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Usseglio J, Dumur A, Pagès E, Renaudie É, Abélanet A, Brie J, Champion É, Magnaudeix A. Microporous Hydroxyapatite-Based Ceramics Alter the Physiology of Endothelial Cells through Physical and Chemical Cues. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:460. [PMID: 37754874 PMCID: PMC10531673 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Incorporation of silicate ions in calcium phosphate ceramics (CPC) and modification of their multiscale architecture are two strategies for improving the vascularization of scaffolds for bone regenerative medicine. The response of endothelial cells, actors for vascularization, to the chemical and physical cues of biomaterial surfaces is little documented, although essential. We aimed to characterize in vitro the response of an endothelial cell line, C166, cultivated on the surface CPCs varying either in terms of their chemistry (pure versus silicon-doped HA) or their microstructure (dense versus microporous). Adhesion, metabolic activity, and proliferation were significantly altered on microporous ceramics, but the secretion of the pro-angiogenic VEGF-A increased from 262 to 386 pg/mL on porous compared to dense silicon-doped HA ceramics after 168 h. A tubulogenesis assay was set up directly on the ceramics. Two configurations were designed for discriminating the influence of the chemistry from that of the surface physical properties. The formation of tubule-like structures was qualitatively more frequent on dense ceramics. Microporous ceramics induced calcium depletion in the culture medium (from 2 down to 0.5 mmol/L), which is deleterious for C166. Importantly, this effect might be associated with the in vitro static cell culture. No influence of silicon doping of HA on C166 behavior was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amandine Magnaudeix
- Université de Limoges, CNRS, Institut de Recherche sur les Céramiques, UMR 7315, F-87000 Limoges, France; (J.U.); (A.D.); (E.P.); (É.R.); (A.A.); (J.B.); (É.C.)
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2
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Ngarande E, Doubell E, Tamgue O, Mano M, Human P, Giacca M, Davies NH. Modified fibrin hydrogel for sustained delivery of RNAi lipopolyplexes in skeletal muscle. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac101. [PMID: 36726610 PMCID: PMC9887344 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference is a promising therapeutical approach presently hindered by delivery concerns such as rapid RNA degradation and targeting of individual tissues. Injectable hydrogels are one potentially simple and direct route towards overcoming these barriers. Here we report on the utility of a combination of a mildly modified form of the clinically utilised fibrin hydrogel with Invivofectamine® 3.0, a lipid nonviral transfection vector, for local and sustained release. PEGylation of fibrin allowed for controlled release of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-lipopolyplexes for at least 10 days and greatly increased the stability of fibrin in vitro and in vivo. A 3D cell culture model and a release study showed transfection efficacy of siRNA-lipopolyplexes was retained for a minimum of 7 days. Injection in conjunction with PEGylated-fibrinogen significantly increased retention of siRNA-lipopolyplexes in mouse skeletal muscle and enhanced knockdown of myostatin mRNA that correlated with muscle growth. Thus, the increased efficacy observed here for the combination of a lipid nanoparticle, the only type of nonviral vector approved for the clinic, with fibrin, might allow for more rapid translation of injectable hydrogel-based RNA interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Ngarande
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Emma Doubell
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | | | - Manuel Mano
- King’s College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, WC2R 2LS, London, UK
| | - Paul Human
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Mauro Giacca
- King’s College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, WC2R 2LS, London, UK
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Tracy EP, Stielberg V, Rowe G, Benson D, Nunes SS, Hoying JB, Murfee WL, LeBlanc AJ. State of the field: cellular and exosomal therapeutic approaches in vascular regeneration. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H647-H680. [PMID: 35179976 PMCID: PMC8957327 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00674.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pathologies of the vasculature including the microvasculature are often complex in nature, leading to loss of physiological homeostatic regulation of patency and adequate perfusion to match tissue metabolic demands. Microvascular dysfunction is a key underlying element in the majority of pathologies of failing organs and tissues. Contributing pathological factors to this dysfunction include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress, endothelial dysfunction, loss of angiogenic potential and vascular density, and greater senescence and apoptosis. In many clinical settings, current pharmacologic strategies use a single or narrow targeted approach to address symptoms of pathology rather than a comprehensive and multifaceted approach to address their root cause. To address this, efforts have been heavily focused on cellular therapies and cell-free therapies (e.g., exosomes) that can tackle the multifaceted etiology of vascular and microvascular dysfunction. In this review, we discuss 1) the state of the field in terms of common therapeutic cell population isolation techniques, their unique characteristics, and their advantages and disadvantages, 2) common molecular mechanisms of cell therapies to restore vascularization and/or vascular function, 3) arguments for and against allogeneic versus autologous applications of cell therapies, 4) emerging strategies to optimize and enhance cell therapies through priming and preconditioning, and, finally, 5) emerging strategies to bolster therapeutic effect. Relevant and recent clinical and animal studies using cellular therapies to restore vascular function or pathologic tissue health by way of improved vascularization are highlighted throughout these sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Paul Tracy
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute and the Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Virginia Stielberg
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute and the Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Gabrielle Rowe
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute and the Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Daniel Benson
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute and the Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Sara S Nunes
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James B Hoying
- Advanced Solutions Life Sciences, Manchester, New Hampshire
| | - Walter Lee Murfee
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Amanda Jo LeBlanc
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute and the Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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ComŞa Ş, CeauȘu AR, Popescu R, SÂrb S, CÎmpean AM, Raica M. The MSC-MCF-7 Duet Playing Tumor Vasculogenesis and Angiogenesis onto the Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane. In Vivo 2020; 34:3315-3325. [PMID: 33144439 PMCID: PMC7811630 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) represent a versatile cell population, able to modulate the tumor microenvironment. Our aim was to recreate an open scene for the in vivo interaction between hMSC and the MCF-7 breast cancer cells (MCF-7), in order to enlighten the intimate involvement of hMSC in tumor vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS hMSC and MCF-7 were seeded onto the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and incubated for 7 days. Consecutively, the morphology and the immunohistochemical profile of CAM were assessed. RESULTS Following this complex interaction, MCF-7 acquired a more aggressive phenotype, hMSC switched to a vascular precursor phenotype, while CAM underwent a major reset to an earlier stage, with hotspots of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and hematopoiesis. CONCLUSION The hallmark of this study was the establishment of a veritable in vivo experimental model of MSC involvement in tumor vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, allowing further analysis in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şerban ComŞa
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
- Angiogenesis Research Center, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Amalia-Raluca CeauȘu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
- Angiogenesis Research Center, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Popescu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Cell and Molecular Biology, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Simona SÂrb
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Anca-Maria CÎmpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
- Angiogenesis Research Center, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
- Angiogenesis Research Center, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
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Jiang X, Xu C, Shi H, Cheng Q. PTH1-34 improves bone healing by promoting angiogenesis and facilitating MSCs migration and differentiation in a stabilized fracture mouse model. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226163. [PMID: 31821371 PMCID: PMC6903750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective PTH1-34 (parathyroid hormone 1–34) is the only clinical drug to promote osteogenesis. MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells) have multidirectional differentiation potential and are closely related to fracture healing. This study was to explore the effects of PTH1-34 on proliferation and differentiation of endothelial cells and MSCs in vitro, and on angiogenesis, and MSCs migration during fracture healing in vivo. Methods Mice with stabilized fracture were assigned to 4 groups: CON, PTH (PTH1-34 40 μg/kg/day), MSC (transplanted with 105 MSCs), PTH+MSCs. Mice were sacrificed 14 days after fracture, and callus tissues were harvested for microCT scan and immunohistochemistry analysis. The effects of PTH1-34 on angiogenesis, and MSCs differentiation and migration were assessed by wound healing, tube formation and immunofluorescence staining. Results Treatment with either PTH1-34, or MSCs promoted bone healing and vascular formation in fracture callus. The callus bone mass, bone volume, and bone mineral density were all greater in PTH and/or MSC groups than they were in CON (p<0.05). PTH1-34 increased small vessels formation (diameter ≤50μm), whereas MSCs increased the large ones (diameter >50μm). Expression of CD31 within calluses and trabecular bones were significantly higher in PTH1-34 treated group than that of not (p<0.05). Expression of CD31, VEGFR, VEGFR2, and vWF was upregulated, and wound healing and tube formation were increased in MSCs treated with PTH1-34 compared to that of control. Conclusions PTH1-34 improved the proliferation and differentiation of endothelial cells and MSCs, enhancing migration of MSCs to bone callus to promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis, and facilitating fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuidi Xu
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Shi
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Cheng
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Pergu R, Dagar S, Kumar H, Kumar R, Bhattacharya J, Mylavarapu SVS. The chaperone ERp29 is required for tunneling nanotube formation by stabilizing MSec. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7177-7193. [PMID: 30877198 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are membrane conduits that mediate long-distance intercellular cross-talk in several organisms and play vital roles during development, pathogenic transmission, and cancer metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms of TNT formation and function remain poorly understood. The protein MSec (also known as TNFα-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2) and B94) is essential for TNT formation in multiple cell types. Here, using affinity protein purification, mass spectrometric identification, and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy assays, we found that MSec interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone ERp29. siRNA-mediated ERp29 depletion in mammalian cells significantly reduces TNT formation, whereas its overexpression induces TNT formation, but in a strictly MSec-dependent manner. ERp29 stabilized MSec protein levels, but not its mRNA levels, and the chaperone activity of ERp29 was required for maintaining MSec protein stability. Subcellular ER fractionation and subsequent limited proteolytic treatment suggested that MSec is associated with the outer surface of the ER. The ERp29-MSec interaction appeared to require the presence of other bridging protein(s), perhaps triggered by post-translational modification of ERp29. Our study implicates MSec as a target of ERp29 and reveals an indispensable role for the ER in TNT formation, suggesting new modalities for regulating TNT numbers in cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaiah Pergu
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, and.,the Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Karnataka 576104, and
| | - Sunayana Dagar
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, and.,the Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar Odisha 751024, India
| | - Harsh Kumar
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, and.,the Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Karnataka 576104, and
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- the HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad Haryana 121001
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharya
- the HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad Haryana 121001
| | - Sivaram V S Mylavarapu
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, and .,the Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Karnataka 576104, and.,the Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar Odisha 751024, India
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Joddar B, Kumar SA, Kumar A. A Contact-Based Method for Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells into an Endothelial Cell-Phenotype. Cell Biochem Biophys 2018; 76:187-195. [PMID: 28942575 PMCID: PMC5866207 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-017-0828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are known to possess the ability to augment neovascularization processes and are thus widely popular as an autologous source of progenitor cells. However there is a huge gap in our current knowledge of mechanisms involved in differentiating MSC into endothelial cells (EC), essential for lining engineered blood vessels. To fill up this gap, we attempted to differentiate human MSC into EC, by culturing the former onto chemically fixed layers of EC or its ECM, respectively. We expected direct contact of MSC when cultured atop fixed EC or its ECM, would coax the former to differentiate into EC. Results showed that human MSC cultured atop chemically fixed EC or its ECM using EC-medium showed enhanced expression of CD31, a marker for EC, compared to other cases. Further in all human MSC cultured using EC-medium, typically characteristic cobble stone shaped morphologies were noted in comparison to cells cultured using MSC medium, implying that the differentiated cells were sensitive to soluble VEGF supplementation present in the EC-medium. Results will enhance and affect therapies utilizing autologous MSC as a cell source for generating vascular cells to be used in a variety of tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binata Joddar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
| | - Shweta Anil Kumar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Alok Kumar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
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hASC and DFAT, Multipotent Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine: A Comparison of Their Potential Differentiation In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122699. [PMID: 29236047 PMCID: PMC5751300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue comprises both adipose and non-adipose cells such as mesenchymal stem cells. These cells show a surface antigenic profile similar to that of bone-marrow-derived MSC. The cells derived from the dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes (DFAT) are another cell population with characteristics of stemness. The aim of this study is to provide evidence of the stemness, proliferation, and differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASC) and DFAT obtained from human subcutaneous AT and evaluate their potential use in regenerative medicine. Cell populations were studied by histochemical and molecular biology techniques. Both hASC and DFAT were positive for MSC markers. Their proliferative capacity was similar and both populations were able to differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. DFAT were able to accumulate lipids and their lipoprotein lipase and adiponectin gene expression were high. Alkaline phosphatase and RUNX2 gene expression were greater in hASC than in DFAT at 14 days but became similar after three weeks. Both cell populations were able to differentiate into chondrocytes, showing positive staining with Alcian Blue and gene expression of SOX9 and ACAN. In conclusion, both hASC and DFAT populations derived from AT have a high differentiation capacity and thus may have applications in regenerative medicine.
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Collateral Damage Intended-Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Vasculature Are Potential Targets in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112355. [PMID: 29112161 PMCID: PMC5713324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After oncogenic transformation, tumor cells rewire their metabolism to obtain sufficient energy and biochemical building blocks for cell proliferation, even under hypoxic conditions. Glucose and glutamine become their major limiting nutritional demands. Instead of being autonomous, tumor cells change their immediate environment not only by their metabolites but also by mediators, such as juxtacrine cell contacts, chemokines and other cytokines. Thus, the tumor cells shape their microenvironment as well as induce resident cells, such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells (ECs), to support them. Fibroblasts differentiate into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which produce a qualitatively and quantitatively different extracellular matrix (ECM). By their contractile power, they exert tensile forces onto this ECM, leading to increased intratumoral pressure. Moreover, along with enhanced cross-linkage of the ECM components, CAFs thus stiffen the ECM. Attracted by tumor cell- and CAF-secreted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), ECs sprout from pre-existing blood vessels during tumor-induced angiogenesis. Tumor vessels are distinct from EC-lined vessels, because tumor cells integrate into the endothelium or even mimic and replace it in vasculogenic mimicry (VM) vessels. Not only the VM vessels but also the characteristically malformed EC-lined tumor vessels are typical for tumor tissue and may represent promising targets in cancer therapy.
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Differentiation of Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament Fibroblast Cells by In Vitro Coculture. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7360354. [PMID: 29085840 PMCID: PMC5632453 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7360354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are common in humans, though cellular components of the knee have little regenerative or proliferation potential. This study investigated the differentiation of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) into human anterior cruciate ligament fibroblasts (hACLFs) in vitro through induction with bFGF and TGF-β1 with coculture systems. Groups A and B comprised hAMSCs at the 3rd passage cultured with and without bFGF and TGF-β1, respectively; Groups C and D consisted of hAMSCs and hACLFs in monolayer coculture with and without bFGF and TGF-β1, respectively; Groups E and F were composed of hAMSCs and hACLFs in Transwell coculture with and without bFGF and TGF-β1, respectively. Cell morphology and proliferation were recorded. Protein expression and relative mRNA expression were evaluated in each group. Cell proliferation was significantly higher in the induced groups than in the noninduced groups. Protein expression increased over time with the highest expression observed in Group E. mRNA levels were significantly higher in Group E than in other groups. This study is the first to demonstrate the use of the Transwell coculture system for this purpose, and hAMSCs were successfully differentiated into hACLFs. Thus, hAMSCs may be a superior choice for hACLF differentiation via Transwell coculture.
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Liu C, Tsai AL, Li PC, Huang CW, Wu CC. Endothelial differentiation of bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells applicable to hypoxia and increased migration through Akt and NFκB signals. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:29. [PMID: 28173835 PMCID: PMC5296962 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are used to repair hypoxic or ischemic tissue. However, the underlining mechanism of resistance in the hypoxic microenvironment and the efficacy of migration to the injured tissue are still unknown. The current study aims to understand the hypoxia resistance and migration ability of MSCs during differentiation toward endothelial lineages by biochemical and mechanical stimuli. METHOD MSCs were harvested from the bone marrow of 6-8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The endothelial growth medium (EGM) was added to MSCs for 3 days to initiate endothelial differentiation. Laminar shear stress was used as the fluid mechanical stimulation. RESULTS Application of EGM facilitated the early endothelial lineage cells (eELCs) to express EPC markers. When treating the hypoxic mimetic desferrioxamine, both MSCs and eELCs showed resistance to hypoxia as compared with the occurrence of apoptosis in rat fibroblasts. The eELCs under hypoxia increased the wound closure and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) gene expression. Although the shear stress promoted eELC maturation and aligned cells parallel to the flow direction, their migration ability was not superior to that of eELCs either under normoxia or hypoxia. The eELCs showed higher protein expressions of CXCR4, phosphorylated Akt (pAkt), and endogenous NFκB and IκBα than MSCs under both normoxia and hypoxia conditions. The potential migratory signals were discovered by inhibiting either Akt or NFκB using specific inhibitors and revealed decreases of wound closure and transmigration ability in eELCs. CONCLUSION The Akt and NFκB pathways are important to regulate the early endothelial differentiation and its migratory ability under a hypoxic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Center, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - An-Ly Tsai
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chia Li
- Department of Occupational Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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12
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Ricles LM, Hsieh PL, Dana N, Rybalko V, Kraynak C, Farrar RP, Suggs LJ. Therapeutic assessment of mesenchymal stem cells delivered within a PEGylated fibrin gel following an ischemic injury. Biomaterials 2016; 102:9-19. [PMID: 27318932 PMCID: PMC4939799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The intent of the current study was to investigate the therapeutic contribution of MSCs to vascular regeneration and functional recovery of ischemic tissue. We used a rodent hind limb ischemia model and intramuscularly delivered MSCs within a PEGylated fibrin gel matrix. Within this model, we demonstrated that MSC therapy, when delivered in PEGylated fibrin, results in significantly higher mature blood vessel formation, which allows for greater functional recovery of skeletal muscle tissue as assessed using force production measurements. We observed initial signs of vascular repair at early time points when MSCs were delivered without PEGylated fibrin, but this did not persist or lead to recovery of the tissue in the long-term. Furthermore, animals which were treated with PEGylated fibrin alone exhibited a greater number of mature blood vessels, but they did not arterialize and did not show improvements in force production. These results demonstrate that revascularization of ischemic tissue may be a necessary but not sufficient step to complete functional repair of the injured tissue. This work has implications on stem cell therapies for ischemic diseases and also potentially on how such therapies are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Ricles
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Nicholas Dana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Viktoriya Rybalko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Chelsea Kraynak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Roger P Farrar
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Laura J Suggs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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