1
|
Zhang S, Zhang X, Ren Y, Huang L, Xu W, Wang H, Lu Q. Regorafenib enhances the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma through MAPK signaling pathway suppression. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 49:104319. [PMID: 39181490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising and innovative approach for treating tumors. The synergistic effect of PDT and chemotherapy can enhance the anti-tumor efficacy by leveraging their complementing benefits. In this study, we created lipid vesicles to deliver a photosensitizer (chlorin e6, Ce6) and Regorafenib into tumors for the purpose of examining the effectiveness and mechanism of Lipo-Ce6@Rego-PDT (LCR-P) on Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) both in vitro and in vivo. We found that the cytotoxicity on HCC caused by LCR-P was significantly stronger than that caused by Lipo-Ce6-PDT (LC-P). Cellular ROS production in the LCR-P group was approximately higher than that in the LC-P group, and Regorafenib significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and P38 of Lipo-Ce6-PDT group in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Regorafenib significantly downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and upregulated the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 of LC-P group in vitro and in vivo. Compared with LC-P, LCR-P significantly increased cell apoptosis rate. The body weight and HE staining of normal organs primarily indicated the safety of this combined strategy. These results indicate that the combination of Regorafenib and Lipo-Ce6 can significantly enhance the anti-tumor efficiency of PDT for HCC and exhibits good biosafety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Postdoctoral Research Station, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Yali Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Weitian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qiping Lu
- Postdoctoral Research Station, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen J, Yang J, Liu Y, Zhao X, Zhao J, Tang L, Guo M, Zhou Y, Chen C, Li D, Wen Z, Liang G, Xu L. MAPK4 facilitates angiogenesis by inhibiting the ERK pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. CANCER INNOVATION 2024; 3:e117. [PMID: 38947754 PMCID: PMC11212285 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis plays an important role in the occurrence and development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (MAPK4) has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, the potential role of MAPK4 in the tumor angiogenesis of NSCLC remains unclear. Methods Adult male C57BL/6 wild-type mice were randomly divided into the control group and p-siMAPK4 intervention group, respectively. The cell proliferation was analyzed with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining. The vascular density in tumor mass was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The expressions of MAPK4 and related signaling molecules were detected by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining, and so on. Results We found that the expression of MAPK4, which was dominantly expressed in local endothelial cells (ECs), was correlated with tumor angiogenesis of NSCLC. Furthermore, MAPK4 silencing inhibited the proliferation and migration abilities of human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs). Global gene analysis showed that MAPK4 silencing altered the expression of multiple genes related to cell cycle and angiogenesis pathways, and that MAPK4 silencing increased transduction of the extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway but not Akt and c-Jun n-terminal kinase pathways. Further analysis showed that MAPK4 silencing inhibited the proliferation and migration abilities of HUVECs cultured in tumor cell supernatant, which was accompanied with increased transduction of the ERK1/2 pathway. Clinical data analysis suggested that the higher expression of MAPK4 and CD34 were associated with poor prognosis of patients with NSCLC. Targeted silencing of MAPK4 in ECs using small interfering RNA driven by the CD34 promoter effectively inhibited tumor angiogenesis and growth of NSCLC in vivo. Conclusion Our results reveal that MAPK4 plays an important role in the angiogenesis and development of NSCLC. MAPK4 may thus represent a new target for NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Jing Yang
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yufang Liu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Xu Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Lin Tang
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Ya Zhou
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of Medical PhysicsZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Dongmei Li
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Institute of BiomedicalSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Guiyou Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou ProvinceZunyiGuizhouChina
- Department of ImmunologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wei Q, Zhang YH. Flavonoids with Anti-Angiogenesis Function in Cancer. Molecules 2024; 29:1570. [PMID: 38611849 PMCID: PMC11013936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels, known as angiogenesis, significantly impacts the development of multiple types of cancer. Consequently, researchers have focused on targeting this process to prevent and treat numerous disorders. However, most existing anti-angiogenic treatments rely on synthetic compounds and humanized monoclonal antibodies, often expensive or toxic, restricting patient access to these therapies. Hence, the pursuit of discovering new, affordable, less toxic, and efficient anti-angiogenic compounds is imperative. Numerous studies propose that natural plant-derived products exhibit these sought-after characteristics. The objective of this review is to delve into the anti-angiogenic properties exhibited by naturally derived flavonoids from plants, along with their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. Additionally, we summarize the structure, classification, and the relationship between flavonoids with their signaling pathways in plants as anti-angiogenic agents, including main HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, JNK1/STAT3, and MAPK/AP-1 pathways. Nonetheless, further research and innovative approaches are required to enhance their bioavailability for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- School of Medicine, Anhui Xinhua University, 555 Wangjiang West Road, Hefei 230088, China;
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nan W, He Y, Shen S, Wu M, Wang S, Zhang Y. BMP4 inhibits corneal neovascularization by interfering with tip cells in angiogenesis. Exp Eye Res 2023; 237:109680. [PMID: 37858608 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CNV) can lead to impaired corneal transparency, resulting in vision loss or blindness. The primary pathological mechanism underlying CNV is an imbalance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, with inflammation playing a crucial role. Notably, a vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-A gradient triggers the selection of single endothelial cells(ECs) into primary tip cells that guide sprouting, while a dynamic balance between tip and stalk cells maintains a specific ratio to promote CNV. Despite the central importance of tip-stalk cell selection and shuffling, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) on VEGF-A-induced lumen formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and CD34-stained tip cell formation. In vivo, BMP4 inhibited CNV caused by corneal sutures. This process was achieved by BMP4 decreasing the protein expression of VEGF-A and VEGFR2 in corneal tissue after corneal suture injury. By observing the ultrastructure of the cornea, BMP4 inhibited the sprouting of tip cells and brought forward the appearance of intussusception. Meanwhile, BMP4 attenuated the inflammatory response by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)formation through the NADPH oxidase-2(NOX-2)pathway. Our results indicate that BMP4 inhibits the formation of tip cells by reducing the generation of NETs, disrupting the dynamic balance of tip and stalk cells and thereby inhibiting CNV, suggesting that BMP4 may be a potential therapeutic target for CNV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijin Nan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yuxi He
- Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Sitong Shen
- Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Meiliang Wu
- Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; Corneal Refraction Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
O’Shaughnessy M, Sheils O, Baird AM. The Lung Microbiome in COPD and Lung Cancer: Exploring the Potential of Metal-Based Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12296. [PMID: 37569672 PMCID: PMC10419288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer 17 are two of the most prevalent and debilitating respiratory diseases worldwide, both associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. As major global health concerns, they impose a substantial burden on patients, healthcare systems, and society at large. Despite their distinct aetiologies, lung cancer and COPD share common risk factors, clinical features, and pathological pathways, which have spurred increasing research interest in their co-occurrence. One area of particular interest is the role of the lung microbiome in the development and progression of these diseases, including the transition from COPD to lung cancer. Exploring novel therapeutic strategies, such as metal-based drugs, offers a potential avenue for targeting the microbiome in these diseases to improve patient outcomes. This review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of the lung microbiome, with a particular emphasis on COPD and lung cancer, and to discuss the potential of metal-based drugs as a therapeutic strategy for these conditions, specifically concerning targeting the microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan O’Shaughnessy
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Sheils
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne-Marie Baird
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Coelho-Santos V, Cruz AJN, Shih AY. Does Perinatal Intermittent Hypoxia Affect Cerebrovascular Network Development? Dev Neurosci 2023; 46:44-54. [PMID: 37231864 DOI: 10.1159/000530957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia is an inadequate delivery of oxygen to the fetus in the period immediately before, during, or after the birth process. The most frequent form of hypoxia occurring in human development is chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) due to sleep-disordered breathing (apnea) or bradycardia events. CIH incidence is particularly high with premature infants. During CIH, repetitive cycles of hypoxia and reoxygenation initiate oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades in the brain. A dense microvascular network of arterioles, capillaries, and venules is required to support the constant metabolic demands of the adult brain. The development and refinement of this microvasculature is orchestrated throughout gestation and in the initial weeks after birth, at a critical juncture when CIH can occur. There is little knowledge on how CIH affects the development of the cerebrovasculature. However, since CIH (and its treatments) can cause profound abnormalities in tissue oxygen content and neural activity, there is reason to believe that it can induce lasting abnormalities in vascular structure and function at the microvascular level contributing to neurodevelopmental disorders. This mini-review discusses the hypothesis that CIH induces a positive feedback loop to perpetuate metabolic insufficiency through derailment of normal cerebrovascular development, leading to long-term deficiencies in cerebrovascular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Coelho-Santos
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anne-Jolene N Cruz
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andy Y Shih
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Combination of EPC-EXs and NPC-EXs with miR-126 and miR-210 overexpression produces better therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke by protecting neurons through the Nox2/ROS and BDNF/TrkB pathways. Exp Neurol 2023; 359:114235. [PMID: 36174747 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS/AIMS Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and endothelial progenitor cell (EPCs) exhibit synergistical effects on protecting endothelial cell functions. MiR-126 and miR-210 can protect cell activities by regulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Exosomes (EXs) mediate the beneficial effects of stem cells via delivering microRNAs (miRs). Here, we investigated the combination effects of EXs from EPCs (EPC-EXs) and NPCs (NPC-EXs), and determined whether these EXs with miR-126 (EPC-EXsmiR-126) and miR-210 overexpression (NPC-EXsmiR-210) had better effects on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-injured neurons and ischemic stroke (IS). METHODS Cultured neurons were subjected to hypoxia for 6 h and then co-cultured with culture medium, NPC-EXs, EPC-EXs, NPC-EXs + EPC-EXs or NPC-EXsmiR-210 + EPC-EXsmiR-126 under normoxia for 24 h. Cell apoptosis, ROS production, neurite outgrowth and BDNF level were analyzed. Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed on C57BL/6 mice to build IS model. The mice were injected with PBS or various EXs via tail vein 2 h after MCAO operation. After 24 h, infarct volume and neurological deficits score (NDS), neuronal apoptosis, ROS production and spine density of dendrites, and brain BDNF level were analyzed. For mechanism study, NADPH oxidase 2(Nox2) and BDNF receptor tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) were determined, and TrkB inhibitor k-252a was used in in vitro and in vivo study. RESULTS 1) The level of miR-210 or miR-126 was increased after NPC-EXs or EPC-EXs treatment respectively. 2) In H/R-injured neurons, NPC-EXs or EPC-EXs decreased cell apoptosis and ROS production and promoted neurite outgrowth, which were associated with the downregulation of Nox2 and the increase of BDNF and p-TrkB/TrkB level. 3) In MCAO mice, NPC-EXs or EPC-EXs decreased infarct volume and NDS, reduced neural apoptosis and ROS production, and promoted the spine density of dendrites. The levels of Nox2, BDNF and p-TrkB/TrkB in mouse brain tissues changed in similar patterns as seen in the in vitro study. 4) In both cell and mouse models, combination of NPC-EXs and EPC-EXs was more effective than NPC-EXs or EPC-EXs alone on all of these effects. 5) EPC-EXsmiR-126 + NPC-EXsmiR-210 had better effects compared to NPC-EXs + EPC-EXs, which were inhibited by k-252a. CONCLUSION EPC-EXsmiR-126 combined NPC-EXsmiR-210 further orchestrate the combinative protective effects of EPC-EXs and NPC-EXs on IS, possibly by protecting H/R-injured neurons through the Nox2/ ROS and BDNF/TrkB pathways.
Collapse
|
8
|
Selenium and human nervous system. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
9
|
Zhou Y, Wang Y, Vong CT, Zhu Y, Xu B, Ruan CC, Wang Y, Cheang WS. Jatrorrhizine Improves Endothelial Function in Diabetes and Obesity through Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12064. [PMID: 36292919 PMCID: PMC9602750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Jatrorrhizine (JAT) is one of the major bioactive protoberberine alkaloids found in rhizoma coptidis, which has hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the vasoprotective effects of JAT in diabetes and obesity and the underlying mechanism involved. Mouse aortas, carotid arteries and human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with risk factors (high glucose or tunicamycin) with and without JAT ex vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, aortas were obtained from mice with chronic treatment: (1) control; (2) diet-induced obese (DIO) mice fed a high-fat diet (45% kcal% fat) for 15 weeks; and (3) DIO mice orally administered JAT at 50 mg/kg/day for the last 5 weeks. High glucose or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer tunicamycin impaired acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations (EDRs) in mouse aortas, induced oxidative stress in carotid arteries and HUVECs, downregulated phosphorylations of Akt at Ser473 and eNOS at Ser1177 and enhanced ER stress in mouse aortas and HUVECs, and these impairments were reversed by cotreatment with JAT. JAT increased NO release in high-glucose-treated mouse aortas and HUVECs. In addition, chronic JAT treatment restored endothelial function with EDRs comparable to the control, increased Akt/eNOS phosphorylation, and attenuated ER stress and oxidative stress in aortas from DIO mice. Blood pressure, glucose sensitivity, fatty liver and its morphological change, as well as plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and plasma lipid profile, were also normalized by JAT treatment. Collectively, our data may be the first to reveal the vasoprotective effect of JAT that ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and obesity through enhancement of the Akt/eNOS pathway and NO bioavailability, as well as suppression of ER stress and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yuehan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Cheng-Chao Ruan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang P, Luo J, Wu T, Wang X, Yang F, Yu Y, Lu L, Yu H. MiR-32-5p/AIDA Mediates OxLDL-Induced Endothelial Injury and Inflammation. Int Heart J 2022; 63:928-938. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.22-067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Jianfang Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science
| | - Tianlong Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science
| | - Yanhong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University
| | - Lihe Lu
- Department of Pathophysiolgy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Huimin Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Role of Bioactive Compounds in Natural Products Extracted from Plants in Cancer Treatment and Their Mechanisms Related to Anticancer Effects. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1429869. [PMID: 35211240 PMCID: PMC8863487 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1429869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the greatest causes of death worldwide. With the development of surgery, radiotherapy, and medical agents, the outcomes of cancer patients have greatly improved. However, the underlying mechanisms of cancer are not yet fully understood. Recently, natural products have been proven to be beneficial for various conditions and have played important roles in the development of novel therapies. A substantial amount of evidence indicates that bioactive compounds could improve the outcomes of cancer patients via various pathways, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, epigenetic modification, and modulation of oxidative stress. Here, we review the current evidence of bioactive compounds in natural products for the treatment of cancer and summarize the underlying mechanisms in this pathological process.
Collapse
|
12
|
Accumulation of acetaldehyde in aldh2.1 zebrafish causes increased retinal angiogenesis and impaired glucose metabolism. Redox Biol 2022; 50:102249. [PMID: 35114580 PMCID: PMC8818574 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) are spontaneously formed in the metabolism and modify and impair the function of DNA, proteins and lipids leading to several organ complications. In zebrafish, knockout of the RCS detoxifying enzymes glyoxalase 1 (Glo 1), aldehyde dehydrogenase 3a1 (Aldh3a1) and aldo-ketoreductase 1a1a (Akr1a1a) showed a signature of elevated RCS which specifically regulated glucose metabolism, hyperglycemia and diabetic organ damage. aldh2.1 was compensatory upregulated in glo1−/− animals and therefore this study aimed to investigate the detoxification ability for RCS by Aldh2.1 in zebrafish independent of ethanol exposure. aldh2.1 knockout zebrafish were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 and subsequently analyzed on a histological, metabolomic and transcriptomic level. aldh2.1−/− zebrafish displayed increased endogenous acetaldehyde (AA) inducing an increased angiogenesis in retinal vasculature. Expression and pharmacological interventional studies identified an imbalance of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK induced by AA, which mediate an activation of angiogenesis. Moreover, increased AA in aldh2.1−/− zebrafish did not induce hyperglycemia, instead AA inhibited the expression of glucokinase (gck) and glucose-6-phosphatase (g6pc), which led to an impaired glucose metabolism. In conclusion, the data have identified AA as the preferred substrate for Aldh2.1's detoxification ability, which subsequently causes microvascular organ damage and impaired glucose metabolism. ALDH2.1 was compensatory upregulated in glyoxalase 1 zebrafish mutants. Loss of ALDH2.1 increases acetaldehyde leading to vascular retinal alterations. Acetaldehyde controls glucose metabolism via glucose-6-phosphate and glucokinase. Altered JNK and p38 cause microvascular complications.
Collapse
|
13
|
The Blood-Brain Barrier, Oxidative Stress, and Insulin Resistance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111695. [PMID: 34829566 PMCID: PMC8615183 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a network of specialized endothelial cells that regulates substrate entry into the central nervous system (CNS). Acting as the interface between the periphery and the CNS, the BBB must be equipped to defend against oxidative stress and other free radicals generated in the periphery to protect the CNS. There are unique features of brain endothelial cells that increase the susceptibility of these cells to oxidative stress. Insulin signaling can be impacted by varying levels of oxidative stress, with low levels of oxidative stress being necessary for signaling and higher levels being detrimental. Insulin must cross the BBB in order to access the CNS, levels of which are important in peripheral metabolism as well as cognition. Any alterations in BBB transport due to oxidative stress at the BBB could have downstream disease implications. In this review, we cover the interactions of oxidative stress at the BBB, how insulin signaling is related to oxidative stress, and the impact of the BBB in two diseases greatly affected by oxidative stress and insulin resistance: diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease.
Collapse
|
14
|
Negri S, Faris P, Moccia F. Reactive Oxygen Species and Endothelial Ca 2+ Signaling: Brothers in Arms or Partners in Crime? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189821. [PMID: 34575985 PMCID: PMC8465413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) controls virtually all endothelial cell functions and is, therefore, crucial to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. An aberrant elevation in endothelial can indeed lead to severe cardiovascular disorders. Likewise, moderate amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce intracellular Ca2+ signals to regulate vascular functions, while excessive ROS production may exploit dysregulated Ca2+ dynamics to induce endothelial injury. Herein, we survey how ROS induce endothelial Ca2+ signals to regulate vascular functions and, vice versa, how aberrant ROS generation may exploit the Ca2+ handling machinery to promote endothelial dysfunction. ROS elicit endothelial Ca2+ signals by regulating inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors, sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2B, two-pore channels, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), and multiple isoforms of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. ROS-induced endothelial Ca2+ signals regulate endothelial permeability, angiogenesis, and generation of vasorelaxing mediators and can be exploited to induce therapeutic angiogenesis, rescue neurovascular coupling, and induce cancer regression. However, an increase in endothelial [Ca2+]i induced by aberrant ROS formation may result in endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, and pulmonary artery hypertension. This information could pave the way to design alternative treatments to interfere with the life-threatening interconnection between endothelial ROS and Ca2+ signaling under multiple pathological conditions.
Collapse
|
15
|
Moraes RDA, Webb RC, Silva DF. Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes and Obesity: Focus on TRP Channels. Front Physiol 2021; 12:645109. [PMID: 33716794 PMCID: PMC7952965 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.645109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily consists of a diverse group of non-selective cation channels that has a wide tissue distribution and is involved in many physiological processes including sensory perception, secretion of hormones, vasoconstriction/vasorelaxation, and cell cycle modulation. In the blood vessels, TRP channels are present in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and perivascular sensory nerves, and these channels have been implicated in the regulation of vascular tone, vascular cell proliferation, vascular wall permeability and angiogenesis. Additionally, dysfunction of TRP channels is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Unfortunately, the prevalence of diabetes and obesity is rising worldwide, becoming an important public health problems. These conditions have been associated, highlighting that obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. As well, both cardiometabolic diseases have been linked to a common disorder, vascular dysfunction. In this review, we briefly consider general aspects of TRP channels, and we focus the attention on TRPC (canonical or classical), TRPV (vanilloid), TRPM (melastatin), and TRPML (mucolipin), which were shown to be involved in vascular alterations of diabetes and obesity or are potentially linked to vascular dysfunction. Therefore, elucidation of the functional and molecular mechanisms underlying the role of TRP channels in vascular dysfunction in diabetes and obesity is important for the prevention of vascular complications and end-organ damage, providing a further therapeutic target in the treatment of these metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raiana Dos Anjos Moraes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Darízy Flávia Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
MiR-599 Protects Cardiomyocytes against Oxidative Stress-Induced Pyroptosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3287053. [PMID: 33681353 PMCID: PMC7906806 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3287053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a crucial factor and key promoter of a variety of cardiovascular diseases associated with cardiomyocyte injury. Emerging literatures suggest that pyroptosis plays a key role in cardiac damages. However, whether pyroptosis contributes to cardiomyocyte injury under oxidative stress and the underlying molecular mechanisms are totally unclear. This study was designed to investigate the potential role of pyroptosis in H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte injury and to elucidate the potential mechanisms. Primary cardiomyocytes from neonatal Wistar rats were utilized. These myocytes were treated with different concentrations of H2O2 (25, 50, and 100 μM) for 24 h to induce oxidative injury. Our results indicated that mRNA and protein levels of ASC were remarkably upregulated and caspase-1 was activated. Moreover, the expressions of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 were also increased. Luciferase assay showed that miR-599 inhibited ASC expression through complementary binding with its 3'UTR. MiR-599 expression was substantially reduced in H2O2-treated cardiomyocytes. Upregulation of miR-599 inhibited cardiomyocyte pyroptosis under oxidative stress, and opposite results were found by decreasing the expression of miR-599. Consistently, miR-599 overexpression ameliorated cardiomyocyte injury caused by H2O2. Therefore, miR-599 could be a promising therapeutic approach for the management of cardiac injury under oxidative condition.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mukherjee T, Behl T, Sehgal A, Bhatia S, Singh H, Bungau S. Exploring the molecular role of endostatin in diabetic neuropathy. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1819-1836. [PMID: 33559819 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For over a decade, diabetic neuropathy has exhibited great emergence in diabetic patients. Though there are numerous impediments in understanding the underlying pathology it is not that enough to conclude. Initially, there was no intricate protocol for diagnosis as its symptoms mimic most of the neurodegenerative disorders and demyelinating diseases. Continuous research on this, reveals many pathological correlates which are also detectable clinically. The most important pathologic manifestation is imbalanced angiogenesis/neo-vascularization. This review is completely focused on established pathogenesis and anti-angiogenic agents which are physiological signal molecules by the origin. Those agents can also be used externally to inhibit those pathogenic pathways. Pathologically DN demonstrates the misbalanced expression of many knotty factors like VEGF, FGF2, TGFb, NF-kb, TNF-a, MMP, TIMP, and many minor factors. Their pathway towards the incidence of DN is quite interrelated. Many anti-angiogenic agents inhibit neovascularization to many extents, but out of them predominantly inhibition of angiogenic activity is shared by endostatin which is now in clinical trial phase II. It inhibits almost all angiogenic factors and it is possible because they share interrelated pathogenesis towards imbalanced angiogenesis. Endostatin is a physiological signal molecule produced by the proteolytic cleavage of collagen XVIII. It has also a broad research profile in the field of medical research and further investigation can show promising therapeutic effects for benefit of mankind.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Mukherjee
- Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.,Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | | | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ning W, Li S, Yang W, Yang B, Xin C, Ping X, Huang C, Gu Y, Guo L. Blocking exosomal miRNA-153-3p derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates hypoxia-induced myocardial and microvascular damage by targeting the ANGPT1-mediated VEGF/PI3k/Akt/eNOS pathway. Cell Signal 2020; 77:109812. [PMID: 33164880 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
It has been widely reported that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a protective effect on myocardial infarction (MI). However, the specific molecules which play a damaging role in MSCs shuttled miRNAs are much less explored. MiRNA-153-3p (miR-153-3p) is a vital miRNA which has been proved to modulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, peritoneal fibrosis and aortic calcification. Here, we aim to study the effect and mechanism of miR-153-3p in MSC-derived exosomes on hypoxia-induced myocardial and microvascular damage. The exosomes of MSCs were isolated and identified, and the MSCs-exosomes with low expression of miR-153-3p (exo-miR-153-3p-) were constructed to interfere with the endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes in the oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model. The viability, apoptosis, angiogenesis of endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes were determined. Additionally, ANGPT1/VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway was detected by ELISA and/or western blot. The results illustrated that exo-miR-153-3p- significantly reduced the apoptosis of endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes and promoted their viability. Meanwhile, exo-miR-153-3p- can promote the angiogenesis of endothelial cells. Mechanistically, miR-153-3p regulates the VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathways by targeting ANGPT1. Intervention with VEGFR2 inhibitor (SU1498, 1 μM) remarkably reversed the protective effect of exo-miR-153-3p- in vascular endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes treated by OGD. Collectively, MSCs-derived exosomes with low-expressed miR-153-3p notably promotes the activation of ANGPT1 and the VEGF/VEGFR2 /PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathways, thereby preventing the damages endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes against hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Ning
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Emergency, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Emergency, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chuanyou Xin
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Emergency, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Ping
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Emergency, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chuanqi Huang
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Emergency, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Emergency, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Longzhe Guo
- Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Emergency, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|