Biomater Appl 2019; 33:1265-1276. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328218816526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Traditional wound dressings are not effective enough to regulate the moisture content and remove excessive exudate from the environment. Wet wound dressings formed from hydrogels such as alginate are widely used in clinical practice for treatment of skin disorders. Here, we functionalize alginate dressings with natural antioxidants such as curcumin and t-resveratrol to render them both anti-inflammatory and antibacterial. The hydrogel maintains excellent mechanical properties and oxygen permeability over time. The release rate of the compounds from the hydrogels is assessed and their impact on bacterial and cellular growth is evaluated. The antioxidant compounds act as bactericidal agents and improve cell viability. The optimal concentration of active compounds in the engineered alginate-based dressings is determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Comotto
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Saghi Saghazadeh
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Bagherifard
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bahar Aliakbarian
- School of Packaging and Department of Supply Chain Management, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mehdi Kazemzadeh-Narbat
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavi Shaegh
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Orthopedic Research Center, Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elmira Arab-Tehrany
- Laboratoire d’ingénierie des biomolécules (LIBio). ENSAIA-Université de Lorraine. 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA, Vandoeuvre-lés-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrizia Perego
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center of Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Radiology, California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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11
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Yates K, Pohl F, Busch M, Mozer A, Watters L, Shiryaev A, Kong Thoo Lin P. Determination of sinapine in rapeseed pomace extract: Its antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties. Food Chem 2019; 276:768-775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Oleuropein aglycone attenuates the pro-angiogenic phenotype of senescent fibroblasts: A functional study in endothelial cells. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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13
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Farrokhi E, Ghatreh-Samani K, Salehi-Vanani N, Mahmoodi A. The effect of resveratrol on expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and its tissue inhibitors in vascular smooth muscle cells. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2019; 14:157-162. [PMID: 30627191 PMCID: PMC6312567 DOI: 10.22122/arya.v14i4.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is involved in extracellular matrix degradation and remodeling. An increase in MMP-9 expression by vascular component cells plays an important role in atherosclerotic plaque formation and rupture. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic substance, was suggested to play a role in preventing the progress of atherosclerotic disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol on MMP-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) after treatment with H2O2. METHODS Cultured VSMCs were pre-treated with 0.2 mM of H2O2 before stimulation with different concentration of resveratrol. Expression of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-3 genes were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and MMP-9 protein level was detected using western blot analysis. RESULTS Resveratrol at 120 μmol/l concentration reduced the elevated level of MMP-9 induced by H2O2 in VSMCs as 1.85 ± 0.35 folds (P < 0.050) and 8.70 ± 1.20 folds (P < 0.050) after 24 and 48 hours, respectively. Resveratrol increased the diminished level of TIMP-1 induced by H2O2 as 2.5 ± 0.48 folds following the treatment with 120 μmol/l after 48 hours (P < 0.050). CONCLUSION Resveratrol as an antioxidant can decrease MMP-9 production, not only by suppressing MMP-9 expression, but also by augmenting TIMP-1 production. Altogether, resveratrol as an antioxidant can regulate the MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance, and may be considered as a preservative agent in the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effat Farrokhi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Keihan Ghatreh-Samani
- Associate Professor, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Najmeh Salehi-Vanani
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Amin Mahmoodi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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14
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Agro-Industrial By-Products and Their Bioactive Compounds—An Ally against Oxidative Stress and Skin Aging. COSMETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics5040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased consumer awareness towards hazards related with sun exposure has given a boost in the cosmetics industry and particularly the sun care market. Human skin is continually being threatened by the UV irradiation present in sunlight and acute UV exposure leads to skin photoaging. Cosmetic and/or dermatological applications include several bioactive compounds that contribute to the regulation of epidermal homeostasis by providing protection against solar radiation and improving the antioxidant activity of epidermis. Plant extracts are sources of active ingredients with intense therapeutic properties, and the topical application or oral intake of these compounds could ameliorate skin condition. Nowadays, there is a growing demand for the application of the bioactive agents contained in agro-industrial byproducts in sun care products, since many of them have shown promising properties as skin photoprotectants. However, well-conducted clinical studies are required to prove their safety and efficacy before they could be regularly used. Environmentally friendly extraction and sustainable techniques are therefore under examination for recovering such compounds from agro-industrial byproducts and converting them into innovative high-value natural ingredients used in cosmetic formulations.
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15
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Chemopreventive effects of polyphenol-rich extracts against cancer invasiveness and metastasis by inhibition of type IV collagenases expression and activity. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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16
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Trucillo P, Campardelli R, Aliakbarian B, Perego P, Reverchon E. Supercritical assisted process for the encapsulation of olive pomace extract into liposomes. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Revalorisation of rapeseed pomace extracts: An in vitro study into its anti-oxidant and DNA protective properties. Food Chem 2018; 239:323-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Samara P, Christoforidou N, Lemus C, Argyropoulou A, Ioannou K, Vougogiannopoulou K, Aligiannis N, Paronis E, Gaboriaud-Kolar N, Tsitsilonis O, Skaltsounis AL. New semi-synthetic analogs of oleuropein show improved anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 137:11-29. [PMID: 28551177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Oleuropein is a glucosylated seco-iridoid present in olive fruits and leaves. Due to its broad spectrum of biological activities, including anticancer properties, oleuropein has attracted scientific attention for the past 20 years. The promising antiproliferative activity of an olive leaf extract enriched in oleuropein against a series of human cancer cell lines, prompted us to proceed with the semi-synthesis of 51 analogs of oleuropein. Following their initial screening against the estrogen receptor negative breast cancer cell line SKBR3, 7 analogs were shown to display significant cytotoxicity and were further tested against 6 additional solid tumor-derived and leukemic cell lines. The analog with the most promising antitumor activity (24) was selected for more detailed studies. 24 was non-toxic to peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from healthy blood donors when tested at concentrations close to its half maximal inhibitory concentration. In vivo administration of 24 in melanoma-bearing mice resulted in reducing tumor size in a dose-dependent manner and in inducing anti-melanoma-reactive immune responses. Our results suggest that analog 24, emerging from the initial structure of oleuropein, represents a promising lead structure for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi Samara
- Section of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15784, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikoleta Christoforidou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Christelle Lemus
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Argyropoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Ioannou
- Section of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15784, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Vougogiannopoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Nektarios Aligiannis
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimios Paronis
- Section of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15784, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Nicolas Gaboriaud-Kolar
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ourania Tsitsilonis
- Section of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15784, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece.
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19
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Aliakbarian B, Paini M, Adami R, Perego P, Reverchon E. Use of Supercritical Assisted Atomization to produce nanoparticles from olive pomace extract. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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20
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Diniz C, Suliburska J, Ferreira IMPLVO. New insights into the antiangiogenic and proangiogenic properties of dietary polyphenols. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 27981783 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols can be found in natural products of plant origin, including vegetables, fruits, and beverages. A large number of these plant origin compounds are an integral part of the human diet and in the past decade evidence has shown their beneficial properties in human health, by acting in several cell signaling pathways. Among other beneficial effects, polyphenols have been associated with angiogenesis. Increasing evidence highlighting the ability of dietary polyphenols to influence angiogenesis by interfering with multiple signaling pathways is debated. Particular emphasis is given to the mechanisms that ultimately may induce the formation of capillary-like structures (by increasing endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and invasion) or, conversely, may inhibit the steps of angiogenesis leading to the inhibition/regress of vascular development. Dietary polyphenols can, therefore, be viewed as promising nutraceuticals but important aspects have still to be further investigated, to deep knowledge concerning their concentration-mediated effects, effect of specific polyphenols, and respective metabolites, to ensure their appropriate and effective usefulness as proangiogenic or antiangiogenic nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Diniz
- LAQV/REQUIMTE-Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Laboratório de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Isabel M P L V O Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE-Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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21
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Piroddi M, Albini A, Fabiani R, Giovannelli L, Luceri C, Natella F, Rosignoli P, Rossi T, Taticchi A, Servili M, Galli F. Nutrigenomics of extra-virgin olive oil: A review. Biofactors 2017; 43:17-41. [PMID: 27580701 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nutrigenomics data on the functional components of olive oil are still sparse, but rapidly increasing. Olive oil is the main source of fat and health-promoting component of the Mediterranean diet. Positive effects have been observed on genes involved in the pathobiology of most prevalent age- and lifestyle-related human conditions, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Other effects on health-promoting genes have been identified for bioactive components of olives and olive leafs. Omics technologies are offering unique opportunities to identify nutritional and health biomarkers associated with these gene responses, the use of which in personalized and even predictive protocols of investigation, is a main breakthrough in modern medicine and nutrition. Gene regulation properties of the functional components of olive oil, such as oleic acid, biophenols and vitamin E, point to a role for these molecules as natural homeostatic and even hormetic factors with applications as prevention agents in conditions of premature and pathologic aging. Therapeutic applications can be foreseen in conditions of chronic inflammation, and particularly in cancer, which will be discussed in detail in this review paper as major clinical target of nutritional interventions with olive oil and its functional components. © 2016 BioFactors, 43(1):17-41, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Piroddi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nutrition and Clinical Biochemistry Lab, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Scientific and Technology Pole, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Fabiani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- NEUROFARBA - Section of Phamacology and Toxicology, University of Firenze, Italy
| | - Cristina Luceri
- NEUROFARBA - Section of Phamacology and Toxicology, University of Firenze, Italy
| | - Fausta Natella
- CREA-NUT, Consiglio per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L'Analisi Dell'Economia Agraria, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, via Ardeatina 546, 00178, Roma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rosignoli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Teresa Rossi
- Research and Statistics, Department, IRCCS "Tecnologie Avanzate E Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia", Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Agnese Taticchi
- Department of Agricultural Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Servili
- Department of Agricultural Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nutrition and Clinical Biochemistry Lab, University of Perugia, Italy
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22
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Phowichit S, Kobayashi M, Fujinoya Y, Sato Y, Sanphanya K, Vajragupta O, Chularojmontri L, Wattanapitayakul SK. Antiangiogenic Effects of VH02, a Novel Urea Derivative: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21091258. [PMID: 27657036 PMCID: PMC6272876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is a vital target for therapeutic intervention in cancer. We have recently described a computer-based drug design for a small molecule VEGFR2 inhibitor named VH02 (1-((1-(1H-indazol-6-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)-3-(3-chloromethylphenyl)urea). This study aimed to further explore the anti-angiogenic activity of VH02 both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro assays include cell viability, capillary-like tube formation, MMP activity, and western blot analyses of signaling through VEGFR2 while the in vivo anti-angiogenic response were performed to evaluate the effect on vascularization in Matrigel plug applied in C57BL/6L mice. VH02 reduced angiogenesis behavior of EA.hy926 including cell viability, migration, adhesion, capillary-like tube formation, and MMP-2 activity induced by VEGF. Furthermore, VH02 regulated angiogenesis by directly inhibiting VEGFR2 on Tyr1175 signaling pathway leading to the inhibition of Akt-mediated cell survival and migration. Disruption of phosphorylation at VEGFR2-Tyr1175 by VH02 abolished FAK-Tyr397 signaling but not phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. This suggests that blockade of FAK by VH02 apparently associated with reduction of endothelial cell motility. Actin cytoskeleton rearrangement was diminished by VH02 in human endothelial cells. The anti-angiogenic effect of VH02 was confirmed in the in vivo model, revealing the reduction of vascular density in Matrigel plug after VH02 treatment. Additionally, the pericyte-like cells surrounding blood vessels in the plugs were significantly reduced as well as vascular density and p-Akt intensity. Our findings indicate that VH02 successfully inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo models. The compound could be further developed as an antiangiogenesis agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwadee Phowichit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
| | - Miho Kobayashi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yuriko Fujinoya
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yasufumi Sato
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Kingkarn Sanphanya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri Ayudhya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Opa Vajragupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri Ayudhya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Linda Chularojmontri
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, 95 Paholyotin Rd, Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Suvara K Wattanapitayakul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
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23
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Calabriso N, Massaro M, Scoditti E, D’Amore S, Gnoni A, Pellegrino M, Storelli C, De Caterina R, Palasciano G, Carluccio MA. Extra virgin olive oil rich in polyphenols modulates VEGF-induced angiogenic responses by preventing NADPH oxidase activity and expression. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 28:19-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Paini M, Casazza AA, Aliakbarian B, Perego P, Binello A, Cravotto G. Influence of ethanol/water ratio in ultrasound and high-pressure/high-temperature phenolic compound extraction from agri-food waste. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paini
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering; University of Genoa; Via Opera Pia 15 16145 Genoa Italy
| | - Alessandro A. Casazza
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering; University of Genoa; Via Opera Pia 15 16145 Genoa Italy
| | - Bahar Aliakbarian
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering; University of Genoa; Via Opera Pia 15 16145 Genoa Italy
| | - Patrizia Perego
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering; University of Genoa; Via Opera Pia 15 16145 Genoa Italy
| | - Arianna Binello
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Turin; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Turin; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Turin Italy
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25
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Hassen I, Casabianca H, Hosni K. Biological activities of the natural antioxidant oleuropein: Exceeding the expectation – A mini-review. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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26
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Metabolites of Scutellariae Radix Inhibit Injury of Endothelial Cells in Hypoxia Device. J Med Biol Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-015-0057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Je IG, Kim DS, Kim SW, Lee S, Lee HS, Park EK, Khang D, Kim SH. Tyrosol Suppresses Allergic Inflammation by Inhibiting the Activation of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Mast Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129829. [PMID: 26068872 PMCID: PMC4465982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, rhinitis, asthma, and anaphylaxis are attractive research areas. Tyrosol (2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol) is a polyphenolic compound with diverse biological activities. In this study, we investigated whether tyrosol has anti-allergic inflammatory effects. Ovalbumin-induced active systemic anaphylaxis and immunoglobulin E-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis models were used for the immediate-type allergic responses. Oral administration of tyrosol reduced the allergic symptoms of hypothermia and pigmentation in both animal models. Mast cells that secrete allergic mediators are key regulators on allergic inflammation. Tyrosol dose-dependently decreased mast cell degranulation and expression of inflammatory cytokines. Intracellular calcium levels and activation of inhibitor of κB kinase (IKK) regulate cytokine expression and degranulation. Tyrosol blocked calcium influx and phosphorylation of the IKK complex. To define the molecular target for tyrosol, various signaling proteins involved in mast cell activation such as Lyn, Syk, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and Akt were examined. Our results showed that PI3K could be a molecular target for tyrosol in mast cells. Taken together, these findings indicated that tyrosol has anti-allergic inflammatory effects by inhibiting the degranulation of mast cells and expression of inflammatory cytokines; these effects are mediated via PI3K. Therefore, we expect tyrosol become a potential therapeutic candidate for allergic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Gyu Je
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700–422, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Sil Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University, Gumi 730–040, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University, Gumi 730–040, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700–422, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702–701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700–412, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwoo Khang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406–840, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700–422, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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28
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Aliakbarian B, Casale M, Paini M, Casazza AA, Lanteri S, Perego P. Production of a novel fermented milk fortified with natural antioxidants and its analysis by NIR spectroscopy. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Paini M, Aliakbarian B, Casazza AA, Lagazzo A, Botter R, Perego P. Microencapsulation of phenolic compounds from olive pomace using spray drying: A study of operative parameters. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Aliakbarian B, Casazza AA, Perego P. Kinetic and Isotherm Modelling of the Adsorption of
Phenolic Compounds from Olive Mill Wastewater onto Activated Carbon. Food Technol Biotechnol 2015; 53:207-214. [PMID: 27904350 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.53.02.15.3790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of phenolic compounds from olive oil wastewater by commercial activated carbon was studied as a function of adsorbent quantity and temperature. The sorption kinetics and the equilibrium isotherms were evaluated. Under optimum conditions (8 g of activated carbon per 100 mL), the maximum sorption capacity of activated carbon expressed as mg of caffeic acid equivalent per g of activated carbon was 35.8 at 10 °C, 35.4 at 25 °C and 36.1 at 40 °C. The pseudo-second-order model was considered as the most suitable for kinetic results, and Langmuir isotherm was chosen to better describe the sorption system. The results confirmed the efficiency of activated carbon to remove almost all phenolic compound fractions from olive mill effluent. The preliminary results obtained will be used in future studies. The carbohydrate fraction of this upgraded residue could be employed to produce bioethanol, and adsorbed phenolic compounds can be recovered and used in different industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Aliakbarian
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa,
Via Opera Pia 15, IT-16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro A Casazza
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa,
Via Opera Pia 15, IT-16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Perego
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa,
Via Opera Pia 15, IT-16145 Genoa, Italy
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31
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Mura M, Palmieri D, Garella D, Di Stilo A, Perego P, Cravotto G, Palombo D. Simultaneous ultrasound-assisted water extraction and β-cyclodextrin encapsulation of polyphenols fromMangifera indicastem bark in counteracting TNFα-induced endothelial dysfunction. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:1657-63. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.996753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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32
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Influence of TiO2 nanoparticles on growth and phenolic compounds production in photosynthetic microorganisms. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:961437. [PMID: 25610914 PMCID: PMC4291162 DOI: 10.1155/2014/961437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (pure anatase and 15% N doped anatase) on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris, Haematococcus pluvialis, and Arthrospira platensis was investigated. Results showed that pure anatase can lead to a significant growth inhibition of C. vulgaris and A. platensis (17.0 and 74.1%, resp.), while for H. pluvialis the nanoparticles do not cause a significant inhibition. Since in these stress conditions photosynthetic microorganisms can produce antioxidant compounds in order to prevent cell damages, we evaluated the polyphenols content either inside the cells or released in the medium. Although results did not show a significant difference in C. vulgaris, the phenolic concentrations of two other microorganisms were statistically affected by the presence of titanium dioxide. In particular, 15% N doped anatase resulted in a higher production of extracellular antioxidant compounds, reaching the concentration of 65.2 and 68.0 mg gDB−1 for H. pluvialis and A. platensis, respectively.
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33
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TNFα-induced endothelial activation is counteracted by polyphenol extract from UV-stressed cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Lopez S, Bermudez B, Montserrat-de la Paz S, Jaramillo S, Varela LM, Ortega-Gomez A, Abia R, Muriana FJG. Membrane composition and dynamics: a target of bioactive virgin olive oil constituents. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:1638-56. [PMID: 24440426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The endogenous synthesis of lipids, which requires suitable dietary raw materials, is critical for the formation of membrane bilayers. In eukaryotic cells, phospholipids are the predominant membrane lipids and consist of hydrophobic acyl chains attached to a hydrophilic head group. The relative balance between saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated acyl chains is required for the organization and normal function of membranes. Virgin olive oil is the richest natural dietary source of the monounsaturated lipid oleic acid and is one of the key components of the healthy Mediterranean diet. Virgin olive oil also contains a unique constellation of many other lipophilic and amphipathic constituents whose health benefits are still being discovered. The focus of this review is the latest evidence regarding the impact of oleic acid and the minor constituents of virgin olive oil on the arrangement and behavior of lipid bilayers. We highlight the relevance of these interactions to the potential use of virgin olive oil in preserving the functional properties of membranes to maintain health and in modulating membrane functions that can be altered in several pathologies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Structure and Function: Relevance in the Cell's Physiology, Pathology and Therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Lopez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Beatriz Bermudez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Sara Jaramillo
- Laboratory of Phytochemicals and Food Quality, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Lourdes M Varela
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Almudena Ortega-Gomez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Rocio Abia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco J G Muriana
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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Wang P, Zhu Q, Wu N, Siow YL, Aukema H, O K. Tyrosol attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury via inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:3669-3675. [PMID: 23566115 DOI: 10.1021/jf400227u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosol is a natural phenolic antioxidant compound. Oxidative stress represents one of the important mechanisms underlying ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tyrosol against ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. The left kidney of Sprague-Dawley rats was subjected to 45 min of ischemia followed by reperfusion for 6 h. Ischemia-reperfusion caused an increase in peroxynitrite formation and lipid peroxidation. The level of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites and the mRNA of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were elevated in ischemia-reperfused kidneys. Administration of tyrosol (100 mg/kg body weight) to rats prior to the induction of ischemia significantly reduced peroxynitrite formation, lipid peroxidation, and the level of NO metabolites. Tyrosol administration also attenuated ischemia-reperfusion-induced NF-κB activation and iNOS expression. Such a treatment improved kidney function. Results suggest that tyrosol may have a protective effect against acute kidney injury through inhibition of iNOS-mediated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengqi Wang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Palmieri D, Perego P, Palombo D. Estrogen Receptor Activation Protects Against TNF-α-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction. Angiology 2013; 65:17-21. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319713477909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lack of estrogen is a cause of cardiovascular disease in men and postmenopausal women. We examined the effects of estrogen receptor (ERs) activation/inactivation on endothelial cells subjected to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, which is involved in vascular disease pathogenesis. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 9 expression, as well as protein kinase B (PKB) activation were evaluated as markers of endothelial dysfunction. The TNF-α induces eNOS and MMP-9 expression and PKB activation. The ER activation by apigenin, a nonsteroidal compound with estrogen-like activity mediated through ER binding-dependent pathways, counteracts these effects. These effects are reversed by classic (ER-α and ER-β) and nonclassic (G-protein-coupled receptor) ER inhibitors (ICI182 780 and pertussis toxin, respectively). Our data suggest that ER activation counteracts endothelial dysfunction induced by TNF-α. The use of ER activators, such as apigenin, may represent a strategy to prevent vascular disease associated with endothelial dysfunction, while avoiding the feminizing effects of estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Palmieri
- Vascular and Endovascular Unit, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Biology, DISC, University Hospital IRCCS San Martino, Italy
| | - Patrizia Perego
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering “G.B. Bonino”, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Palombo
- Vascular and Endovascular Unit, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Biology, DISC, University Hospital IRCCS San Martino, Italy
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Sánchez-Fidalgo S, Cárdeno A, Sánchez-Hidalgo M, Aparicio-Soto M, de la Lastra CA. Dietary extra virgin olive oil polyphenols supplementation modulates DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:1401-13. [PMID: 23337347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the protective effect of dietary extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenol extract (PE) supplementation in the inflammatory response associated to chronic colitis model. Six-week-old mice were randomized in four dietary groups: standard diet (SD), EVOO diet and both enriched with PE (850 ppm) (SD+PE and EVOO+PE). After 30 days, animals that were exposed to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) (3%) followed by 3 weeks of drinking water developed chronic colitis, which was evaluated by disease activity index (DAI) and histology. Cell proliferation was analyzed by immunohistochemical and changes in monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Colonic expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), IκBα inhibitory and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) were determined by western blotting. SD-DSS group showed a significant increase of DAI, histological damage and cell proliferation, as well as an up-regulation of TNF-α, MCP-1, COX-2 and iNOS proteins. p38 and JNK MAPKs phosphorylation, IκBα degradation and PPARγ deactivation were also observed. However, in DSS-treated and EVOO+PE-fed mice, DAI and cell proliferation were significantly reduced, as well as MCP-1, TNF-α, COX-2 and iNOS expression levels. In addition, this dietary group, notably down-regulated JNK phosphorylation, prevented IκBα degradation and PPARγ deactivation. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that EVOO-PE supplementation possessed marked protective effects on experimental colitis through PPARγ up-regulation and nuclear transcription factor-kappa B and MAPK signaling pathway inhibition, decreasing the inflammatory cascade. We concluded that PE-enriched EVOO diet could be a beneficial functional food on ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Sánchez-Fidalgo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
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38
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Farràs M, Valls RM, Fernández-Castillejo S, Giralt M, Solà R, Subirana I, Motilva MJ, Konstantinidou V, Covas MI, Fitó M. Olive oil polyphenols enhance the expression of cholesterol efflux related genes in vivo in humans. A randomized controlled trial. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:1334-9. [PMID: 23333095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Both oleic acid and polyphenols have been shown to increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and to protect HDL from oxidation, a phenomenon associated with a low cholesterol efflux from cells. Our goal was to determine whether polyphenols from olive oil could exert an in vivo nutrigenomic effect on genes related to cholesterol efflux in humans. In a randomized, controlled, cross-over trial, 13 pre/hypertensive patients were assigned 30 ml of two similar olive oils with high (961 mg/kg) and moderate (289 mg/kg) polyphenol content. We found an increase in ATP binding cassette transporter-A1, scavenger receptor class B type 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)BP, PPARα, PPARγ, PPARδ and CD36 gene expression in white blood cells at postprandial after high polyphenol olive oil when compared with moderate polyphenol olive oil intervention (P<.017), with COX-1 reaching borderline significance (P=.024). Linear regression analyses showed that changes in gene expression were related to a decrease in oxidized low-density lipoproteins and with an increase in oxygen radical absorbance capacity and olive oil polyphenols (P<.05). Our results indicate a significant role of olive oil polyphenols in the up-regulation of genes involved in the cholesterol efflux from cells to HDL in vivo in humans. These results are in agreement with previous ones concerning the fact that benefits associated with polyphenol-rich olive oil consumption on cardiovascular risk could be mediated through an in vivo nutrigenomic effect in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Farràs
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, IMIM-Research Institut Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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